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29 results on '"Naimzada, Md"'

1. Mapping age- and sex-specific HIV prevalence in adults in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–2018

Author: Haeuser, E, Serfes, AL, Cork, MA, Yang, M, Abbastabar, H, Abhilash, ES, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adekanmbi, V, Adeyinka, DA, Afzal, S, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, MB, Akalu, Y, Akinyemi, RO, Akunna, CJ, Alahdab, F, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alene, KA, Alhassan, RK, Alipour, V, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ameyaw, EK, Amini, S, Amugsi, DA, Ancuceanu, R, Anvari, D, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Asemahagn, MA, Jafarabadi, MA, Awedew, AF, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayanore, MA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Azene, ZN, Darshan, BB, Babalola, TK, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Bärnighausen, TW, Bell, AW, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bitew, ZW, Bohlouli, S, Bolarinwa, OA, Boloor, A, Bozicevic, I, Butt, ZA, Cárdenas, R, Carvalho, F, Charan, J, Chattu, VK, Chowdhury, MAK, Chu, D-T, Cowden, RG, Dahlawi, SMA, Damiani, G, Darteh, EKM, Darwesh, AM, das Neves, J, Weaver, ND, De Leo, D, De Neve, J-W, Deribe, K, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, S, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Didarloo, A, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Dubljanin, E, Duko, B, El Tantawi, M, El-Jaafary, SI, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Eyawo, O, Ezeonwumelu, IJ, Ezzikouri, S, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Fauk, NK, Fernandes, E, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foigt, NA, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, AM, Gebregiorgis, BG, Gebremedhin, KB, Getacher, L, Ghadiri, K, Ghashghaee, A, Golechha, M, Gubari, MIM, Gugnani, HC, Guimarães, RA, Haider, MR, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamidi, S, Hashi, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Herteliu, C, Ho, HC, Holla, R, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hwang, B-F, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Islam, RM, Iwu, CCD, Jakovljevic, M, Jha, RP, Ji, JS, Johnson, KB, Joseph, N, Joshua, V, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, T, Matin, BK, Karimi, SE, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Keramati, M, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, MN, Khatab, K, Khubchandani, J, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kopec, JA, Kosen, S, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Defo, BK, Kugbey, N, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, M, Kumar, N, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Larson, HJ, Lasrado, S, Lee, PH, Li, S, Liu, X, Maleki, A, Malik, P, Mansournia, MA, Martins-Melo, FR, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Meretoja, TJ, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Moazen, B, Mohamad, O, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Moradi, M, Moraga, P, Mubarik, S, Mulu, GBB, Mwanri, L, Nagarajan, AJ, Naimzada, MD, Naveed, M, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Ngalesoni, FN, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Nnaji, CA, Noubiap, JJ, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, VE, Oancea, B, Odukoya, OO, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Bali, AO, Onwujekwe, OE, Orisakwe, OE, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padubidri, JR, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pandi-Perumal, SR, Kan, FP, Patton, GC, Pawar, S, Peprah, EK, Postma, MJ, Preotescu, L, Syed, ZQ, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahmani, AM, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, CL, Rao, SJ, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Regassa, LD, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Riaz, MA, Ribeiro, AI, Ross, JM, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, SF, Rwegerera, GM, Moghaddam, SS, Sagar, R, Sahiledengle, B, Sahu, M, Salem, MR, Kafil, HS, Samy, AM, Sartorius, B, Sathian, B, Seidu, A-A, Shaheen, AA, Shaikh, MA, Shamsizadeh, M, Shiferaw, WS, Shin, JI, Shrestha, R, Singh, JA, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soltani, S, Sufiyan, MB, Tabuchi, T, Tadesse, EG, Taveira, N, Tesfay, FH, Thapar, R, Tovani-Palone, MR, Tsegaye, GW, Umeokonkwo, CD, Unnikrishnan, B, Villafañe, JH, Violante, FS, Vo, B, Vu, GT, Wado, YD, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Wickramasinghe, ND, Wilson, K, Yaya, S, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zastrozhin, MS, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z-J, Hay, SI, Dwyer-Lindgren, L, Local Burden of Disease sub-Saharan Africa HIV Prevalence Collaborators, Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Haeuser, Emily, Serfes, Audrey L., Cork, Michael A., Yang, Mingyou, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Dwyer Lindgrena, Laura, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Department of Oncology, Epidemiologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health
Subjects: Male, Adult, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, Adolescent, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata, HIV Infections, Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medica, Young Adult, HIV Infections/prevention & control, Pregnancy, Seroepidemiologic Studies, General & Internal Medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Geostatistics, Africa, Demographics, HIV, HIV prevalence, Mapping, Spatial statistics, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Africa South of the Sahara, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Settore SECS-S/04 - Demografia, Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Female
Abstract: Background Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is still among the leading causes of disease burden and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and the world is not on track to meet targets set for ending the epidemic by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Precise HIV burden information is critical for effective geographic and epidemiological targeting of prevention and treatment interventions. Age- and sex-specific HIV prevalence estimates are widely available at the national level, and region-wide local estimates were recently published for adults overall. We add further dimensionality to previous analyses by estimating HIV prevalence at local scales, stratified into sex-specific 5-year age groups for adults ages 15–59 years across SSA. Methods We analyzed data from 91 seroprevalence surveys and sentinel surveillance among antenatal care clinic (ANC) attendees using model-based geostatistical methods to produce estimates of HIV prevalence across 43 countries in SSA, from years 2000 to 2018, at a 5 × 5-km resolution and presented among second administrative level (typically districts or counties) units. Results We found substantial variation in HIV prevalence across localities, ages, and sexes that have been masked in earlier analyses. Within-country variation in prevalence in 2018 was a median 3.5 times greater across ages and sexes, compared to for all adults combined. We note large within-district prevalence differences between age groups: for men, 50% of districts displayed at least a 14-fold difference between age groups with the highest and lowest prevalence, and at least a 9-fold difference for women. Prevalence trends also varied over time; between 2000 and 2018, 70% of all districts saw a reduction in prevalence greater than five percentage points in at least one sex and age group. Meanwhile, over 30% of all districts saw at least a five percentage point prevalence increase in one or more sex and age group. Conclusions As the HIV epidemic persists and evolves in SSA, geographic and demographic shifts in prevention and treatment efforts are necessary. These estimates offer epidemiologically informative detail to better guide more targeted interventions, vital for combating HIV in SSA.
Published: 2022

2. Mapping inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries, 2000-2018

Author: Bhattacharjee, NV, Schaeffer, LE, Hay, SI, Lu, D, Schipp, MF, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Donkers, KM, Abady, GG, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abebo, ZH, Abejie, AN, Abosetugn, AE, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abushouk, AI, Adamu, AL, Adedeji, IA, Adegbosin, AE, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Agudelo-Botero, M, Aji, B, Akinyemi, OO, Alamneh, AA, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, J, Alcalde-Rabanal, JE, Alemu, BW, Alhassan, RK, Ali, BA, Ali, S, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Amit, AML, Amugsi, DA, Anbesu, EW, Ancuceanu, R, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Anvari, D, Arabloo, J, Arora, A, Artanti, KD, Asemahagn, MA, Asmare, WN, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, M, Awoke, N, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayanore, MA, Aynalem, YA, Ayza, MA, Azene, ZN, Darshan, BB, Badiye, AD, Baig, AA, Bakkannavar, SM, Banach, M, Banik, PC, Bärnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bayati, M, Baye, BA, Bedi, N, Belay, SA, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhutta, ZA, Bijani, A, Birhan, TA, Birihane, BM, Bitew, ZW, Bohlouli, S, Bohluli, M, Bojia, HA, Boloor, A, Brady, OJ, Bragazzi, NL, Brunoni, AR, Budhathoki, SS, Nagaraja, SB, Butt, ZA, Cárdenas, R, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castro, F, Cernigliaro, A, Charan, J, Chatterjee, P, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, S, Chowdhury, MAK, Chu, D-T, Collison, ML, Cook, AJ, Cork, MA, Couto, RAS, Dagnew, B, Dai, H, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwesh, AM, Darwish, AH, Daryani, A, Das, JK, Gupta, RD, Dávila-Cervantes, CA, Davis, AC, Weaver, ND, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Deribe, K, Desalew, A, Deshpande, A, Dessie, A, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhimal, M, Dhungana, GP, Diaz, D, Didarloo, A, Dipeolu, IO, Doan, LP, Duko, B, Duraes, AR, Dwyer-Lindgren, L, Earl, L, Zaki, MES, Tantawi, ME, Elema, TB, Elhabashy, HR, El-Jaafary, SI, Faris, PS, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Feigin, VL, Feleke, BE, Ferede, TY, Fischer, F, Foigt, NA, Folayan, MO, Franklin, RC, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, S, Gardner, WM, Geberemariyam, BS, Gebregiorgis, BG, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremichael, B, Ghaffarpasand, F, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Glagn, M, Golechha, M, Gonfa, KB, Goulart, BNG, Gudi, N, Guido, D, Guled, RA, Guo, Y, Hamidi, S, Handiso, DW, Hasaballah, AI, Hassan, A, Hayat, K, Hegazy, MI, Heidari, B, Henry, NJ, Herteliu, C, de, Hidru, HD, Ho, HC, Hoang, CL, Holla, R, Hon, J, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Hu, G, Huda, TM, Hwang, B-F, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Inbaraj, LR, Iqbal, U, Irvani, SSN, Islam, MM, Iwu, CCD, Iwu, CJ, Jain, A, Janodia, MD, Javaheri, T, John-Akinola, YO, Johnson, KB, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, OT, Kapoor, N, Matin, BK, Karimi, SE, Kasaye, HK, Kassahun, G, Kassebaum, NJ, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Keiyoro, PN, Kelkay, B, Khalid, N, Khan, MN, Khatab, K, Khater, AM, Khater, MM, Khatib, MN, Kim, YJ, Kimokoti, RW, Kinyoki, DK, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kosen, S, Krishan, K, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, GA, Kumar, M, Kumar, N, Kumar, P, Kurmi, OP, Kusuma, D, Vecchia, CL, Lad, SD, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lansingh, VC, Lasrado, S, Lee, PH, LeGrand, KE, Letourneau, ID, Lewycka, S, Li, B, Li, M-C, Li, S, Liu, X, Lodha, R, Lopez, JCF, Louie, C, Machado, DB, Maled, V, Maleki, S, Malta, DC, Mamun, AA, Manafi, N, Mansournia, MA, Mapoma, CC, Marczak, LB, Martins-Melo, FR, Mehndiratta, MM, Mejia-Rodriguez, F, Mekonnen, TC, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mersha, AM, Miller, TR, Mini, GK, Mirrakhimov, EM, Misra, S, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammad, DK, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, JA, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Montero-Zamora, PA, Moradi, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mosser, JF, Mousavi, SM, Khaneghah, AM, Munro, SB, Muriithi, MK, Mustafa, G, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, AJ, Naik, G, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Nascimento, BR, Nayak, VC, Ndejjo, R, Ndwandwe, DE, Negoi, I, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, DN, Nguyen, HLT, Nigussie, SN, Nigussie, TTN, Nikbakhsh, R, Nnaji, CA, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Oghenetega, OB, Olagunju, AT, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Omer, MO, Onwujekwe, OE, Ortega-Altamirano, DV, Osgood-Zimmerman, AE, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padubidri, JR, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pandi-Perumal, SR, Pangaribuan, HU, Parsekar, SS, Pasupula, DK, Patel, UK, Pathak, A, Pathak, M, Pattanshetty, SM, Patton, GC, Paulos, K, Pepito, VCF, Pickering, BV, Pinheiro, M, Piwoz, EG, Pokhrel, KN, Pourjafar, H, Prada, SI, Pribadi, DRA, Syed, ZQ, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, A, Rahman, MHU, Rahmani, AM, Rai, RK, Ranabhat, CL, Rao, SJ, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Rawat, R, Regassa, LD, Rego, MAS, Reiner, RC, Reshmi, B, Rezapour, A, Ribeiro, AI, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Rumisha, SF, Rwegerera, GM, Sagar, R, Sajadi, SM, Salem, MR, Samy, AM, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Saraswathy, SYI, Sarker, AR, Sartorius, B, Sathian, B, Saxena, D, Sbarra, AN, Sengupta, D, Senthilkumaran, S, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shaheen, AA, Shaikh, MA, Shalash, AS, Shannawaz, M, Sheikh, A, Shetty, BSK, Shetty, RS, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, WS, Shin, JI, Silva, DAS, Singh, NP, Singh, P, Singh, S, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soheili, A, Soltani, S, Sorrie, MB, Spurlock, EE, Steuben, KM, Sudaryanto, A, Sufiyan, MB, Swartz, SJ, Tadesse, EG, Tamiru, AT, Tapak, L, Tareque, MI, Tarigan, IU, Tesema, GA, Tesfay, FH, Teshome, A, Tessema, ZT, Thankappan, KR, Thapar, R, Thomas, N, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Tran, BX, Truong, PN, Tsegaye, BTBT, Ullah, I, Umeokonkwo, CD, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Uzochukwu, BSC, VanderHeide, JD, Violante, FS, Vo, B, Wado, YD, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Wang, F, Wang, Y, Wang, Y-P, Wickramasinghe, ND, Wiens, KE, Wiysonge, CS, Woyczynski, L, Wu, A-M, Wu, C, Yamada, T, Yaya, S, Yeshaneh, A, Yeshaw, Y, Yeshitila, YG, Yilma, MT, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yosef, T, Younis, MZ, Yousuf, AY, Yu, C, Yu, Y, Yuce, D, Zafar, S, Zaidi, SS, Zaki, L, Zakzuk, J, Zamanian, M, Zar, HJ, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zelellw, DA, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z-J, Zhao, X-JG, Zodpey, S, Zuniga, YMH, Local Burden of Disease Exclusive Breastfeeding Collaborators, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Schaeffer, Lauren E, Hay, Simon I, Duko, Bereket, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Local Burden of Disease Exclusive Breastfeeding Collaborators, Bhattacharjee N.V., Schaeffer L.E., Hay S.I., Lu D., Schipp M.F., Lazzar-Atwood A., Donkers K.M., Abady G.G., Abd-Allah F., Abdelalim A., Abebo Z.H., Abejie A.N., Abosetugn A.E., Abreu L.G., Abrigo M.R.M., Abu-Gharbieh E., Abushouk A.I., Adamu A.L., Adedeji I.A., Adegbosin A.E., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O.O., Agudelo-Botero M., Aji B., Akinyemi O.O., Alamneh A.A., Alanezi F.M., Alanzi T.M., Albright J., Alcalde-Rabanal J.E., Alemu B.W., Alhassan R.K., Ali B.A., Ali S., Alinia C., Alipour V., Amit A.M.L., Amugsi D.A., Anbesu E.W., Ancuceanu R., Anjomshoa M., Ansari F., Antonio C.A.T., Anvari D., Arabloo J., Arora A., Artanti K.D., Asemahagn M.A., Asmare W.N., Atout M.M.W., Ausloos M., Awoke N., Quintanilla B.P.A., Ayanore M.A., Aynalem Y.A., Ayza M.A., Azene Z.N., Darshan B.B., Badiye A.D., Baig A.A., Bakkannavar S.M., Banach M., Banik P.C., Barnighausen T.W., Basaleem H., Bayati M., Baye B.A., Bedi N., Belay S.A., Bhagavathula A.S., Bhandari D., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhutta Z.A., Bijani A., Birhan T.A., Birihane B.M., Bitew Z.W., Bohlouli S., Bohluli M., Bojia H.A., Boloor A., Brady O.J., Bragazzi N.L., Brunoni A.R., Budhathoki S.S., Nagaraja S.B., Butt Z.A., Cardenas R., Castaldelli-Maia J.M., Castro F., Cernigliaro A., Charan J., Chatterjee P., Chatterjee S., Chattu V.K., Chaturvedi S., Chowdhury M.A.K., Chu D.-T., Collison M.L., Cook A.J., Cork M.A., Couto R.A.S., Dagnew B., Dai H., Dandona L., Dandona R., Daneshpajouhnejad P., Darwesh A.M., Darwish A.H., Daryani A., Das J.K., Gupta R.D., Davila-Cervantes C.A., Davis A.C., Weaver N.D., Denova-Gutierrez E., Deribe K., Desalew A., Deshpande A., Dessie A., Deuba K., Dharmaratne S.D., Dhimal M., Dhungana G.P., Diaz D., Didarloo A., Dipeolu I.O., Doan L.P., Duko B., Duraes A.R., Dwyer-Lindgren L., Earl L., Zaki M.E.S., Tantawi M.E., Elema T.B., Elhabashy H.R., El-Jaafary S.I., Faris P.S., Faro A., Farzadfar F., Feigin V.L., Feleke B.E., Ferede T.Y., Fischer F., Foigt N.A., Folayan M.O., Franklin R.C., Gad M.M., Gaidhane S., Gardner W.M., Geberemariyam B.S., Gebregiorgis B.G., Gebremedhin K.B., Gebremichael B., Ghaffarpasand F., Gilani S.A., Ginindza T.G., Glagn M., Golechha M., Gonfa K.B., Goulart B.N.G., Gudi N., Guido D., Guled R.A., Guo Y., Hamidi S., Handiso D.W., Hasaballah A.I., Hassan A., Hayat K., Hegazy M.I., Heidari B., Henry N.J., Herteliu C., de Hidru H.D., Ho H.C., Hoang C.L., Holla R., Hon J., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Househ M., Hsairi M., Hu G., Huda T.M., Hwang B.-F., Ibitoye S.E., Ilesanmi O.S., Ilic I.M., Ilic M.D., Inbaraj L.R., Iqbal U., Irvani S.S.N., Islam M.M., Iwu C.C.D., Iwu C.J., Jain A., Janodia M.D., Javaheri T., John-Akinola Y.O., Johnson K.B., Joukar F., Jozwiak J.J., Kabir A., Kalankesh L.R., Kalhor R., Kamath A., Kamyari N., Kanchan O.T., Kapoor N., Matin B.K., Karimi S.E., Kasaye H.K., Kassahun G., Kassebaum N.J., Kayode G.A., Karyani A.K., Keiyoro P.N., Kelkay B., Khalid N., Khan M.N., Khatab K., Khater A.M., Khater M.M., Khatib M.N., Kim Y.J., Kimokoti R.W., Kinyoki D.K., Kisa A., Kisa S., Kosen S., Krishan K., Kulkarni V., Kumar G.A., Kumar M., Kumar N., Kumar P., Kurmi O.P., Kusuma D., Vecchia C.L., Lad S.D., Lami F.H., Landires I., Lansingh V.C., Lasrado S., Lee P.H., LeGrand K.E., Letourneau I.D., Lewycka S., Li B., Li M.-C., Li S., Liu X., Lodha R., Lopez J.C.F., Louie C., Machado D.B., Maled V., Maleki S., Malta D.C., Mamun A.A., Manafi N., Mansournia M.A., Mapoma C.C., Marczak L.B., Martins-Melo F.R., Mehndiratta M.M., Mejia-Rodriguez F., Mekonnen T.C., Mendoza W., Menezes R.G., Mengesha E.W., Mersha A.M., Miller T.R., Mini G.K., Mirrakhimov E.M., Misra S., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohammad D.K., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammed J.A., Mohammed S., Mokdad A.H., Montero-Zamora P.A., Moradi M., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Mosser J.F., Mousavi S.M., Khaneghah A.M., Munro S.B., Muriithi M.K., Mustafa G., Muthupandian S., Nagarajan A.J., Naik G., Naimzada M.D., Nangia V., Nascimento B.R., Nayak V.C., Ndejjo R., Ndwandwe D.E., Negoi I., Nguefack-Tsague G., Ngunjiri J.W., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen D.N., Nguyen H.L.T., Nigussie S.N., Nigussie T.T.N., Nikbakhsh R., Nnaji C.A., Nunez-Samudio V., Oancea B., Oghenetega O.B., Olagunju A.T., Olusanya B.O., Olusanya J.O., Omer M.O., Onwujekwe O.E., Ortega-Altamirano D.V., Osgood-Zimmerman A.E., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S.S., Owolabi M.O., Mahesh P.A., Padubidri J.R., Pana A., Pandey A., Pandi-Perumal S.R., Pangaribuan H.U., Parsekar S.S., Pasupula D.K., Patel U.K., Pathak A., Pathak M., Pattanshetty S.M., Patton G.C., Paulos K., Pepito V.C.F., Pickering B.V., Pinheiro M., Piwoz E.G., Pokhrel K.N., Pourjafar H., Prada S.I., Pribadi D.R.A., Syed Z.Q., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Rahim F., Rahimzadeh S., Rahman A., Rahman M.H.U., Rahmani A.M., Rai R.K., Ranabhat C.L., Rao S.J., Rastogi P., Rathi P., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Rawassizadeh R., Rawat R., Regassa L.D., Rego M.A.S., Reiner R.C., Reshmi B., Rezapour A., Ribeiro A.I., Rickard J., Roever L., Rumisha S.F., Rwegerera G.M., Sagar R., Sajadi S.M., Salem M.R., Samy A.M., Santric-Milicevic M.M., Saraswathy S.Y.I., Sarker A.R., Sartorius B., Sathian B., Saxena D., Sbarra A.N., Sengupta D., Senthilkumaran S., Sha F., Shafaat O., Shaheen A.A., Shaikh M.A., Shalash A.S., Shannawaz M., Sheikh A., Shetty B.S.K., Shetty R.S., Shibuya K., Shiferaw W.S., Shin J.I., Silva D.A.S., Singh N.P., Singh P., Singh S., Sintayehu Y., Skryabin V.Y., Skryabina A.A., Soheili A., Soltani S., Sorrie M.B., Spurlock E.E., Steuben K.M., Sudaryanto A., Sufiyan M.B., Swartz S.J., Tadesse E.G., Tamiru A.T., Tapak L., Tareque M.I., Tarigan I.U., Tesema G.A., Tesfay F.H., Teshome A., Tessema Z.T., Thankappan K.R., Thapar R., Thomas N., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M.R., Traini E., Tran B.X., Truong P.N., Tsegaye B.T.B.T., Ullah I., Umeokonkwo C.D., Unnikrishnan B., Upadhyay E., Uzochukwu B.S.C., VanderHeide J.D., Violante F.S., Vo B., Wado Y.D., Waheed Y., Wamai R.G., Wang F., Wang Y., Wang Y.-P., Wickramasinghe N.D., Wiens K.E., Wiysonge C.S., Woyczynski L., Wu A.-M., Wu C., Yamada T., Yaya S., Yeshaneh A., Yeshaw Y., Yeshitila Y.G., Yilma M.T., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yosef T., Younis M.Z., Yousuf A.Y., Yu C., Yu Y., Yuce D., Zafar S., Zaidi S.S., Zaki L., Zakzuk J., Zamanian M., Zar H.J., Zastrozhin M.S., Zastrozhina A., Zelellw D.A., Zhang Y., Zhang Z.-J., Zhao X.-J.G., Zodpey S., Zuniga Y.M.H., Collaborators, Local Burden of Disease Exclusive Breastfeeding, and Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto
Subjects: RJ101, Psychological intervention, Breastfeeding, Social Sciences, geography, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, Prevalence, Psychology, policy making, 030212 general & internal medicine, Policy Making, humans, media_common, CHILD GROWTH FAILURE, Developing world, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Psychology, Biological, Geography, Psychology, Experimental, Health Status Disparitie, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Breast Feeding, breast feeding, Scale (social sciences), Science & Technology - Other Topics, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, AFRICA, Social Psychology, Inequality, spatial analysis, media_common.quotation_subject, public policy, Population, prevalence, Public policy, Developing country, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Public Policy, Local Burden of Disease Exclusive Breastfeeding Collaborators, Article, Developing Countrie, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, Humans, Nutrition disorders, education, Developing Countries, 030304 developmental biology, Spatial Analysis, Science & Technology, Neurosciences, Health Status Disparities, developing countries, health status disparities, Risk factors, Neurosciences & Neurology, Breast feeding
Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) of ≥70% EBF prevalence by 2030. While six LMICs are projected to meet the WHO GNT of ≥70% EBF prevalence at a national scale, only three are predicted to meet the target in all their district-level units by 2030., Bhattacharjee and Schaeffer et al. map exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 94 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), finding increased EBF practice and reduced subnational variation across the majority of LMICs from 2000 to 2018. However, only six LMICs will meet WHO’s target of ≥70% EBF by 2030 nationally, and only three will achieve this in all districts.
Published: 2021

3. Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Collaborators, GAM, Ward, JL, Azzopardi, PS, Francis, KL, Santelli, JS, Skirbekk, V, Sawyer, SM, Kassebaum, NJ, Mokdad, AH, Hay, SI, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abushouk, AI, Adebayo, OM, Adekanmbi, V, Adham, D, Advani, SM, Afshari, K, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, AE, Aji, B, Akombi-Inyang, B, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alcalde-Rabanal, JE, Alemu, BW, Al-Hajj, S, Alhassan, RK, Ali, S, Alicandro, G, Alijanzadeh, M, Aljunid, SM, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, NA, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Alonso, J, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, KA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Aminorroaya, A, Amit, AML, Amugsi, DA, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, CL, Androudi, S, Ansari, F, Ansari, I, Antonio, CAT, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ärnlöv, J, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, M, Avenyo, EK, Avila-Burgos, L, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayano, G, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Azene, ZN, Bakhshaei, MH, Bakkannavar, SM, Banach, M, Banik, PC, Barboza, MA, Barker-Collo, SL, Bärnighausen, TW, Basu, S, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Bekuma, TT, Bell, AW, Bell, ML, Benjet, C, Bensenor, IM, Berhe, AK, Berhe, K, Berman, AE, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, ZA, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Birhanu, TTM, Biswas, RK, Bohlouli, S, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Borschmann, R, Boufous, S, Bragazzi, NL, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, NJK, Brenner, H, Britton, GB, Burns, RA, Nagaraja, SB, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Cámera, LA, Campos-Nonato, IR, Rincon, JCC, Cárdenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, JJ, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Castelpietra, G, Catalá-López, F, Cerin, E, Chandan, JS, Chang, H-Y, Chang, J-C, Charan, J, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, S, Choi, J-YJ, Chowdhury, MAK, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Chung, S-C, Cicuttini, FM, Constantin, TV, Costa, VM, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, H, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwesh, AM, Dávila-Cervantes, CA, Davletov, K, De la Hoz, FP, De Leo, D, Dervenis, N, Desai, R, Desalew, A, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhungana, GP, Dianatinasab, M, da Silva, DD, Diaz, D, Didarloo, A, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Doshi, CP, Doshmangir, L, Doyle, KE, Duraes, AR, Kalan, ME, Ebtehaj, S, Edvardsson, D, Tantawi, ME, Elgendy, IY, El-Jaafary, SI, Elsharkawy, A, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Esteghamati, S, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Feigin, VL, Ferede, TY, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foigt, NA, Folayan, MO, Fomenkov, AA, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, AM, Gallus, S, Gebre, T, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremeskel, GG, Gebremeskel, L, Gebreslassie, AA, Gesesew, HA, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Gnedovskaya, EV, Godinho, MA, Golechha, M, Goli, S, Gona, PN, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Grivna, M, Gubari, MIM, Gugnani, HC, Guimarães, RA, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Haagsma, JA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haile, TG, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hall, BJ, Hamadeh, RR, Abdullah, KH, Hamidi, S, Handiso, DW, Hanif, A, Hankey, GJ, Haririan, H, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, AI, Hashi, A, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Herteliu, C, Heydarpour, F, Ho, HC, Hole, MK, Holla, R, Hoogar, P, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huda, TM, Humayun, A, Hussain, R, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Inbaraj, LR, Intarut, N, Iqbal, U, Irvani, SSN, Islam, MM, Islam, MS, Iso, H, Ivers, RQ, Jahani, MA, Jakovljevic, M, Jalali, A, Janodia, MD, Javaheri, T, Jeemon, P, Jenabi, E, Jha, RP, Jha, V, Ji, JS, Jonas, JB, Jones, KM, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Juliusson, PB, Jürisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, T, Karch, A, Karimi, SE, Kaur, S, Kayode, 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Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mini, G, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, M, Moazen, B, Mohammad, DK, Mohammadi, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadifard, N, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morrison, SD, Mosapour, A, Khaneghah, AM, Mueller, UO, Muriithi, MK, Murray, CJL, Muthupandian, S, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, AJ, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Nayak, VC, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, RI, Netsere, HB, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Nguyen, DN, Nguyen, HLT, Nie, J, Ningrum, DNA, Nnaji, CA, Nomura, S, Noubiap, JJ, Nowak, C, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, FA, Oghenetega, OB, Oh, I-H, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, AT, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Bali, AO, Omer, MO, Onwujekwe, OE, Ortiz, A, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Øverland, S, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Panelo, CIA, Park, E-K, Patten, SB, Peden, AE, Pepito, VCF, Peprah, EK, Pereira, J, Pesudovs, K, Pham, HQ, Phillips, MR, Piradov, MA, Pirsaheb, M, Postma, MJ, Pottoo, FH, Pourjafar, H, Pourshams, A, Prada, SI, Pupillo, E, Syed, ZQ, Rabiee, MH, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, MHU, Rahman, MA, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, CL, Rao, SJ, Rashedi, V, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezai, MS, Riahi, SM, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Roth, GA, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, SF, Rwegerera, GM, Sabour, S, Sachdev, PS, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Moghaddam, SS, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, MA, Sajadi, SM, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Saraswathy, SYI, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sarveazad, A, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Saxena, D, Saxena, S, Schiavolin, S, Schwebel, DC, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, SG, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shahabi, S, Shaheen, AA, Shaikh, MA, Shakiba, S, Shamsi, M, Shannawaz, M, 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YG, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S-J, Younis, MZ, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yu, C, Yu, Y, Yuce, D, Zaidi, SS, Bin Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zarafshan, H, Zarei, A, Zastrozhin, MS, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z-J, Zhao, X-JG, Zhu, C, Patton, GC, Viner, RM, Collaborators, GBD 2019 Adolescent Mortality, Ward, J. L., Azzopardi, P. S., Francis, K. L., Santelli, J. S., Skirbekk, V., Sawyer, S. M., Kassebaum, N. J., Mokdad, A. H., Hay, S. I., Abd-Allah, F., Abdoli, A., Abdollahi, M., Abedi, A., Abolhassani, H., Abreu, L. G., Abrigo, M. R. M., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Abushouk, A. I., Adebayo, O. M., Adekanmbi, V., Adham, D., Advani, S. M., Afshari, K., Agrawal, A., Ahmad, T., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, A. E., Aji, B., Akombi-Inyang, B., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, K., Alanezi, F. M., Alanzi, T. M., Alcalde-Rabanal, J. E., Alemu, B. W., Al-Hajj, S., Alhassan, R. K., Ali, S., Alicandro, G., Alijanzadeh, M., Aljunid, S. M., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Almasri, N. A., Al-Mekhlafi, H. M., Alonso, J., Al-Raddadi, R. M., Altirkawi, K. A., Alvis-Guzman, N., Amare, A. T., Amini, S., Aminorroaya, A., Amit, A. M. L., Amugsi, D. A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Andrei, C. L., Androudi, S., Ansari, F., Ansari, I., Antonio, C. A. T., Anvari, D., Anwer, R., Appiah, S. C. Y., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Arnlov, J., Asaad, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Asadi-Pooya, A. A., Atout, M. M. W., Ausloos, M., Avenyo, E. K., Avila-Burgos, L., Ayala Quintanilla, B. P., Ayano, G., Aynalem, Y. A., Azari, S., Azene, Z. N., Bakhshaei, M. H., Bakkannavar, S. M., Banach, M., Banik, P. C., Barboza, M. A., Barker-Collo, S. L., Barnighausen, T. W., Basu, S., Baune, B. T., Bayati, M., Bedi, N., Beghi, E., Bekuma, T. T., Bell, A. W., Bell, M. L., Benjet, C., Bensenor, I. M., Berhe, A. K., Berhe, K., Berman, A. E., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Bhutta, Z. A., Bijani, A., Bikbov, B., Biondi, A., Birhanu, T. T. M., Biswas, R. K., Bohlouli, S., Bolla, S. R., Boloor, A., Borschmann, R., Boufous, S., Bragazzi, N. L., Braithwaite, D., Breitborde, N. J. K., Brenner, H., Britton, G. B., Burns, R. A., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Butt, Z. A., Caetano dos Santos, F. L., Camera, L. A., Campos-Nonato, I. R., Campuzano Rincon, J. C., Cardenas, R., Carreras, G., Carrero, J. J., Carvalho, F., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Castaneda-Orjuela, C. A., Castelpietra, G., Catala-Lopez, F., Cerin, E., Chandan, J. S., Chang, H. -Y., Chang, J. -C., Charan, J., Chattu, V. K., Chaturvedi, S., Choi, J. -Y. J., Chowdhury, M. A. K., Christopher, D. J., Chu, D. -T., Chung, M. T., Chung, S. -C., Cicuttini, F. M., Constantin, T. V., Costa, V. M., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Dai, H., Dai, X., Damiani, G., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Daneshpajouhnejad, P., Darwesh, A. M., Davila-Cervantes, C. A., Davletov, K., De la Hoz, F. P., De Leo, D., Dervenis, N., Desai, R., Desalew, A., Deuba, K., Dharmaratne, S. D., Dhungana, G. P., Dianatinasab, M., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Didarloo, A., Djalalinia, S., Dorostkar, F., Doshi, C. P., Doshmangir, L., Doyle, K. E., Duraes, A. R., Ebrahimi Kalan, M., Ebtehaj, S., Edvardsson, D., El Tantawi, M., Elgendy, I. Y., El-Jaafary, S. I., Elsharkawy, A., Eshrati, B., Eskandarieh, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Esmaeilzadeh, F., Esteghamati, S., Faro, A., Farzadfar, F., Fattahi, N., Feigin, V. L., Ferede, T. Y., Fereshtehnejad, S. -M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J. L., Foigt, N. A., Folayan, M. O., Fomenkov, A. A., Foroutan, M., Fukumoto, T., Gad, M. M., Gaidhane, A. M., Gallus, S., Gebre, T., Gebremedhin, K. B., Gebremeskel, G. G., Gebremeskel, L., Gebreslassie, A. A., Gesesew, H. A., Ghadiri, K., Ghafourifard, M., Ghamari, F., Ghashghaee, A., Gilani, S. A., Gnedovskaya, E. V., Godinho, M. A., Golechha, M., Goli, S., Gona, P. N., Gopalani, S. V., Gorini, G., Grivna, M., Gubari, M. I. M., Gugnani, H. C., Guimaraes, R. A., Guo, Y., Gupta, R., Haagsma, J. A., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Haile, T. G., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Hall, B. J., Hamadeh, R. R., Hamagharib Abdullah, K., Hamidi, S., Handiso, D. W., Hanif, A., Hankey, G. J., Haririan, H., Haro, J. M., Hasaballah, A. 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Subjects: Male, Joves -- Mortalitat, ADOLESCENT HEALTH, CHILDREN, Socioeconomic Factor, Global Burden of Disease, RA0421, Cause of Death, Medicine, Young adult, Child, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Cause of death, education.field_of_study, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Female, Humans, Mortality, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Young Adult, Mortality rate, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Articles, Hälsovetenskaper, MIDDLE-INCOME, MENTAL-HEALTH, Adolescent health, INTERVENTIONS, Human, SUICIDE, Total fertility rate, Population, Adolescent Health, Adolescents -- Mortalitat, General & Internal Medicine, Health Sciences, QUALITY, Medicine [Science], Social determinants of health, INCOME COUNTRIES, education, business.industry, TRENDS, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Years of potential life lost, INJURIES, business, Demography
Abstract: Background Documentation of patterns and long-term trends in mortality in young people, which reflect huge changes in demographic and social determinants of adolescent health, enables identification of global investment priorities for this age group. We aimed to analyse data on the number of deaths, years of life lost, and mortality rates by sex and age group in people aged 10–24 years in 204 countries and territories from 1950 to 2019 by use of estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods We report trends in estimated total numbers of deaths and mortality rate per 100 000 population in young people aged 10–24 years by age group (10–14 years, 15–19 years, and 20–24 years) and sex in 204 countries and territories between 1950 and 2019 for all causes, and between 1980 and 2019 by cause of death. We analyse variation in outcomes by region, age group, and sex, and compare annual rate of change in mortality in young people aged 10–24 years with that in children aged 0–9 years from 1990 to 2019. We then analyse the association between mortality in people aged 10–24 years and socioeconomic development using the GBD Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite measure based on average national educational attainment in people older than 15 years, total fertility rate in people younger than 25 years, and income per capita. We assess the association between SDI and all-cause mortality in 2019, and analyse the ratio of observed to expected mortality by SDI using the most recent available data release (2017). Findings In 2019 there were 1·49 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 1·39–1·59) worldwide in people aged 10–24 years, of which 61% occurred in males. 32·7% of all adolescent deaths were due to transport injuries, unintentional injuries, or interpersonal violence and conflict; 32·1% were due to communicable, nutritional, or maternal causes; 27·0% were due to non-communicable diseases; and 8·2% were due to self-harm. Since 1950, deaths in this age group decreased by 30·0% in females and 15·3% in males, and sex-based differences in mortality rate have widened in most regions of the world. Geographical variation has also increased, particularly in people aged 10–14 years. Since 1980, communicable and maternal causes of death have decreased sharply as a proportion of total deaths in most GBD super-regions, but remain some of the most common causes in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, where more than half of all adolescent deaths occur. Annual percentage decrease in all-cause mortality rate since 1990 in adolescents aged 15–19 years was 1·3% in males and 1·6% in females, almost half that of males aged 1–4 years (2·4%), and around a third less than in females aged 1–4 years (2·5%). The proportion of global deaths in people aged 0–24 years that occurred in people aged 10–24 years more than doubled between 1950 and 2019, from 9·5% to 21·6%. Interpretation Variation in adolescent mortality between countries and by sex is widening, driven by poor progress in reducing deaths in males and older adolescents. Improving global adolescent mortality will require action to address the specific vulnerabilities of this age group, which are being overlooked. Furthermore, indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to jeopardise efforts to improve health outcomes including mortality in young people aged 10–24 years. There is an urgent need to respond to the changing global burden of adolescent mortality, address inequities where they occur, and improve the availability and quality of primary mortality data in this age group. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2021

4. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Al-Tammemi, AB, Altawalah, H, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, F, Ameyaw, EK, Dehkordi, JJA, Amirzade-Iranaq, MH, Amu, H, Amusa, GA, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, JA, Animut, YA, Anoushiravani, A, Anoushirvani, AA, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Ansha, MG, Antony, B, Antwi, MH, Anwar, SL, Anwer, R, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Argaw, AM, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Al, A, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, RT, Aryannejad, A, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, MA, Asemi, Z, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Assadi, R, Athar, M, Athari, SS, Null, MMWA, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, AF, Awoke, MA, Awoke, T, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayana, TM, Ayen, SS, Azadi, D, Null, SA, Azami-Aghdash, S, Azanaw, MM, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Jafari, AA, Azizi, H, Azzam, AYY, Babajani, A, Badar, M, Badiye, AD, Baghcheghi, N, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Bakhtiari, A, Bakshi, RK, Banach, M, Banerjee, I, Bardhan, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Bashir, NZ, Bashiri, A, Basu, S, Batiha, A-MM, Begum, A, Bekele, AB, Belay, AS, Belete, MA, Belgaumi, UI, Bell, AW, Belo, L, Benzian, H, Berhie, AY, Bermudez, ANC, Bernabe, E, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhala, N, Bhandari, BB, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bhuyan, SS, Bibi, S, Bilchut, AH, Bintoro, BS, Biondi, A, Birega, MGB, Birhan, HE, Bjorge, T, Blyuss, O, Bodicha, BBA, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, Brenner, H, Briko, AN, Briko, NI, Buchanan, CM, Bulamu, NB, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, MH, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, Caetano dos Santos, FL, Camera, LA, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Carvalho, M, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Chakraborty, PA, Charalampous, P, Chattu, VK, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chirinos-Caceres, JL, Cho, DY, Cho, WCS, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chukwu, IS, Cohen, AJ, Conde, J, Cortas, S, Costa, VM, Cruz-Martins, N, Culbreth, GT, Dadras, O, Dagnaw, FT, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Danielewicz, A, An, TMD, Soltani, RDC, 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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [2
Published: 2022

5. The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Alvarez, EM, Force, LM, Xu, R, Compton, K, Lu, D, Henrikson, HJ, Kocarnik, JM, Harvey, JD, Pennini, A, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Vargas, MT, Keegan, THM, Ariffin, H, Barr, RD, Erdomaeva, YA, Gunasekera, DS, John-Akinola, YO, Ketterl, TG, Kutluk, T, Malogolowkin, MH, Mathur, P, Radhakrishnan, V, Ries, LAG, Rodriguez-Galindo, C, Sagoyan, GB, Sultan, I, Abbasi, B, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdoli, A, Abebe, H, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Abolhassani, H, Ali, HA, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Acuna, JM, Adedeji, IA, Adegboye, OA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Meybodi, MA, Ahadinezhad, B, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Aiman, W, Akalu, GT, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, AlAmodi, AA, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alem, AZ, Alem, DT, Alemayehu, Y, Alhalaiqa, FN, Alhassan, RK, Ali, S, Alicandro, G, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Alkhayyat, M, Alluri, S, Almasri, NA, Al-Maweri, SA, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ameyaw, EK, Amini, S, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anvari, D, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Argaw, AM, Arshad, M, Arulappan, J, Aryannejad, A, Asemi, Z, Jafarabadi, MA, Atashzar, MR, Atorkey, P, Atreya, A, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, AF, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayele, AD, Ayen, SS, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azami, H, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Jafari, AA, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Bahadory, S, Bai, J, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Banach, M, Barnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basaleem, H, Batiha, A-MM, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, NC, Belete, R, Belgaumi, UI, Bell, AW, Berhie, AY, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Birara, S, Bjorge, T, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Bulamu, NB, Burkart, K, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Cao, C, 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Shobeiri, P, Siabani, S, Sibhat, MM, Malleshappa, SKS, Sidemo, NB, Silva, DAS, Julian, GS, Singh, AD, Singh, JA, Singh, JK, Singh, S, Sinke, AH, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Smith, L, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Soltani-Zangbar, MS, Song, S, Spurlock, EE, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Abdulkader, RS, Sultana, S, Szerencses, V, Szocska, M, Tabaeian, SP, Tabaras-Seisdedos, R, Tabary, M, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taheri, M, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Tampa, M, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tavakoli, A, Tbakhi, A, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tesfaye, B, Thakur, JS, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thiyagarajan, A, Thomas, N, Tobe-Gai, R, Togtmol, M, Tohidast, SA, Tohidinik, HR, Tolani, MA, Tollosa, DN, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Mai, TNT, Tripathy, JP, Tusa, BS, Ukke, GG, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, KK, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Ushula, TW, Vacante, M, Tahbaz, SV, Varthya, SB, Veroux, M, Villeneuve, PJ, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Wang, N, Ward, P, Weldesenbet, AB, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Winkler, AS, Wubishet, BL, Xu, S, Jabbari, SHY, Yang, L, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yazie, TS, Yehualashet, SS, Yeshaneh, A, Yeshaw, Y, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Zahir, M, Moghadam, TZ, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z-J, Ziapour, A, Zoladl, M, Murray, CJL, Fitzmaurice, C, Bleyer, A, Bhakta, N, and Gebremeskel, TG
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. METHODS: Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. FINDINGS: There were 1·19 million (95% UI 1·11-1·28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59·6 [54·5-65·7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53·2 [48·8-57·9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14
Published: 2022

6. Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Sheena, BS, Hiebert, L, Han, H, Ippolito, H, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdoli, A, Ali, HA, Adane, MM, Adegboye, OA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Afzal, S, Meybodi, MA, Ahadinezhad, B, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Akalu, GT, Aklilu, A, Akram, T, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Alem, AZ, Alem, DT, Alhalaiqa, FAN, Alhassan, RK, Ali, L, Ali, MA, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Alkhayyat, M, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altawalah, H, Amini, S, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Anoushiravani, A, Ansar, A, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Argaw, AM, Argaw, ZG, Arshad, M, Artamonov, AA, Ashraf, T, Atlaw, D, Ausloos, F, Ausloos, M, Azadnajafabad, S, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Jafari, AA, Azarian, G, Bagheri, S, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Barati, N, Barrow, A, Batiha, A-MM, Ramirez, DFB, Belgaumi, UI, Berhie, AY, Bhagat, DS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bodicha, BBA, Bojia, HA, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Briko, NI, Butt, ZA, Camera, LA, Chakinala, RC, Chakraborty, PA, Charan, J, Chen, S, Choi, J-YJ, Choudhari, SG, Chowdhury, FR, Chu, D-T, Chung, S-C, Cortesi, PA, Cowie, BC, Culbreth, GT, Dadras, O, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, De la Hoz, FP, Debela, SA, Dedefo, MG, Demeke, FM, Demie, TGG, Demissie, GD, Molla, MD, Desta, AA, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Didehdar, M, Doan, LP, Dorostkar, F, Drake, TM, Eghbalian, F, Ekholuenetale, M, El Sayed, I, Zaki, MES, Elhadi, M, Elmonem, MA, Elsharkawy, A, Enany, S, Enyew, DB, Erkhembayar, R, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Ezzikouri, S, Farrokhpour, H, Fetensa, G, Fischer, F, Foroutan, M, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, AM, Gaidhane, S, Galles, NC, Gallus, S, Gebremeskel, TG, Gebreyohannes, EA, Ghadiri, K, Ghaffari, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S-H, Ghashghaee, A, Gholami, A, Gholizadeh, A, Gilani, A, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Gorini, G, Goshu, YA, Griswold, MG, Gubari, MIM, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haddadi, R, Halwani, R, Hamid, SS, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hariri, S, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, SMM, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Herteliu, C, Heyi, DZ, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Huang, J, Hussein, NR, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irham, LM, Islam, JY, Ismail, NE, Jacobsen, KH, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Mamaghani, AJ, Jayaram, S, Jayawardena, R, Jebai, R, Jha, RP, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Kaambwa, B, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalhor, R, Kandel, H, Kanko, TKT, Kantar, RS, Karaye, IM, Kassa, BG, Bohan, PMK, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khan, G, Khan, IA, Khan, J, Ab Khan, M, Khanali, J, Khater, AM, Khatib, MN, Khodadost, M, Khoja, AT, Khosravizadeh, O, Khubchandani, J, Kim, GR, Kim, H, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kocarnik, JM, Kolahi, A-A, Koteeswaran, R, Kumar, GA, La Vecchia, C, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lazarus, J, Ledda, C, Lee, DW, Lee, S-W, Lee, YY, Levi, M, Li, J, Lim, SS, Lobo, SW, Lopukhov, PD, Loureiro, JA, MacLachlan, JH, Razek, HMAE, Razek, MMAE, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Malekpour, M-R, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, AA, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Martins-Melo, FR, Matthews, PC, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AG, Mestrovic, T, Miller, TR, Minh, LHN, Mirica, A, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirrakhimov, EM, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moazen, B, Mohamadkhani, A, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Moludi, J, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mostafavi, E, Mubarik, S, Muniyandi, M, Murray, CJL, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Swamy, SN, Natto, ZS, Nayak, BP, Nazari, J, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Nejadghaderi, SA, Kandel, SN, Nguyen, HLT, Ngwa, CH, Niazi, RK, Nnaji, CA, Noubiap, JJ, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Odukoya, OO, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Bali, AO, Omer, E, Otstavnov, SS, Oumer, B, Padubidri, JR, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Park, E-C, Kan, FP, Patel, UK, Paudel, U, Petcu, I-R, Piracha, ZZ, Pollok, RCG, Postma, MJ, Pourshams, A, Poustchi, H, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rafiei, A, Rafiei, S, Raghuram, PM, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmawaty, S, Rajesh, A, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rashidi, M, Rashidi, M-M, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Rezazadeh-Khadem, S, Rodriguez, JAB, Rwegerera, GM, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeb, MR, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Saif-Ur-Rahman, K, Salahi, S, Salimzadeh, H, Sampath, C, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Seidu, A-A, Sepanlou, SG, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, MA, Shaker, E, Shakhmardanov, MZ, Shannawaz, M, Shenoy, SM, Shetty, JK, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shin, JI, Shobeiri, P, Sibhat, MM, Singh, AD, Singh, JA, Singh, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sohrabpour, AA, Song, S, Tabaeian, SP, Tadesse, EG, Taheri, M, Tampa, M, Tan, K-K, Tavakoli, A, Tbakhi, A, Tefera, BN, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tesfaw, HM, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Tohidast, SA, Tollosa, DN, Tosti, ME, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Mai, TNT, Trihandini, I, Tusa, BS, Ullah, I, Vacante, M, Tahbaz, SV, Valdez, PR, Varthya, SB, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Weldesenbet, AB, Woldemariam, M, Xu, S, Jabbari, SHY, Yaseri, M, Yeshaw, Y, Yigit, V, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zahir, M, Zaki, L, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zastrozhin, MS, Vos, T, Ward, JW, Dirac, MA, Sheena, BS, Hiebert, L, Han, H, Ippolito, H, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdoli, A, Ali, HA, Adane, MM, Adegboye, OA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Afzal, S, Meybodi, MA, Ahadinezhad, B, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Akalu, GT, Aklilu, A, Akram, T, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Alem, AZ, Alem, DT, Alhalaiqa, FAN, Alhassan, RK, Ali, L, Ali, MA, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Alkhayyat, M, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altawalah, H, Amini, S, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Anoushiravani, A, Ansar, A, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Argaw, AM, Argaw, ZG, Arshad, M, Artamonov, AA, Ashraf, T, Atlaw, D, Ausloos, F, Ausloos, M, Azadnajafabad, S, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Jafari, AA, Azarian, G, Bagheri, S, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Barati, N, Barrow, A, Batiha, A-MM, Ramirez, DFB, Belgaumi, UI, Berhie, AY, Bhagat, DS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bodicha, BBA, Bojia, HA, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Briko, NI, Butt, ZA, Camera, LA, Chakinala, RC, Chakraborty, PA, Charan, J, Chen, S, Choi, J-YJ, Choudhari, SG, Chowdhury, FR, Chu, D-T, Chung, S-C, Cortesi, PA, Cowie, BC, Culbreth, GT, Dadras, O, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, De la Hoz, FP, Debela, SA, Dedefo, MG, Demeke, FM, Demie, TGG, Demissie, GD, Molla, MD, Desta, AA, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Didehdar, M, Doan, LP, Dorostkar, F, Drake, TM, Eghbalian, F, Ekholuenetale, M, El Sayed, I, Zaki, MES, Elhadi, M, Elmonem, MA, Elsharkawy, A, Enany, S, Enyew, DB, Erkhembayar, R, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Ezzikouri, S, Farrokhpour, H, Fetensa, G, Fischer, F, Foroutan, M, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, AM, Gaidhane, S, Galles, NC, Gallus, S, Gebremeskel, TG, Gebreyohannes, EA, Ghadiri, K, Ghaffari, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S-H, Ghashghaee, A, Gholami, A, Gholizadeh, A, Gilani, A, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Gorini, G, Goshu, YA, Griswold, MG, Gubari, MIM, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haddadi, R, Halwani, R, Hamid, SS, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hariri, S, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, SMM, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Herteliu, C, Heyi, DZ, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Huang, J, Hussein, NR, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irham, LM, Islam, JY, Ismail, NE, Jacobsen, KH, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Mamaghani, AJ, Jayaram, S, Jayawardena, R, Jebai, R, Jha, RP, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Kaambwa, B, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalhor, R, Kandel, H, Kanko, TKT, Kantar, RS, Karaye, IM, Kassa, BG, Bohan, PMK, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khan, G, Khan, IA, Khan, J, Ab Khan, M, Khanali, J, Khater, AM, Khatib, MN, Khodadost, M, Khoja, AT, Khosravizadeh, O, Khubchandani, J, Kim, GR, Kim, H, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kocarnik, JM, Kolahi, A-A, Koteeswaran, R, Kumar, GA, La Vecchia, C, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lazarus, J, Ledda, C, Lee, DW, Lee, S-W, Lee, YY, Levi, M, Li, J, Lim, SS, Lobo, SW, Lopukhov, PD, Loureiro, JA, MacLachlan, JH, Razek, HMAE, Razek, MMAE, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Malekpour, M-R, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, AA, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Martins-Melo, FR, Matthews, PC, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AG, Mestrovic, T, Miller, TR, Minh, LHN, Mirica, A, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirrakhimov, EM, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moazen, B, Mohamadkhani, A, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Moludi, J, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mostafavi, E, Mubarik, S, Muniyandi, M, Murray, CJL, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Swamy, SN, Natto, ZS, Nayak, BP, Nazari, J, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Nejadghaderi, SA, Kandel, SN, Nguyen, HLT, Ngwa, CH, Niazi, RK, Nnaji, CA, Noubiap, JJ, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Odukoya, OO, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Bali, AO, Omer, E, Otstavnov, SS, Oumer, B, Padubidri, JR, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Park, E-C, Kan, FP, Patel, UK, Paudel, U, Petcu, I-R, Piracha, ZZ, Pollok, RCG, Postma, MJ, Pourshams, A, Poustchi, H, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rafiei, A, Rafiei, S, Raghuram, PM, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmawaty, S, Rajesh, A, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rashidi, M, Rashidi, M-M, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Rezazadeh-Khadem, S, Rodriguez, JAB, Rwegerera, GM, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeb, MR, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Saif-Ur-Rahman, K, Salahi, S, Salimzadeh, H, Sampath, C, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Seidu, A-A, Sepanlou, SG, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, MA, Shaker, E, Shakhmardanov, MZ, Shannawaz, M, Shenoy, SM, Shetty, JK, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shin, JI, Shobeiri, P, Sibhat, MM, Singh, AD, Singh, JA, Singh, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sohrabpour, AA, Song, S, Tabaeian, SP, Tadesse, EG, Taheri, M, Tampa, M, Tan, K-K, Tavakoli, A, Tbakhi, A, Tefera, BN, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tesfaw, HM, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Tohidast, SA, Tollosa, DN, Tosti, ME, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Mai, TNT, Trihandini, I, Tusa, BS, Ullah, I, Vacante, M, Tahbaz, SV, Valdez, PR, Varthya, SB, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Weldesenbet, AB, Woldemariam, M, Xu, S, Jabbari, SHY, Yaseri, M, Yeshaw, Y, Yigit, V, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zahir, M, Zaki, L, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zastrozhin, MS, Vos, T, Ward, JW, and Dirac, MA
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Combating viral hepatitis is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and WHO has put forth hepatitis B elimination targets in its Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (WHO-GHSS) and Interim Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination (WHO Interim Guidance). We estimated the global, regional, and national prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), as well as mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to HBV, as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. This included estimates for 194 WHO member states, for which we compared our estimates to WHO elimination targets. METHODS: The primary data sources were population-based serosurveys, claims and hospital discharges, cancer registries, vital registration systems, and published case series. We estimated chronic HBV infection and the burden of HBV-related diseases, defined as an aggregate of cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, liver cancer due to hepatitis B, and acute hepatitis B. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian mixed-effects meta-regression tool, to estimate the prevalence of chronic HBV infection, cirrhosis, and aetiological proportions of cirrhosis. We used mortality-to-incidence ratios modelled with spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression to estimate the incidence of liver cancer. We used the Cause of Death Ensemble modelling (CODEm) model, a tool that selects models and covariates on the basis of out-of-sample performance, to estimate mortality due to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and acute hepatitis B. FINDINGS: In 2019, the estimated global, all-age prevalence of chronic HBV infection was 4·1% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·7 to 4·5), corresponding to 316 million (284 to 351) infected people. There was a 31·3% (29·0 to 33·9) decline in all-age prevalence between 1990 and 2019, with a more marked decline of 76·8% (76·2 to 77·5) in prevalence in children younger than 5 years. HBV-related diseases resulted in 555 0
Published: 2022

7. Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Peden, AE, Cullen, P, Francis, KL, Moeller, H, Peden, MM, Ye, P, Tian, M, Zou, Z, Sawyer, SM, Aali, A, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdelmasseh, M, Abdoun, M, Abd-Rabu, R, Abdulah, DM, Abdurehman, AM, Abebe, G, Abebe, AM, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Aboagye, RG, Ali, HA, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adane, DE, Adane, TD, Addo, IY, Adewole, OG, Adhikari, S, Adnan, M, Adnani, QES, Afolabi, AAB, Afzal, S, Afzal, MS, Aghdam, ZB, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, AR, Ahmad, T, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, JQ, Rashid, TA, Aithala, JP, Aji, B, Akhlaghdoust, M, Alahdab, F, Alanezi, FM, Alemayehu, A, Al Hamad, H, Ali, SS, Ali, L, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almidani, L, Almustanyir, S, Altirkawi, KA, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Ameyaw, EK, Amin, TT, Amir-Behghadami, M, Amiri, S, Amiri, H, Anagaw, TF, Andrei, T, Andrei, CL, Anvari, D, Anwar, SL, Anyasodor, AE, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Arja, A, Arulappan, J, Arumugam, A, Aryannejad, A, Asgary, S, Ashraf, T, Athari, SS, Atreya, A, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Awedew, AF, Azadnajafabad, S, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Azari, S, Jafari, AA, Azizi, H, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Baghcheghi, N, Bagherieh, S, Baig, AA, Bakkannavar, SM, Balta, AB, Banach, M, Banik, PC, Bansal, H, Bardhan, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barrow, A, Bashiri, A, Baskaran, P, Basu, S, Bayileyegn, NS, Bekel, AA, Bekele, AB, Bendak, S, Bensenor, IM, Berhie, AY, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, P, Bhardwaj, N, Bhaskar, S, Bhat, AN, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, ZA, Bibi, S, Bintoro, BS, Bitaraf, S, Bodicha, BBA, Boloor, A, Bouaoud, S, Brown, J, Burkart, K, Butt, NS, Butt, MH, Camera, LA, Rincon, JCC, Cao, C, Carvalho, AF, Carvalho, M, Chakraborty, PA, Chandrasekar, EK, Chang, J-C, Charalampous, P, Charan, J, Chattu, VK, Chekole, BM, Chitheer, A, Cho, DY, Chopra, H, Christopher, DJ, Chukwu, IS, Cruz-Martins, N, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Darmstadt, GL, Soltani, RDC, Darwesh, AM, Das, S, Dastiridou, A, Debela, SA, Dehghan, A, Demeke, GM, Demetriades, AK, Demissie, S, Dessalegn, FN, Desta, AA, Dianatinasab, M, Diao, N, da Silva, DD, Diaz, D, Digesa, LE, Diress, M, Djalalinia, S, Linh, PD, Dodangeh, M, Doku, PN, Dongarwar, D, Dsouza, HL, Eini, E, Ekholuenetale, M, Ekundayo, TC, Elagali, AEM, Elbahnasawy, MA, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, Zaki, MES, Enyew, DB, Erkhembayar, R, Eskandarieh, S, Etaee, F, Fagbamigbe, AF, Faris, PS, Farmany, A, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fatehizadeh, A, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Feroze, AH, Fetensa, G, Feyisa, BR, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foroutan, B, Foroutan, M, Fowobaje, KR, Franklin, RC, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gadanya, MA, Galali, Y, Galehdar, N, Ganesan, B, Garg, T, Gebrehiwot, MGD, Gebremariam, YH, Gela, YY, Gerema, U, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S-H, Ghanbari, R, Nour, MG, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gholami, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Ghozy, S, Gilani, SA, Gill, TK, Gine-Vazquez, I, Girma, ZA, Glasbey, JC, Glozah, FN, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Grivna, M, Guadie, HA, Gunawardane, DA, Guo, Y, Gupta, VB, Gupta, S, Gupta, B, Gupta, VK, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hameed, S, Hanfore, LK, Hanif, A, Hargono, A, Harlianto, NI, Harorani, M, Hasaballah, AI, Hasan, SMM, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Havmoeller, RJ, Hay, SI, Heidari, M, Hendrie, D, Heyi, DZ, Hiraike, Y, Holla, R, Horita, N, Hossain, SJ, Hossain, MBH, Shabanan, SH, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hoveidaei, AH, Hsiao, AK, Hussain, S, Hussein, A, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Imani, B, Immurana, M, Inbaraj, LR, Islam, SMS, Islam, RM, Islam, MM, Ismail, NE, Merin, LJ, Jahrami, H, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, MD, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, SK, Jayarajah, UU, Jayaraman, S, Jeganathan, J, Jemal, B, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jozwiak, JJ, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kadashetti, V, Kadir, DH, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamal, VK, Kamath, R, Kandel, H, Kantar, RS, Kapoor, N, Karami, H, Karaye, IM, Karkhah, S, Katoto, PDMC, Kauppila, JH, Kayode, GA, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keskin, C, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, 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Kadir, DH, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamal, VK, Kamath, R, Kandel, H, Kantar, RS, Kapoor, N, Karami, H, Karaye, IM, Karkhah, S, Katoto, PDMC, Kauppila, JH, Kayode, GA, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keskin, C, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khammarnia, M, Khan, EA, Khan, MN, Khan, M, Khan, YH, Khan, IA, Khan, A, Khan, MAB, Khanali, J, Khatatbeh, MM, Kashani, HRK, Khazaie, H, Khubchandani, J, Kifle, ZD, Kim, J, Kim, YJ, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kneib, CJ, Kompani, F, Koohestani, HR, Koul, PA, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, V, Bicer, BK, Kumar, N, Kumar, M, Kurmi, OP, Laflamme, L, Lam, J, Landires, I, Larijani, B, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, La Vecchia, C, Lee, SWH, Lee, YH, Lee, S-W, Lee, W-C, Legesse, SM, Li, S, Lim, SS, Lorenzovici, L, Luke, AO, Madadizadeh, F, Madureira-Carvalho, AM, Abd El Razek, MM, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahmoudi, R, Mahmoudimanesh, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Rad, EM, Malekpour, M-R, Malik, AA, Mallhi, TH, Malta, DC, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Mathews, E, Maulud, SQ, Mazingi, D, Nasab, EM, Mendoza-Cano, O, Menezes, RG, Mengistu, DA, Mentis, A-FA, Meretoja, A, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Gomide Nogueira de Sa, ACM, Miller, TR, Mirghaderi, SP, Mirica, A, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirza, M, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Mittal, C, Moberg, ME, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, S, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, TA, Mohseni, M, Mokdad, AH, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Moreira, RS, Morrison, SD, Mostafavi, E, Isfahani, HM, Mubarik, S, Muccioli, L, Mukherjee, S, Mulita, F, Mustafa, G, Nagarajan, AJ, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Nassereldine, H, Natto, ZS, Nayak, BP, Negoi, I, Nejadghaderi, SA, Nepal, S, Kandel, SN, Noroozi, N, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, OJ, Nzoputam, CI, Ochir, C, Odhiambo, JN, Odukoya, OO, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okonji, OC, Olagunju, AT, Bali, AO, Omer, E, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, SS, Otstavnov, N, Oumer, B, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, JR, Fallahy, MTP, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandi-Perumal, SR, Pardhan, S, Park, E-K, Patel, SK, Pathan, AR, Pati, S, Paudel, U, Pawar, S, Pedersini, P, Peres, MFP, Petcu, I-R, Phillips, MR, Pillay, JD, Piracha, ZZ, Poursadeqiyan, M, Pourtaheri, N, Qattea, I, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Raghav, PR, Rahim, F, Rahman, MA, Rahman, FS, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmani, S, Moolambally, SR, Ramazanu, S, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Rana, SM, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rashedi, V, Rashidi, M-M, Rastogi, P, Rasul, A, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, DL, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Rezaei, N, Rezaeian, M, Rezapour, A, Riad, A, Riaz, M, Rickard, J, Buendia Rodriguez, JA, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Roy, B, Manjula, S, Saad, AMA, Sabour, S, Sabzmakan, L, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, M, Saeb, MR, Saeed, U, Moghaddam, SS, Safi, SZ, Sahiledengle, B, Sahoo, H, Sahraian, MA, Saki, M, Salamati, P, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Saqib, MAN, Sarikhani, Y, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Saya, GK, Ceola Schneider, IJ, Schwebel, DC, Seddighi, H, Senthilkumaran, S, Seylani, A, Shabaninejad, H, Shafeghat, M, Shah, PA, Shahabi, S, Shahbandi, A, Shahraki-Sanavi, F, Shaikh, MA, Shaker, E, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Shanawaz, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharew, MMS, Sharma, N, Shashamo, BB, Shayan, M, Sheikhi, RA, Shen, J, Shetty, BSK, Shetty, PH, Shin, JI, Shitaye, NA, Shivakumar, KM, Shobeiri, P, Shorofi, SA, Shrestha, S, Siabani, S, Sidemo, NB, Simegn, W, Sinaei, E, Singh, P, Sinto, R, Siraj, MS, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sleet, DA, Chandan, SN, Socea, B, Solmi, M, Solomon, Y, Song, Y, Sousa, RARC, Soyiri, IN, Stokes, MA, Suleman, M, Abdulkader, RS, Sun, J, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabatabaei, SM, Tabish, M, Taheri, E, Soodejani, MT, Tampa, M, Tan, K-K, Tarigan, IU, Tariqujjaman, M, Tat, NY, Tat, VY, Tavakoli, A, Tefera, BN, Tefera, YM, Temesgen, G, Temsah, M-H, Thangaraju, P, Thapar, R, Thomas, NK, Ticoalu, JHV, Tincho, MB, Tiyuri, A, Togtmol, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Mai, TNT, Ullah, S, Ullah, I, Umakanthan, S, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Tahbaz, SV, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Vaziri, S, Veroux, M, Vervoort, D, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Linh, GV, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y, Wang, Y-P, Wang, C, Wiangkham, T, Wickramasinghe, ND, Woday, AT, Wu, A-M, Yahya, GAT, Jabbari, SHY, Yang, L, Yaya, S, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yisihak, E, Yonemoto, N, You, Y, Younis, MZ, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Yusefi, H, Zahir, M, Bin Zaman, S, Zare, I, Zarea, K, Zastrozhin, MS, Zhang, Z-J, Zhang, Y, Ziapour, A, Zodpey, S, Zoladl, M, Patton, GC, and Ivers, RQ
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10-24 years during the past three decades. METHODS: Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study, we analysed mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to transport and unintentional injuries for adolescents in 204 countries. Burden is reported in absolute numbers and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population by sex, age group (10-14, 15-19, and 20-24 years), and sociodemographic index (SDI) with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We report percentage changes in deaths and DALYs between 1990 and 2019. FINDINGS: In 2019, 369 061 deaths (of which 214 337 [58%] were transport related) and 31·1 million DALYs (of which 16·2 million [52%] were transport related) among adolescents aged 10-24 years were caused by transport and unintentional injuries combined. If compared with other causes, transport and unintentional injuries combined accounted for 25% of deaths and 14% of DALYs in 2019, and showed little improvement from 1990 when such injuries accounted for 26% of adolescent deaths and 17% of adolescent DALYs. Throughout adolescence, transport and unintentional injury fatality rates increased by age group. The unintentional injury burden was higher among males than females for all injury types, except for injuries related to fire, heat, and hot substances, or to adverse effects of medical treatment. From 1990 to 2019, global mortality rates declined by 34·4% (from 17·5 to 11·5 per 100 000) for transport injuries, and by 47·7% (from 15·9 to 8·3 per 100 000) for unintentional injuries. However, in low-SDI nations the absolute number of deaths increased (by 80·5% to 42 774 for transport injuries and by 39·4% to 31 961 for unintentional injuries). In the high-SDI quintile in 2010-19
Published: 2022

8. Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020

Author: Bryazka, D, Reitsma, MB, Griswold, MG, Abate, KH, Abbafati, C, Kangevari, MA, Kangevari, ZA, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdullah, AYM, Abhilash, ES, Abu Gharbieh, E, Acuna, JM, Addolorato, G, Adebayo, OM, Adekanmbi, V, Adhikari, K, Adhikari, S, Adnani, QES, Afzal, S, Agegnehu, WY, Aggarwal, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, AR, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Rashid, TA, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alam, MZ, Alem, DT, Alene, KA, Alimohamadi, Y, Alizadeh, A, Allel, K, Alonso, J, Alvand, S, Guzman, NA, Amare, F, Ameyaw, EK, Amiri, S, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, JA, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Arabloo, J, Arshad, M, Artamonov, AA, Aryan, Z, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, MA, Burt, TA, Athari, SS, Atnafu, DD, Atorkey, P, Atreya, A, Ausloos, F, Ausloos, M, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayinde, OO, Mateos, JLA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azanaw, MM, Khyavy, MA, Jafari, AA, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, SM, Bakshi, RK, Balchut, AH, Null, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Belo, L, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhala, N, Bhalla, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bintoro, BS, Blokhina, EAE, Bodicha, BBA, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Briko, NI, Brunoni, AR, Butt, ZA, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Cardenas, R, Carvalho, AF, Carvalho, M, Maia, JMC, Castelpietra, G, de Araujo, LFSC, Cattaruzza, MS, Chakraborty, PA, Charan, J, Chattu, VK, Chaurasia, A, Cherbuin, N, Dinh, TC, Chudal, N, Chung, SC, Churko, C, Ciobanu, LG, Cirillo, M, Claro, RM, Costanzo, S, Cowden, RG, Criqui, MH, Martins, NC, Culbreth, GT, Dachew, BA, Dadras, O, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daniel, BD, Danielewicz, A, Gela, JD, Davletov, K, de Araujo, JAP, de Sa Junior, AR, Debela, SA, Dehghan, A, Demetriades, AK, Molla, MD, Desai, R, Desta, AA, da Silva, DD, Diaz, D, Digesa, LE, Diress, M, Dodangeh, M, Dongarwar, D, Dorostkar, F, Dsouza, HL, Duko, B, Duncan, BB, Edvardsson, K, Ekholuenetale, M, Elgar, FJ, Elhadi, M, Elmonem, MA, Endries, AY, Eskandarieh, S, Etemadimanesh, A, Fagbamigbe, AF, Fakhradiyev, IR, Farahmand, F, Sa Farinha, CSE, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fatehizadeh, A, Fauk, NK, Feigin, VL, Feldman, R, Feng, X, Fentaw, Z, Ferrero, S, Desideri, LF, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Francis, JM, Franklin, RC, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gallus, S, Galvano, F, Ganesan, B, Garg, T, Gebrehiwot, MGD, Gebremeskel, TG, Gebremichael, MA, Gemechu, TR, Getacher, L, Getachew, ME, Obsa, AG, Getie, A, Ghaderi, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghajar, A, Ghamari, SH, Ghandour, LA, Nour, MG, Ghashghaee, A, Ghozy, S, Glozah, FN, Glushkova, EV, Godos, J, Goel, A, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golitaleb, M, Greaves, F, Grivna, M, Grosso, G, Gudayu, TW, Gupta, B, Gupta, R, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Nejad, NH, Mirzaian, AH, Hall, BJ, Halwani, R, Handiso, TB, Hankey, GJ, Hariri, S, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, A, Moghaddam, HH, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Hendrie, D, Herteliu, C, Heyi, DZ, Hezam, K, Hlongwa, MM, Holla, R, Hossain, MM, Hossain, S, Hosseini, SK, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hu, G, Huang, J, Hussain, S, Ibitoye, SE, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Immurana, M, Irham, LM, Islam, MM, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Iso, H, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jabbarinejad, R, Jacob, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jamalpoor, Z, Jamshidi, E, Jayapal, SK, Jayarajah, UU, Jayawardena, R, Jebai, R, Jeddi, SA, Jema, AT, Jha, RP, Jindal, HA, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabthymer, RH, Kamble, BD, Kandel, H, Kanno, GG, Kapoor, N, Karaye, IM, Karimi, SE, Kassa, BG, Kaur, RJ, Kayode, GA, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khan, IA, Ab Khan, M, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, MS, Kimokoti, RW, Kivimaki, M, Klymchuk, V, Knudsen, AKS, Kolahi, AA, Korshunov, VA, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Ben, L, Lallukka, T, Lasrado, S, Lau, J, Lee, SW, Lee, WC, Lee, YH, Lim, LL, Lim, SS, Lobo, SW, Lopukhov, PD, Lorkowski, S, Lozano, R, Lucchetti, G, Madadizadeh, F, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahumud, RA, Makki, A, Malekpour, MR, Manjunatha, N, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Raga, JM, Villa, FAM, Matzopoulos, R, Maulik, PK, Mayeli, M, McGrath, JJ, Meena, JK, Nasab, EM, Menezes, RG, Mensink, GBM, Mentis, AFA, Meretoja, A, Merga, BT, Mestrovic, T, Jonasson, JM, Miazgowski, B, de Sa, ACMGN, Miller, TR, Mini, G, Mirica, A, Mirijello, A, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirrakhimov, EM, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mobarakabadi, M, Moccia, M, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, E, Hafshejani, AM, Mohammed, TA, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Momtazmanesh, S, Moradi, Y, Mostafavi, E, Mubarik, S, Mullany, EC, Mulugeta, BT, Zamora, EM, Murray, CJL, Mwita, JC, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Nayak, BP, Negoi, I, Negoi, RI, Nejadghaderi, SA, Nepal, S, Neupane, SPP, Kandel, SN, Nigatu, YT, Nowroozi, A, Nuruzzaman, KM, Nzoputam, CI, Obamiro, KO, Ogbo, FA, Oguntade, AS, Aliabad, HO, Olakunde, BO, Oliveira, GMM, Bali, AO, Omer, E, Altamirano, DVO, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, SS, Oumer, B, Mahesh, PA, Monedero, AP, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Jonas, SP, Pandey, A, Pardhan, S, Parekh, T, Park, EK, Parry, CDH, Kan, FP, Patel, J, Pati, S, Patton, GC, Paudel, U, Pawar, S, Peden, AE, Petcu, IR, Phillips, MR, Pinheiro, M, Plotnikov, E, Pradhan, PMS, Prashant, A, Quan, J, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Raghav, PR, Movaghar, VR, Rahman, A, Rahman, MM, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmani, S, Ranabhat, CL, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rasali, DP, Rashidi, MM, Ratan, ZA, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, S, Rezaeian, M, Riahi, SM, Rodriguez, ER, Roth, GA, Rwegerera, GM, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Sadeghian, R, Saeed, U, Saeedi, F, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Sahraian, MA, Rahman, KSU, Salahi, S, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, AM, Sanmarchi, F, Milicevic, MMS, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Saya, GK, Sayyah, M, Schmidt, MI, Schutte, AE, Schwarzinger, M, Schwebel, DC, Seidu, AA, Kumar, NS, SeyedAlinaghi, S, Seylani, A, Sha, F, Shahin, S, Sanavi, FS, Shahrokhi, S, Shaikh, MA, Shaker, E, Shakhmardanov, MZ, Beyranvand, MS, Sheikhbahaei, S, Sheikhi, RA, Shetty, A, Shetty, JK, Shiferaw, DS, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shivarov, V, Shobeiri, P, Shrestha, R, Sidemo, NB, Sigfusdottir, ID, Silva, DAS, da Silva, NT, Singh, JA, Singh, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sleet, DA, Solmi, M, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Song, Y, Sorensen, RJD, Soshnikov, S, Soyiri, IN, Stein, DJ, Subba, SH, Szocska, M, Seisdedos, RT, Tabuchi, T, Taheri, M, Tan, KK, Tareke, M, Tarkang, EE, Temesgen, G, Temesgen, WA, Temsah, MH, Thankappan, KR, Thapar, R, Thomas, NK, Tiruneh, C, Todorovic, J, Torrado, M, Touvier, M, Palone, MRT, Mai, TNT, Llimos, ST, Tripathy, JP, Vakilian, A, Valizadeh, R, Varmaghani, M, Varthya, SB, Vasankari, TJ, Vos, T, Wagaye, B, Waheed, Y, Walde, MT, Wang, C, Wang, Y, Wang, YP, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, ND, Wubetu, AD, Xu, S, Yamagishi, K, Yang, L, Yesera, GEE, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yimaw, AE, Yon, DK, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zadey, S, Zahir, M, Zare, I, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, ZJ, Zhong, C, Zmaili, M, Zuniga, YMH, Gakidou, E, Madureira-Carvalho, AM, Bryazka, D, Reitsma, MB, Griswold, MG, Abate, KH, Abbafati, C, Kangevari, MA, Kangevari, ZA, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdullah, AYM, Abhilash, ES, Abu Gharbieh, E, Acuna, JM, Addolorato, G, Adebayo, OM, Adekanmbi, V, Adhikari, K, Adhikari, S, Adnani, QES, Afzal, S, Agegnehu, WY, Aggarwal, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, AR, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Rashid, TA, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alam, MZ, Alem, DT, Alene, KA, Alimohamadi, Y, Alizadeh, A, Allel, K, Alonso, J, Alvand, S, Guzman, NA, Amare, F, Ameyaw, EK, Amiri, S, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, JA, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Arabloo, J, Arshad, M, Artamonov, AA, Aryan, Z, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, MA, Burt, TA, Athari, SS, Atnafu, DD, Atorkey, P, Atreya, A, Ausloos, F, Ausloos, M, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayinde, OO, Mateos, JLA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azanaw, MM, Khyavy, MA, Jafari, AA, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, SM, Bakshi, RK, Balchut, AH, Null, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Belo, L, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhala, N, Bhalla, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bintoro, BS, Blokhina, EAE, Bodicha, BBA, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Briko, NI, Brunoni, AR, Butt, ZA, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Cardenas, R, Carvalho, AF, Carvalho, M, Maia, JMC, Castelpietra, G, de Araujo, LFSC, Cattaruzza, MS, Chakraborty, PA, Charan, J, Chattu, VK, Chaurasia, A, Cherbuin, N, Dinh, TC, Chudal, N, Chung, SC, Churko, C, Ciobanu, LG, Cirillo, M, Claro, RM, Costanzo, S, Cowden, RG, Criqui, MH, Martins, NC, Culbreth, GT, Dachew, BA, Dadras, O, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daniel, BD, Danielewicz, A, Gela, JD, Davletov, K, de Araujo, JAP, de Sa Junior, AR, Debela, SA, Dehghan, A, Demetriades, AK, Molla, MD, Desai, R, Desta, AA, da Silva, DD, Diaz, D, Digesa, LE, Diress, M, Dodangeh, M, Dongarwar, D, Dorostkar, F, Dsouza, HL, Duko, B, Duncan, BB, Edvardsson, K, Ekholuenetale, M, Elgar, FJ, Elhadi, M, Elmonem, MA, Endries, AY, Eskandarieh, S, Etemadimanesh, A, Fagbamigbe, AF, Fakhradiyev, IR, Farahmand, F, Sa Farinha, CSE, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fatehizadeh, A, Fauk, NK, Feigin, VL, Feldman, R, Feng, X, Fentaw, Z, Ferrero, S, Desideri, LF, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Francis, JM, Franklin, RC, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gallus, S, Galvano, F, Ganesan, B, Garg, T, Gebrehiwot, MGD, Gebremeskel, TG, Gebremichael, MA, Gemechu, TR, Getacher, L, Getachew, ME, Obsa, AG, Getie, A, Ghaderi, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghajar, A, Ghamari, SH, Ghandour, LA, Nour, MG, Ghashghaee, A, Ghozy, S, Glozah, FN, Glushkova, EV, Godos, J, Goel, A, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golitaleb, M, Greaves, F, Grivna, M, Grosso, G, Gudayu, TW, Gupta, B, Gupta, R, Gupta, S, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Nejad, NH, Mirzaian, AH, Hall, BJ, Halwani, R, Handiso, TB, Hankey, GJ, Hariri, S, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, A, Moghaddam, HH, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Hendrie, D, Herteliu, C, Heyi, DZ, Hezam, K, Hlongwa, MM, Holla, R, Hossain, MM, Hossain, S, Hosseini, SK, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hu, G, Huang, J, Hussain, S, Ibitoye, SE, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Immurana, M, Irham, LM, Islam, MM, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Iso, H, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jabbarinejad, R, Jacob, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jamalpoor, Z, Jamshidi, E, Jayapal, SK, Jayarajah, UU, Jayawardena, R, Jebai, R, Jeddi, SA, Jema, AT, Jha, RP, Jindal, HA, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabthymer, RH, Kamble, BD, Kandel, H, Kanno, GG, Kapoor, N, Karaye, IM, Karimi, SE, Kassa, BG, Kaur, RJ, Kayode, GA, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khan, IA, Ab Khan, M, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, MS, Kimokoti, RW, Kivimaki, M, Klymchuk, V, Knudsen, AKS, Kolahi, AA, Korshunov, VA, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Ben, L, Lallukka, T, Lasrado, S, Lau, J, Lee, SW, Lee, WC, Lee, YH, Lim, LL, Lim, SS, Lobo, SW, Lopukhov, PD, Lorkowski, S, Lozano, R, Lucchetti, G, Madadizadeh, F, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahumud, RA, Makki, A, Malekpour, MR, Manjunatha, N, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Raga, JM, Villa, FAM, Matzopoulos, R, Maulik, PK, Mayeli, M, McGrath, JJ, Meena, JK, Nasab, EM, Menezes, RG, Mensink, GBM, Mentis, AFA, Meretoja, A, Merga, BT, Mestrovic, T, Jonasson, JM, Miazgowski, B, de Sa, ACMGN, Miller, TR, Mini, G, Mirica, A, Mirijello, A, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirrakhimov, EM, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mobarakabadi, M, Moccia, M, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, E, Hafshejani, AM, Mohammed, TA, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Momtazmanesh, S, Moradi, Y, Mostafavi, E, Mubarik, S, Mullany, EC, Mulugeta, BT, Zamora, EM, Murray, CJL, Mwita, JC, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Nayak, BP, Negoi, I, Negoi, RI, Nejadghaderi, SA, Nepal, S, Neupane, SPP, Kandel, SN, Nigatu, YT, Nowroozi, A, Nuruzzaman, KM, Nzoputam, CI, Obamiro, KO, Ogbo, FA, Oguntade, AS, Aliabad, HO, Olakunde, BO, Oliveira, GMM, Bali, AO, Omer, E, Altamirano, DVO, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, SS, Oumer, B, Mahesh, PA, Monedero, AP, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Jonas, SP, Pandey, A, Pardhan, S, Parekh, T, Park, EK, Parry, CDH, Kan, FP, Patel, J, Pati, S, Patton, GC, Paudel, U, Pawar, S, Peden, AE, Petcu, IR, Phillips, MR, Pinheiro, M, Plotnikov, E, Pradhan, PMS, Prashant, A, Quan, J, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Raghav, PR, Movaghar, VR, Rahman, A, Rahman, MM, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmani, S, Ranabhat, CL, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rasali, DP, Rashidi, MM, Ratan, ZA, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, S, Rezaeian, M, Riahi, SM, Rodriguez, ER, Roth, GA, Rwegerera, GM, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Sadeghian, R, Saeed, U, Saeedi, F, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Sahraian, MA, Rahman, KSU, Salahi, S, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, AM, Sanmarchi, F, Milicevic, MMS, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Saya, GK, Sayyah, M, Schmidt, MI, Schutte, AE, Schwarzinger, M, Schwebel, DC, Seidu, AA, Kumar, NS, SeyedAlinaghi, S, Seylani, A, Sha, F, Shahin, S, Sanavi, FS, Shahrokhi, S, Shaikh, MA, Shaker, E, Shakhmardanov, MZ, Beyranvand, MS, Sheikhbahaei, S, Sheikhi, RA, Shetty, A, Shetty, JK, Shiferaw, DS, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shivarov, V, Shobeiri, P, Shrestha, R, Sidemo, NB, Sigfusdottir, ID, Silva, DAS, da Silva, NT, Singh, JA, Singh, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sleet, DA, Solmi, M, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Song, Y, Sorensen, RJD, Soshnikov, S, Soyiri, IN, Stein, DJ, Subba, SH, Szocska, M, Seisdedos, RT, Tabuchi, T, Taheri, M, Tan, KK, Tareke, M, Tarkang, EE, Temesgen, G, Temesgen, WA, Temsah, MH, Thankappan, KR, Thapar, R, Thomas, NK, Tiruneh, C, Todorovic, J, Torrado, M, Touvier, M, Palone, MRT, Mai, TNT, Llimos, ST, Tripathy, JP, Vakilian, A, Valizadeh, R, Varmaghani, M, Varthya, SB, Vasankari, TJ, Vos, T, Wagaye, B, Waheed, Y, Walde, MT, Wang, C, Wang, Y, Wang, YP, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, ND, Wubetu, AD, Xu, S, Yamagishi, K, Yang, L, Yesera, GEE, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yimaw, AE, Yon, DK, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zadey, S, Zahir, M, Zare, I, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, ZJ, Zhong, C, Zmaili, M, Zuniga, YMH, Gakidou, E, and Madureira-Carvalho, AM
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. METHODS: For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose-response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020 for 21 regions, including 204 countries and territories, by 5-year age group, sex, and year for individuals aged 15-95 years and older from 1990 to 2020. Based on the NDE, we quantified the population consuming harmful amounts of alcohol. FINDINGS: The burden-weighted relative risk curves for alcohol use varied by region and age. Among individuals aged 15-39 years in 2020, the TMREL varied between 0 (95% uncertainty interval 0-0) and 0·603 (0·400-1·00) standard drinks per day, and the NDE varied between 0·002 (0-0) and 1·75 (0·698-4·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals aged 40 years and older, the burden-weighted relative risk curve was J-shaped for all regions, with a 2020 TMREL that ranged from 0·114 (0-0·403) to 1·87 (0·500-3·30) standard drinks per day and an NDE that ranged between 0·193 (0-0·900) and 6·94 (3·40-8·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals consuming harmful amounts of alcohol in 2020, 59·1% (54·3-65·4) were aged 15-39 years and 76·9% (73·0-81·3) were male. INTERPRETATION: There is strong evidence to support recommendations on alcohol consumption varying by age and location. Stronger interventions, particularly those tailored towards younger individuals, are needed to reduce the substantial global health loss attribu
Published: 2022

9. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Author: Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik, JM, Compton, K, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Gaw, BL, Harvey, JD, Henrikson, HJ, Lu, D, Pennini, A, Xu, R, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Bjørge, T, Bleyer, A, Blyuss, O, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Ababneh, E, Braithwaite, D, Brar, A, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, Caetano Dos Santos, FL, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catalá-López, F, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Chakinala, RC, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, P, Chimed-Ochir, O, Cho, DY, Christopher, DJ, Abbastabar, H, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Conde, J, Cortés, S, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Cunha, AR, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dahlawi, SMA, Abd-Elsalam, SM, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Darwesh, AM, das Neves, J, De la Hoz, FP, Demis, AB, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Abdoli, A, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Do, HP, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, Dos Santos Figueiredo, FW, Driscoll, TR, Ebrahimi, H, Abedi, A, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, SI, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Abidi, H, Etemadi, A, Ezzikouri, S, Faisaluddin, M, Faraon, EJA, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Feroze, AH, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Abolhassani, H, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gadanya, MA, Gallus, S, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Getachew Obsa, A, Adedeji, IA, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Gizaw, ATT, Glasbey, JC, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Adnani, QES, Gomez, RS, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Grosso, G, Gubari, MIM, Guerra, MR, Guha, A, Gunasekera, DS, Gupta, B, Advani, SM, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Gutiérrez, RA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haider, MR, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Afzal, MS, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harlianto, NI, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, AI, Hassanipour, S, Hay, RJ, Hay, SI, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Aghaali, M, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, BY, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, MM, Hossain, MBH, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hugo, FN, Hussain, R, Hussein, NR, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Ahmad, S, Ibitoye, SE, Ida, F, Ikuta, KS, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irham, LM, Islam, JY, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Ahmad, T, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, MB, Javaheri, T, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, SB, Jha, RP, Ahmadi, A, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jürisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahrizi, D, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kaliyadan, F, Ahmadi, S, Kalkonde, Y, Kamath, A, Kameran Al-Salihi, N, Kandel, H, Kapoor, N, Karch, A, Kasa, AS, Katikireddi, SV, Kauppila, JH, Kavetskyy, T, Ahmed Rashid, T, Kebede, SA, Keshavarz, P, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khalilov, R, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khan, MAB, Khang, Y-H, Ahmed Salih, Y, Khater, AM, Khayamzadeh, M, Kim, GR, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kopec, JA, Koteeswaran, R, Koul, PA, Akalu, GT, Koulmane Laxminarayana, SL, Koyanagi, A, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kurmi, OP, Kutluk, T, La Vecchia, C, Aklilu, A, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lauriola, P, Lee, S-W, Lee, SWH, Lee, W-C, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, J, Akram, T, Li, M-C, Liu, X, Loureiro, JA, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malik, AA, Mansournia, MA, Akunna, CJ, Martini, S, Masoumi, SZ, Mathur, P, McKee, M, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Al Hamad, H, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, HR, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Alahdab, F, Mohammad, KA, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Al-Aly, Z, Moni, MA, Moosavi, MA, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, SD, Mosapour, A, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nagarajan, AJ, Ali, S, Nagaraju, SP, Nagata, C, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Narasimha Swamy, S, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, SO, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Alimohamadi, Y, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Niazi, RK, Nnaji, CA, Noor, NM, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, CI, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Alipour, V, Odukoya, OO, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Omar, E, Omar Bali, A, Omonisi, AEE, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Orru, H, Aljunid, SM, Ortega-Altamirano, DV, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, P A, M, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Panagiotakos, D, Panda-Jonas, S, Alkhayyat, M, Pardhan, S, Park, E-C, Park, E-K, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Patel, HK, Patel, JR, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, U, Pereira, DM, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Pereira, RB, Perianayagam, A, Pillay, JD, Pirouzpanah, S, Pishgar, F, Podder, I, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Prashant, A, Preotescu, L, Almasri, NA, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, RA, Radhakrishnan, V, Rafiee, A, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Al-Maweri, SAA, Rahmani, AM, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Rakovac, I, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Almustanyir, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, MS, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Roberts, TJ, Rodriguez, JAB, Rohloff, P, Romoli, M, Alonso, N, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, GM, S, M, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Salehi, S, Alvis-Guzman, N, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sankararaman, S, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sardiwalla, Y, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Amu, H, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Schneider, IJC, Sekerija, M, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaghaghi, Z, Shaikh, MA, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Anbesu, EW, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, JK, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shivarov, V, Ancuceanu, R, Siabani, S, Siddappa Malleshappa, SK, Silva, DAS, Singh, JA, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soeberg, MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sotoudeh, H, Ansari, F, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Sultan, I, Sultana, S, Sur, D, Szerencsés, V, Szócska, M, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Talaat, IM, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tedla, BAA, Tefera, YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Antwi, MH, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, GA, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V, Thomas, N, Tohidinik, HR, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Anvari, D, Traini, E, Tran, BX, Tran, KB, Tran, MTN, Tripathy, JP, Tusa, BS, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, KK, Unnikrishnan, B, Anyasodor, AE, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Velazquez, DZ, Veroux, M, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Volovici, V, Aqeel, M, Vu, GT, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Ward, P, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Winkler, AS, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, SH, Yang, L, Arabloo, J, Yaya, S, Yazie, TSY, Yeshaw, Y, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Arab-Zozani, M, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhong, C, Zhou, L, Zhu, C, Ziapour, A, Zimmermann, IR, Fitzmaurice, C, Aremu, O, Murray, CJL, Force, LM, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Asemi, Z, Asghari Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Atorkey, P, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Awedew, AF, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayenew, T, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azari Jafari, A, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bärnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Behzadifar, M, Belgaumi, UI, Bezabhe, WMM, Bezabih, YM, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik, JM, Compton, K, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Gaw, BL, Harvey, JD, Henrikson, HJ, Lu, D, Pennini, A, Xu, R, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Bjørge, T, Bleyer, A, Blyuss, O, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Ababneh, E, Braithwaite, D, Brar, A, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, Caetano Dos Santos, FL, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catalá-López, F, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Chakinala, RC, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, P, Chimed-Ochir, O, Cho, DY, Christopher, DJ, Abbastabar, H, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Conde, J, Cortés, S, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Cunha, AR, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dahlawi, SMA, Abd-Elsalam, SM, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Darwesh, AM, das Neves, J, De la Hoz, FP, Demis, AB, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Abdoli, A, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Do, HP, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, Dos Santos Figueiredo, FW, Driscoll, TR, Ebrahimi, H, Abedi, A, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, SI, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Abidi, H, Etemadi, A, Ezzikouri, S, Faisaluddin, M, Faraon, EJA, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Feroze, AH, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Abolhassani, H, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gadanya, MA, Gallus, S, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Getachew Obsa, A, Adedeji, IA, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Gizaw, ATT, Glasbey, JC, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Adnani, QES, Gomez, RS, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Grosso, G, Gubari, MIM, Guerra, MR, Guha, A, Gunasekera, DS, Gupta, B, Advani, SM, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Gutiérrez, RA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haider, MR, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Afzal, MS, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harlianto, NI, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, AI, Hassanipour, S, Hay, RJ, Hay, SI, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Aghaali, M, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, BY, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, MM, Hossain, MBH, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hugo, FN, Hussain, R, Hussein, NR, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Ahmad, S, Ibitoye, SE, Ida, F, Ikuta, KS, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irham, LM, Islam, JY, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Ahmad, T, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, MB, Javaheri, T, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, SB, Jha, RP, Ahmadi, A, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jürisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahrizi, D, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kaliyadan, F, Ahmadi, S, Kalkonde, Y, Kamath, A, Kameran Al-Salihi, N, Kandel, H, Kapoor, N, Karch, A, Kasa, AS, Katikireddi, SV, Kauppila, JH, Kavetskyy, T, Ahmed Rashid, T, Kebede, SA, Keshavarz, P, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khalilov, R, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khan, MAB, Khang, Y-H, Ahmed Salih, Y, Khater, AM, Khayamzadeh, M, Kim, GR, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kopec, JA, Koteeswaran, R, Koul, PA, Akalu, GT, Koulmane Laxminarayana, SL, Koyanagi, A, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kurmi, OP, Kutluk, T, La Vecchia, C, Aklilu, A, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lauriola, P, Lee, S-W, Lee, SWH, Lee, W-C, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, J, Akram, T, Li, M-C, Liu, X, Loureiro, JA, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malik, AA, Mansournia, MA, Akunna, CJ, Martini, S, Masoumi, SZ, Mathur, P, McKee, M, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Al Hamad, H, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, HR, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Alahdab, F, Mohammad, KA, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Al-Aly, Z, Moni, MA, Moosavi, MA, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, SD, Mosapour, A, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nagarajan, AJ, Ali, S, Nagaraju, SP, Nagata, C, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Narasimha Swamy, S, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, SO, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Alimohamadi, Y, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Niazi, RK, Nnaji, CA, Noor, NM, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, CI, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Alipour, V, Odukoya, OO, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Omar, E, Omar Bali, A, Omonisi, AEE, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Orru, H, Aljunid, SM, Ortega-Altamirano, DV, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, P A, M, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Panagiotakos, D, Panda-Jonas, S, Alkhayyat, M, Pardhan, S, Park, E-C, Park, E-K, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Patel, HK, Patel, JR, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, U, Pereira, DM, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Pereira, RB, Perianayagam, A, Pillay, JD, Pirouzpanah, S, Pishgar, F, Podder, I, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Prashant, A, Preotescu, L, Almasri, NA, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, RA, Radhakrishnan, V, Rafiee, A, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Al-Maweri, SAA, Rahmani, AM, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Rakovac, I, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Almustanyir, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, MS, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Roberts, TJ, Rodriguez, JAB, Rohloff, P, Romoli, M, Alonso, N, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, GM, S, M, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Salehi, S, Alvis-Guzman, N, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sankararaman, S, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sardiwalla, Y, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Amu, H, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Schneider, IJC, Sekerija, M, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaghaghi, Z, Shaikh, MA, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Anbesu, EW, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, JK, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shivarov, V, Ancuceanu, R, Siabani, S, Siddappa Malleshappa, SK, Silva, DAS, Singh, JA, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soeberg, MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sotoudeh, H, Ansari, F, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Sultan, I, Sultana, S, Sur, D, Szerencsés, V, Szócska, M, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Talaat, IM, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tedla, BAA, Tefera, YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Antwi, MH, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, GA, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V, Thomas, N, Tohidinik, HR, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Anvari, D, Traini, E, Tran, BX, Tran, KB, Tran, MTN, Tripathy, JP, Tusa, BS, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, KK, Unnikrishnan, B, Anyasodor, AE, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Velazquez, DZ, Veroux, M, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Volovici, V, Aqeel, M, Vu, GT, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Ward, P, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Winkler, AS, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, SH, Yang, L, Arabloo, J, Yaya, S, Yazie, TSY, Yeshaw, Y, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Arab-Zozani, M, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhong, C, Zhou, L, Zhu, C, Ziapour, A, Zimmermann, IR, Fitzmaurice, C, Aremu, O, Murray, CJL, Force, LM, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Asemi, Z, Asghari Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Atorkey, P, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Awedew, AF, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayenew, T, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azari Jafari, A, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bärnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Behzadifar, M, Belgaumi, UI, Bezabhe, WMM, Bezabih, YM, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, and Bhattacharyya, K
Abstract: Importance: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. Objective: To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. Evidence Review: The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings: In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low
Published: 2022

10. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019:A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik, JM, Compton, K, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Gaw, BL, Harvey, JD, Henrikson, HJ, Lu, D, Pennini, A, Xu, R, Ababneh, E, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Elsalam, SM, Abdoli, A, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Abolhassani, H, Adedeji, IA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Aghaali, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed Rashid, T, Ahmed Salih, Y, Akalu, GT, Aklilu, A, Akram, T, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Ali, S, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Alkhayyat, M, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, NA, Al-Maweri, SAA, Almustanyir, S, Alonso, N, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amu, H, Anbesu, EW, Ancuceanu, R, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antwi, MH, Anvari, D, Anyasodor, AE, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Asemi, Z, Asghari Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Atorkey, P, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Awedew, AF, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayenew, T, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azari Jafari, A, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bärnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Behzadifar, M, Belgaumi, UI, Bezabhe, WMM, Bezabih, YM, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Bjørge, T, Bleyer, A, Blyuss, O, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Braithwaite, D, Brar, A, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, Caetano Dos Santos, FL, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catalá-López, F, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Chakinala, RC, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, P, Chimed-Ochir, O, Cho, DY, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Conde, J, Cortés, S, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Cunha, AR, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Darwesh, AM, Das Neves, J, De la Hoz, FP, Demis, AB, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Do, HP, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, Dos Santos Figueiredo, FW, Driscoll, TR, Ebrahimi, H, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, SI, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Etemadi, A, Ezzikouri, S, Faisaluddin, M, Faraon, EJA, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Feroze, AH, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gadanya, MA, Gallus, S, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Gizaw, ATT, Glasbey, JC, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Gomez, RS, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Grosso, G, Gubari, MIM, Guerra, MR, Guha, A, Gunasekera, DS, Gupta, B, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Gutiérrez, RA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haider, MR, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harlianto, NI, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, AI, Hassanipour, S, Hay, RJ, Hay, SI, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, BY, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, MM, Hossain, MBH, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hugo, FN, Hussain, R, Hussein, NR, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, SE, Ida, F, Ikuta, KS, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irham, LM, Islam, JY, Islam, RM, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, MB, Javaheri, T, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, SB, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jürisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahrizi, D, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kaliyadan, F, Kalkonde, Y, Kamath, A, Kameran Al-Salihi, N, Kandel, H, Kapoor, N, Karch, A, Kasa, AS, Katikireddi, SV, Kauppila, JH, Kavetskyy, T, Kebede, SA, Keshavarz, P, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khalilov, R, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khan, MAB, Khang, Y-H, Khater, AM, Khayamzadeh, M, Kim, GR, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kopec, JA, Koteeswaran, R, Koul, PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana, SL, Koyanagi, A, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kurmi, OP, Kutluk, T, La Vecchia, C, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lauriola, P, Lee, S-W, Lee, SWH, Lee, W-C, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, J, Li, M-C, Liu, X, Loureiro, JA, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malik, AA, Mansournia, MA, Martini, S, Masoumi, SZ, Mathur, P, McKee, M, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, HR, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammad, KA, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Moosavi, MA, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, SD, Mosapour, A, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nagarajan, AJ, Nagaraju, SP, Nagata, C, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Narasimha Swamy, S, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, SO, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Niazi, RK, Nnaji, CA, Noor, NM, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, CI, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Odukoya, OO, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Omar, E, Omar Bali, A, Omonisi, AEE, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Orru, H, Ortega-Altamirano, DV, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, P A, M, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Panagiotakos, D, Panda-Jonas, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E-C, Park, E-K, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Patel, HK, Patel, JR, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, U, Pereira, DM, Pereira, RB, Perianayagam, A, Pillay, JD, Pirouzpanah, S, Pishgar, F, Podder, I, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Prashant, A, Preotescu, L, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, RA, Radhakrishnan, V, Rafiee, A, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Rahmani, AM, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Rakovac, I, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, MS, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Roberts, TJ, Rodriguez, JAB, Rohloff, P, Romoli, M, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, GM, S, M, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sankararaman, S, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sardiwalla, Y, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Schneider, IJC, Sekerija, M, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaghaghi, Z, Shaikh, MA, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, JK, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shivarov, V, Siabani, S, Siddappa Malleshappa, SK, Silva, DAS, Singh, JA, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soeberg, MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sotoudeh, H, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Sultan, I, Sultana, S, Sur, D, Szerencsés, V, Szócska, M, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Talaat, IM, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tedla, BAA, Tefera, YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, GA, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V, Thomas, N, Tohidinik, HR, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Tran, BX, Tran, KB, Tran, MTN, Tripathy, JP, Tusa, BS, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, KK, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Velazquez, DZ, Veroux, M, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Volovici, V, Vu, GT, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Ward, P, Wen, YF, Westerman, R, Winkler, AS, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, SH, Yang, L, Yaya, S, Yazie, TSY, Yeshaw, Y, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhong, C, Zhou, L, Zhu, C, Ziapour, A, Zimmermann, IR, Fitzmaurice, C, Murray, CJL, Force, LM, Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Kocarnik, J, Compton, K, Dean, F, Fu, W, Gaw, B, Harvey, J, Henrikson, H, Lu, D, Pennini, A, Xu, R, Ababneh, E, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdoli, A, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Abolhassani, H, Adedeji, I, Adnani, Q, Advani, S, Afzal, M, Aghaali, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed Rashid, T, Ahmed Salih, Y, Akalu, G, Aklilu, A, Akram, T, Akunna, C, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Ali, S, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alkhayyat, M, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, N, Al-Maweri, S, Almustanyir, S, Alonso, N, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amu, H, Anbesu, E, Ancuceanu, R, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antwi, M, Anvari, D, Anyasodor, A, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Asemi, Z, Asghari Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Atorkey, P, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Awedew, A, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayenew, T, Azab, M, Azadnajafabad, S, Azari Jafari, A, Azarian, G, Azzam, A, Badiye, A, Bahadory, S, Baig, A, Baker, J, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Barnighausen, T, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Behzadifar, M, Belgaumi, U, Bezabhe, W, Bezabih, Y, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, V, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Bjorge, T, Bleyer, A, Blyuss, O, Bolarinwa, O, Bolla, S, Braithwaite, D, Brar, A, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, M, Butt, N, Butt, Z, Caetano Dos Santos, F, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catala-Lopez, F, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Chakinala, R, Chattu, S, Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, P, Chimed-Ochir, O, Cho, D, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Chung, M, Conde, J, Cortes, S, Cortesi, P, Costa, V, Cunha, A, Dadras, O, Dagnew, A, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Darwesh, A, Das Neves, J, De La Hoz, F, Demis, A, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, Dos Santos Figueiredo, F, Driscoll, T, Ebrahimi, H, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, H, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Etemadi, A, Ezzikouri, S, Faisaluddin, M, Faraon, E, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Feroze, A, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gad, M, Gadanya, M, Gallus, S, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gilani, S, Ginindza, T, Gizaw, A, Glasbey, J, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Gomez, R, Gopalani, S, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Grosso, G, Gubari, M, Guerra, M, Guha, A, Gunasekera, D, Gupta, B, Gupta, V, Gutierrez, R, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haider, M, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, R, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harlianto, N, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hassanipour, S, Hay, R, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, B, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, M, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hugo, F, Hussain, R, Hussein, N, Hwang, B, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, S, Ida, F, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Irham, L, Islam, J, Islam, R, Islam, S, Ismail, N, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, M, Javaheri, T, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, S, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahrizi, D, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kaliyadan, F, Kalkonde, Y, Kamath, A, Kameran Al-Salihi, N, Kandel, H, Kapoor, N, Karch, A, Kasa, A, Katikireddi, S, Kauppila, J, Kavetskyy, T, Kebede, S, Keshavarz, P, Keykhaei, M, Khader, Y, Khalilov, R, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khang, Y, Khater, A, Khayamzadeh, M, Kim, G, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kopec, J, Koteeswaran, R, Koul, P, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kutluk, T, La Vecchia, C, Lami, F, Landires, I, Lauriola, P, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, J, Li, M, Liu, X, Loureiro, J, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malik, A, Mansournia, M, Martini, S, Masoumi, S, Mathur, P, Mckee, M, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Mesregah, M, Mestrovic, T, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Miller, T, Mirzaei, H, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammad, K, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, M, Moosavi, M, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morgado-Da-Costa, J, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nagarajan, A, Nagaraju, S, Nagata, C, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Naqvi, A, Narasimha Swamy, S, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, S, Negoi, I, Negru, S, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, H, Niazi, R, Nnaji, C, Noor, N, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, C, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Odukoya, O, Ogbo, F, Olagunju, A, Olakunde, B, Omar, E, Omar Bali, A, Omonisi, A, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, O, Orru, H, Ortega-Altamirano, D, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, P A, M, Padubidri, J, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Panagiotakos, D, Panda-Jonas, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Patel, H, Patel, J, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, S, Paudel, U, Pereira, D, Pereira, R, Perianayagam, A, Pillay, J, Pirouzpanah, S, Pishgar, F, Podder, I, Postma, M, Pourjafar, H, Prashant, A, Preotescu, L, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, R, Radhakrishnan, V, Rafiee, A, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Rakovac, I, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, M, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Roberts, T, Rodriguez, J, Rohloff, P, Romoli, M, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, G, Manjula, S, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Salehi, S, Salem, M, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sankararaman, S, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sardiwalla, Y, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Schneider, I, Sekerija, M, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaghaghi, Z, Shaikh, M, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, J, Shetty, P, Shibuya, K, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, K, Shivarov, V, Siabani, S, Siddappa Malleshappa, S, Silva, D, Singh, J, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Soeberg, M, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sotoudeh, H, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, M, Sultan, I, Sultana, S, Sur, D, Szerencses, V, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Talaat, I, Tan, K, Tat, V, Tedla, B, Tefera, Y, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M, Tesfay, F, Tessema, G, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V, Thomas, N, Tohidinik, H, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Traini, E, Tran, B, Tran, K, Tran, M, Tripathy, J, Tusa, B, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Umapathi, K, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Velazquez, D, Veroux, M, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Volovici, V, Vu, G, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Ward, P, Wen, Y, Westerman, R, Winkler, A, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yang, L, Yaya, S, Yazie, T, Yeshaw, Y, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zadnik, V, Zare, F, Zastrozhin, M, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, J, Zhong, C, Zhou, L, Zhu, C, Ziapour, A, Zimmermann, I, Fitzmaurice, C, Murray, C, Force, L, Kocarnik J.M., Compton K., Dean F.E., Fu W., Gaw B.L., Harvey J.D., Henrikson H.J., Lu D., Pennini A., Xu R., Ababneh E., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbastabar H., Abd-Elsalam S.M., Abdoli A., Abedi A., Abidi H., Abolhassani H., Adedeji I.A., Adnani Q.E.S., Advani S.M., Afzal M.S., Aghaali M., Ahinkorah B.O., Ahmad S., Ahmad T., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi S., Ahmed Rashid T., Ahmed Salih Y., Akalu G.T., Aklilu A., Akram T., Akunna C.J., Al Hamad H., Alahdab F., Al-Aly Z., Ali S., Alimohamadi Y., Alipour V., Aljunid S.M., Alkhayyat M., Almasi-Hashiani A., Almasri N.A., Al-Maweri S.A.A., Almustanyir S., Alonso N., Alvis-Guzman N., Amu H., Anbesu E.W., Ancuceanu R., Ansari F., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Antwi M.H., Anvari D., Anyasodor A.E., Aqeel M., 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F., Podder I., Postma M.J., Pourjafar H., Prashant A., Preotescu L., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Radfar A., Radhakrishnan R.A., Radhakrishnan V., Rafiee A., Rahim F., Rahimzadeh S., Rahman M., Rahman M.A., Rahmani A.M., Rajai N., Rajesh A., Rakovac I., Ram P., Ramezanzadeh K., Ranabhat K., Ranasinghe P., Rao C.R., Rao S.J., Rawassizadeh R., Razeghinia M.S., Renzaho A.M.N., Rezaei N., Rezapour A., Roberts T.J., Rodriguez J.A.B., Rohloff P., Romoli M., Ronfani L., Roshandel G., Rwegerera G.M., Manjula S., Sabour S., Saddik B., Saeed U., Sahebkar A., Sahoo H., Salehi S., Salem M.R., Salimzadeh H., Samaei M., Samy A.M., Sanabria J., Sankararaman S., Santric-Milicevic M.M., Sardiwalla Y., Sarveazad A., Sathian B., Sawhney M., Saylan M., Schneider I.J.J., Sekerija M., Seylani A., Shafaat O., Shaghaghi Z., Shaikh M.A., Shamsoddin E., Shannawaz M., Sharma R., Sheikh A., Sheikhbahaei S., Shetty A., Shetty J.K., Shetty P.H., Shibuya K., Shirkoohi R., Shivakumar K.M., Shivarov V., Siabani S., Siddappa Malleshappa S.K., Silva D.A.S., Singh J.A., Sintayehu Y., Skryabin V.Y., Skryabina A.A., Soeberg M.J., Sofi-Mahmudi A., Sotoudeh H., Steiropoulos P., Straif K., Subedi R., Sufiyan M.B., Sultan I., Sultana S., Sur D., Szerencses V., Szocska M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tabuchi T., Tadbiri H., Taherkhani A., Takahashi K., Talaat I.M., Tan K.-K., Tat V.Y., Tedla B.A.A., Tefera Y.G., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Temsah M., Tesfay F.H., Tessema G.A., Thapar R., Thavamani A., Thoguluva Chandrasekar V., Thomas N., Tohidinik H.R., Touvier M., Tovani-Palone M.R., Traini E., Tran B.X., Tran K.B., Tran M.T.N., Tripathy J.P., Tusa B.S., Ullah I., Ullah S., Umapathi K.K., Unnikrishnan B., Upadhyay E., Vacante M., Vaezi M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Velazquez D.Z., Veroux M., Violante F.S., Vlassov V., Vo B., Volovici V., Vu G.T., Waheed Y., Wamai R.G., Ward P., Wen Y.F., Westerman R., Winkler A.S., Yadav L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S.H., Yang L., Yaya S., Yazie T.S.Y., Yeshaw Y., Yonemoto N., Younis M.Z., Yousefi Z., Yu C., Yuce D., Yunusa I., Zadnik V., Zare F., Zastrozhin M.S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang J., Zhong C., Zhou L., Zhu C., Ziapour A., Zimmermann I.R., Fitzmaurice C., Murray C.J.L., Force L.M., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, Kuwait University (Kuwait), National University of Malaysia (Malasia), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (Alemania), NIH - National Cancer Institute (NCI) (Estados Unidos), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. European Research Council (ERC), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. H2020, Novo Nordisk Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), Jazan University (Arabia Saudí), Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education (Brasil), National Heart Foundation of Australia, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), NHS - Research Scotland (Reino Unido), Medical Research Council (Reino Unido), Scottish Government (Reino Unido), Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University (Bangladesh), Xiamen University (Malasia), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (India), Sistema Nacional de Investigación (Panamá), Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Panamá), King College London, National Health Service (Reino Unido), Government of the Russian Federation, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brasil), Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (Estados Unidos), Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal), Neurosurgery, Kocarnik, J. 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A., Narasimha Swamy, S., Ndejjo, R., Nduaguba, S. O., Negoi, I., Negru, S. M., Neupane Kandel, S., Nguyen, C. T., Nguyen, H. L. T., Niazi, R. K., Nnaji, C. A., Noor, N. M., Nunez-Samudio, V., Nzoputam, C. I., Oancea, B., Ochir, C., Odukoya, O. O., Ogbo, F. A., Olagunju, A. T., Olakunde, B. O., Omar, E., Omar Bali, A., Omonisi, A. E. E., Ong, S., Onwujekwe, O. E., Orru, H., Ortega-Altamirano, D. V., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S. S., Owolabi, M. O., P A, M., Padubidri, J. R., Pakshir, K., Pana, A., Panagiotakos, D., Panda-Jonas, S., Pardhan, S., Park, E. -C., Park, E. -K., Pashazadeh Kan, F., Patel, H. K., Patel, J. R., Pati, S., Pattanshetty, S. M., Paudel, U., Pereira, D. M., Pereira, R. B., Perianayagam, A., Pillay, J. D., Pirouzpanah, S., Pishgar, F., Podder, I., Postma, M. J., Pourjafar, H., Prashant, A., Preotescu, L., Rabiee, M., Rabiee, N., Radfar, A., Radhakrishnan, R. A., Radhakrishnan, V., Rafiee, A., Rahim, F., Rahimzadeh, S., Rahman, M., Rahman, M. A., Rahmani, A. M., Rajai, N., Rajesh, A., Rakovac, I., Ram, P., Ramezanzadeh, K., Ranabhat, K., Ranasinghe, P., Rao, C. R., Rao, S. J., Rawassizadeh, R., Razeghinia, M. S., Renzaho, A. M. N., Rezaei, N., Rezapour, A., Roberts, T. J., Rodriguez, J. A. B., Rohloff, P., Romoli, M., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Rwegerera, G. M., Manjula, S., Sabour, S., Saddik, B., Saeed, U., Sahebkar, A., Sahoo, H., Salehi, S., Salem, M. R., Salimzadeh, H., Samaei, M., Samy, A. M., Sanabria, J., Sankararaman, S., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Sardiwalla, Y., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Saylan, M., Schneider, I. J. C., Sekerija, M., Seylani, A., Shafaat, O., Shaghaghi, Z., Shaikh, M. A., Shamsoddin, E., Shannawaz, M., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A., Sheikhbahaei, S., Shetty, A., Shetty, J. K., Shetty, P. H., Shibuya, K., Shirkoohi, R., Shivakumar, K. M., Shivarov, V., Siabani, S., Siddappa Malleshappa, S. K., Silva, D. A. S., Singh, J. A., Sintayehu, Y., Skryabin, V. Y., Skryabina, A. A., Soeberg, M. J., Sofi-Mahmudi, A., Sotoudeh, H., Steiropoulos, P., Straif, K., Subedi, R., Sufiyan, M. B., Sultan, I., Sultana, S., Sur, D., Szerencses, V., Szocska, M., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Tabuchi, T., Tadbiri, H., Taherkhani, A., Takahashi, K., Talaat, I. M., Tan, K. -K., Tat, V. Y., Tedla, B. A. A., Tefera, Y. G., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Temsah, M. -H., Tesfay, F. H., Tessema, G. A., Thapar, R., Thavamani, A., Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V., Thomas, N., Tohidinik, H. R., Touvier, M., Tovani-Palone, M. R., Traini, E., Tran, B. X., Tran, K. B., Tran, M. T. N., Tripathy, J. P., Tusa, B. S., Ullah, I., Ullah, S., Umapathi, K. K., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Vacante, M., Vaezi, M., Valadan Tahbaz, S., Velazquez, D. Z., Veroux, M., Violante, F. S., Vlassov, V., Vo, B., Volovici, V., Vu, G. T., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R. G., Ward, P., Wen, Y. F., Westerman, R., Winkler, A. S., Yadav, L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S. H., Yang, L., Yaya, S., Yazie, T. S. Y., Yeshaw, Y., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M. Z., Yousefi, Z., Yu, C., Yuce, D., Yunusa, I., Zadnik, V., Zare, F., Zastrozhin, M. S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, J., Zhong, C., Zhou, L., Zhu, C., Ziapour, A., Zimmermann, I. R., Fitzmaurice, C., Murray, C. J. L., and Force, L. M.
Subjects: Cancer Research, GBD, 195 COUNTRIES, Global Health, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Global Burden of Disease, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, WORLDWIDE, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, SURVEILLANCE, SUPPORT, Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Prevalence, Online First, cancer, Humans, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, public health, cancer, burden of diseases, PROGRESS, Original Investigation, Global burden, Science & Technology, CHALLENGES, Research, Incidence, Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Onkologi: 762 [VDP], COVID-19, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Disability-Adjusted Life Years, mortality, STATISTICS, Oncology, Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019 A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, HEALTH-CARE, TERRITORIES, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Comments
Abstract: Key Points Question What was the burden of cancer globally and across Sociodemographic Index (SDI) groupings in 2019, and how has incidence, morbidity, and mortality changed since 2010? Findings In this systematic analysis, there were 23.6 million new global cancer cases in 2019 (17.2 million when excluding those with nonmelanoma skin cancer), 10.0 million cancer deaths, and an estimated 250 million disability-adjusted life years estimated to be due to cancer; since 2010, these represent increases of 26.3%, 20.9%, and 16.0%, respectively. Absolute cancer burden increased in all SDI quintiles since 2010, but the largest percentage increases occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. Meanings The study results suggest that increased cancer prevention and control efforts are needed to equitably address the evolving and increasing burden of cancer across the SDI spectrum., Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. Objective To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. Evidence Review The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world., The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 examines cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Socio-demographic Index quintiles from 2010 to 2019.
Published: 2022

11. Global, regional, and national burden of respiratory tract cancers and associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019 a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Ebrahimi, H, Aryan, Z, Moghaddam, SS, Bisignano, C, Rezaei, S, Pishgar, F, Force, LM, Abolhassani, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Advani, SM, Ahmad, S, Alahdab, F, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Amini, S, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Asaad, M, Ausloos, M, Awedew, AF, Baig, AA, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bjorge, T, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, ZA, Carreras, G, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Cohen, AJ, Compton, K, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dean, FE, Molla, MD, Desta, AA, Driscoll, TR, Faraon, EJA, Faris, PS, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fu, W, Gallus, S, Gebregiorgis, BG, Ghashghaee, A, Golechha, M, Gonfa, KB, Gorini, G, Garcia Goulart, BN, Ribeiro Guerra, M, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hamidi, S, Hay, SI, Herteliu, C, Hoang, CL, Horita, N, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Iavicoli, I, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irvani, SSN, Islami, F, Kamath, A, Kaur, S, Khalilov, R, Khan, EA, Kocarnik, JM, Bicer, BK, Kumar, GA, La Vecchia, C, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Leong, E, Li, B, Lim, SS, Lopez, AD, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Manafi, N, Menezes, RG, Miazgowski, T, Misra, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Molassiotis, A, Monasta, L, Moradzadeh, R, Morawska, L, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, SD, Naimzada, MD, Nazari, J, Cuong, TN, Huong, LTN, Nikbakhsh, R, Nunez-Samudio, V, Olagunju, AT, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Mahesh, PA, Pana, A, Park, E-K, Pottoo, FH, Pourshams, A, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahman, Aziz, Ram, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rezaei, N, Roberts, NLS, Roberts, TJ, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Samy, AM, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sathian, B, Schneider, IJC, Sekerija, M, Sepanlou, SG, Sha, F, Shaikh, MA, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Malleshappa, SKS, Singh, JA, Sitas, F, Spurlock, EE, Steiropoulos, P, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadesse, EG, Takahashi, K, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Tran, KB, Travillian, RS, Vacante, M, Villeneuve, PJ, Violante, FS, Yousefi, Z, Yuce, D, Zadnik, V, Zamanian, M, Zendehdel, K, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z-J, Farzadfar, F, Murray, CJL, Naghavi, M, Ebrahimi, H, Aryan, Z, Moghaddam, SS, Bisignano, C, Rezaei, S, Pishgar, F, Force, LM, Abolhassani, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Advani, SM, Ahmad, S, Alahdab, F, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Amini, S, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Asaad, M, Ausloos, M, Awedew, AF, Baig, AA, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bjorge, T, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, ZA, Carreras, G, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Cohen, AJ, Compton, K, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dean, FE, Molla, MD, Desta, AA, Driscoll, TR, Faraon, EJA, Faris, PS, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fu, W, Gallus, S, Gebregiorgis, BG, Ghashghaee, A, Golechha, M, Gonfa, KB, Gorini, G, Garcia Goulart, BN, Ribeiro Guerra, M, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hamidi, S, Hay, SI, Herteliu, C, Hoang, CL, Horita, N, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Iavicoli, I, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irvani, SSN, Islami, F, Kamath, A, Kaur, S, Khalilov, R, Khan, EA, Kocarnik, JM, Bicer, BK, Kumar, GA, La Vecchia, C, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Leong, E, Li, B, Lim, SS, Lopez, AD, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Manafi, N, Menezes, RG, Miazgowski, T, Misra, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Molassiotis, A, Monasta, L, Moradzadeh, R, Morawska, L, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, SD, Naimzada, MD, Nazari, J, Cuong, TN, Huong, LTN, Nikbakhsh, R, Nunez-Samudio, V, Olagunju, AT, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Mahesh, PA, Pana, A, Park, E-K, Pottoo, FH, Pourshams, A, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahman, Aziz, Ram, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rezaei, N, Roberts, NLS, Roberts, TJ, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Samy, AM, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sathian, B, Schneider, IJC, Sekerija, M, Sepanlou, SG, Sha, F, Shaikh, MA, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Malleshappa, SKS, Singh, JA, Sitas, F, Spurlock, EE, Steiropoulos, P, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadesse, EG, Takahashi, K, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Tran, KB, Travillian, RS, Vacante, M, Villeneuve, PJ, Violante, FS, Yousefi, Z, Yuce, D, Zadnik, V, Zamanian, M, Zendehdel, K, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z-J, Farzadfar, F, Murray, CJL, and Naghavi, M
Published: 2021

12. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Author: Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik, JM, Compton, K, Dean, FE, Fu, W, Gaw, BL, Harvey, JD, Henrikson, HJ, Lu, D, Pennini, A, Xu, R, Ababneh, E, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Elsalam, SM, Abdoli, A, Abedi, A, Abidi, H, Abolhassani, H, Adedeji, IA, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, MS, Aghaali, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed Rashid, T, Ahmed Salih, Y, Akalu, GT, Aklilu, A, Akram, T, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Ali, S, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Alkhayyat, M, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, NA, Al-Maweri, SAA, Almustanyir, S, Alonso, N, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amu, H, Anbesu, EW, Ancuceanu, R, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antwi, MH, Anvari, D, Anyasodor, AE, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Asemi, Z, Asghari Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Atorkey, P, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Awedew, AF, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayenew, T, Azab, MA, Azadnajafabad, S, Azari Jafari, A, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Badiye, AD, Bahadory, S, Baig, AA, Baker, JL, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bärnighausen, TW, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Behzadifar, M, Belgaumi, UI, Bezabhe, WMM, Bezabih, YM, Bhagat, DS, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, VS, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Bjørge, T, Bleyer, A, Blyuss, O, Bolarinwa, OA, Bolla, SR, Braithwaite, D, Brar, A, Brenner, H, Bustamante-Teixeira, MT, Butt, NS, Butt, ZA, Caetano Dos Santos, FL, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Catalá-López, F, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Chakinala, RC, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, P, Chimed-Ochir, O, Cho, DY, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, MT, Conde, J, Cortés, S, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Cunha, AR, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Darwesh, AM, das Neves, J, De la Hoz, FP, Demis, AB, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Do, HP, Doaei, S, Dorostkar, F, Dos Santos Figueiredo, FW, Driscoll, TR, Ebrahimi, H, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Tantawi, M, El-Abid, H, Elbarazi, I, Elhabashy, HR, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, SI, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Etemadi, A, Ezzikouri, S, Faisaluddin, M, Faraon, EJA, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Feroze, AH, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Gadanya, MA, Gallus, S, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gilani, SA, Ginindza, TG, Gizaw, ATT, Glasbey, JC, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Gomez, RS, Gopalani, SV, Gorini, G, Goudarzi, H, Grosso, G, Gubari, MIM, Guerra, MR, Guha, A, Gunasekera, DS, Gupta, B, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Gutiérrez, RA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haider, MR, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, RR, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harlianto, NI, Haro, JM, Hasaballah, AI, Hassanipour, S, Hay, RJ, Hay, SI, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Herrera-Serna, BY, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, MM, Hossain, MBH, Hosseini, M-S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huang, J, Hugo, FN, Hussain, R, Hussein, NR, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, SE, Ida, F, Ikuta, KS, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Irham, LM, Islam, JY, Islam, RM, Islam, Shariful, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Jacob, L, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, MB, Javaheri, T, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, SB, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jürisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahrizi, D, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kaliyadan, F, Kalkonde, Y, Kamath, A, Kameran Al-Salihi, N, Kandel, H, Kapoor, N, Karch, A, Kasa, AS, Katikireddi, SV, Kauppila, JH, Kavetskyy, T, Kebede, SA, Keshavarz, P, Keykhaei, M, Khader, YS, Khalilov, R, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khan, MAB, Khang, Y-H, Khater, AM, Khayamzadeh, M, Kim, GR, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kopec, JA, Koteeswaran, R, Koul, PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana, SL, Koyanagi, A, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kurmi, OP, Kutluk, T, La Vecchia, C, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lauriola, P, Lee, S-W, Lee, SWH, Lee, W-C, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, J, Li, M-C, Liu, X, Loureiro, JA, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Male, S, Malik, AA, Mansournia, MA, Martini, S, Masoumi, SZ, Mathur, P, McKee, M, Mehrotra, R, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, HR, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammad, KA, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moka, N, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Moosavi, MA, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, SD, Mosapour, A, Mubarik, S, Mwanri, L, Nagarajan, AJ, Nagaraju, SP, Nagata, C, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Narasimha Swamy, S, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, SO, Negoi, I, Negru, SM, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Niazi, RK, Nnaji, CA, Noor, NM, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, CI, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Odukoya, OO, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Omar, E, Omar Bali, A, Omonisi, AEE, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, OE, Orru, H, Ortega-Altamirano, DV, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, P A, M, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Panagiotakos, D, Panda-Jonas, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E-C, Park, E-K, Pashazadeh Kan, F, Patel, HK, Patel, JR, Pati, S, Pattanshetty, SM, Paudel, U, Pereira, DM, Pereira, RB, Perianayagam, A, Pillay, JD, Pirouzpanah, S, Pishgar, F, Podder, I, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Prashant, A, Preotescu, L, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, RA, Radhakrishnan, V, Rafiee, A, Rahim, F, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, M, Rahman, MA, Rahmani, AM, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Rakovac, I, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, MS, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Roberts, TJ, Rodriguez, JAB, Rohloff, P, Romoli, M, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, GM, S, M, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sankararaman, S, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sardiwalla, Y, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Schneider, IJC, Sekerija, M, Seylani, A, Shafaat, O, Shaghaghi, Z, Shaikh, MA, Shamsoddin, E, Shannawaz, M, Sharma, R, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, JK, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, KM, Shivarov, V, Siabani, S, Siddappa Malleshappa, SK, Silva, DAS, Singh, JA, Sintayehu, Y, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soeberg, MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sotoudeh, H, Steiropoulos, P, Straif, K, Subedi, R, Sufiyan, MB, Sultan, I, Sultana, S, Sur, D, Szerencsés, V, Szócska, M, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taherkhani, A, Takahashi, K, Talaat, IM, Tan, K-K, Tat, VY, Tedla, BAA, Tefera, YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, 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Abstract: Importance: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. Objective: To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. Evidence Review: The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings: In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low
Published: 2021

13. Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Paulson, KR, Kamath, AM, Alam, T, Bienhoff, K, Abady, GG, Abbas, J, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abd-Elsalam, SM, Abdoli, A, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abu-Rmeileh, NME, Abushouk, A, Adamu, AL, Adebayo, OM, Adegbosin, AE, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adeyinka, DA, Adsuar, JC, Afshari, K, Aghaali, M, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, MB, Aji, B, Akalu, Y, Akinyemi, OO, Aklilu, A, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alcalde-Rabanal, JE, Al-Eyadhy, A, Ali, T, Alicandro, G, Alif, SM, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, NA, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Alonso, J, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, KA, Alumran, AK, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Ameyaw, EK, Amini, S, Amini-Rarani, M, Amit, AML, Amugsi, DA, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, CL, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aripov, T, Arnlov, J, Artanti, KD, Arzani, A, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Jafarabadi, MA, Athari, SS, Athari, SM, Atnafu, DD, Atreya, A, Atteraya, MS, Ausloos, M, Awan, AT, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Azarian, G, Azene, ZN, Darshan, BB, Babaee, E, Badiye, AD, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Banik, PC, Barker-Collo, SL, Barqawi, HJ, Bassat, Q, Basu, S, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Beghi, M, Bell, ML, Bendak, S, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Berhe, K, Berman, AE, Bezabih, YM, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, ZA, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Birihane, BM, Biswas, RK, Bohlouli, S, Bragazzi, NL, Breusov, A, Brunoni, AR, Burkart, K, Nagaraja, SB, Busse, R, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camargos, P, Camera, LA, Cardenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, JJ, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Castelpietra, G, Cerin, E, Chang, J-C, Chanie, WF, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, 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Jenabi, E, Jha, RP, Ji, JS, John, O, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalankesh, LR, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Matin, BK, Karch, A, Karimi, SE, Kassahun, G, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Kemmer, L, Khalid, N, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khang, Y-H, Khatab, K, Khater, AM, Khater, MM, Khayamzadeh, M, Khosravi, A, Kim, D, Kim, Y-E, Kim, YJ, Kimokoti, RW, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissoon, N, Kopec, JA, Kosen, S, Koul, PA, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, V, Defo, BK, Bicer, BK, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, GA, Kumar, M, Kumar, N, Kurmi, OP, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Lalloo, R, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Larsson, AO, Lasrado, S, Lassi, ZS, Lauriola, P, Lee, PH, Lee, SWH, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leonardi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, B, Li, S, Liang, J, Lim, L-L, Limenih, MA, Lin, R-T, Liu, X, Lodha, R, Lopez, AD, Lozano, R, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Mackay, MT, Kunjathur, SM, Magnani, FG, Prasad, DRM, Maheri, M, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Maled, V, Maleki, A, Maleki, S, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, AA, Malta, DC, Mamun, AA, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Martinez, G, Martini, S, Martins-Melo, FR, Masoumi, SZ, Maulik, PK, McAlinden, C, McGrath, JJ, Medina-Solis, CE, Nasab, EM, Mejia-Rodriguez, F, Memish, ZA, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mensah, GA, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AM, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mini, GK, Miri, M, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, M, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohajer, B, Mohamad, O, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Mondello, S, Moni, MA, Moore, CE, Moradi, G, Moradi, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Morrison, SD, Mosser, JF, Khaneghah, AM, Mustafa, G, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, AJ, Nagaraju, SP, Naghavi, M, Naghshtabrizi, B, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Swamy, SN, Nascimento, BR, Naveed, M, Nazari, J, 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Rasella, D, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawasia, WF, Rawassizadeh, R, Jr, RCR, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, AMN, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Riahi, SM, Ribeiro, D, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Rothenbacher, D, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, SF, Ryan, PM, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Moghaddam, SS, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Salahshoor, MR, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Salomon, JA, Samodra, YL, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Saraswathy, SYI, Sarker, AR, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Saxena, S, Saya, GK, Saylan, M, Schiavolin, S, Schlaich, MP, Schwebel, DC, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, SG, Servan-Mori, E, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shahabi, S, Shahbaz, M, Shaheen, AA, Shahid, I, Shaikh, MA, Shakiba, S, Shalash, AS, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shiferaw, WS, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Shiri, R, Shiue, I, Shuval, K, Siddiqi, TJ, Sidemo, NB, Sigfusdottir, ID, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, JP, Silverberg, JIS, Simonetti, B, Singh, BB, Singh, JA, Singhal, D, Sinha, DN, Skiadaresi, E, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sleet, DA, Sobaih, BH, Sobhiyeh, MR, Soltani, S, Soriano, JB, Spurlock, EE, Sreeramareddy, CT, Steiropoulos, P, Stokes, Mark, Stortecky, S, Sufiyan, MB, Abdulkader, RS, Sulo, G, Swope, CB, Sykes, BL, Szeto, MD, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadesse, EG, Taherkhani, A, Tamiru, AT, Tareque, MI, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, GA, Tessema, ZT, Thankappan, KR, Thapar, R, Tolani, MA, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Tripathy, JP, Tsapparellas, G, Tsatsakis, A, Car, LT, Uddin, Riaz, Ullah, A, Umeokonkwo, CD, Unim, B, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Usman, MS, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Tahbaz, SV, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Venketasubramanian, N, Verma, M, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Giang, TV, Wado, YD, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Wang, Y, Wang, Y-P, Ward, P, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, ND, Wilner, LB, Wiysonge, CS, Wu, A-M, Wu, C, Xie, Y, Jabbari, SHY, Yamagishi, K, Yandrapalli, S, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S-J, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yu, C, Yusuf, SS, Zaidi, SS, Bin Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z-J, Zhao, X-JG, Ziapour, A, Hay, S, Murray, CJL, Wang, H, Kassebaum, NJ, Paulson, KR, Kamath, AM, Alam, T, Bienhoff, K, Abady, GG, Abbas, J, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abd-Elsalam, SM, Abdoli, A, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abu-Rmeileh, NME, Abushouk, A, Adamu, AL, Adebayo, OM, Adegbosin, AE, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adeyinka, DA, Adsuar, JC, Afshari, K, Aghaali, M, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, MB, Aji, B, Akalu, Y, Akinyemi, OO, Aklilu, A, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alcalde-Rabanal, JE, Al-Eyadhy, A, Ali, T, Alicandro, G, Alif, SM, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, NA, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Alonso, J, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, KA, Alumran, AK, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Ameyaw, EK, Amini, S, Amini-Rarani, M, Amit, AML, Amugsi, DA, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, CL, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aripov, T, Arnlov, J, Artanti, KD, Arzani, A, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Jafarabadi, MA, Athari, SS, Athari, SM, Atnafu, DD, Atreya, A, Atteraya, MS, Ausloos, M, Awan, AT, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Azarian, G, Azene, ZN, Darshan, BB, Babaee, E, Badiye, AD, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Banik, PC, Barker-Collo, SL, Barqawi, HJ, Bassat, Q, Basu, S, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Beghi, M, Bell, ML, Bendak, S, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Berhe, K, Berman, AE, Bezabih, YM, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, ZA, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Birihane, BM, Biswas, RK, Bohlouli, S, Bragazzi, NL, Breusov, A, Brunoni, AR, Burkart, K, Nagaraja, SB, Busse, R, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camargos, P, Camera, LA, Cardenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, JJ, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Castelpietra, G, Cerin, E, Chang, J-C, Chanie, WF, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chaturvedi, S, Chen, S, Cho, DY, Choi, J-YJ, Chu, D-T, Ciobanu, LG, Cirillo, M, Conde, J, Costa, VM, Couto, RAS, Dachew, BA, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, H, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darmstadt, GL, Das, JK, Davila-Cervantes, CA, Davis, AC, Davletov, K, De la Hoz, FP, De Leo, D, Deeba, F, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Dervenis, N, Desalew, A, Deuba, K, Dey, S, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhingra, S, Dhungana, GP, da Silva, DD, Diaz, D, Dorostkar, F, Doshmangir, L, Dubljanin, E, Duraes, AR, Eagan, AW, Edinur, HA, Efendi, F, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Elbarazi, I, Elgendy, IY, El-Jaafary, S, Emami, A, Enany, S, Eyawo, O, Ezzikouri, S, Faris, PS, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Fauk, NK, Fazlzadeh, M, Feigin, VL, Ferede, TY, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, JL, Foigt, NA, Folayan, MO, Foroutan, M, Franklin, RC, Freitas, M, Friedman, SD, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, AM, Gaidhane, S, Gaihre, S, Gallus, S, Garcia-Basteiro, AL, Garcia-Gordillo, M, Gardner, WM, Fonseca, MG, Gebremedhin, KB, Getacher, L, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Gilani, SA, Gill, TK, Giussani, G, Gnedovskaya, E, Godinho, MA, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Gona, PN, Gopalani, SV, Goudarzi, H, Grivna, M, Gugnani, HC, Guido, D, Guimaraes, RA, Das Gupta, R, Gupta, R, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haider, MR, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Hankey, GJ, Hargono, A, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, MM, Hasan, SS, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Havmoeller, RJ, Hayat, K, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Henry, NJ, Herteliu, C, Hole, MK, Holla, R, Hossain, N, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Huang, J, Humayun, A, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, SE, Ikuta, KS, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Inamdar, S, Inbaraj, LR, Iqbal, K, Iqbal, U, Islam, MM, Shariful Islam, Sheikh, Iso, H, Iwagami, M, Iwu, CCD, Jaafari, J, Jacobsen, KH, Jagnoor, J, Jain, V, Janodia, MD, Javaheri, T, Javanmardi, F, Jayaram, S, Jayatilleke, AU, Jenabi, E, Jha, RP, Ji, JS, John, O, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalankesh, LR, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Matin, BK, Karch, A, Karimi, SE, Kassahun, G, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Kemmer, L, Khalid, N, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khan, MN, Khang, Y-H, Khatab, K, Khater, AM, Khater, MM, Khayamzadeh, M, Khosravi, A, Kim, D, Kim, Y-E, Kim, YJ, Kimokoti, RW, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kissoon, N, Kopec, JA, Kosen, S, Koul, PA, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, V, Defo, BK, Bicer, BK, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, GA, Kumar, M, Kumar, N, Kurmi, OP, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Lalloo, R, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Larsson, AO, Lasrado, S, Lassi, ZS, Lauriola, P, Lee, PH, Lee, SWH, Lee, YH, Leigh, J, Leonardi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, B, Li, S, Liang, J, Lim, L-L, Limenih, MA, Lin, R-T, Liu, X, Lodha, R, Lopez, AD, Lozano, R, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Mackay, MT, Kunjathur, SM, Magnani, FG, Prasad, DRM, Maheri, M, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Maled, V, Maleki, A, Maleki, S, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, AA, Malta, DC, Mamun, AA, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, MA, Martinez, G, Martini, S, Martins-Melo, FR, Masoumi, SZ, Maulik, PK, McAlinden, C, McGrath, JJ, Medina-Solis, CE, Nasab, EM, Mejia-Rodriguez, F, Memish, ZA, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Mensah, GA, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AM, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Mini, GK, Miri, M, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, M, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohajer, B, Mohamad, O, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Mondello, S, Moni, MA, Moore, CE, Moradi, G, Moradi, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Morrison, SD, Mosser, JF, Khaneghah, AM, Mustafa, G, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, AJ, Nagaraju, SP, Naghavi, M, Naghshtabrizi, B, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Swamy, SN, Nascimento, BR, Naveed, M, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, RI, Nena, E, Nepal, S, Netsere, HB, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, JW, Chi, TYN, Cuong, TN, Huong, LTN, Nigatu, YT, Nigussie, SN, Nixon, MR, Nnaji, CA, Nomura, S, Noor, NM, Noubiap, JJ, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, VE, Oancea, B, Odukoya, OO, Ogbo, FA, Olusanya, BO, Olusanya, JO, Bali, AO, Onwujekwe, OE, Ortiz, A, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Mahesh, PA, Padubidri, JR, Pakhale, S, Pakshir, K, Pal, PK, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Pandi-Perumal, SR, Pangaribuan, HU, Pardo-Montano, AM, Park, E-K, Patel, SK, Patton, GC, Pawar, S, Toroudi, HP, Peden, AE, Pepito, VCF, Peprah, EK, Pereira, J, Perez-Gomez, J, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Pilgrim, T, Pinheiro, M, Piradov, MA, Pirsaheb, M, Platts-Mills, JA, Pokhrel, KN, Postma, MJ, Pourjafar, H, Prada, S, Prakash, S, Pupillo, E, Syed, ZQ, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Raggi, A, Rahimzadeh, S, Rahman, MHU, Rahmani, AM, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, CL, Rao, SJ, Rasella, D, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawasia, WF, Rawassizadeh, R, Jr, RCR, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, AMN, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Riahi, SM, Ribeiro, D, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Rothenbacher, D, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, SF, Ryan, PM, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Moghaddam, SS, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Salahshoor, MR, Salehi, S, Salem, MR, Salimzadeh, H, Salomon, JA, Samodra, YL, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Saraswathy, SYI, Sarker, AR, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Saxena, S, Saya, GK, Saylan, M, Schiavolin, S, Schlaich, MP, Schwebel, DC, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, SG, Servan-Mori, E, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shahabi, S, Shahbaz, M, Shaheen, AA, Shahid, I, Shaikh, MA, Shakiba, S, Shalash, AS, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shiferaw, WS, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Shiri, R, Shiue, I, Shuval, K, Siddiqi, TJ, Sidemo, NB, Sigfusdottir, ID, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, JP, Silverberg, JIS, Simonetti, B, Singh, BB, Singh, JA, Singhal, D, Sinha, DN, Skiadaresi, E, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sleet, DA, Sobaih, BH, Sobhiyeh, MR, Soltani, S, Soriano, JB, Spurlock, EE, Sreeramareddy, CT, Steiropoulos, P, Stokes, Mark, Stortecky, S, Sufiyan, MB, Abdulkader, RS, Sulo, G, Swope, CB, Sykes, BL, Szeto, MD, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadesse, EG, Taherkhani, A, Tamiru, AT, Tareque, MI, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Temsah, M-H, Tesfay, FH, Tessema, GA, Tessema, ZT, Thankappan, KR, Thapar, R, Tolani, MA, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Tripathy, JP, Tsapparellas, G, Tsatsakis, A, Car, LT, Uddin, Riaz, Ullah, A, Umeokonkwo, CD, Unim, B, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Usman, MS, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Tahbaz, SV, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Venketasubramanian, N, Verma, M, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Giang, TV, Wado, YD, Waheed, Y, Wamai, RG, Wang, Y, Wang, Y-P, Ward, P, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, ND, Wilner, LB, Wiysonge, CS, Wu, A-M, Wu, C, Xie, Y, Jabbari, SHY, Yamagishi, K, Yandrapalli, S, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S-J, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yu, C, Yusuf, SS, Zaidi, SS, Bin Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z-J, Zhao, X-JG, Ziapour, A, Hay, S, Murray, CJL, Wang, H, and Kassebaum, NJ
Published: 2021

14. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Author: Bourne, RRA, Steinmetz, JD, Saylan, M, Mersha, AM, Weldemariam, AH, Wondmeneh, TG, Sreeramareddy, CT, Pinheiro, M, Yaseri, M, Yu, C, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, ZJ, Zimsen, SRM, Yonemoto, N, Tsegaye, GW, Vu, GT, Vongpradith, A, Renzaho, AMN, Sorrie, MB, Shaheen, AA, Shiferaw, WS, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Saya, GK, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Shigematsu, M, Sahraian, MA, Naderifar, H, Sabour, S, Rathi, P, Sathian, B, Miller, TR, Rezapour, A, Rawal, L, Pham, HQ, Parekh, U, Podder, V, Onwujekwe, OE, Pasovic, M, Otstavnov, N, Negash, H, Pawar, S, Naimzada, MD, Al Montasir, A, Ogbo, FA, Owolabi, MO, Pakshir, K, Mohammad, Y, Moni, MA, Nunez-Samudio, V, Mulaw, GF, Naveed, M, Maleki, S, Michalek, IM, Misra, S, Swamy, SN, Mohammed, JA, Flaxman, S, Park, EC, Briant, PS, Meles, GG, Hayat, K, Landires, I, Kim, GR, Liu, X, LeGrand, KE, Taylor, HR, Kunjathur, SM, Khoja, TAM, Bicer, BK, Khalilov, R, Hashi, A, Kayode, GA, Carneiro, VLA, Kavetskyy, T, Kosen, S, Kulkarni, V, Holla, R, Kalhor, R, Jayaram, S, Islam, Shariful, Gilani, SA, Eskandarieh, S, Molla, MD, Itumalla, R, Farzadfar, F, Congdon, NG, Elhabashy, HR, Elayedath, R, Couto, RAS, Dervenis, N, Cromwell, EA, Dahlawi, SMA, Resnikoff, S, Casson, RJ, Abdoli, A, Choi, JYJ, Dos Santos, FLC, Abrha, WA, Bourne, RRA, Steinmetz, JD, Saylan, M, Mersha, AM, Weldemariam, AH, Wondmeneh, TG, Sreeramareddy, CT, Pinheiro, M, Yaseri, M, Yu, C, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, ZJ, Zimsen, SRM, Yonemoto, N, Tsegaye, GW, Vu, GT, Vongpradith, A, Renzaho, AMN, Sorrie, MB, Shaheen, AA, Shiferaw, WS, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Saya, GK, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Shigematsu, M, Sahraian, MA, Naderifar, H, Sabour, S, Rathi, P, Sathian, B, Miller, TR, Rezapour, A, Rawal, L, Pham, HQ, Parekh, U, Podder, V, Onwujekwe, OE, Pasovic, M, Otstavnov, N, Negash, H, Pawar, S, Naimzada, MD, Al Montasir, A, Ogbo, FA, Owolabi, MO, Pakshir, K, Mohammad, Y, Moni, MA, Nunez-Samudio, V, Mulaw, GF, Naveed, M, Maleki, S, Michalek, IM, Misra, S, Swamy, SN, Mohammed, JA, Flaxman, S, Park, EC, Briant, PS, Meles, GG, Hayat, K, Landires, I, Kim, GR, Liu, X, LeGrand, KE, Taylor, HR, Kunjathur, SM, Khoja, TAM, Bicer, BK, Khalilov, R, Hashi, A, Kayode, GA, Carneiro, VLA, Kavetskyy, T, Kosen, S, Kulkarni, V, Holla, R, Kalhor, R, Jayaram, S, Islam, Shariful, Gilani, SA, Eskandarieh, S, Molla, MD, Itumalla, R, Farzadfar, F, Congdon, NG, Elhabashy, HR, Elayedath, R, Couto, RAS, Dervenis, N, Cromwell, EA, Dahlawi, SMA, Resnikoff, S, Casson, RJ, Abdoli, A, Choi, JYJ, Dos Santos, FLC, and Abrha, WA
Published: 2021

15. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Author: Steinmetz, JD, Bourne, RRA, Briant, PS, Flaxman, S, Taylor, HR, Jonas, JB, Abdoli, A, Abrha, WA, Abualhasan, A, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adal, TG, Afshin, A, Ahmadieh, H, Alemayehu, W, Alemzadeh, SA, Alfaar, AS, Alipour, V, Androudi, S, Arabloo, J, Arditi, A, Aregawi, BB, Arrigo, A, Ashbaugh, C, Ashrafi, E, Atnafu, DD, Bagli, E, Baig, AA, Barnighausen, TW, Parodi, MB, Beheshti, M, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bikbov, M, Bottone, M, Braithwaite, T, Bron, AM, Nagaraja, SB, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Carneiro, VLA, Casson, RJ, Cheng, C-Y, Choi, J-YJ, Chu, D-T, Cicinelli, MV, Coelho, JM, Congdon, NG, Couto, RAS, Cromwell, EA, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dana, R, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Del Monte, MA, Molla, MD, Dervenis, N, Desta, AA, Deva, JP, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Ehrlich, JR, Elayedath, R, Elhabashy, HR, Ellwein, LB, Emamian, MH, Eskandarieh, S, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, AG, Fischer, F, Friedman, DS, Furtado, JM, Gaidhane, S, Gazzard, G, Gebremichael, B, George, R, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Golechha, M, Hamidi, S, Hammond, BR, Hartnett, MER, Hartono, RK, Hashi, A, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Ho, HC, Holla, R, Househ, M, Huang, JJ, Ibitoye, SE, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Ingram, AD, Irvani, SSN, Islam, SMS, Itumalla, R, Jayaram, S, Jha, RP, Kahloun, R, Kalhor, R, Kandel, H, Kasa, AS, Kavetskyy, T, Kayode, GA, Kempen, JH, Khairallah, M, Khalilov, R, Khan, EA, Khanna, RC, Khatib, MN, Khoja, TAM, Kim, GR, Kim, JE, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kosen, S, Koyanagi, A, Bicer, BK, Kulkarni, V, Kurmi, OP, Landires, I, Lansingh, VC, Leasher, JL, LeGrand, KE, Leveziel, N, Limburg, H, Liu, X, Kunjathur, SM, Maleki, S, Manafi, N, Mansouri, K, McAlinden, C, Meles, GG, Mersha, AM, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Misra, S, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, SF, Mohammed, JA, Mokdad, AH, Moni, MA, Al Montasir, A, Morse, AR, Mulaw, GF, Naderi, M, Naderifar, H, Naidoo, KS, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Swamy, SN, Naveed, M, Negash, H, Huong, LTN, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, FA, Ogundimu, K, Olagunju, AT, Onwujekwe, OE, Otstavnov, N, Owolabi, MO, Pakshir, K, Panda-Jonas, S, Parekh, U, Park, E-C, Pasovic, M, Pawar, S, Pesudovs, K, Peto, T, Pham, HQ, Pinheiro, M, Podder, V, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, MHU, Ramulu, PY, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Reinig, N, Renzaho, AMN, Rezapour, A, Robin, AL, Rossetti, L, Sabour, S, Safi, S, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, MA, Samy, AM, Sathian, B, Saya, GK, Saylan, M, Shaheen, AA, Shaikh, MA, Shen, TT, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, WS, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Silva, JC, Silvester, A, Singh, JA, Singhal, D, Sitorus, RS, Skiadaresi, E, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soheili, A, Sorrie, MB, Sousa, RARC, Sreeramareddy, CT, Stambolian, D, Tadesse, EG, Tahhan, N, Tareque, MI, Topouzis, F, Bach, XT, Tsegaye, GW, Tsilimbaris, MK, Varma, R, Virgili, G, Vongpradith, A, Vu, GT, Wang, YX, Wang, N, Weldemariam, AH, West, SK, Wondmeneh, TG, Wong, TY, Yaseri, M, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Z-J, Zimsen, SRM, Resnikoff, S, Vos, T, Steinmetz, JD, Bourne, RRA, Briant, PS, Flaxman, S, Taylor, HR, Jonas, JB, Abdoli, A, Abrha, WA, Abualhasan, A, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adal, TG, Afshin, A, Ahmadieh, H, Alemayehu, W, Alemzadeh, SA, Alfaar, AS, Alipour, V, Androudi, S, Arabloo, J, Arditi, A, Aregawi, BB, Arrigo, A, Ashbaugh, C, Ashrafi, E, Atnafu, DD, Bagli, E, Baig, AA, Barnighausen, TW, Parodi, MB, Beheshti, M, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bikbov, M, Bottone, M, Braithwaite, T, Bron, AM, Nagaraja, SB, Butt, ZA, dos Santos, FLC, Carneiro, VLA, Casson, RJ, Cheng, C-Y, Choi, J-YJ, Chu, D-T, Cicinelli, MV, Coelho, JM, Congdon, NG, Couto, RAS, Cromwell, EA, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dana, R, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Del Monte, MA, Molla, MD, Dervenis, N, Desta, AA, Deva, JP, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Ehrlich, JR, Elayedath, R, Elhabashy, HR, Ellwein, LB, Emamian, MH, Eskandarieh, S, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, AG, Fischer, F, Friedman, DS, Furtado, JM, Gaidhane, S, Gazzard, G, Gebremichael, B, George, R, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Golechha, M, Hamidi, S, Hammond, BR, Hartnett, MER, Hartono, RK, Hashi, A, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Ho, HC, Holla, R, Househ, M, Huang, JJ, Ibitoye, SE, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Ingram, AD, Irvani, SSN, Islam, SMS, Itumalla, R, Jayaram, S, Jha, RP, Kahloun, R, Kalhor, R, Kandel, H, Kasa, AS, Kavetskyy, T, Kayode, GA, Kempen, JH, Khairallah, M, Khalilov, R, Khan, EA, Khanna, RC, Khatib, MN, Khoja, TAM, Kim, GR, Kim, JE, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kosen, S, Koyanagi, A, Bicer, BK, Kulkarni, V, Kurmi, OP, Landires, I, Lansingh, VC, Leasher, JL, LeGrand, KE, Leveziel, N, Limburg, H, Liu, X, Kunjathur, SM, Maleki, S, Manafi, N, Mansouri, K, McAlinden, C, Meles, GG, Mersha, AM, Michalek, IM, Miller, TR, Misra, S, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, SF, Mohammed, JA, Mokdad, AH, Moni, MA, Al Montasir, A, Morse, AR, Mulaw, GF, Naderi, M, Naderifar, H, Naidoo, KS, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Swamy, SN, Naveed, M, Negash, H, Huong, LTN, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, FA, Ogundimu, K, Olagunju, AT, Onwujekwe, OE, Otstavnov, N, Owolabi, MO, Pakshir, K, Panda-Jonas, S, Parekh, U, Park, E-C, Pasovic, M, Pawar, S, Pesudovs, K, Peto, T, Pham, HQ, Pinheiro, M, Podder, V, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, MHU, Ramulu, PY, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Reinig, N, Renzaho, AMN, Rezapour, A, Robin, AL, Rossetti, L, Sabour, S, Safi, S, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, MA, Samy, AM, Sathian, B, Saya, GK, Saylan, M, Shaheen, AA, Shaikh, MA, Shen, TT, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, WS, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Silva, JC, Silvester, A, Singh, JA, Singhal, D, Sitorus, RS, Skiadaresi, E, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soheili, A, Sorrie, MB, Sousa, RARC, Sreeramareddy, CT, Stambolian, D, Tadesse, EG, Tahhan, N, Tareque, MI, Topouzis, F, Bach, XT, Tsegaye, GW, Tsilimbaris, MK, Varma, R, Virgili, G, Vongpradith, A, Vu, GT, Wang, YX, Wang, N, Weldemariam, AH, West, SK, Wondmeneh, TG, Wong, TY, Yaseri, M, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Z-J, Zimsen, SRM, Resnikoff, S, and Vos, T
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (<3/60 or less than 10° visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older. FINDINGS: Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change -0·2% [95% UI -1·5 to 1·0]; 2019 prevalence 9·58 cases per 1000 people [95% IU 8·51 to 10·8], 2010 prevalence 96·0 cases per 1000 people [86·0 to 107·0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by -15·4% [-16·8 to -14·3], while avoidable MSVI showed no change (0·5% [-0·8 to 1·6]). However, the number of cases increased for both avoidable blindness (10·8% [8·9 to 12·4]) and MSVI (31·5% [30·0 to 33·1]). The leading global causes of blindness in those aged 50 years and older in 2020 were cataract (15·2 million cases [9% IU 12·7-18·0]), followed by glaucoma (3·6 million cases [2·8-4·4]), undercorrected refractive error (2·3 million cases [1·8-2·8]), age-related macular degeneration (1·8 million cases [1·3-2·4]), and diabetic retinopathy (0·86 mill
Published: 2021

16. Mapping subnational HIV mortality in six Latin American countries with incomplete vital registration systems

Author: Cork, MA, Henry, NJ, Watson, S, Croneberger, AJ, Baumann, M, Letourneau, ID, Yang, M, Serfes, AL, Abbas, J, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abreu, LG, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Adabi, M, Adal, TG, Adegbosin, AE, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, MB, Alhassan, RK, Alipour, V, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Anvari, D, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Asaad, M, Atnafu, DD, Atreya, A, Quintanilla, BPA, Azari, S, Darshan, BB, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Bante, SA, Barboza, MA, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Bejarano Ramirez, DF, Bensenor, IM, Beyene, FY, Bezabih, YM, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, ZA, Bijani, A, Birlik, SM, Bitew, ZW, Bohlouli, S, Boloor, A, Brunoni, AR, Butt, ZA, Cardenas, R, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, VK, Chattu, SK, Chowdhury, MAK, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Cook, AJ, Cormier, NM, Dahlawi, SMA, Daoud, F, Davila Cervantes, CA, Weaver, ND, De la Hoz, FP, Demeke, FM, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Deribe, K, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhungana, GP, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Duraes, AR, Eagan, AW, Earl, L, Effiong, A, Zaki, MES, El Tantawi, M, Elayedath, R, El-Jaafary, SI, Faraon, EJA, Faro, A, Fattahi, N, Fauk, NK, Fernandes, E, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foigt, NA, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gebremariam, TBB, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremeskel, GG, Gesesew, HA, Ghadiri, K, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Golechha, M, Gori, U, Goulart, AC, Goulart, BNG, Gugnani, HC, Guimaraes, MDC, Guimaraes, RA, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Haeuser, E, Haider, MR, Haile, TG, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hanif, A, Hargono, A, Hariyani, N, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Herteliu, C, Ho, HC, Holla, R, Hosseinzadeh, M, Househ, M, Hwang, BF, Ibeneme, CU, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, MD, Ilic, IM, Iqbal, U, Jahagirdar, D, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, M, Jha, RP, Johnson, KB, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Matin, BK, Karch, A, Karimi, SE, Kassahun, G, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Keramati, M, Khalid, N, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, MNN, Khatab, K, Kianipour, N, Kim, YJ, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kosen, S, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Defo, BK, Kuchenbecker, RS, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, N, Kumar, M, Kurmi, OP, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lee, PH, LeGrand, KE, Li, B, Li, S, Liu, X, Amin, HIM, Machado, DB, Madi, D, Magis-Rodriguez, C, Malta, DC, Mansournia, MA, Manzar, MD, Marrugo Arnedo, CA, Martins-Melo, FR, Masoumi, SZ, Mayala, BK, Medina-Solis, CE, Memish, ZA, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Moazen, B, Mohammad, Y, Mezerji, NMG, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Moni, MA, Moradi, M, Moradi, Y, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Khaneghah, AM, Mustafa, G, Mwanri, L, Nagaraja, R, Nagarajan, AJ, Naimzada, MD, Nascimento, BR, Naveed, M, Nayak, VC, Nazari, J, Negash, H, Negoi, I, Nepal, S, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Nikbakhsh, R, Noubiap, JJ, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Otstavnov, N, Mahesh, PA, Padubidri, JR, Perumal, SRP, Pardo-Montano, AM, Patel, UK, Pawar, S, Peprah, EK, Pereira, A, Perkins, S, Pescarini, JM, Pokhrel, KN, Postma, MJ, Pottoo, FH, Prada, SI, Preotescu, L, Pribadi, DRA, Radfar, A, Rahim, F, Rahman, MHU, Rahmani, AM, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, CL, Rao, SJ, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, DL, Rawassizadeh, R, Renjith, V, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Ribeiro, AI, Roever, L, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, SF, Rwegerera, GM, Sagar, R, Sajadi, SM, Salem, MR, Samy, AM, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sathian, B, Schaeffer, LE, Schneider, IJC, Seidu, A-A, Sha, F, Shaikh, MA, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Shibuya, K, Shin, JI, Silva, DAS, Singh, JA, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sligar, A, Soheili, A, Steuben, KM, Sufiyan, MB, Tadesse, EG, Tesema, AKT, Tesfay, FH, Thapar, R, Thompson, RL, Tovani-Palone, MR, Tran, BX, Tsegaye, GW, Umeokonkwo, CD, Unnikrishnan, B, Vasseghian, Y, Violante, FS, Vo, B, Vu, GT, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y-P, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Welay, FT, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, ND, Yaya, S, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yusefzadeh, H, Zamanian, M, Zastrozhin, MS, Zhang, Z-J, Zhang, Y, Ziapour, A, Hay, SI, Dwyer-Lindgren, L, Cork, MA, Henry, NJ, Watson, S, Croneberger, AJ, Baumann, M, Letourneau, ID, Yang, M, Serfes, AL, Abbas, J, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abreu, LG, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Adabi, M, Adal, TG, Adegbosin, AE, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, MB, Alhassan, RK, Alipour, V, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Anvari, D, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Asaad, M, Atnafu, DD, Atreya, A, Quintanilla, BPA, Azari, S, Darshan, BB, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Bante, SA, Barboza, MA, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Bejarano Ramirez, DF, Bensenor, IM, Beyene, FY, Bezabih, YM, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, ZA, Bijani, A, Birlik, SM, Bitew, ZW, Bohlouli, S, Boloor, A, Brunoni, AR, Butt, ZA, Cardenas, R, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, VK, Chattu, SK, Chowdhury, MAK, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Cook, AJ, Cormier, NM, Dahlawi, SMA, Daoud, F, Davila Cervantes, CA, Weaver, ND, De la Hoz, FP, Demeke, FM, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Deribe, K, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, SD, Dhungana, GP, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Duraes, AR, Eagan, AW, Earl, L, Effiong, A, Zaki, MES, El Tantawi, M, Elayedath, R, El-Jaafary, SI, Faraon, EJA, Faro, A, Fattahi, N, Fauk, NK, Fernandes, E, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foigt, NA, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gebremariam, TBB, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremeskel, GG, Gesesew, HA, Ghadiri, K, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Golechha, M, Gori, U, Goulart, AC, Goulart, BNG, Gugnani, HC, Guimaraes, MDC, Guimaraes, RA, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Haeuser, E, Haider, MR, Haile, TG, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hanif, A, Hargono, A, Hariyani, N, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Herteliu, C, Ho, HC, Holla, R, Hosseinzadeh, M, Househ, M, Hwang, BF, Ibeneme, CU, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, MD, Ilic, IM, Iqbal, U, Jahagirdar, D, Jain, V, Jakovljevic, M, Jha, RP, Johnson, KB, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Matin, BK, Karch, A, Karimi, SE, Kassahun, G, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Keramati, M, Khalid, N, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, MNN, Khatab, K, Kianipour, N, Kim, YJ, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kosen, S, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Defo, BK, Kuchenbecker, RS, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, N, Kumar, M, Kurmi, OP, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lal, DK, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lee, PH, LeGrand, KE, Li, B, Li, S, Liu, X, Amin, HIM, Machado, DB, Madi, D, Magis-Rodriguez, C, Malta, DC, Mansournia, MA, Manzar, MD, Marrugo Arnedo, CA, Martins-Melo, FR, Masoumi, SZ, Mayala, BK, Medina-Solis, CE, Memish, ZA, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Moazen, B, Mohammad, Y, Mezerji, NMG, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Moni, MA, Moradi, M, Moradi, Y, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Khaneghah, AM, Mustafa, G, Mwanri, L, Nagaraja, R, Nagarajan, AJ, Naimzada, MD, Nascimento, BR, Naveed, M, Nayak, VC, Nazari, J, Negash, H, Negoi, I, Nepal, S, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Nikbakhsh, R, Noubiap, JJ, Nunez-Samudio, V, Oancea, B, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Otstavnov, N, Mahesh, PA, Padubidri, JR, Perumal, SRP, Pardo-Montano, AM, Patel, UK, Pawar, S, Peprah, EK, Pereira, A, Perkins, S, Pescarini, JM, Pokhrel, KN, Postma, MJ, Pottoo, FH, Prada, SI, Preotescu, L, Pribadi, DRA, Radfar, A, Rahim, F, Rahman, MHU, Rahmani, AM, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, CL, Rao, SJ, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, DL, Rawassizadeh, R, Renjith, V, Rezaei, N, Rezapour, A, Ribeiro, AI, Roever, L, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, SF, Rwegerera, GM, Sagar, R, Sajadi, SM, Salem, MR, Samy, AM, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sathian, B, Schaeffer, LE, Schneider, IJC, Seidu, A-A, Sha, F, Shaikh, MA, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Shibuya, K, Shin, JI, Silva, DAS, Singh, JA, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Sligar, A, Soheili, A, Steuben, KM, Sufiyan, MB, Tadesse, EG, Tesema, AKT, Tesfay, FH, Thapar, R, Thompson, RL, Tovani-Palone, MR, Tran, BX, Tsegaye, GW, Umeokonkwo, CD, Unnikrishnan, B, Vasseghian, Y, Violante, FS, Vo, B, Vu, GT, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y-P, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Welay, FT, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, ND, Yaya, S, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yusefzadeh, H, Zamanian, M, Zastrozhin, MS, Zhang, Z-J, Zhang, Y, Ziapour, A, Hay, SI, and Dwyer-Lindgren, L
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health priority in Latin America. While the burden of HIV is historically concentrated in urban areas and high-risk groups, subnational estimates that cover multiple countries and years are missing. This paucity is partially due to incomplete vital registration (VR) systems and statistical challenges related to estimating mortality rates in areas with low numbers of HIV deaths. In this analysis, we address this gap and provide novel estimates of the HIV mortality rate and the number of HIV deaths by age group, sex, and municipality in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico. METHODS: We performed an ecological study using VR data ranging from 2000 to 2017, dependent on individual country data availability. We modeled HIV mortality using a Bayesian spatially explicit mixed-effects regression model that incorporates prior information on VR completeness. We calibrated our results to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. RESULTS: All countries displayed over a 40-fold difference in HIV mortality between municipalities with the highest and lowest age-standardized HIV mortality rate in the last year of study for men, and over a 20-fold difference for women. Despite decreases in national HIV mortality in all countries-apart from Ecuador-across the period of study, we found broad variation in relative changes in HIV mortality at the municipality level and increasing relative inequality over time in all countries. In all six countries included in this analysis, 50% or more HIV deaths were concentrated in fewer than 10% of municipalities in the latest year of study. In addition, national age patterns reflected shifts in mortality to older age groups-the median age group among decedents ranged from 30 to 45 years of age at the municipality level in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico in 2017. CONCLUSIONS: Our subnational estimates of HIV mortality revealed significant spatial variation and divergi
Published: 2021

17. Tracking development assistance for health and for COVID-19: a review of development assistance, government, out-of-pocket, and other private spending on health for 204 countries and territories, 1990-2050

Author: Micah, AE, Cogswell, IE, Cunningham, B, Ezoe, S, Harle, AC, Maddison, ER, McCracken, D, Nomura, S, Simpson, KE, Stutzman, HN, Tsakalos, G, Wallace, LE, Zhao, Y, Zende, RR, Abbafati, C, Abdelmasseh, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, KH, Abhilash, ES, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, MRM, Adhikari, TB, Afzal, S, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Ajami, M, Aji, B, Akalu, Y, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alam, K, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alemayehu, Y, Alhassan, RK, Alinia, C, Aljunid, SM, Almustanyir, SA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amini, S, Amini-Rarani, M, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Angell, B, Anjomshoa, M, Antonio, CAT, Antony, CM, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aripov, T, Arrigo, A, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, DD, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awan, AT, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Azari, S, Azhar, GS, Babalola, TK, Bahrami, MA, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Barati, N, Barnighausen, TW, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Benzian, H, Berman, AE, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bodolica, V, Bragazzi, NL, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, NJK, Breusov, AV, Briko, NI, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Callander, EJ, Camera, LA, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Catala-Lopez, F, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chen, S, Cicero, AFG, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dalal, K, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davitoiu, DV, De Neve, J-W, de Sa-Junior, AR, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dharmaratne, SD, Doshmangir, L, Dube, J, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Zaki, MES, El Tantawi, M, Eskandarieh, S, Farzadfar, F, Ferede, TY, Fischer, F, Foigt, NA, Freitas, A, Friedman, SD, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Garcia-Gordillo, MA, Garg, T, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Ghozali, G, Gilani, SA, Glavan, I-R, Glushkova, EV, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Goli, S, Guha, A, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haakenstad, A, Haider, MR, Hailu, A, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Harapan, H, Hartono, RK, Hasaballah, AI, Hassan, S, Hassanein, MH, Hayat, K, Hegazy, MI, Heidari, G, Hendrie, D, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, SJ, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Huda, TM, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Idrisov, B, Ilesanmi, OS, Irvani, SSN, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Jahani, MA, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, MD, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, SK, Jayawardena, R, Jazayeri, SB, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joukar, F, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Kandel, H, Matin, BK, Karimi, SE, Kassahun, G, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, J, Khubchandani, J, Kianipour, N, Kim, GR, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kohler, S, Kosen, S, Koteeswaran, R, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kumar, GA, Kusuma, D, Lamnisos, D, Lansingh, VC, Larsson, AO, Lasrado, S, Le, LKD, Lee, SWH, Lee, YY, Lim, SS, Lobo, SW, Lozano, R, Abd El Razek, HM, Abd El Razek, MM, Mahdavi, MM, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Maleki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Manda, AL, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Arnedo, CAM, Martinez-Valle, A, Masoumi, SZ, Maude, RJ, Mckee, M, Medina-Solis, CE, Menezes, RG, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Kostova, NM, Miller, TR, Mini, GK, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mohajer, B, Mohamed, TA, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moitra, M, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Moni, MA, Moradi, Y, Morze, J, Mousavi, SM, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Muriithi, MK, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, AJ, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Narayana, AI, Nascimento, BR, Naveed, M, Nayak, BP, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Kandel, SN, Trang, HN, Nonvignon, J, Noubiap, JJ, Nwatah, VE, Oancea, B, Ojelabi, FAO, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Olgiati, S, Olusanya, JO, Onwujekwe, OE, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Padubidri, JR, Palladino, R, Panda-Jonas, S, Park, E-C, Kan, FP, Pawar, S, Toroudi, HP, Pereira, DM, Perianayagam, A, Pesudovs, K, Piccinelli, C, Postma, MJ, Prada, SI, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, MHU, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Ram, U, Ranabhat, CL, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Reiner, RC, Renzaho, AMN, Reshmi, B, Riaz, MA, Ripon, RK, Saad, AM, Sahraian, MA, Sahu, M, Salama, JS, Salehi, S, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santos, JV, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sathian, B, Savic, M, Saxena, D, Sayyah, M, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, SG, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, MA, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shrime, MG, Shuja, KH, Singh, JA, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soltani, S, Soofi, M, Spurlock, EE, Stefan, SC, Szerencses, V, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Taddele, BW, Tefera, YG, Thavamani, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, MR, Bach, XT, Car, LT, Ullah, A, Ullah, S, Umar, N, Undurraga, EA, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Villafane, JH, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Bay, V, Vollmer, S, Theo, V, Giang, TV, Linh, GV, Wamai, RG, Werdecker, A, Woldekidan, MA, Wubishet, BL, Xu, G, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yigit, V, Yip, P, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Moghadam, TZ, Zandian, H, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Z-J, Ziapour, A, Zuniga, YMH, Hay, SI, Murray, CJL, Dieleman, JL, Micah, AE, Cogswell, IE, Cunningham, B, Ezoe, S, Harle, AC, Maddison, ER, McCracken, D, Nomura, S, Simpson, KE, Stutzman, HN, Tsakalos, G, Wallace, LE, Zhao, Y, Zende, RR, Abbafati, C, Abdelmasseh, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, KH, Abhilash, ES, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, MRM, Adhikari, TB, Afzal, S, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Ajami, M, Aji, B, Akalu, Y, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alam, K, Alanezi, FM, Alanzi, TM, Alemayehu, Y, Alhassan, RK, Alinia, C, Aljunid, SM, Almustanyir, SA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amini, S, Amini-Rarani, M, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Angell, B, Anjomshoa, M, Antonio, CAT, Antony, CM, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aripov, T, Arrigo, A, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, DD, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awan, AT, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Azari, S, Azhar, GS, Babalola, TK, Bahrami, MA, Baig, AA, Banach, M, Barati, N, Barnighausen, TW, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Benzian, H, Berman, AE, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bodolica, V, Bragazzi, NL, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, NJK, Breusov, AV, Briko, NI, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Callander, EJ, Camera, LA, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Catala-Lopez, F, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chen, S, Cicero, AFG, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, SMA, Dai, X, Dalal, K, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davitoiu, DV, De Neve, J-W, de Sa-Junior, AR, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Dhamnetiya, D, Dharmaratne, SD, Doshmangir, L, Dube, J, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Zaki, MES, El Tantawi, M, Eskandarieh, S, Farzadfar, F, Ferede, TY, Fischer, F, Foigt, NA, Freitas, A, Friedman, SD, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Gaal, PA, Gad, MM, Garcia-Gordillo, MA, Garg, T, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Ghozali, G, Gilani, SA, Glavan, I-R, Glushkova, EV, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Goli, S, Guha, A, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Haakenstad, A, Haider, MR, Hailu, A, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Harapan, H, Hartono, RK, Hasaballah, AI, Hassan, S, Hassanein, MH, Hayat, K, Hegazy, MI, Heidari, G, Hendrie, D, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hossain, SJ, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Huda, TM, Hwang, B-F, Iavicoli, I, Idrisov, B, Ilesanmi, OS, Irvani, SSN, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Isola, G, Jahani, MA, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, MD, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, SK, Jayawardena, R, Jazayeri, SB, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Joo, T, Joukar, F, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kalhor, R, Kanchan, T, Kandel, H, Matin, BK, Karimi, SE, Kassahun, G, Kayode, GA, Karyani, AK, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, J, Khubchandani, J, Kianipour, N, Kim, GR, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kohler, S, Kosen, S, Koteeswaran, R, Laxminarayana, SLK, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kumar, GA, Kusuma, D, Lamnisos, D, Lansingh, VC, Larsson, AO, Lasrado, S, Le, LKD, Lee, SWH, Lee, YY, Lim, SS, Lobo, SW, Lozano, R, Abd El Razek, HM, Abd El Razek, MM, Mahdavi, MM, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Maleki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Manda, AL, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Arnedo, CAM, Martinez-Valle, A, Masoumi, SZ, Maude, RJ, Mckee, M, Medina-Solis, CE, Menezes, RG, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, TJ, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Kostova, NM, Miller, TR, Mini, GK, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mohajer, B, Mohamed, TA, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Moitra, M, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Moni, MA, Moradi, Y, Morze, J, Mousavi, SM, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Muriithi, MK, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, AJ, Naimzada, MD, Nangia, V, Naqvi, AA, Narayana, AI, Nascimento, BR, Naveed, M, Nayak, BP, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Kandel, SN, Trang, HN, Nonvignon, J, Noubiap, JJ, Nwatah, VE, Oancea, B, Ojelabi, FAO, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Olgiati, S, Olusanya, JO, Onwujekwe, OE, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Padubidri, JR, Palladino, R, Panda-Jonas, S, Park, E-C, Kan, FP, Pawar, S, Toroudi, HP, Pereira, DM, Perianayagam, A, Pesudovs, K, Piccinelli, C, Postma, MJ, Prada, SI, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, MHU, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Ram, U, Ranabhat, CL, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Reiner, RC, Renzaho, AMN, Reshmi, B, Riaz, MA, Ripon, RK, Saad, AM, Sahraian, MA, Sahu, M, Salama, JS, Salehi, S, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santos, JV, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sathian, B, Savic, M, Saxena, D, Sayyah, M, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, SG, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, MA, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shetty, PH, Shibuya, K, Shrime, MG, Shuja, KH, Singh, JA, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soltani, S, Soofi, M, Spurlock, EE, Stefan, SC, Szerencses, V, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Taddele, BW, Tefera, YG, Thavamani, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, MR, Bach, XT, Car, LT, Ullah, A, Ullah, S, Umar, N, Undurraga, EA, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Villafane, JH, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Bay, V, Vollmer, S, Theo, V, Giang, TV, Linh, GV, Wamai, RG, Werdecker, A, Woldekidan, MA, Wubishet, BL, Xu, G, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yigit, V, Yip, P, Yirdaw, BW, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Moghadam, TZ, Zandian, H, Zastrozhin, MS, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Z-J, Ziapour, A, Zuniga, YMH, Hay, SI, Murray, CJL, and Dieleman, JL
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The rapid spread of COVID-19 renewed the focus on how health systems across the globe are financed, especially during public health emergencies. Development assistance is an important source of health financing in many low-income countries, yet little is known about how much of this funding was disbursed for COVID-19. We aimed to put development assistance for health for COVID-19 in the context of broader trends in global health financing, and to estimate total health spending from 1995 to 2050 and development assistance for COVID-19 in 2020. METHODS: We estimated domestic health spending and development assistance for health to generate total health-sector spending estimates for 204 countries and territories. We leveraged data from the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database to produce estimates of domestic health spending. To generate estimates for development assistance for health, we relied on project-level disbursement data from the major international development agencies' online databases and annual financial statements and reports for information on income sources. To adjust our estimates for 2020 to include disbursements related to COVID-19, we extracted project data on commitments and disbursements from a broader set of databases (because not all of the data sources used to estimate the historical series extend to 2020), including the UN Office of Humanitarian Assistance Financial Tracking Service and the International Aid Transparency Initiative. We reported all the historic and future spending estimates in inflation-adjusted 2020 US$, 2020 US$ per capita, purchasing-power parity-adjusted US$ per capita, and as a proportion of gross domestic product. We used various models to generate future health spending to 2050. FINDINGS: In 2019, health spending globally reached $8·8 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8·7-8·8) or $1132 (1119-1143) per person. Spending on health varied within and across income groups and geographical regions. Of this t
Published: 2021

18. Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1

Author: Galles, NC, Liu, PY, Updike, RL, Fullman, N, Nguyen, J, Rolfe, S, Sbarra, AN, Schipp, MF, Marks, A, Abady, GG, Abbas, KM, Abbasi, SW, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, AE, Adabi, M, Adamu, AA, Adetokunboh, OO, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, S, Aghamir, SMK, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Akalu, Y, Aklilu, A, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Albano, L, Alemayehu, Y, Alene, KA, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alhassan, RK, Ali, L, Aljunid, SM, Almustanyir, S, Altirkawi, KA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amu, H, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Ansar, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonazzo, IC, Antony, B, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Artanti, KD, Arulappan, J, Awan, AT, Awoke, MA, Ayza, MA, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Darshan, BB, Babar, Z-U-D, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bante, SA, Barnighausen, TW, Barqawi, HJ, Barrow, A, Bassat, Q, Bayarmagnai, N, Ramirez, DFB, Bekuma, TT, Belay, HG, Belgaumi, UI, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Boloor, A, Braithwaite, D, Buonsenso, D, Butt, ZA, Camargos, P, Carreras, G, Carvalho, F, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Chakinala, RC, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chowdhury, FR, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, S-C, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Couto, RAS, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, De Neve, J-W, Molla, MD, Derseh, BT, Desai, R, Desta, AA, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Edem, B, Edinur, HA, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Sayed, I, Zaki, MES, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Elsharkawy, A, Enany, S, Erkhembayar, R, Esezobor, CI, Eskandarieh, S, Ezeonwumelu, IJ, Ezzikouri, S, Fares, J, Faris, PS, Feleke, BE, Ferede, TY, Fernandes, E, Fernandes, JC, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Francis, MR, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, S, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Gebre, T, Gebregiorgis, BG, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremichael, B, Gessner, BD, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Glavan, I-R, Glushkova, EV, Golechha, M, Gonfa, KB, Gopalani, SV, Goudarzi, H, Gubari, MIM, Guo, Y, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Gutierrez, RA, Haeuser, E, Halwani, R, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassanein, MH, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Hegazy, M, Heidari, G, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hoque, ME, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Hsieh, VC-R, Huang, J, Humayun, A, Hussain, R, Hussein, NR, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Inamdar, S, Iqbal, U, Irham, LM, Irvani, SSN, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Itumalla, R, Jha, RP, Joukar, F, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalhor, R, Kamal, Z, Kamande, SM, Kandel, H, Karch, A, Kassahun, G, Kassebaum, NJ, Katoto, PD, Kelkay, B, Kengne, AP, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khalil, IA, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, J, Khan, M, Ab Khan, M, Khang, Y-H, Khoja, AT, Khubchandani, J, Kim, GR, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kimokoti, RW, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Korshunov, VA, Kosen, S, Defo, BK, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, A, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, La Vecchia, C, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lassi, ZS, Lee, H, Lee, YY, Levi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, S, Liu, X, Lobo, SW, Lopukhov, PD, Lozano, R, Saute, RL, Razek, MMAE, Makki, A, Malik, AA, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Mantovani, LG, Martins-Melo, FR, Matthews, PC, Medina, JRC, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AG, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Milne, GJ, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei, HR, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamed, TA, Mohammad, KA, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohapatra, A, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Al Montasir, A, Moore, CE, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mueller, UO, Munro, SB, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Naveed, M, Nayak, BP, Negoi, I, Kandel, SN, Nguyen, TH, Nikbakhsh, R, Ningrum, DNA, Nixon, MR, Nnaji, CA, Noubiap, JJ, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, VE, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Onwujekwe, OE, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Park, E-C, Kan, FP, Pathak, M, Paudel, R, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Peres, MFP, Perianayagam, A, Pinheiro, M, Pirestani, M, Podder, V, Polibin, R, Pollok, RCG, Postma, MJ, Pottoo, FH, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmawaty, S, Rajesh, A, Ramshaw, RE, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezai, MS, Rios-Blancas, M, Rogowski, ELB, Ronfani, L, Rwegerera, GM, Saad, AM, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeb, MR, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, MA, Salam, N, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sartorius, B, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saxena, D, Saxena, S, Seidu, A-A, Seylani, A, Shaikh, MA, Shamsizadeh, M, Shetty, PH, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Sidemo, NB, Singh, A, Singh, JA, Sinha, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soheili, A, Tadesse, EG, Tamiru, AT, Tan, K-K, Tekalegn, Y, Temsah, M-H, Thakur, B, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tohidinik, HR, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Tripathi, M, Tsegaye, B, Tsegaye, GW, Ullah, A, Ullah, S, Unim, B, Vacante, M, Velazquez, DZ, Vo, B, Vollmer, S, Giang, TV, Linh, GV, Waheed, Y, Winkler, AS, Wiysonge, CS, Yigit, V, Yirdaw, BW, Yon, DK, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zewdie, DT, Zhang, Z-J, Zhong, C, Zumla, A, Murray, CJL, Lim, SS, Mosser, JF, Galles, NC, Liu, PY, Updike, RL, Fullman, N, Nguyen, J, Rolfe, S, Sbarra, AN, Schipp, MF, Marks, A, Abady, GG, Abbas, KM, Abbasi, SW, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, AE, Adabi, M, Adamu, AA, Adetokunboh, OO, Adnani, QES, Advani, SM, Afzal, S, Aghamir, SMK, Ahinkorah, BO, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, MB, Rashid, TA, Salih, YA, Akalu, Y, Aklilu, A, Akunna, CJ, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Albano, L, Alemayehu, Y, Alene, KA, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alhassan, RK, Ali, L, Aljunid, SM, Almustanyir, S, Altirkawi, KA, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amu, H, Andrei, CL, Andrei, T, Ansar, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonazzo, IC, Antony, B, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Artanti, KD, Arulappan, J, Awan, AT, Awoke, MA, Ayza, MA, Azarian, G, Azzam, AY, Darshan, BB, Babar, Z-U-D, Balakrishnan, S, Banach, M, Bante, SA, Barnighausen, TW, Barqawi, HJ, Barrow, A, Bassat, Q, Bayarmagnai, N, Ramirez, DFB, Bekuma, TT, Belay, HG, Belgaumi, UI, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Boloor, A, Braithwaite, D, Buonsenso, D, Butt, ZA, Camargos, P, Carreras, G, Carvalho, F, Castaneda-Orjuela, CA, Chakinala, RC, Charan, J, Chatterjee, S, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chowdhury, FR, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Chung, S-C, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Couto, RAS, Dadras, O, Dagnew, AB, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, De Neve, J-W, Molla, MD, Derseh, BT, Desai, R, Desta, AA, Dhamnetiya, D, Dhimal, ML, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Edem, B, Edinur, HA, Eftekharzadeh, S, El Sayed, I, Zaki, MES, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Elsharkawy, A, Enany, S, Erkhembayar, R, Esezobor, CI, Eskandarieh, S, Ezeonwumelu, IJ, Ezzikouri, S, Fares, J, Faris, PS, Feleke, BE, Ferede, TY, Fernandes, E, Fernandes, JC, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Francis, MR, Fukumoto, T, Gad, MM, Gaidhane, S, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Gebre, T, Gebregiorgis, BG, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremichael, B, Gessner, BD, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, SA, Glavan, I-R, Glushkova, EV, Golechha, M, Gonfa, KB, Gopalani, SV, Goudarzi, H, Gubari, MIM, Guo, Y, Gupta, VB, Gupta, VK, Gutierrez, RA, Haeuser, E, Halwani, R, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Haque, S, Harapan, H, Hargono, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassanein, MH, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Hegazy, M, Heidari, G, Hezam, K, Holla, R, Hoque, ME, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Househ, M, Hsieh, VC-R, Huang, J, Humayun, A, Hussain, R, Hussein, NR, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, IM, Ilic, MD, Inamdar, S, Iqbal, U, Irham, LM, Irvani, SSN, Islam, SMS, Ismail, NE, Itumalla, R, Jha, RP, Joukar, F, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalhor, R, Kamal, Z, Kamande, SM, Kandel, H, Karch, A, Kassahun, G, Kassebaum, NJ, Katoto, PD, Kelkay, B, Kengne, AP, Khader, YS, Khajuria, H, Khalil, IA, Khan, EA, Khan, G, Khan, J, Khan, M, Ab Khan, M, Khang, Y-H, Khoja, AT, Khubchandani, J, Kim, GR, Kim, MS, Kim, YJ, Kimokoti, RW, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Korshunov, VA, Kosen, S, Defo, BK, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, A, Kumar, GA, Kumar, N, Kwarteng, A, La Vecchia, C, Lami, FH, Landires, I, Lasrado, S, Lassi, ZS, Lee, H, Lee, YY, Levi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, S, Liu, X, Lobo, SW, Lopukhov, PD, Lozano, R, Saute, RL, Razek, MMAE, Makki, A, Malik, AA, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Mantovani, LG, Martins-Melo, FR, Matthews, PC, Medina, JRC, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, EW, Meretoja, TJ, Mersha, AG, Mesregah, MK, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Milne, GJ, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei, HR, Misra, S, Mithra, P, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamed, TA, Mohammad, KA, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohapatra, A, Mokdad, AH, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, MA, Al Montasir, A, Moore, CE, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Mueller, UO, Munro, SB, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, MD, Naveed, M, Nayak, BP, Negoi, I, Kandel, SN, Nguyen, TH, Nikbakhsh, R, Ningrum, DNA, Nixon, MR, Nnaji, CA, Noubiap, JJ, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nwatah, VE, Oancea, B, Ochir, C, Ogbo, FA, Olagunju, AT, Olakunde, BO, Onwujekwe, OE, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, Owolabi, MO, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Park, E-C, Kan, FP, Pathak, M, Paudel, R, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Peres, MFP, Perianayagam, A, Pinheiro, M, Pirestani, M, Podder, V, Polibin, R, Pollok, RCG, Postma, MJ, Pottoo, FH, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rahmani, AM, Rahmawaty, S, Rajesh, A, Ramshaw, RE, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, CR, Rao, SJ, Rathi, P, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, AMN, Rezaei, N, Rezai, MS, Rios-Blancas, M, Rogowski, ELB, Ronfani, L, Rwegerera, GM, Saad, AM, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Saeb, MR, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, MA, Salam, N, Salimzadeh, H, Samaei, M, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, MM, Sartorius, B, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Saxena, D, Saxena, S, Seidu, A-A, Seylani, A, Shaikh, MA, Shamsizadeh, M, Shetty, PH, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Sidemo, NB, Singh, A, Singh, JA, Sinha, S, Skryabin, VY, Skryabina, AA, Soheili, A, Tadesse, EG, Tamiru, AT, Tan, K-K, Tekalegn, Y, Temsah, M-H, Thakur, B, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tohidinik, HR, Tovani-Palone, MR, Traini, E, Bach, XT, Tripathi, M, Tsegaye, B, Tsegaye, GW, Ullah, A, Ullah, S, Unim, B, Vacante, M, Velazquez, DZ, Vo, B, Vollmer, S, Giang, TV, Linh, GV, Waheed, Y, Winkler, AS, Wiysonge, CS, Yigit, V, Yirdaw, BW, Yon, DK, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Yuce, D, Yunusa, I, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zewdie, DT, Zhang, Z-J, Zhong, C, Zumla, A, Murray, CJL, Lim, SS, and Mosser, JF
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. METHODS: For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dose-specific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in country-reported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis [DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. FINDINGS: By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81·6% [95% uncertainty interval 80·4-82·7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39·9% [37·5-42·1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38·5% [35·4-41·3] in 1980 to 83·6% [82·3-84·8] in 2019). Third-dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42·6% (41·4-44·1) in 1980 to 79·8% (78·4-81·1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019
Published: 2021

19. Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: James, SL, Castle, CD, Dingels, ZV, Fox, JT, Hamilton, EB, Liu, Z, S Roberts, NL, Sylte, DO, Henry, NJ, LeGrand, KE, Abdelalim, A, Abdoli, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abedi, A, Abosetugn, AE, Abushouk, AI, Adebayo, OM, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahmad, T, Ahmed, R, Ahmed, MB, Eddine Aichour, MT, Alahdab, F, Alamene, GM, Alanezi, FM, Alebel, A, Alema, NM, Alghnam, SA, Al-Hajj, S, Ali, BA, Ali, S, Alikhani, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, NA, Altirkawi, K, Abdeldayem Amer, YS, Amini, S, Loreche Amit, AM, Andrei, CL, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, T Antonio, CA, Yaw Appiah, SC, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Ariani, F, Arora, A, Asaad, M, Asghari, B, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Azari, S, Azarian, G, Badawi, A, Badiye, AD, Bagli, E, Baig, AA, Bairwa, M, Bakhtiari, A, Balachandran, A, Banach, M, Banerjee, SK, Banik, PC, Banstola, A, Barker-Collo, SL, Bärnighausen, TW, Barrero, LH, Barzegar, A, Bayati, M, Baye, BA, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Bekuma, TT, Belete, H, Benjet, C, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Berhe, K, Bhardwaj, P, Bhat, AG, Bhattacharyya, K, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bin Sayeed, MS, Borges, G, Borzì, AM, Boufous, S, Brazinova, A, Briko, NI, Budhathoki, SS, Car, J, Cárdenas, R, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Castelpietra, G, Catalá-López, F, Cerin, E, Chandan, JS, Chanie, WF, Chattu, SK, Chattu, VK, Chatziralli, I, Chaudhary, N, Cho, DY, Kabir Chowdhury, MA, Chu, D-T, Colquhoun, SM, Constantin, M-M, Costa, VM, Damiani, G, Daryani, A, Dávila-Cervantes, CA, Demeke, FM, Demis, AB, Demoz, GT, Demsie, DG, Derakhshani, A, Deribe, K, Desai, R, Nasab, MD, da Silva, DD, Dibaji Forooshani, ZS, Doyle, KE, Driscoll, TR, Dubljanin, E, Adema, BD, Eagan, AW, Eftekhari, A, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Sayed Zaki, ME, Elemineh, DA, El-Jaafary, SI, El-Khatib, Z, Ellingsen, CL, Emamian, MH, Endalew, DA, Eskandarieh, S, Faris, PS, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fatahi, Y, Fekadu, W, Ferede, TY, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Feyissa, GT, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Folayan, MO, Foroutan, M, Francis, JM, Franklin, RC, Fukumoto, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Gebre, AK, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremeskel, GG, Gebremichael, B, Gedefaw, GA, Geta, B, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Gill, TK, Goulart, AC, Grada, A, Grivna, M, Mohialdeen Gubari, MI, Guimarães, RA, Guo, Y, Gupta, G, Haagsma, JA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Bidgoli, HH, Hall, BJ, Hamadeh, RR, Hamidi, S, Haro, JM, Hasan, MM, Hasanzadeh, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hassen, HY, Havmoeller, R, Hayat, K, Hendrie, D, Heydarpour, F, Híjar, M, Ho, HC, Hoang, CL, Hole, MK, Holla, R, Hossain, N, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hu, G, Ibitoye, SE, Ilesanmi, OS, Ilic, I, Ilic, MD, Inbaraj, LR, Indriasih, E, Naghibi Irvani, SS, Shariful Islam, SM, Islam, MM, Ivers, RQ, Jacobsen, KH, Jahani, MA, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, M, Jalilian, F, Jayaraman, S, Jayatilleke, AU, Jha, RP, John-Akinola, YO, Jonas, JB, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Jungari, SB, Jürisson, M, Kabir, A, Kadel, R, Kahsay, A, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamil, TA, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Karami, M, Kasaeian, A, Kassaye, HG, Kavetskyy, T, Kebede, HK, Keiyoro, PN, Kelbore, AG, Kelkay, B, Khader, YS, Khafaie, MA, Khalid, N, Khalil, IA, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, EA, Khan, M, Khanna, T, Khazaie, H, Shadmani, FK, Khundkar, R, Kiirithio, DN, Kim, Y-E, Kim, D, Kim, YJ, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Komaki, H, M Kondlahalli, SK, Korshunov, VA, Koyanagi, A, G Kraemer, MU, Krishan, K, Bicer, BK, Kugbey, N, Kumar, V, Kumar, N, Kumar, GA, Kumar, M, Kumaresh, G, Kurmi, OP, Kuti, O, Vecchia, CL, Lami, FH, Lamichhane, P, Lang, JJ, Lansingh, VC, Laryea, DO, Lasrado, S, Latifi, A, Lauriola, P, Leasher, JL, Huey Lee, SW, Lenjebo, TL, Levi, M, Li, S, Linn, S, Liu, X, Lopez, AD, Lotufo, PA, Lunevicius, R, Lyons, RA, Madadin, M, El Razek, MMA, Mahotra, NB, Majdan, M, Majeed, A, Malagon-Rojas, JN, Maled, V, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, DC, Manafi, N, Manafi, A, 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Subjects: Life Expectancy, Incidence, burden of disease, descriptive epidemiology, global, Humans, Wounds and Injuries, Public Health, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Morbidity, Global Health, 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1701 Psychology, Global Burden of Disease
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Past research in population health trends has shown that injuries form a substantial burden of population health loss. Regular updates to injury burden assessments are critical. We report Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study estimates on morbidity and mortality for all injuries.; METHODS: We reviewed results for injuries from the GBD 2017 study. GBD 2017 measured injury-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. To measure non-fatal injuries, GBD 2017 modelled injury-specific incidence and converted this to prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). YLLs and YLDs were summed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).; FINDINGS: In 1990, there were 4 260 493 (4 085 700 to 4 396 138) injury deaths, which increased to 4 484 722 (4 332 010 to 4 585 554) deaths in 2017, while age-standardised mortality decreased from 1079 (1073 to 1086) to 738 (730 to 745) per 100000. In 1990, there were 354064302 (95% uncertainty interval: 338174876 to 371 610 802) new cases of injury globally, which increased to 520 710 288 (493 430 247 to 547 988 635) new cases in 2017. During this time, age-standardised incidence decreased non-significantly from 6824 (6534 to 7147) to 6763 (6412 to 7118) per 100000. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALYs decreased from 4947 (4655 to 5233) per 100000 to 3267 (3058 to 3505).; INTERPRETATION: Injuries are an important cause of health loss globally, though mortality has declined between 1990 and 2017. Future research in injury burden should focus on prevention in high-burden populations, improving data collection and ensuring access to medical care. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.
Published: 2020

20. The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

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Chung SC, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cowie BC, Daryani A, de Courten B, Demoz GT, Desai R, Dharmaratne SD, Djalalinia S, Do HT, Dorostkar F, Drake TM, Dubey M, Duncan BB, Effiong A, Eftekhari A, Elsharkawy A, Etemadi A, Farahmand M, Farzadfar F, Fernandes E, Filip I, Fischer F, Gebremedhin KBB, Geta B, Gilani SA, Gill PS, Gutirrez RA, Haile MT, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hamid SS, Hasankhani M, Hasanzadeh A, Hashemian M, Hassen HY, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari B, Henok A, Hoang CL, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Hsieh VC, Igumbor EU, Ilesanmi OS, Irvani SSN, Jafari Balalami N, James SL, Jeemon P, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Jozwiak JJ, Kabir A, Kasaeian A, Kassaye HG, Kefale AT, Khalilov R, Khan MA, Khan EA, Khater A, Kim YJ, Koyanagi A, La Vecchia C, Lim LL, Lopez AD, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lozano R, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Mai HT, Manafi N, Manafi A, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Mazzaglia G, Mehta D, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha MM, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miller TR, Mirrakhimov EM, Mithra P, Moazen B, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Montero-Zamora PA, Moradi G, Naimzada MD, Nayak V, Negoi I, Nguyen TH, Ofori-Asenso R, Oh IH, Olagunju TO, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Pathak M, Pourshams A, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiei A, Ramezanzadeh K, Rana SMM, Rawaf S, Rawaf DL, Reiner RC Jr, Roever L, Room R, Roshandel G, Safari S, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sartorius B, Schmidt MI, Senthilkumaran S, Shaikh MA, Sharif M, Sharifi A, Shigematsu M, Singh JA, Soheili A, Suleria HAR, Teklehaimanot BF, Tesfay BE, Vacante M, Vahedian-Azimi A, Valdez PR, Vasankari TJ, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Weldegwergs KG, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Wondafrash DZ, Wondmieneh AB, Yeshitila YG, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zarghi A, Zelber-Sagi S, Zewdie KA, Zhang ZJ, Zhao XJ, Naghavi M, and Malekzadeh R.
Abstract: Background: Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (collectively referred to as cirrhosis in this paper) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, although the burden and underlying causes differ across locations and demographic groups. We report on results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 on the burden of cirrhosis and its trends since 1990, by cause, sex, and age, for 195 countries and territories. Methods: We used data from vital registrations, vital registration samples, and verbal autopsies to estimate mortality. We modelled prevalence of total, compensated, and decompensated cirrhosis on the basis of hospital and claims data. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. Estimates are presented as numbers and age-standardised or age-specific rates per 100 000 population, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). All estimates are presented for five causes of cirrhosis: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and other causes. We compared mortality, prevalence, and DALY estimates with those expected according to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) as a proxy for the development status of regions and countries. Findings: In 2017, cirrhosis caused more than 1·32 million (95% UI 1·27–1·45) deaths (440 000 [416 000–518 000; 33·3%] in females and 883 000 [838 000–967 000; 66·7%] in males) globally, compared with less than 899 000 (829 000–948 000) deaths in 1990. Deaths due to cirrhosis constituted 2·4% (2·3–2·6) of total deaths globally in 2017 compared with 1·9% (1·8–2·0) in 1990. Despite an increase in the number of deaths, the age-standardised death rate decreased from 21·0 (19·2–22·3) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 16·5 (15·8–18·1) per 100 000 population in 2017. Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest age-standardised death rate among GBD super-regions fo
Published: 2020

21. The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Sepanlou, SG, Safiri, S, Bisignano, C, Ikuta, KS, Merat, S, Saberifiroozi, M, Poustchi, H, Tsoi, D, Colombara, DV, Abdoli, A, Adedoyin, RA, Afarideh, M, Agrawal, S, Ahmad, S, Ahmadian, E, Ahmadpour, E, Akinyemiju, T, Akunna, CJ, Alipour, V, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almulhim, AM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Anber, NH, Angus, C, Anoushiravani, A, Arabloo, J, Araya, EM, Asmelash, D, Ataeinia, B, Ataro, Z, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, F, Awasthi, A, Badawi, A, Banach, M, Bejarano Ramirez, DF, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhala, N, Bhattacharyya, K, Biondi, A, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Borzi, AM, Butt, ZA, Alberto Camera, LLA, Campos-Nonato, IR, Carvalho, F, Dinh-Toi, C, Chung, S-C, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Cowie, BC, Daryani, A, de Courten, B, Demoz, GT, Desai, R, Dharmaratne, SD, Djalalinia, S, Hoa, TD, Dorostkar, F, Drake, TM, Dubey, M, Duncan, BB, Effiong, A, Eftekhari, A, Elsharkawy, A, Etemadi, A, Farahmand, M, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, E, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Gebremedhin, KBB, Geta, B, Gilani, SA, Gill, PS, Alma Gutierrez, R, Haile, MT, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamid, SS, Hasankhani, M, Hasanzadeh, A, Hashemian, M, Hassen, HY, Hay, SI, Hayat, K, Heidari, B, Henok, A, Chi, LH, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hsieh, VC-R, Igumbor, EU, Ilesanmi, OS, Irvani, SSN, Balalami, NJ, James, SL, Jeemon, P, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Jozwiak, JJ, Kabir, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassaye, HG, Kefale, AT, Khan, RKMA, Khan, EA, Khater, A, Kim, YJ, Koyanagi, A, La Vecchia, C, Lim, L-L, Lopez, AD, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, PA, Lozano, R, Abd El Razek, MM, Hue, TM, Manafi, N, Manafi, A, Mansournia, MA, Mantovani, LG, Mazzaglia, G, Mehta, D, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, MM, Meretoja, TJ, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miller, TR, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mithra, P, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Montero-Zamora, PA, Moradi, G, Naimzada, MD, Nayak, V, Negoi, I, Trang, HN, Ofori-Asenso, R, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, TO, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Pathak, M, Pourshams, A, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, SMM, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, DL, Reiner, RC, Roever, L, Room, R, Roshandel, G, Safari, S, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sartorius, B, Schmidt, MI, Senthilkumaran, S, Shaikh, MA, Sharif, M, Sharifi, A, Shigematsu, M, Singh, JA, Soheili, A, Suleria, HAR, Teklehaimanot, BF, Tesfay, BE, Vacante, M, Vahedian-Azimi, A, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Weldegwergs, KG, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Wondafrash, DZ, Wondmieneh, AB, Yeshitila, YG, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, Zarghi, A, Zelber-Sagi, S, Zewdie, KA, Zhang, Z-J, Zhao, X-J, Naghavi, M, Malekzadeh, R, Sepanlou, SG, Safiri, S, Bisignano, C, Ikuta, KS, Merat, S, Saberifiroozi, M, Poustchi, H, Tsoi, D, Colombara, DV, Abdoli, A, Adedoyin, RA, Afarideh, M, Agrawal, S, Ahmad, S, Ahmadian, E, Ahmadpour, E, Akinyemiju, T, Akunna, CJ, Alipour, V, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almulhim, AM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alvis-Guzman, N, Anber, NH, Angus, C, Anoushiravani, A, Arabloo, J, Araya, EM, Asmelash, D, Ataeinia, B, Ataro, Z, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, F, Awasthi, A, Badawi, A, Banach, M, Bejarano Ramirez, DF, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhala, N, Bhattacharyya, K, Biondi, A, Bolla, SR, Boloor, A, Borzi, AM, Butt, ZA, Alberto Camera, LLA, Campos-Nonato, IR, Carvalho, F, Dinh-Toi, C, Chung, S-C, Cortesi, PA, Costa, VM, Cowie, BC, Daryani, A, de Courten, B, Demoz, GT, Desai, R, Dharmaratne, SD, Djalalinia, S, Hoa, TD, Dorostkar, F, Drake, TM, Dubey, M, Duncan, BB, Effiong, A, Eftekhari, A, Elsharkawy, A, Etemadi, A, Farahmand, M, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, E, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Gebremedhin, KBB, Geta, B, Gilani, SA, Gill, PS, Alma Gutierrez, R, Haile, MT, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamid, SS, Hasankhani, M, Hasanzadeh, A, Hashemian, M, Hassen, HY, Hay, SI, Hayat, K, Heidari, B, Henok, A, Chi, LH, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hsieh, VC-R, Igumbor, EU, Ilesanmi, OS, Irvani, SSN, Balalami, NJ, James, SL, Jeemon, P, Jha, RP, Jonas, JB, Jozwiak, JJ, Kabir, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassaye, HG, Kefale, AT, Khan, RKMA, Khan, EA, Khater, A, Kim, YJ, Koyanagi, A, La Vecchia, C, Lim, L-L, Lopez, AD, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, PA, Lozano, R, Abd El Razek, MM, Hue, TM, Manafi, N, Manafi, A, Mansournia, MA, Mantovani, LG, Mazzaglia, G, Mehta, D, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, MM, Meretoja, TJ, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miller, TR, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mithra, P, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, AH, Montero-Zamora, PA, Moradi, G, Naimzada, MD, Nayak, V, Negoi, I, Trang, HN, Ofori-Asenso, R, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, TO, Padubidri, JR, Pakshir, K, Pana, A, Pathak, M, Pourshams, A, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, SMM, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, DL, Reiner, RC, Roever, L, Room, R, Roshandel, G, Safari, S, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Sartorius, B, Schmidt, MI, Senthilkumaran, S, Shaikh, MA, Sharif, M, Sharifi, A, Shigematsu, M, Singh, JA, Soheili, A, Suleria, HAR, Teklehaimanot, BF, Tesfay, BE, Vacante, M, Vahedian-Azimi, A, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Giang, TV, Waheed, Y, Weldegwergs, KG, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Wondafrash, DZ, Wondmieneh, AB, Yeshitila, YG, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, Zarghi, A, Zelber-Sagi, S, Zewdie, KA, Zhang, Z-J, Zhao, X-J, Naghavi, M, and Malekzadeh, R
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (collectively referred to as cirrhosis in this paper) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, although the burden and underlying causes differ across locations and demographic groups. We report on results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 on the burden of cirrhosis and its trends since 1990, by cause, sex, and age, for 195 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from vital registrations, vital registration samples, and verbal autopsies to estimate mortality. We modelled prevalence of total, compensated, and decompensated cirrhosis on the basis of hospital and claims data. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. Estimates are presented as numbers and age-standardised or age-specific rates per 100 000 population, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). All estimates are presented for five causes of cirrhosis: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and other causes. We compared mortality, prevalence, and DALY estimates with those expected according to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) as a proxy for the development status of regions and countries. FINDINGS: In 2017, cirrhosis caused more than 1·32 million (95% UI 1·27-1·45) deaths (440 000 [416 000-518 000; 33·3%] in females and 883 000 [838 000-967 000; 66·7%] in males) globally, compared with less than 899 000 (829 000-948 000) deaths in 1990. Deaths due to cirrhosis constituted 2·4% (2·3-2·6) of total deaths globally in 2017 compared with 1·9% (1·8-2·0) in 1990. Despite an increase in the number of deaths, the age-standardised death rate decreased from 21·0 (19·2-22·3) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 16·5 (15·8-18·1) per 100 000 population in 2017. Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest age-standardised death rate among GBD super-regions fo
Published: 2020

22. Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

Author: James, SL, Castle, CD, Dingels, ZV, Fox, JT, Hamilton, EB, Liu, Z, Roberts, NLS, Sylte, DO, Bertolacci, GJ, Cunningham, M, Henry, NJ, Catalá-López, F, Cerin, E, Chandan, JS, Chapman, JR, Chattu, VK, Chattu, SK, Chatziralli, I, Chaudhary, N, Cho, DY, Choi, J-YJ, LeGrand, KE, Kabir Chowdhury, MA, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Cicuttini, FM, Coelho, JM, Costa, VM, Dahlawi, SMA, Daryani, A, Dávila-Cervantes, CA, Leo, DD, Abdelalim, A, Demeke, FM, Demoz, GT, Demsie, DG, Deribe, K, Desai, R, Nasab, MD, Silva, DDD, Dibaji Forooshani, ZS, Do, HT, Doyle, KE, Abdollahpour, I, Driscoll, TR, Dubljanin, E, Adema, BD, Eagan, AW, Elemineh, DA, El-Jaafary, SI, El-Khatib, Z, Ellingsen, CL, Zaki, MES, Eskandarieh, S, Abdulkader, RS, Eyawo, O, Faris, PS, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Fischer, F, Folayan, MO, Fomenkov, AA, Abedi, A, Foroutan, M, Francis, JM, Franklin, RC, Fukumoto, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Gebremariam, H, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremeskel, LG, Gebremeskel, GG, Gebremichael, B, Abegaz, KH, Gedefaw, GA, Geta, B, Getenet, AB, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Gheshlagh, RG, Gholamian, A, Gilani, SA, Gill, TK, Goudarzian, AH, Abosetugn, AE, Goulart, AC, Grada, A, Grivna, M, Guimarães, RA, Guo, Y, Gupta, G, Haagsma, JA, Hall, BJ, Hamadeh, RR, Hamidi, S, Abushouk, AI, Handiso, DW, Haro, JM, Hasanzadeh, A, Hassan, S, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hassen, HY, Havmoeller, R, Hendrie, D, Heydarpour, F, Adebayo, OM, Híjar, M, Ho, HC, Hoang, CL, Hole, MK, Holla, R, Hossain, N, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hu, G, Ibitoye, SE, Adsuar, JC, Ilesanmi, OS, Inbaraj, LR, Naghibi Irvani, SS, Mofizul Islam, M, Shariful Islam, SM, Ivers, RQ, Jahani, MA, Jakovljevic, M, Jalilian, F, Jayaraman, S, Advani, SM, Jayatilleke, AU, Jha, RP, John-Akinola, YO, Jonas, JB, Jones, KM, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, JJ, Jungari, SB, Jürisson, M, Agudelo-Botero, M, Kabir, A, Kahsay, A, Kalankesh, LR, Kalhor, R, Kamil, TA, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Karami, M, Kasaeian, A, Kassaye, HG, Ahmad, T, Kavetskyy, T, Kayode, GA, Keiyoro, PN, Kelbore, AG, Khader, YS, Khafaie, MA, Khalid, N, Khalil, IA, Khalilov, R, Khan, M, Ahmed, MB, Khan, EA, Khan, J, Khanna, T, Khazaei, S, Khazaie, H, Khundkar, R, Kiirithio, DN, Kim, Y-E, Kim, YJ, Kim, D, Ahmed, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Komaki, H, Kondlahalli, SKM, Koolivand, A, Korshunov, VA, Koyanagi, A, Kraemer, MUG, Krishan, K, Defo, BK, Eddine Aichour, MT, Bicer, BK, Kugbey, N, Kumar, N, Kumar, M, Kumar, V, Kumaresh, G, Lami, FH, Lansingh, VC, Lasrado, S, Alahdab, F, Latifi, A, Lauriola, P, Vecchia, CL, Leasher, JL, Huey Lee, SW, Li, S, Liu, X, Lopez, AD, Lotufo, PA, Lyons, RA, Alanezi, FM, Machado, DB, Madadin, M, Abd El Razek, MM, Mahotra, NB, Majdan, M, Majeed, A, Maled, V, Malta, DC, Manafi, N, Manafi, A, Alema, NM, Manda, A-L, Manjunatha, N, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, MA, Maravilla, JC, Mason-Jones, AJ, Masoumi, SZ, Massenburg, BB, Maulik, PK, Mehndiratta, MM, Alemu, BW, Melketsedik, ZA, Memiah, PTN, Mendoza, W, Menezes, RG, Mengesha, MM, Meretoja, TJ, Meretoja, A, Merie, HE, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Alghnam, SA, Miazgowski, T, Miller, TR, Mini, GK, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, EM, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M, Mithra, P, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamadi, E, Ali, BA, Mohammad, Y, Darwesh, AM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, JA, Mohebi, F, Mohseni Bandpei, MA, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Ali, S, Moodley, Y, Moradi, M, Moradi, G, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Morawska, L, Velásquez, IM, Morrison, SD, Mossie, TB, Muluneh, AG, Alinia, C, Musa, KI, Mustafa, G, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, AJ, Naik, G, Naimzada, MD, Najafi, F, Nangia, V, Nascimento, BR, Naserbakht, M, Alipour, V, Nayak, V, Nazari, J, Ndwandwe, DE, Negoi, I, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, TH, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, DN, Thi Nguyen, HL, Nikbakhsh, R, Aljunid, SM, Anggraini Ningrum, DN, Nnaji, CA, Ofori-Asenso, R, Ogbo, FA, Oghenetega, OB, Oh, I-H, Olagunju, AT, Olagunju, TO, Bali, AO, Onwujekwe, OE, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Orpana, HM, Ota, E, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, SS, P A, M, Padubidri, JR, Pakhale, S, Pakshir, K, Panda-Jonas, S, Park, E-K, Almasri, NA, Patel, SK, Pathak, A, Pati, S, Paulos, K, Peden, AE, Filipino Pepito, VC, Pereira, J, Phillips, MR, Polibin, RV, Polinder, S, Altirkawi, K, Pourmalek, F, Pourshams, A, Poustchi, H, Prakash, S, Angga Pribadi, DR, Puri, P, Syed, ZQ, Rabiee, N, Rabiee, M, Radfar, A, Abdeldayem Amer, YS, Rafay, A, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi, S, Rahman, MA, Rajabpour-Sanati, A, Rajati, F, Rakovac, I, Rao, SJ, Andrei, CL, Rashedi, V, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Renjith, V, Resnikoff, S, Rezapour, A, Ribeiro, AI, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Rickard, J, Rios González, CM, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Saddik, B, Safarpour, H, Safdarian, M, Mohammad Sajadi, S, Salamati, P, T Antonio, CA, Rashad Salem, MR, Salem, H, Salz, I, Samy, AM, Sanabria, J, Riera, LS, Santric Milicevic, MM, Sarker, AR, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Anvari, D, Sawhney, M, Sayyah, M, Schwebel, DC, Seedat, S, Senthilkumaran, S, Seyedmousavi, S, Sha, F, Shaahmadi, F, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, MA, Yaw Appiah, SC, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Sheikh, A, Shigematsu, M, Shin, JI, Shiri, R, Siabani, S, Sigfusdottir, ID, Singh, JA, Singh, PK, Sinha, DN, Arabloo, J, Soheili, A, Soriano, JB, Sorrie, MB, Soyiri, IN, Stokes, MA, Sufiyan, MB, Sykes, BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabb, KM, Taddele, BW, Arab-Zozani, M, Tefera, YM, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekulu, GH, Tesema Tesema, AK, Tesfay, BE, Thapar, R, Titova, MV, Tlaye, KG, Tohidinik, HR, Topor-Madry, R, Arefi, Z, Tran, KB, Tran, BX, Tripathy, JP, Tsai, AC, Tsatsakis, A, Car, LT, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Aremu, O, Uthman, OA, Valdez, PR, Vasankari, TJ, Veisani, Y, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, FS, Vlassov, V, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y-P, Wiangkham, T, Ariani, F, Wolde, HF, Woldeyes, DH, Wondmeneh, TG, Wondmieneh, AB, Wu, A-M, Wyper, GMA, Yadav, R, Yadollahpour, A, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Arora, A, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Ye, P, Yip, P, Yisma, E, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S-J, Youm, Y, Younis, MZ, Yousefi, Z, Yu, C, Asaad, M, Yu, Y, Moghadam, TZ, Zaidi, Z, Zaman, SB, Zamani, M, Zandian, H, Zarei, F, Zhang, Z-J, Zhang, Y, Ziapour, A, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Zodpey, S, Dandona, R, Dharmaratne, SD, Hay, SI, Mokdad, AH, Pigott, DM, Reiner, RC, Vos, T, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Azarian, G, Badawi, A, Badiye, AD, Baig, AA, Bairwa, M, Bakhtiari, A, Balachandran, A, Banach, M, Banerjee, SK, Banik, PC, Banstola, A, Barker-Collo, SL, Bärnighausen, TW, Barzegar, A, Bayati, M, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Belete, H, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Berhe, K, Bhagavathula, AS, Bhardwaj, P, Bhat, AG, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, ZA, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Boloor, A, Borges, G, Borschmann, R, Borzì, AM, Boufous, S, Braithwaite, D, Briko, NI, Brugha, T, Budhathoki, SS, Car, J, Cárdenas, R, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, JM, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Castelpietra, G, James, SL, Castle, CD, Dingels, ZV, Fox, JT, Hamilton, EB, Liu, Z, Roberts, NLS, Sylte, DO, Bertolacci, GJ, Cunningham, M, Henry, NJ, Catalá-López, F, Cerin, E, Chandan, JS, Chapman, JR, Chattu, VK, Chattu, SK, Chatziralli, I, Chaudhary, N, Cho, DY, Choi, J-YJ, LeGrand, KE, Kabir Chowdhury, MA, Christopher, DJ, Chu, D-T, Cicuttini, FM, Coelho, JM, Costa, VM, Dahlawi, SMA, Daryani, A, Dávila-Cervantes, CA, Leo, DD, Abdelalim, A, Demeke, FM, Demoz, GT, Demsie, DG, Deribe, K, Desai, R, Nasab, MD, Silva, DDD, Dibaji Forooshani, ZS, Do, HT, Doyle, KE, Abdollahpour, I, Driscoll, TR, Dubljanin, E, Adema, BD, Eagan, AW, Elemineh, DA, El-Jaafary, SI, El-Khatib, Z, Ellingsen, CL, Zaki, MES, Eskandarieh, S, Abdulkader, RS, Eyawo, O, Faris, PS, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fereshtehnejad, S-M, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Fischer, F, Folayan, MO, Fomenkov, AA, Abedi, A, Foroutan, M, Francis, JM, Franklin, RC, Fukumoto, T, Geberemariyam, BS, Gebremariam, H, Gebremedhin, KB, Gebremeskel, LG, Gebremeskel, GG, Gebremichael, B, 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Abstract: BACKGROUND: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria. METHODS: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then estimating incidence for every cause of injury. Non-fatal disability for each cause is then calculated based on the probabilities of suffering from different types of bodily injury experienced. RESULTS: GBD 2017 produced morbidity and mortality estimates for 38 causes of injury. Estimates were produced in terms of incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life-years for a 28-year period for 22 age groups, 195 countries and both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: GBD 2017 demonstrated a complex and sophisticated series of analytical steps using the largest known database of morbidity and mortality data on injuries. GBD 2017 results should be used to help inform injury prevention policy making and resource allocation. We also identify important avenues for improving injury burden estimation in the future.
Published: 2020

23. Global trends of hand and wrist trauma: a systematic analysis of fracture and digit amputation using the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

Author: Crowe, CS, Massenburg, BB, Morrison, SD, Chang, J, Friedrich, JB, Abady, GG, Alahdab, F, Alipour, V, Arabloo, J, Asaad, M, Banach, M, Bijani, A, Borzi, AM, Briko, NI, Castle, CD, Cho, DY, Chung, MT, Daryani, A, Demoz, GT, Dingels, ZV, Do, HTP, Fischer, F, Fox, JT, Fukumoto, T, Gebre, AK, Gebremichael, B, Haagsma, Juanita, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Handiso, DW, Hay, SI, Hoang, CL, Irvani, SSN, Jozwiak, JJ, Kalhor, R, Kasaeian, A, Khader, YS, Khalilov, R, Khan, EA, Khundkar, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Liu, ZC, Majdan, M, Manafi, N, Manafi, A, Manda, AL, Meretoja, TJ, Miller, TR, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Bandpei, MAM, Mokdad, AH, Naimzada, MD, Ndwandwe, DE, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Olagunju, AT, Olagunju, TO, Pham, HQ, Pribadi, DRA, Rabiee, N, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranganathan, K, Roberts, NLS, Roever, L, Safari, S, Samy, AM, Riera, LS, Shahabi, S, Smarandache, CG, Sylte, DO, Tesfay, BE, Tran, BX, Ullah, I, Vahedi, P, Vahedian-Azimi, A, Vos, T, Woldeyes, DH, Wondmieneh, AB, Zhang, ZJ, James, SL, Crowe, CS, Massenburg, BB, Morrison, SD, Chang, J, Friedrich, JB, Abady, GG, Alahdab, F, Alipour, V, Arabloo, J, Asaad, M, Banach, M, Bijani, A, Borzi, AM, Briko, NI, Castle, CD, Cho, DY, Chung, MT, Daryani, A, Demoz, GT, Dingels, ZV, Do, HTP, Fischer, F, Fox, JT, Fukumoto, T, Gebre, AK, Gebremichael, B, Haagsma, Juanita, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Handiso, DW, Hay, SI, Hoang, CL, Irvani, SSN, Jozwiak, JJ, Kalhor, R, Kasaeian, A, Khader, YS, Khalilov, R, Khan, EA, Khundkar, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Liu, ZC, Majdan, M, Manafi, N, Manafi, A, Manda, AL, Meretoja, TJ, Miller, TR, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Bandpei, MAM, Mokdad, AH, Naimzada, MD, Ndwandwe, DE, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, HLT, Olagunju, AT, Olagunju, TO, Pham, HQ, Pribadi, DRA, Rabiee, N, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranganathan, K, Roberts, NLS, Roever, L, Safari, S, Samy, AM, Riera, LS, Shahabi, S, Smarandache, CG, Sylte, DO, Tesfay, BE, Tran, BX, Ullah, I, Vahedi, P, Vahedian-Azimi, A, Vos, T, Woldeyes, DH, Wondmieneh, AB, Zhang, ZJ, and James, SL
Published: 2020

24. Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020

Author: Dana Bryazka, Marissa B Reitsma, Max G Griswold, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Cristiana Abbafati, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Amir Abdoli, Mohammad Abdollahi, Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah, E S Abhilash, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Juan Manuel Acuna, Giovanni Addolorato, Oladimeji M Adebayo, Victor Adekanmbi, Kishor Adhikari, Sangeet Adhikari, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Saira Afzal, Wubetu Yimam Agegnehu, Manik Aggarwal, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmad, Ali Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadi, Haroon Ahmed, Tarik Ahmed Rashid, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Hanadi Al Hamad, Md Zakiul Alam, Dejene Tsegaye Alem, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Yousef Alimohamadi, Atiyeh Alizadeh, Kasim Allel, Jordi Alonso, Saba Alvand, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Firehiwot Amare, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Sohrab Amiri, Robert Ancuceanu, Jason A Anderson, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Jalal Arabloo, Muhammad Arshad, Anton A Artamonov, Zahra Aryan, Malke Asaad, Mulusew A Asemahagn, Thomas Astell-Burt, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Prince Atorkey, Alok Atreya, Floriane Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre ayanore Ayanore, Olatunde O Ayinde, Jose L Ayuso-Mateos, Sina Azadnajafabad, Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw, Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy, Amirhossein Azari Jafari, Ahmed Y Azzam, Ashish D Badiye, Nasser Bagheri, Sara Bagherieh, Mohan Bairwa, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Ravleen Kaur Bakshi, Awraris Hailu Balchut/Bilchut, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Fabio Barra, Amadou Barrow, Pritish Baskaran, Luis Belo, Derrick A Bennett, Isabela M Benseñor, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Neeraj Bhala, Ashish Bhalla, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Sonu Bhaskar, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Vijayalakshmi S Bhojaraja, Bagas Suryo Bintoro, Elena A Elena Blokhina, Belay Boda Abule Bodicha, Archith Boloor, Cristina Bosetti, Dejana Braithwaite, Hermann Brenner, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Andre R Brunoni, Zahid A Butt, Chao Cao, Yin Cao, Rosario Cárdenas, Andre F Carvalho, Márcia Carvalho, Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Giulio Castelpietra, Luis F S Castro-de-Araujo, Maria Sofia Cattaruzza, Promit Ananyo Chakraborty, Jaykaran Charan, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Nicolas Cherbuin, Dinh-Toi Chu, Nandita Chudal, Sheng-Chia Chung, Chuchu Churko, Liliana G Ciobanu, Massimo Cirillo, Rafael M Claro, Simona Costanzo, Richard G Cowden, Michael H Criqui, Natália Cruz-Martins, Garland T Culbreth, Berihun Assefa Dachew, Omid Dadras, Xiaochen Dai, Giovanni Damiani, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Beniam Darge Daniel, Anna Danielewicz, Jiregna Darega Gela, Kairat Davletov, Jacyra Azevedo Paiva de Araujo, Antonio Reis de Sá-Junior, Sisay Abebe Debela, Azizallah Dehghan, Andreas K Demetriades, Meseret Derbew Molla, Rupak Desai, Abebaw Alemayehu Desta, Diana Dias da Silva, Daniel Diaz, Lankamo Ena Digesa, Mengistie Diress, Milad Dodangeh, Deepa Dongarwar, Fariba Dorostkar, Haneil Larson Dsouza, Bereket Duko, Bruce B Duncan, Kristina Edvardsson, Michael Ekholuenetale, Frank J Elgar, Muhammed Elhadi, Mohamed A Elmonem, Aman Yesuf Endries, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Azin Etemadimanesh, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev, Fatemeh Farahmand, Carla Sofia e Sá Farinha, Andre Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Ali Fatehizadeh, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Valery L Feigin, Rachel Feldman, Xiaoqi Feng, Zinabu Fentaw, Simone Ferrero, Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Joel Msafiri Francis, Richard Charles Franklin, Peter Andras Gaal, Mohamed M Gad, Silvano Gallus, Fabio Galvano, Balasankar Ganesan, Tushar Garg, Mesfin Gebrehiwot Damtew Gebrehiwot, Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel, Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael, Tadele Regasa Gemechu, Lemma Getacher, Motuma Erena Getachew, Abera Getachew Obsa, Asmare Getie, Amir Ghaderi, Mansour Ghafourifard, Alireza Ghajar, Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari, Lilian A Ghandour, Mohammad Ghasemi Nour, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Sherief Ghozy, Franklin N Glozah, Ekaterina Vladimirovna Glushkova, Justyna Godos, Amit Goel, Salime Goharinezhad, Mahaveer Golechha, Pouya Goleij, Mohamad Golitaleb, Felix Greaves, Michal Grivna, Giuseppe Grosso, Temesgen Worku Gudayu, Bhawna Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Brian J Hall, Rabih Halwani, Tiilahun Beyene Handiso, Graeme J Hankey, Sanam Hariri, Josep Maria Haro, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam, Simon I Hay, Khezar Hayat, Golnaz Heidari, Mohammad Heidari, Delia Hendrie, Claudiu Herteliu, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Kamal Hezam, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni Hlongwa, Ramesh Holla, Md Mahbub Hossain, Sahadat Hossain, Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini, Mehdi hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Sorin Hostiuc, Guoqing Hu, Junjie Huang, Salman Hussain, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, Mustapha Immurana, Lalu Muhammad Irham, M Mofizul Islam, Rakibul M Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Hiroyasu Iso, Ramaiah Itumalla, Masao Iwagami, Roxana Jabbarinejad, Louis Jacob, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Zahra Jamalpoor, Elham Jamshidi, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Umesh Umesh Jayarajah, Ranil Jayawardena, Rime Jebai, Seyed Ali Jeddi, Alelign Tasew Jema, Ravi Prakash Jha, Har Ashish Jindal, Jost B Jonas, Tamas Joo, Nitin Joseph, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Ali Kabir, Robel Hussen Kabthymer, Bhushan Dattatray Kamble, Himal Kandel, Girum Gebremeskel Kanno, Neeti Kapoor, Ibraheem M Karaye, Salah Eddin Karimi, Bekalu Getnet Kassa, Rimple Jeet Kaur, Gbenga A Kayode, Mohammad Keykhaei, Himanshu Khajuria, Rovshan Khalilov, Imteyaz A Khan, Moien AB Khan, Hanna Kim, Jihee Kim, Min Seo Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Mika Kivimäki, Vitalii Klymchuk, Ann Kristin Skrindo Knudsen, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy, G Anil Kumar, Narinder Kumar, Nithin Kumar, Ben Lacey, Tea Lallukka, Savita Lasrado, Jerrald Lau, Sang-woong Lee, Wei-Chen Lee, Yo Han Lee, Lee-Ling Lim, Stephen S Lim, Stany W Lobo, Platon D Lopukhov, Stefan Lorkowski, Rafael Lozano, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Farzan Madadizadeh, Áurea M Madureira-Carvalho, Soleiman Mahjoub, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Rashidul Alam Mahumud, Alaa Makki, Mohammad-Reza Malekpour, Narayana Manjunatha, Borhan Mansouri, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Jose Martinez-Raga, Francisco A Martinez-Villa, Richard Matzopoulos, Pallab K Maulik, Mahsa Mayeli, John J McGrath, Jitendra Kumar Meena, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Ritesh G Menezes, Gert B M Mensink, Alexios-Fotios A Mentis, Atte Meretoja, Bedasa Taye Merga, Tomislav Mestrovic, Junmei Miao Jonasson, Bartosz Miazgowski, Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ted R Miller, GK Mini, Andreea Mirica, Antonio Mirijello, Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni, Erkin M Mirrakhimov, Sanjeev Misra, Babak Moazen, Maryam Mobarakabadi, Marcello Moccia, Yousef Mohammad, Esmaeil Mohammadi, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Teroj Abdulrahman Mohammed, Nagabhishek Moka, Ali H Mokdad, Sara Momtazmanesh, Yousef Moradi, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Sumaira Mubarik, Erin C Mullany, Beemnet Tekabe Mulugeta, Efrén Murillo-Zamora, Christopher J L Murray, Julius C Mwita, Mohsen Naghavi, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Vinay Nangia, Biswa Prakash Nayak, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Samata Nepal, Sudan Prasad Prasad Neupane, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Yeshambel T Nigatu, Ali Nowroozi, Khan M Nuruzzaman, Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam, Kehinde O Obamiro, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade, Hassan Okati-Aliabad, Babayemi Oluwaseun Olakunde, Gláucia Maria Moraes Oliveira, Ahmed Omar Bali, Emad Omer, Doris V Ortega-Altamirano, Adrian Otoiu, Stanislav S Otstavnov, Bilcha Oumer, Mahesh P A, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Raffaele Palladino, Adrian Pana, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Anamika Pandey, Ashok Pandey, Shahina Pardhan, Tarang Parekh, Eun-Kee Park, Charles D H Parry, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Jay Patel, Siddhartha Pati, George C Patton, Uttam Paudel, Shrikant Pawar, Amy E Peden, Ionela-Roxana Petcu, Michael R Phillips, Marina Pinheiro, Evgenii Plotnikov, Pranil Man Singh Pradhan, Akila Prashant, Jianchao Quan, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Pankaja Raghav Raghav, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Azizur Rahman, Md Mosfequr Rahman, Mosiur Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Shayan Rahmani, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Priyanga Ranasinghe, Chythra R Rao, Drona Prakash Rasali, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Zubair Ahmed Ratan, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Lal Rawal, Andre M N Renzaho, Negar Rezaei, Saeid Rezaei, Mohsen Rezaeian, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Esperanza Romero-Rodríguez, Gregory A Roth, Godfrey M Rwegerera, Basema Saddik, Erfan Sadeghi, Reihaneh Sadeghian, Umar Saeed, Farhad Saeedi, Rajesh Sagar, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Harihar Sahoo, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, KM Saif-Ur-Rahman, Sarvenaz Salahi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Abdallah M Samy, Francesco Sanmarchi, Milena M Santric-Milicevic, Yaser Sarikhani, Brijesh Sathian, Ganesh Kumar Saya, Mehdi Sayyah, Maria Inês Schmidt, Aletta Elisabeth Schutte, Michaël Schwarzinger, David C Schwebel, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Allen Seylani, Feng Sha, Sarvenaz Shahin, Fariba Shahraki-Sanavi, Shayan Shahrokhi, Masood Ali Shaikh, Elaheh Shaker, Murad Ziyaudinovich Shakhmardanov, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Rahim Ali Sheikhi, Adithi Shetty, Jeevan K Shetty, Damtew Solomon Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Rahman Shiri, Reza Shirkoohi, K M Shivakumar, Velizar Shivarov, Parnian Shobeiri, Roman Shrestha, Negussie Boti Sidemo, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Natacha Torres da Silva, Jasvinder A Singh, Surjit Singh, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, David A Sleet, Marco Solmi, YONATAN SOLOMON, Suhang Song, Yimeng Song, Reed J D Sorensen, Sergey Soshnikov, Ireneous N Soyiri, Dan J Stein, Sonu Hangma Subba, Miklós Szócska, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Takahiro Tabuchi, Majid Taheri, Ker-Kan Tan, Minale Tareke, Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang, Gebremaryam Temesgen, Worku Animaw Temesgen, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Rekha Thapar, Nikhil Kenny Thomas, Chalachew Tiruneh, Jovana Todorovic, Marco Torrado, Mathilde Touvier, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Mai Thi Ngoc Tran, Sergi Trias-Llimós, Jaya Prasad Tripathy, Alireza Vakilian, Rohollah Valizadeh, Mehdi Varmaghani, Shoban Babu Varthya, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Theo Vos, Birhanu Wagaye, Yasir Waheed, Mandaras Tariku Walde, Cong Wang, Yanzhong Wang, Yuan-Pang Wang, Ronny Westerman, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Abate Dargie Wubetu, Suowen Xu, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Lin Yang, Gesila Endashaw E Yesera, Arzu Yigit, Vahit Yiğit, Ayenew Engida Ayenew Engida Yimaw, Dong Keon Yon, Naohiro Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Siddhesh Zadey, Mazyar Zahir, Iman Zare, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Chenwen Zhong, Mohammad Zmaili, Yves Miel H Zuniga, Emmanuela Gakidou, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews. Population and Behavioural Science Division, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute (-2014), Helsinki Inequality Initiative (INEQ), Clinicum, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, King Edward Medical University (Pakistán), Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, University of Oxford (Reino Unido), Medical Research Council (Reino Unido), NIH - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (Estados Unidos), Canada Research Chairs, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), National Heart Foundation of Australia, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Wellcome Trust, NIH - National Institute on Aging (NIA) (Estados Unidos), Finlands Akademi (Finlandia), Panjab University (India), Federal Ministry of Education & Research (Alemania), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brasil), Danish National Research Foundation, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research (Australia), South African Medical Research Council, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Charles Sturt University (Australia), Ain Shams University (Egipto), Mizoram University (India), Kasturba Medical College (India), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (India), Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Collaborators, GBD 2020 Alcohol, Bryazka, Dana, Reitsma, Marissa B, Griswold, Max G, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abdoli, Amir, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md, Abhilash, E S, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adhikari, Kishor, Adhikari, Sangeet, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Saira, Agegnehu, Wubetu Yimam, Aggarwal, Manik, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Araz Ramazan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alam, Md Zakiul, Alem, Dejene Tsegaye, Alene, Kefyalew Addi, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alizadeh, Atiyeh, Allel, Kasim, Alonso, Jordi, Alvand, Saba, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Firehiwot, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amiri, Sohrab, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderson, Jason A, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Arabloo, Jalal, Arshad, Muhammad, Artamonov, Anton A, Aryan, Zahra, Asaad, Malke, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Astell-Burt, Thoma, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atorkey, Prince, Atreya, Alok, Ausloos, Floriane, Ausloos, Marcel, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre ayanore, Ayinde, Olatunde O, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azanaw, Melkalem Mamuye, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, Azari Jafari, Amirhossein, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Badiye, Ashish D, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Bakshi, Ravleen Kaur, Balchut/bilchut, Awraris Hailu, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barra, Fabio, Barrow, Amadou, Baskaran, Pritish, Belo, Lui, Bennett, Derrick A, Benseñor, Isabela M, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S, Bintoro, Bagas Suryo, Blokhina, Elena A Elena, Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule, Boloor, Archith, Bosetti, Cristina, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Brunoni, Andre R, Butt, Zahid A, Cao, Chao, Cao, Yin, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carvalho, Andre F, Carvalho, Márcia, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F S, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Cherbuin, Nicola, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chudal, Nandita, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Churko, Chuchu, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Claro, Rafael M, Costanzo, Simona, Cowden, Richard G, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Culbreth, Garland T, Dachew, Berihun Assefa, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daniel, Beniam Darge, Danielewicz, Anna, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Davletov, Kairat, de Araujo, Jacyra Azevedo Paiva, de Sá-Junior, Antonio Rei, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Dehghan, Azizallah, Demetriades, Andreas K, Derbew Molla, Meseret, Desai, Rupak, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Diress, Mengistie, Dodangeh, Milad, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Duko, Bereket, Duncan, Bruce B, Edvardsson, Kristina, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Elgar, Frank J, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Etemadimanesh, Azin, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Franci, Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich, Farahmand, Fatemeh, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Feigin, Valery L, Feldman, Rachel, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fentaw, Zinabu, Ferrero, Simone, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Francis, Joel Msafiri, Franklin, Richard Charle, Gaal, Peter Andra, Gad, Mohamed M, Gallus, Silvano, Galvano, Fabio, Ganesan, Balasankar, Garg, Tushar, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin Gebrehiwot Damtew, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu, Gemechu, Tadele Regasa, Getacher, Lemma, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Getachew Obsa, Abera, Getie, Asmare, Ghaderi, Amir, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghandour, Lilian A, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghozy, Sherief, Glozah, Franklin N, Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna, Godos, Justyna, Goel, Amit, Goharinezhad, Salime, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golitaleb, Mohamad, Greaves, Felix, Grivna, Michal, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gudayu, Temesgen Worku, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Hall, Brian J, Halwani, Rabih, Handiso, Tiilahun Beyene, Hankey, Graeme J, Hariri, Sanam, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Hendrie, Delia, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni, Holla, Ramesh, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hossain, Sahadat, Hosseini, Seyed Kianoosh, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Junjie, Hussain, Salman, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Immurana, Mustapha, Irham, Lalu Muhammad, Islam, M Mofizul, Islam, Rakibul M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iso, Hiroyasu, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jabbarinejad, Roxana, Jacob, Loui, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamalpoor, Zahra, Jamshidi, Elham, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayarajah, Umesh Umesh, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jebai, Rime, Jeddi, Seyed Ali, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jindal, Har Ashish, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tama, Joseph, Nitin, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabthymer, Robel Hussen, Kamble, Bhushan Dattatray, Kandel, Himal, Kanno, Girum Gebremeskel, Kapoor, Neeti, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Kassa, Bekalu Getnet, Kaur, Rimple Jeet, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khan, Imteyaz A, Khan, Moien AB, Kim, Hanna, Kim, Jihee, Kim, Min Seo, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kivimäki, Mika, Klymchuk, Vitalii, Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Yuvaraj, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Narinder, Kumar, Nithin, Lacey, Ben, Lallukka, Tea, Lasrado, Savita, Lau, Jerrald, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S, Lobo, Stany W, Lopukhov, Platon D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lozano, Rafael, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Madureira-Carvalho, Áurea M, Mahjoub, Soleiman, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Mahumud, Rashidul Alam, Makki, Alaa, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Manjunatha, Narayana, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martinez-Villa, Francisco A, Matzopoulos, Richard, Maulik, Pallab K, Mayeli, Mahsa, Mcgrath, John J, Meena, Jitendra Kumar, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mensink, Gert B M, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Meretoja, Atte, Merga, Bedasa Taye, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miao Jonasson, Junmei, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Miller, Ted R, Mini, Gk, Mirica, Andreea, Mirijello, Antonio, Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misra, Sanjeev, Moazen, Babak, Mobarakabadi, Maryam, Moccia, Marcello, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Teroj Abdulrahman, Moka, Nagabhishek, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Moradi, Yousef, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mullany, Erin C, Mulugeta, Beemnet Tekabe, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Murray, Christopher J L, Mwita, Julius C, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nangia, Vinay, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nepal, Samata, Neupane, Sudan Prasad Prasad, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Nowroozi, Ali, Nuruzzaman, Khan M, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Morae, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Emad, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V, Otoiu, Adrian, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Oumer, Bilcha, P A, Mahesh, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Anamika, Pandey, Ashok, Pardhan, Shahina, Parekh, Tarang, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D H, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Patel, Jay, Pati, Siddhartha, Patton, George C, Paudel, Uttam, Pawar, Shrikant, Peden, Amy E, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Phillips, Michael R, Pinheiro, Marina, Plotnikov, Evgenii, Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh, Prashant, Akila, Quan, Jianchao, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Azizur, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Shayan, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rao, Chythra R, Rasali, Drona Prakash, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Saeid, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Romero-Rodríguez, Esperanza, Roth, Gregory A, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Erfan, Sadeghian, Reihaneh, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi, Farhad, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Saif-Ur-Rahman, Km, Salahi, Sarvenaz, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sarikhani, Yaser, Sathian, Brijesh, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Sayyah, Mehdi, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwarzinger, Michaël, Schwebel, David C, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu, Seyedalinaghi, Seyedahmad, Seylani, Allen, Sha, Feng, Shahin, Sarvenaz, Shahraki-Sanavi, Fariba, Shahrokhi, Shayan, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaker, Elaheh, Shakhmardanov, Murad Ziyaudinovich, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shiferaw, Damtew Solomon, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shivakumar, K M, Shivarov, Velizar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shrestha, Roman, Sidemo, Negussie Boti, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santo, Silva, Natacha Torres da, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Surjit, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sleet, David A, Solmi, Marco, Solomon, Yonatan, Song, Suhang, Song, Yimeng, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soshnikov, Sergey, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Stein, Dan J, Subba, Sonu Hangma, Szócska, Mikló, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Taheri, Majid, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tareke, Minale, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Temesgen, Gebremaryam, Temesgen, Worku Animaw, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapar, Rekha, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny, Tiruneh, Chalachew, Todorovic, Jovana, Torrado, Marco, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Trias-Llimós, Sergi, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Vakilian, Alireza, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Varmaghani, Mehdi, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vos, Theo, Wagaye, Birhanu, Waheed, Yasir, Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Wang, Cong, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wubetu, Abate Dargie, Xu, Suowen, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Lin, Yesera, Gesila Endashaw E, Yigit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yimaw, Ayenew Engida Ayenew Engida, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zahir, Mazyar, Zare, Iman, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zmaili, Mohammad, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Bryazka, D, Reitsma, Mb, Griswold, Mg, Abate, Kh, Abbafati, C, Kangevari, Ma, Kangevari, Za, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdullah, Am, Abhilash, E, Abu Gharbieh, E, Acuna, Jm, Addolorato, G, Adebayo, Om, Adekanmbi, V, Adhikari, K, Adhikari, S, Adnani, Qe, Afzal, S, Agegnehu, Wy, Aggarwal, M, Ahinkorah, Bo, Ahmad, Ar, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Rashid, Ta, Akunna, Cj, Al Hamad, H, Alam, Mz, Alem, Dt, Alene, Ka, Alimohamadi, Y, Alizadeh, A, Allel, K, Alonso, J, Alvand, S, Guzman, Na, Amare, F, Ameyaw, Ek, Amiri, S, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, Ja, Andrei, Cl, Andrei, T, Arabloo, J, Arshad, M, Artamonov, Aa, Aryan, Z, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, Ma, Burt, Ta, Athari, S, Atnafu, Dd, Atorkey, P, Atreya, A, Ausloos, F, Ausloos, M, Ayano, G, Ayanore, Ma, Ayinde, Oo, Mateos, Jla, Azadnajafabad, S, Azanaw, Mm, Khyavy, Ma, Jafari, Aa, Azzam, Ay, Badiye, Ad, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, Sm, Bakshi, Rk, Balchut, Ah, Null, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Belo, L, Bennett, Da, Bensenor, Im, Bhagavathula, A, Bhala, N, Bhalla, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, V, Bintoro, B, 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Nk, Feigin, Vl, Feldman, R, Feng, Xq, Fentaw, Z, Ferrero, S, Desideri, Lf, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Francis, Jm, Franklin, Rc, Gaal, Pa, Gad, Mm, Gallus, S, Galvano, F, Ganesan, B, Garg, T, Gebrehiwot, Mgd, Gebremeskel, Tg, Gebremichael, Ma, Gemechu, Tr, Getacher, L, Getachew, Me, Obsa, Ag, Getie, A, Ghaderi, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghajar, A, Ghamari, Sh, Ghandour, La, Nour, Mg, Ghashghaee, A, Ghozy, S, Glozah, Fn, Glushkova, Ev, Godos, J, Goel, A, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golitaleb, M, Greaves, F, Grivna, M, Grosso, G, Gudayu, Tw, Gupta, B, Gupta, R, Gupta, S, Gupta, Vb, Gupta, Vk, Nejad, Nh, Mirzaian, Ah, Hall, Bj, Halwani, R, Handiso, Tb, Hankey, Gj, Hariri, S, Haro, Jm, Hasaballah, Ai, Moghaddam, Hh, Hay, Si, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Hendrie, D, Herteliu, C, Heyi, Dz, Hezam, K, Hlongwa, Mm, Holla, R, Hossain, Mm, Hossain, S, Hosseini, Sk, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hu, Gq, Huang, Jj, Hussain, S, Ibitoye, Se, Ilic, Im, Ilic, Md, Immurana, M, Irham, Lm, Islam, Mm, Islam, Rm, Islam, Sm, Iso, H, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jabbarinejad, R, Jacob, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jamalpoor, Z, Jamshidi, E, Jayapal, Sk, Jayarajah, Uu, Jayawardena, R, Jebai, R, Jeddi, Sa, Jema, At, Jha, Rp, Jindal, Ha, Jonas, Jb, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, Jj, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabthymer, Rh, Kamble, Bd, Kandel, H, Kanno, Gg, Kapoor, N, Karaye, Im, Karimi, Se, Kassa, Bg, Kaur, Rj, Kayode, Ga, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khan, Ia, Ab Khan, M, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kimokoti, Rw, Kivimaki, M, Klymchuk, V, Knudsen, Ak, Kolahi, Aa, Korshunov, Va, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Kumar, Ga, Kumar, N, Ben, Lacey, Lallukka, T, Lasrado, S, Lau, J, Lee, Sw, Lee, Wc, Lee, Yh, Lim, Ll, Lim, S, Lobo, Sw, Lopukhov, Pd, Lorkowski, S, Lozano, R, Lucchetti, G, Madadizadeh, F, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahumud, Ra, Makki, A, Malekpour, Mr, Manjunatha, N, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, Ma, Raga, Jm, Villa, Fam, Matzopoulos, R, Maulik, Pk, Mayeli, M, Mcgrath, Jj, Meena, Jk, Nasab, Em, Menezes, Rg, Mensink, Gbm, Mentis, Afa, Meretoja, A, Merga, Bt, Mestrovic, T, Jonasson, Jm, Miazgowski, B, de Sa, Acmgn, Miller, Tr, Mini, G, Mirica, A, Mirijello, A, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirrakhimov, Em, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mobarakabadi, M, Moccia, M, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, E, Hafshejani, Am, Mohammed, Ta, Moka, N, Mokdad, Ah, Momtazmanesh, S, Moradi, Y, Mostafavi, E, Mubarik, S, Mullany, Ec, Mulugeta, Bt, Zamora, Em, Murray, Cjl, Mwita, Jc, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, Md, Nangia, V, Nayak, Bp, Negoi, I, Negoi, Ri, Nejadghaderi, Sa, Nepal, S, Neupane, Spp, Kandel, Sn, Nigatu, Yt, Nowroozi, A, Nuruzzaman, Km, Nzoputam, Ci, Obamiro, Ko, Ogbo, Fa, Oguntade, A, Aliabad, Ho, Olakunde, Bo, Oliveira, Gmm, Bali, Ao, Omer, E, Altamirano, Dvo, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, S, Oumer, B, Mahesh, Pa, Monedero, Ap, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Jonas, Sp, Pandey, A, Pardhan, S, Parekh, T, Park, Ek, Parry, Cdh, Kan, Fp, Patel, J, Pati, S, Patton, Gc, Paudel, U, Pawar, S, Peden, Ae, Petcu, Ir, Phillips, Mr, Pinheiro, M, Plotnikov, E, Pradhan, Pm, Prashant, A, Quan, Jc, Radfar, A, Rafiei, A, Raghav, Pr, Movaghar, Vr, Rahman, A, Rahman, Mm, Rahman, M, Rahmani, Am, Rahmani, S, Ranabhat, Cl, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, Cr, Rasali, Dp, Rashidi, Mm, Ratan, Za, Rawaf, Dl, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Renzaho, Amn, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, S, Rezaeian, M, Riahi, Sm, Rodriguez, Er, Roth, Ga, Rwegerera, Gm, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Sadeghian, R, Saeed, U, Saeedi, F, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Sahraian, Ma, Rahman, Ksu, Salahi, S, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, Am, Sanmarchi, F, Milicevic, Mm, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Saya, Gk, Sayyah, M, Schmidt, Mi, Schutte, Ae, Schwarzinger, M, Schwebel, Dc, Seidu, Aa, Seyedalinaghi, S, Seylani, A, Sha, F, Shahin, S, Sanavi, F, Shahrokhi, S, Shaikh, Ma, Shaker, E, Shakhmardanov, Mz, Beyranvand, M, Sheikhbahaei, S, Sheikhi, Ra, Shetty, A, Shetty, Jk, Shiferaw, D, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, Km, Shivarov, V, Shobeiri, P, Shrestha, R, Sidemo, Nb, Sigfusdottir, Id, Silva, Da, da Silva, Nt, Singh, Ja, Singh, S, Skryabin, Vy, Skryabina, Aa, Sleet, Da, Solmi, M, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Song, Ym, Sorensen, Rjd, Soshnikov, S, Soyiri, In, Stein, Dj, Subba, Sh, Szocska, M, Seisdedos, Rt, Tabuchi, T, Taheri, M, Tan, Kk, Tareke, M, Tarkang, Ee, Temesgen, G, Temesgen, Wa, Temsah, Mh, Thankappan, Kr, Thapar, R, Thomas, Nk, Tiruneh, C, Todorovic, J, Torrado, M, Touvier, M, Palone, Mrt, Tran, Mtn, Llimos, St, Tripathy, Jp, Vakilian, A, Valizadeh, R, Varmaghani, M, Varthya, Sb, Vasankari, Tj, Vos, T, Wagaye, B, Waheed, Y, Walde, Mt, Wang, C, Wang, Yz, Wang, Yp, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, Nd, Wubetu, Ad, Xu, S, Yamagishi, K, Yang, L, Yesera, Gee, Yigit, A, Yimaw, Ae, Yon, Dk, Yonemoto, N, Yu, Ch, Zadey, S, Zahir, M, Zare, I, Zastrozhin, M, Zastrozhina, A, Zhang, Zj, Zhong, Cw, Zmaili, M, Zuniga, Ymh, Gakidou, E, Madureira-Carvalho, Am, Ciobanu, LG, Gakidou, Emma, and GBD 2020 Alcohol Collaborators
Subjects: Adult, Male, Alcohol Drinking, CONTROL POLICIES, adult, Child, Preschool, Female, Geography, Global Burden of Disease, Global Health, Humans, Middle Aged, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Risk Factors, NDAS, ALL-CAUSE, GUIDELINES, GBD 2020 Alcohol Collaborators, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, Medicine, General & Internal, DRINKING, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, RA0421, General & Internal Medicine, Quality-Adjusted Life Year, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, DRINKERS, Child, Preschool, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, METAANALYSIS, MCC, Science & Technology, global burden of disease, Risk Factor, General Medicine, CANCER, alcohol drinking, AC, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, REDUCED MORTALITY, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human
Abstract: Background: The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods: For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose-response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020 for 21 regions, including 204 countries and territories, by 5-year age group, sex, and year for individuals aged 15-95 years and older from 1990 to 2020. Based on the NDE, we quantified the population consuming harmful amounts of alcohol. Findings: The burden-weighted relative risk curves for alcohol use varied by region and age. Among individuals aged 15-39 years in 2020, the TMREL varied between 0 (95% uncertainty interval 0-0) and 0·603 (0·400-1·00) standard drinks per day, and the NDE varied between 0·002 (0-0) and 1·75 (0·698-4·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals aged 40 years and older, the burden-weighted relative risk curve was J-shaped for all regions, with a 2020 TMREL that ranged from 0·114 (0-0·403) to 1·87 (0·500-3·30) standard drinks per day and an NDE that ranged between 0·193 (0-0·900) and 6·94 (3·40-8·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals consuming harmful amounts of alcohol in 2020, 59·1% (54·3-65·4) were aged 15-39 years and 76·9% (73·0-81·3) were male. Interpretation: There is strong evidence to support recommendations on alcohol consumption varying by age and location. Stronger interventions, particularly those tailored towards younger individuals, are needed to reduce the substantial global health loss attributable to alcohol. Research reported in this publication was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. S Afzal acknowledges the support for intellectual contributions to this manuscript by the Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology at King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan. T Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. L Belo acknowledges support from FCT in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of i4HB. D Bennett is supported by the UK Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford (Oxford, UK). M Carvalho acknowledges support from FCT in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of i4HB. L Castro-de-Araujo was funded by the Medical Research Council (UK), Grant no. MR/T03355X/1 and by the National Institute of Mental Health Grant no. R01MH128911. FJ Elgar is supported by the Canada Research Chairs program. F Greaves acknowledges support from the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration for NW London. V K Gupta acknowledges funding support from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia. VB Gupta acknowledges funding support from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia. C Herteliu is partially supported by a grant from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. C Herteliu is partially supported by a grant from the Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, MCID, project number ID-585-CTR-42-PFE-2021. S Hussain was supported by the Operational Programme Research, Development and Education –Project, Postdoc2MUNI “(No. CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/18_053/0016952). S M S Islam is funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council and received funding from the National Heart Foundation of Australia. The Serbian part of this GBD-related contribution has been co-financed through Grant OI 175 014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. M Kivimaki was supported by the Wellcome Trust (221854/Z/20/Z), the UK Medical Research Council (MR/S011676/1), the US National Institute on Aging (R01AG056477), and the Academy of Finland (350426). K Krishan is supported by the UGC Centre of Advanced Study (Phase II), awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. B Lacey acknowledges support from the UK Biobank, funded largely by the UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome. S Lorkowski acknowledges institutional support from the Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (Germany; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; grant agreement number 01EA1808A). G Lucchetti received a productivity scholarship from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development — CNPq (Level 1D). J McGrath was supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professor). J McGrath is employed by the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research (Australia), which receives support from the Queensland Health Department. C Parry acknowleges the South African Medical Research Council. A Peden is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Emerging Leadership Fellowship (Grant ID: APP2009306). M R Phillips was supported in part by the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases - National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC. No. 81761128031). M Pinheiro acknowledges FCT for funding through program DL 57/2016 – Norma transitória. A Rahman acknowledges the support from the Data Science Research Unit in Charles Sturt University (Bathurst, NSW, Australia). U Saeed would like to acknowledge the International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad, Pakistan. A M Samy acknowledges support from Ain Shams University (Cairo, Egypt) and the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. N Senthil Kumar acknowledges the DBT, New Delhi sponsored Advanced State Level Biotech Hub (BT/NER/143/SP44475/2021), Mizoram University (Aizawl, Mizoram, India) for facilitating this work. F Sha is supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (Grant No. KQTD20190929172835662). A Shetty acknowledges Kasturba Medical College (Mangalore, India) and Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Manipal, India) for all the academic support. R Shrestha acknowledges a career development award from the National Institutes of Health (K01DA051346). D Silva was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brazil (CAPES)-Finance Code 001 and is supported in part by CNPq - Brazil (309589/2021-5). D Sleet acknowledges partial support from Veritas Management Group, Inc and The Bizzell Group, LLC. S Trias-Llimós acknowledges research funding from the Juan de la Cierva-Formación program of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FJC-2019-039314-I). Sí
Published: 2022

25. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

Author: Juanita A. Haagsma, Periklis Charalampous, Filippo Ariani, Anne Gallay, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, Evangelia Nena, Che Henry Ngwa, Alexander Rommel, Ausra Zelviene, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hanadi Al Hamad, Luciana Albano, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Olatunde Aremu, Ashokan Arumugam, Alok Atreya, Avinash Aujayeb, Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Luchuo Engelbert Bain, Maciej Banach, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Massimiliano Beghi, Derrick A. Bennett, Akshaya S. Bhagavathula, Félix Carvalho, Giulio Castelpietra, Ledda Caterina, Joht Singh Chandan, Rosa A. S. Couto, Natália Cruz-Martins, Giovanni Damiani, Anna Dastiridou, Andreas K. Demetriades, Diana Dias-da-Silva, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Pietro Ferrara, Florian Fischer, Urbano Fra.Paleo, Silvia Ghirini, James C. Glasbey, Ionela-Roxana Glavan, Nelson G. M. Gomes, Michal Grivna, Netanja I. Harlianto, Josep Maria Haro, M. Tasdik Hasan, Sorin Hostiuc, Ivo Iavicoli, Milena D. Ilic, Irena M. Ilic, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Joonas H. Kauppila, Gbenga A. Kayode, Moien A. B. Khan, Adnan Kisa, Sezer Kisa, Ai Koyanagi, Manasi Kumar, Om P. Kurmi, Carlo La-Vecchia, Demetris Lamnisos, Savita Lasrado, Paolo Lauriola, Shai Linn, Joana A. Loureiro, Raimundas Lunevicius, Aurea Madureira-Carvalho, Enkeleint A. Mechili, Azeem Majeed, Ritesh G. Menezes, Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Tomasz Miazgowski, Bartosz Miazgowski, Andreea Mirica, Mariam Molokhia, Shafiu Mohammed, Lorenzo Monasta, Francesk Mulita, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Ionut Negoi, Subas Neupane, Bogdan Oancea, Hans Orru, Adrian Otoiu, Nikita Otstavnov, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Shahina Pardhan, Jay Patel, Paolo Pedersini, Marina Pinheiro, Ivo Rakovac, Chythra R. Rao, Salman Rawaf, David Laith Rawaf, Violet Rodrigues, Luca Ronfani, Dominic Sagoe, Francesco Sanmarchi, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Brijesh Sathian, Aziz Sheikh, Rahman Shiri, Siddharudha Shivalli, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Catalin-Gabriel Smarandache, Bogdan Socea, Raúl A. R. C. Sousa, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Fimka Tozija, Sarah Van de Velde, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Massimiliano Veroux, Francesco S. Violante, Vasiliy Vlassov, Yanzhong Wang, Ali Yadollahpour, Sanni Yaya, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Suzanne Polinder, Marek Majdan, Haagsma, J, Charalampous, P, Ariani, F, Gallay, A, Moesgaard Iburg, K, Nena, E, Ngwa, C, Rommel, A, Zelviene, A, Abegaz, K, Al Hamad, H, Albano, L, Liliana Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Antonazzo, I, Aremu, O, Arumugam, A, Atreya, A, Aujayeb, A, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Engelbert Bain, L, Banach, M, Winfried Bärnighausen, T, Barone-Adesi, F, Beghi, M, Bennett, D, Bhagavathula, A, Carvalho, F, Castelpietra, G, Caterina, L, Chandan, J, Couto, R, Cruz-Martins, N, Damiani, G, Dastiridou, A, Demetriades, A, Dias-da-Silva, D, Francis Fagbamigbe, A, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Fischer, F, Fra. Paleo, U, Ghirini, S, Glasbey, J, Glavan, I, Gomes, N, Grivna, M, Harlianto, N, Haro, J, Hasan, M, Hostiuc, S, Iavicoli, I, Ilic, M, Ilic, I, Jakovljevic, M, Jonas, J, Jerzy Jozwiak, J, Jürisson, M, Kauppila, J, Kayode, G, Khan, M, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Koyanagi, A, Kumar, M, Kurmi, O, La-Vecchia, C, Lamnisos, D, Lasrado, S, Lauriola, P, Linn, S, Loureiro, J, Lunevicius, R, Madureira-Carvalho, A, Mechili, E, Majeed, A, Menezes, R, Mentis, A, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, T, Miazgowski, B, Mirica, A, Molokhia, M, Mohammed, S, Monasta, L, Mulita, F, David Naimzada, M, Negoi, I, Neupane, S, Oancea, B, Orru, H, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Padron-Monedero, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pardhan, S, Patel, J, Pedersini, P, Pinheiro, M, Rakovac, I, Rao, C, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rodrigues, V, Ronfani, L, Sagoe, D, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sheikh, A, Shiri, R, Shivalli, S, Dora Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Yurievich Skryabin, V, Aleksandrovna Skryabina, A, Smarandache, C, Socea, B, Sousa, R, Steiropoulos, P, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Roberto Tovani-Palone, M, Tozija, F, Van de Velde, S, Juhani Vasankari, T, Veroux, M, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Wang, Y, Yadollahpour, A, Yaya, S, Sergeevich Zastrozhin, M, Zastrozhina, A, Polinder, S, Majdan, M, Haagsma, J. A., Charalampous, P., Ariani, F., Gallay, A., Moesgaard Iburg, K., Nena, E., Ngwa, C. H., Rommel, A., Zelviene, A., Abegaz, K. H., Al Hamad, H., Albano, L., Liliana Andrei, C., Andrei, T., Antonazzo, I. C., Aremu, O., Arumugam, A., Atreya, A., Aujayeb, A., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Engelbert Bain, L., Banach, M., Winfried Barnighausen, T., Barone-Adesi, F., Beghi, M., Bennett, D. A., Bhagavathula, A. S., Carvalho, F., Castelpietra, G., Caterina, L., Chandan, J. S., Couto, R. A. S., Cruz-Martins, N., Damiani, G., Dastiridou, A., Demetriades, A. K., Dias-da-Silva, D., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Fereshtehnejad, S. -M., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Fischer, F., Fr, a. Paleo U., Ghirini, S., Glasbey, J. C., Glavan, I. -R., Gomes, N. G. M., Grivna, M., Harlianto, N. I., Haro, J. M., Hasan, M. T., Hostiuc, S., Iavicoli, I., Ilic, M. D., Ilic, I. M., Jakovljevic, M., Jonas, J. B., Jerzy Jozwiak, J., Jurisson, M., Kauppila, J. H., Kayode, G. A., Khan, M. A. B., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Koyanagi, A., Kumar, M., Kurmi, O. P., La-Vecchia, C., Lamnisos, D., Lasrado, S., Lauriola, P., Linn, S., Loureiro, J. A., Lunevicius, R., Madureira-Carvalho, A., Mechili, E. A., Majeed, A., Menezes, R. G., Mentis, A. -F. A., Meretoja, A., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, T., Miazgowski, B., Mirica, A., Molokhia, M., Mohammed, S., Monasta, L., Mulita, F., David Naimzada, M., Negoi, I., Neupane, S., Oancea, B., Orru, H., Otoiu, A., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S. S., Padron-Monedero, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pardhan, S., Patel, J., Pedersini, P., Pinheiro, M., Rakovac, I., Rao, C. R., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D. L., Rodrigues, V., Ronfani, L., Sagoe, D., Sanmarchi, F., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Sathian, B., Sheikh, A., Shiri, R., Shivalli, S., Dora Sigfusdottir, I., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Yurievich Skryabin, V., Aleksandrovna Skryabina, A., Smarandache, C. -G., Socea, B., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Steiropoulos, P., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Roberto Tovani-Palone, M., Tozija, F., Van de Velde, S., Juhani Vasankari, T., Veroux, M., Violante, F. S., Vlassov, V., Wang, Y., Yadollahpour, A., Yaya, S., Sergeevich Zastrozhin, M., Zastrozhina, A., Polinder, S., Majdan, M., Haagsma, Ja, Iburg, Km, Ngwa, Ch, Abegaz, Kh, Andrei, Cl, Antonazzo, Ic, Ayuso-Mateos, Jl, Bain, Le, Barnighausen, Tw, Bennett, Da, Couto, Ra, Demetriades, Ak, Fagbamigbe, Af, Fereshtehnejad, Sm, Fra Paleo, U, Glasbey, Jc, Glavan, Ir, Gomes, Ngm, Harlianto, Ni, Haro, Jm, Hasan, Mt, Ilic, Md, Ilic, Im, Jonas, Jb, Jozwiak, Jj, Jurisson, M, Kauppila, Jh, Kayode, Ga, Khan, Mab, Kurmi, Op, Loureiro, Ja, Mechili, Ea, Menezes, Rg, Mentis, Afa, Naimzada, Md, Rao, Cr, Rawaf, Dl, Santric-Milicevic, Mm, Sigfusdottir, Id, Skryabin, Vy, Skryabina, Aa, Smarandache, Cg, Sousa, Rarc, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tovani-Palone, Mr, Vasankari, Tj, Wang, Yz, Zastrozhin, M, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, HUS Neurocenter, Neurologian yksikkö, Public Health, Tampere University, Health Sciences, and Clinical Medicine
Subjects: Science & Technology, Injuries, DEATHS, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Burden of disease, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, 3121 Internal medicine, Disability adjusted life years, Mortality, Europe, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Injurie, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, INEQUALITIES, Public Health, Human medicine, Disability adjusted life year, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abstract: Background Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries. Methods We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year. Results In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to 3.7 in 2019. Conclusions Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.
Published: 2022

26. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Author: Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, Henrikson HJ, Lu D, Pennini A, Xu R, Ababneh E, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Elsalam SM, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Adedeji IA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Akalu GT, Aklilu A, Akram T, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Ali S, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alvis-Guzman N, Amu H, Anbesu EW, Ancuceanu R, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antwi MH, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atorkey P, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayenew T, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Badiye AD, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Balakrishnan S, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Behzadifar M, Belgaumi UI, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisignano C, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Blyuss O, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Braithwaite D, Brar A, Brenner H, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano Dos Santos FL, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Cernigliaro A, Chakinala RC, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Cortés S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cunha AR, Dadras O, Dagnew AB, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, das Neves J, De la Hoz FP, Demis AB, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, Dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Driscoll TR, Ebrahimi H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Tantawi M, El-Abid H, Elbarazi I, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Jaafary SI, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Etemadi A, Ezzikouri S, Faisaluddin M, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farzadfar F, Feroze AH, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gallus S, Gaspar Fonseca M, Getachew Obsa A, Ghafourifard M, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gilani SA, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Guerra MR, Guha A, Gunasekera DS, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider MR, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Haque S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Holla R, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Hussain R, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ibitoye SE, Ida F, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irham LM, Islam JY, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, Jacob L, Jain V, Jakovljevic MB, Javaheri T, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kahrizi D, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kaliyadan F, Kalkonde Y, Kamath A, Kameran Al-Salihi N, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karch A, Kasa AS, Katikireddi SV, Kauppila JH, Kavetskyy T, Kebede SA, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan G, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khang YH, Khater AM, Khayamzadeh M, Kim GR, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kutluk T, La Vecchia C, Lami FH, Landires I, Lauriola P, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leigh J, Leong E, Li J, Li MC, Liu X, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Majeed A, Makki A, Male S, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Martini S, Masoumi SZ, Mathur P, McKee M, Mehrotra R, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misra S, Mithra P, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammad KA, Mohammad Y, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moosavi MA, Moradi Y, Moraga P, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mubarik S, Mwanri L, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagata C, Naimzada MD, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negoi I, Negru SM, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Niazi RK, Nnaji CA, Noor NM, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Ochir C, Odukoya OO, Ogbo FA, Olagunju AT, Olakunde BO, Omar E, Omar Bali A, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patel HK, Patel JR, Pati S, Pattanshetty SM, Paudel U, Pereira DM, Pereira RB, Perianayagam A, Pillay JD, Pirouzpanah S, Pishgar F, Podder I, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Prashant A, Preotescu L, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Rafiee A, Rahim F, Rahimzadeh S, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Roberts TJ, Rodriguez JAB, Rohloff P, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sardiwalla Y, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schneider IJC, Sekerija M, Seylani A, Shafaat O, Shaghaghi Z, Shaikh MA, Shamsoddin E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty PH, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Siabani S, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Silva DAS, Singh JA, Sintayehu Y, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Sotoudeh H, Steiropoulos P, Straif K, Subedi R, Sufiyan MB, Sultan I, Sultana S, Sur D, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taherkhani A, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tan KK, Tat VY, Tedla BAA, Tefera YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesfay FH, Tessema GA, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Tohidinik HR, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Tusa BS, Ullah I, Ullah S, Umapathi KK, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vo B, Volovici V, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Ward P, Wen YF, Westerman R, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yaya S, Yazie TSY, Yeshaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yuce D, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zare F, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu C, Ziapour A, Zimmermann IR, Fitzmaurice C, Murray CJL, and Force LM
Subjects: Disability-Adjusted Life Years, Global Health, Humans, Incidence, Prevalence, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Risk Factors, Global Burden of Disease, Neoplasms epidemiology
Abstract: Importance: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden., Objective: To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019., Evidence Review: The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs)., Findings: In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles., Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.
Published: 2022
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27. Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

Author: James SL, Castle CD, Dingels ZV, Fox JT, Hamilton EB, Liu Z, Roberts NLS, Sylte DO, Bertolacci GJ, Cunningham M, Henry NJ, LeGrand KE, Abdelalim A, Abdollahpour I, Abdulkader RS, Abedi A, Abegaz KH, Abosetugn AE, Abushouk AI, Adebayo OM, Adsuar JC, Advani SM, Agudelo-Botero M, Ahmad T, Ahmed MB, Ahmed R, Eddine Aichour MT, Alahdab F, Alanezi FM, Alema NM, Alemu BW, Alghnam SA, Ali BA, Ali S, Alinia C, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Altirkawi K, Abdeldayem Amer YS, Andrei CL, Ansari-Moghaddam A, T Antonio CA, Anvari D, Yaw Appiah SC, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Arefi Z, Aremu O, Ariani F, Arora A, Asaad M, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Azarian G, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Baig AA, Bairwa M, Bakhtiari A, Balachandran A, Banach M, Banerjee SK, Banik PC, Banstola A, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Barzegar A, Bayati M, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Bedi N, Behzadifar M, Belete H, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berhe K, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj P, Bhat AG, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bibi S, Bijani A, Boloor A, Borges G, Borschmann R, Borzì AM, Boufous S, Braithwaite D, Briko NI, Brugha T, Budhathoki SS, Car J, Cárdenas R, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Catalá-López F, Cerin E, Chandan JS, Chapman JR, Chattu VK, Chattu SK, Chatziralli I, Chaudhary N, Cho DY, Choi JJ, Kabir Chowdhury MA, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Cicuttini FM, Coelho JM, Costa VM, Dahlawi SMA, Daryani A, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Leo D, Demeke FM, Demoz GT, Demsie DG, Deribe K, Desai R, Nasab MD, Silva DDD, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Do HT, Doyle KE, Driscoll TR, Dubljanin E, Adema BD, Eagan AW, Elemineh DA, El-Jaafary SI, El-Khatib Z, Ellingsen CL, Zaki MES, Eskandarieh S, Eyawo O, Faris PS, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes E, Ferrara P, Fischer F, Folayan MO, Fomenkov AA, Foroutan M, Francis JM, Franklin RC, Fukumoto T, Geberemariyam BS, Gebremariam H, Gebremedhin KB, Gebremeskel LG, Gebremeskel GG, Gebremichael B, Gedefaw GA, Geta B, Getenet AB, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari F, Gheshlagh RG, Gholamian A, Gilani SA, Gill TK, Goudarzian AH, Goulart AC, Grada A, Grivna M, Guimarães RA, Guo Y, Gupta G, Haagsma JA, Hall BJ, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Handiso DW, Haro JM, Hasanzadeh A, Hassan S, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Hassen HY, Havmoeller R, Hendrie D, Heydarpour F, Híjar M, Ho HC, Hoang CL, Hole MK, Holla R, Hossain N, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc S, Hu G, Ibitoye SE, Ilesanmi OS, Inbaraj LR, Naghibi Irvani SS, Mofizul Islam M, Shariful Islam SM, Ivers RQ, Jahani MA, Jakovljevic M, Jalilian F, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke AU, Jha RP, John-Akinola YO, Jonas JB, Jones KM, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jungari SB, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kahsay A, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamil TA, Kanchan T, Kapoor N, Karami M, Kasaeian A, Kassaye HG, Kavetskyy T, Kayode GA, Keiyoro PN, Kelbore AG, Khader YS, Khafaie MA, Khalid N, Khalil IA, Khalilov R, Khan M, Khan EA, Khan J, Khanna T, Khazaei S, Khazaie H, Khundkar R, Kiirithio DN, Kim YE, Kim YJ, Kim D, Kisa S, Kisa A, Komaki H, Kondlahalli SKM, Koolivand A, Korshunov VA, Koyanagi A, Kraemer MUG, Krishan K, Defo BK, Bicer BK, Kugbey N, Kumar N, Kumar M, Kumar V, Kumar N, Kumaresh G, Lami FH, Lansingh VC, Lasrado S, Latifi A, Lauriola P, Vecchia C, Leasher JL, Huey Lee SW, Li S, Liu X, Lopez AD, Lotufo PA, Lyons RA, Machado DB, Madadin M, Abd El Razek MM, Mahotra NB, Majdan M, Majeed A, Maled V, Malta DC, Manafi N, Manafi A, Manda AL, Manjunatha N, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansournia MA, Maravilla JC, Mason-Jones AJ, Masoumi SZ, Massenburg BB, Maulik PK, Mehndiratta MM, Melketsedik ZA, Memiah PTN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha MM, Meretoja TJ, Meretoja A, Merie HE, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Miller TR, Mini GK, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Mithra P, Moazen B, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohamadi E, Mohammad Y, Darwesh AM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed S, Mohammed JA, Mohebi F, Mohseni Bandpei MA, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moodley Y, Moradi M, Moradi G, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Morawska L, Velásquez IM, Morrison SD, Mossie TB, Muluneh AG, Musa KI, Mustafa G, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Naik G, Naimzada MD, Najafi F, Nangia V, Nascimento BR, Naserbakht M, Nayak V, Nazari J, Ndwandwe DE, Negoi I, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen TH, Nguyen CT, Nguyen DN, Thi Nguyen HL, Nikbakhsh R, Anggraini Ningrum DN, Nnaji CA, Ofori-Asenso R, Ogbo FA, Oghenetega OB, Oh IH, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Bali AO, Onwujekwe OE, Orpana HM, Ota E, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakhale S, Pakshir K, Panda-Jonas S, Park EK, Patel SK, Pathak A, Pati S, Paulos K, Peden AE, Filipino Pepito VC, Pereira J, Phillips MR, Polibin RV, Polinder S, Pourmalek F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Prakash S, Angga Pribadi DR, Puri P, Syed ZQ, Rabiee N, Rabiee M, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi S, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rajati F, Rakovac I, Rao SJ, Rashedi V, Rastogi P, Rathi P, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Renjith V, Resnikoff S, Rezapour A, Ribeiro AI, Rickard J, Rios González CM, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Saddik B, Safarpour H, Safdarian M, Mohammad Sajadi S, Salamati P, Rashad Salem MR, Salem H, Salz I, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Riera LS, Santric Milicevic MM, Sarker AR, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Sayyah M, Schwebel DC, Seedat S, Senthilkumaran S, Seyedmousavi S, Sha F, Shaahmadi F, Shahabi S, Shaikh MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Sheikh A, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shiri R, Siabani S, Sigfusdottir ID, Singh JA, Singh PK, Sinha DN, Soheili A, Soriano JB, Sorrie MB, Soyiri IN, Stokes MA, Sufiyan MB, Sykes BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Taddele BW, Tefera YM, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Tekulu GH, Tesema Tesema AK, Tesfay BE, Thapar R, Titova MV, Tlaye KG, Tohidinik HR, Topor-Madry R, Tran KB, Tran BX, Tripathy JP, Tsai AC, Tsatsakis A, Car LT, Ullah I, Ullah S, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Uthman OA, Valdez PR, Vasankari TJ, Veisani Y, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Waheed Y, Wang YP, Wiangkham T, Wolde HF, Woldeyes DH, Wondmeneh TG, Wondmieneh AB, Wu AM, Wyper GMA, Yadav R, Yadollahpour A, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Ye P, Yip P, Yisma E, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Youm Y, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yu Y, Moghadam TZ, Zaidi Z, Zaman SB, Zamani M, Zandian H, Zarei F, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Y, Ziapour A, Zodpey S, Dandona R, Dharmaratne SD, Hay SI, Mokdad AH, Pigott DM, Reiner RC, and Vos T
Subjects: Female, Humans, Incidence, Life Expectancy, Male, Morbidity, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Global Burden of Disease, Global Health, Wounds and Injuries mortality
Abstract: Background: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria., Methods: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then estimating incidence for every cause of injury. Non-fatal disability for each cause is then calculated based on the probabilities of suffering from different types of bodily injury experienced., Results: GBD 2017 produced morbidity and mortality estimates for 38 causes of injury. Estimates were produced in terms of incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life-years for a 28-year period for 22 age groups, 195 countries and both sexes., Conclusions: GBD 2017 demonstrated a complex and sophisticated series of analytical steps using the largest known database of morbidity and mortality data on injuries. GBD 2017 results should be used to help inform injury prevention policy making and resource allocation. We also identify important avenues for improving injury burden estimation in the future., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Dr. James reports grants from Sanofi Pasteur, outside the submitted work. Dr. Driscoll reports grants from World Health Organisation, during the conduct of the study. Dr Shariful Islam is funded by a Fellowship from National Heart Foundation of Australia and Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University. Dr. Ivers reports grants from National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Jozwiak reports personal fees from TEVA, personal fees from ALAB, personal fees from BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM, personal fees from SYNEXUS, non-financial support from SERVIER, non-financial support from MICROLIFE, non-financial support from MEDICOVER, outside the submitted work. Walter Mendoza is currently Program Analyst Population and Development at the Peru Country Office of the United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA, which does not necessarily endorses this study. Dr. Rakovac reports grants from World Health Organization, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Sheikh reports grants from Health Data Research UK, outside the submitted work. Dr. Singh reports personal fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care options, Clearview healthcare partners, Putnam associates, Spherix, Practice Point communications, the National Institutes of Health and the American College of Rheumatology, personal fees from Speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking. Dr. Singh owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking pharmaceuticals. Dr. Singh serves on the steering committee of OMERACT, an international organization that develops measures for clinical trials and receives arms-length funding from 12 pharmaceutical companies. Dr. Singh serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee. Dr. Singh is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. Dr. Singh is the editor and the Director of the UAB Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis, outside the submitted work. Dr. Stein reports personal fees from Lundbeck and Sun, outside the submitted work., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2020
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28. Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Author: James SL, Castle CD, Dingels ZV, Fox JT, Hamilton EB, Liu Z, S Roberts NL, Sylte DO, Henry NJ, LeGrand KE, Abdelalim A, Abdoli A, Abdollahpour I, Abdulkader RS, Abedi A, Abosetugn AE, Abushouk AI, Adebayo OM, Agudelo-Botero M, Ahmad T, Ahmed R, Ahmed MB, Eddine Aichour MT, Alahdab F, Alamene GM, Alanezi FM, Alebel A, Alema NM, Alghnam SA, Al-Hajj S, Ali BA, Ali S, Alikhani M, Alinia C, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Altirkawi K, Abdeldayem Amer YS, Amini S, Loreche Amit AM, Andrei CL, Ansari-Moghaddam A, T Antonio CA, Yaw Appiah SC, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Arefi Z, Aremu O, Ariani F, Arora A, Asaad M, Asghari B, Awoke N, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Azari S, Azarian G, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Bagli E, Baig AA, Bairwa M, Bakhtiari A, Balachandran A, Banach M, Banerjee SK, Banik PC, Banstola A, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Barrero LH, Barzegar A, Bayati M, Baye BA, Bedi N, Behzadifar M, Bekuma TT, Belete H, Benjet C, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berhe K, Bhardwaj P, Bhat AG, Bhattacharyya K, Bibi S, Bijani A, Bin Sayeed MS, Borges G, Borzì AM, Boufous S, Brazinova A, Briko NI, Budhathoki SS, Car J, Cárdenas R, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Catalá-López F, Cerin E, Chandan JS, Chanie WF, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chatziralli I, Chaudhary N, Cho DY, Kabir Chowdhury MA, Chu DT, Colquhoun SM, Constantin MM, Costa VM, Damiani G, Daryani A, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Demeke FM, Demis AB, Demoz GT, Demsie DG, Derakhshani A, Deribe K, Desai R, Nasab MD, da Silva DD, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Doyle KE, Driscoll TR, Dubljanin E, Adema BD, Eagan AW, Eftekhari A, Ehsani-Chimeh E, Sayed Zaki ME, Elemineh DA, El-Jaafary SI, El-Khatib Z, Ellingsen CL, Emamian MH, Endalew DA, Eskandarieh S, Faris PS, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Fatahi Y, Fekadu W, Ferede TY, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes E, Ferrara P, Feyissa GT, Filip I, Fischer F, Folayan MO, Foroutan M, Francis JM, Franklin RC, Fukumoto T, Geberemariyam BS, Gebre AK, Gebremedhin KB, Gebremeskel GG, Gebremichael B, Gedefaw GA, Geta B, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari F, Ghashghaee A, Gholamian A, Gill TK, Goulart AC, Grada A, Grivna M, Mohialdeen Gubari MI, Guimarães RA, Guo Y, Gupta G, Haagsma JA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Bidgoli HH, Hall BJ, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Haro JM, Hasan MM, Hasanzadeh A, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Hassen HY, Havmoeller R, Hayat K, Hendrie D, Heydarpour F, Híjar M, Ho HC, Hoang CL, Hole MK, Holla R, Hossain N, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc S, Hu G, Ibitoye SE, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic I, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Indriasih E, Naghibi Irvani SS, Shariful Islam SM, Islam MM, Ivers RQ, Jacobsen KH, Jahani MA, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, Jalilian F, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke AU, Jha RP, John-Akinola YO, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jungari SB, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kadel R, Kahsay A, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamil TA, Kanchan T, Kapoor N, Karami M, Kasaeian A, Kassaye HG, Kavetskyy T, Kebede HK, Keiyoro PN, Kelbore AG, Kelkay B, Khader YS, Khafaie MA, Khalid N, Khalil IA, Khalilov R, Khammarnia M, Khan EA, Khan M, Khanna T, Khazaie H, Shadmani FK, Khundkar R, Kiirithio DN, Kim YE, Kim D, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Komaki H, M Kondlahalli SK, Korshunov VA, Koyanagi A, G Kraemer MU, Krishan K, Bicer BK, Kugbey N, Kumar V, Kumar N, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumaresh G, Kurmi OP, Kuti O, Vecchia C, Lami FH, Lamichhane P, Lang JJ, Lansingh VC, Laryea DO, Lasrado S, Latifi A, Lauriola P, Leasher JL, Huey Lee SW, Lenjebo TL, Levi M, Li S, Linn S, Liu X, Lopez AD, Lotufo PA, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Madadin M, El Razek MMA, Mahotra NB, Majdan M, Majeed A, Malagon-Rojas JN, Maled V, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Manafi N, Manafi A, Manda AL, Manjunatha N, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Maravilla JC, March LM, Mason-Jones AJ, Masoumi SZ, Massenburg BB, Maulik PK, Meles GG, Melese A, Melketsedik ZA, N Memiah PT, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha MB, Mengesha MM, Meretoja TJ, Meretoja A, Merie HE, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Miller TR, Mini GK, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Mithra P, Moazen B, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohamadi E, Mohammad Y, Mohammad KA, Darwesh AM, Gholi Mezerji NM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed S, Mohammed JA, Mohebi F, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moodley Y, Moosazadeh M, Moradi M, Moradi G, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradpour F, Morawska L, Velásquez IM, Morisaki N, Morrison SD, Mossie TB, Muluneh AG, Murthy S, Musa KI, Mustafa G, Nabhan AF, Nagarajan AJ, Naik G, Naimzada MD, Najafi F, Nangia V, Nascimento BR, Naserbakht M, Nayak V, Ndwandwe DE, Negoi I, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen CT, Thi Nguyen HL, Nikbakhsh R, Anggraini Ningrum DN, Nnaji CA, Nyasulu PS, Ogbo FA, Oghenetega OB, Oh IH, Okunga EW, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Bali AO, Onwujekwe OE, Asante KO, Orpana HM, Ota E, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, A MP, Padubidri JR, Pakhale S, Pakshir K, Panda-Jonas S, Park EK, Patel SK, Pathak A, Pati S, Patton GC, Paulos K, Peden AE, Filipino Pepito VC, Pereira J, Pham HQ, Phillips MR, Pinheiro M, Polibin RV, Polinder S, Poustchi H, Prakash S, Angga Pribadi DR, Puri P, Syed ZQ, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi S, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rajati F, Rakovac I, Ranganathan K, Rao SJ, Rashedi V, Rastogi P, Rathi P, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Renjith V, N Renzaho AM, Resnikoff S, Rezapour A, Ribeiro AI, Rickard J, Rios González CM, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Saad AM, Sabde YD, Sabour S, Saddik B, Safari S, Safari-Faramani R, Safarpour H, Safdarian M, Sajadi SM, Salamati P, Salehi F, Zahabi SS, Rashad Salem MR, Salem H, Salman O, Salz I, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Riera LS, Santric Milicevic MM, Sarker AR, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Sawyer SM, Saxena S, Sayyah M, Schwebel DC, Seedat S, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Seyedmousavi S, Sha F, Shaahmadi F, Shahabi S, Shaikh MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsizadeh M, Sharif-Alhoseini M, Sharifi H, Sheikh A, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shiri R, Siabani S, Sigfusdottir ID, Singh PK, Singh JA, Sinha DN, Smarandache CG, R Smith EU, Soheili A, Soleymani B, Soltanian AR, Soriano JB, Sorrie MB, Soyiri IN, Stein DJ, Stokes MA, Sufiyan MB, Rasul Suleria HA, Sykes BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Taddele BW, Tadesse DB, Tamiru AT, Tarigan IU, Tefera YM, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Tekle MG, Tekulu GH, Tesema AK, Tesfay BE, Thapar R, Tilahune AB, Tlaye KG, Tohidinik HR, Topor-Madry R, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tripathy JP, Tsai AC, Car LT, Ullah S, Ullah I, Umar M, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Uthman OA, Valdez PR, Vasankari TJ, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Waheed Y, Weldesamuel GT, Werdecker A, Wiangkham T, Wolde HF, Woldeyes DH, Wondafrash DZ, Wondmeneh TG, Wondmieneh AB, Wu AM, Yadav R, Yadollahpour A, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yip P, Yisma E, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Youm Y, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu Y, Yu C, Yusefzadeh H, Moghadam TZ, Zaidi Z, Zaman SB, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zarei A, Zare F, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Y, Zodpey S, Dandona L, Dandona R, Degenhardt L, Dharmaratne SD, Hay SI, Mokdad AH, Reiner RC Jr, Sartorius B, and Vos T
Subjects: Humans, Incidence, Life Expectancy, Morbidity, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Global Burden of Disease, Global Health, Wounds and Injuries mortality
Abstract: Background: Past research in population health trends has shown that injuries form a substantial burden of population health loss. Regular updates to injury burden assessments are critical. We report Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study estimates on morbidity and mortality for all injuries., Methods: We reviewed results for injuries from the GBD 2017 study. GBD 2017 measured injury-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. To measure non-fatal injuries, GBD 2017 modelled injury-specific incidence and converted this to prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). YLLs and YLDs were summed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)., Findings: In 1990, there were 4 260 493 (4 085 700 to 4 396 138) injury deaths, which increased to 4 484 722 (4 332 010 to 4 585 554) deaths in 2017, while age-standardised mortality decreased from 1079 (1073 to 1086) to 738 (730 to 745) per 100 000. In 1990, there were 354 064 302 (95% uncertainty interval: 338 174 876 to 371 610 802) new cases of injury globally, which increased to 520 710 288 (493 430 247 to 547 988 635) new cases in 2017. During this time, age-standardised incidence decreased non-significantly from 6824 (6534 to 7147) to 6763 (6412 to 7118) per 100 000. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALYs decreased from 4947 (4655 to 5233) per 100 000 to 3267 (3058 to 3505)., Interpretation: Injuries are an important cause of health loss globally, though mortality has declined between 1990 and 2017. Future research in injury burden should focus on prevention in high-burden populations, improving data collection and ensuring access to medical care., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Dr. James reports grants from Sanofi Pasteur, outside the submitted work. Dr. Driscoll reports grants from World Health Organization, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Ivers reports grants from National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Jozwiak reports personal fees from TEVA, personal fees from ALAB, personal fees from BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM, personal fees from SYNEXUS, non-financial support from SERVIER, non-financial support from MICROLIFE, non-financial support from MEDICOVER, outside the submitted work. Dr. Rakovac reports grants from World Health Organization, during the conduct of the study. Dr Shariful Islam is funded by National Heart Foundation of Australia and Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University. Dr. Sheikh reports grants from Health Data Research UK, outside the submitted work. Dr. Singh reports personal fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care options, Clearview healthcare partners, Putnam associates, Spherix, Practice Point communications, the National Institutes of Health and the American College of Rheumatology, and Speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking, owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking pharmaceuticals, serves on the steering committee of OMERACT, an international organization that develops measures for clinical trials and receives arm’s length funding from 12 pharmaceutical companies, serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee, is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee, and is the editor and the Director of the UAB Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis, outside the submitted work. Dr. Stein reports personal fees from Lundbeck, personal fees from Sun, outside the submitted work. Dr. Degenhardt reports grants from Indivior, Seqirus, Reckitt Benckiser, outside the submitted work., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2020
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29. Global trends of hand and wrist trauma: a systematic analysis of fracture and digit amputation using the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study.

Author: Crowe CS, Massenburg BB, Morrison SD, Chang J, Friedrich JB, Abady GG, Alahdab F, Alipour V, Arabloo J, Asaad M, Banach M, Bijani A, Borzì AM, Briko NI, Castle CD, Cho DY, Chung MT, Daryani A, Demoz GT, Dingels ZV, Do HT, Fischer F, Fox JT, Fukumoto T, Gebre AK, Gebremichael B, Haagsma JA, Haj-Mirzaian A, Handiso DW, Hay SI, Hoang CL, Irvani SSN, Jozwiak JJ, Kalhor R, Kasaeian A, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan EA, Khundkar R, Kisa S, Kisa A, Liu Z, Majdan M, Manafi N, Manafi A, Manda AL, Meretoja TJ, Miller TR, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohseni Bandpei MA, Mokdad AH, Naimzada MD, Ndwandwe DE, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Pham HQ, Pribadi DRA, Rabiee N, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranganathan K, Roberts NLS, Roever L, Safari S, Samy AM, Sanchez Riera L, Shahabi S, Smarandache CG, Sylte DO, Tesfay BE, Tran BX, Ullah I, Vahedi P, Vahedian-Azimi A, Vos T, Woldeyes DH, Wondmieneh AB, Zhang ZJ, and James SL
Subjects: Amputation, Surgical, Female, Global Health, Humans, Incidence, Male, Prevalence, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Global Burden of Disease, Hand Injuries surgery, Wrist, Wrist Injuries surgery
Abstract: Background: As global rates of mortality decrease, rates of non-fatal injury have increased, particularly in low Socio-demographic Index (SDI) nations. We hypothesised this global pattern of non-fatal injury would be demonstrated in regard to bony hand and wrist trauma over the 27-year study period., Methods: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 was used to estimate prevalence, age-standardised incidence and years lived with disability for hand trauma in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017. Individual injuries included hand and wrist fractures, thumb amputations and non-thumb digit amputations., Results: The global incidence of hand trauma has only modestly decreased since 1990. In 2017, the age-standardised incidence of hand and wrist fractures was 179 per 100 000 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 146 to 217), whereas the less common injuries of thumb and non-thumb digit amputation were 24 (95% UI 17 to 34) and 56 (95% UI 43 to 74) per 100 000, respectively. Rates of injury vary greatly by region, and improvements have not been equally distributed. The highest burden of hand trauma is currently reported in high SDI countries. However, low-middle and middle SDI countries have increasing rates of hand trauma by as much at 25%., Conclusions: Certain regions are noted to have high rates of hand trauma over the study period. Low-middle and middle SDI countries, however, have demonstrated increasing rates of fracture and amputation over the last 27 years. This trend is concerning as access to quality and subspecialised surgical hand care is often limiting in these resource-limited regions., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Dr. Jozwiak reports personal fees from TEVA, personal fees from ALAB, personal fees from BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM, personal fees from SYNEXUS, non-financial support from SERVIER, non-financial support from MICROLIFE, and non-financial support from MEDICOVER, outside the submitted work. Dr. James reports grants from Sanofi Pasteur, outside the submitted work., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2020
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29 results on '"Naimzada, Md"'

1. Mapping age- and sex-specific HIV prevalence in adults in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–2018

2. Mapping inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries, 2000-2018

3. Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

4. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

5. The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

6. Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

7. Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

8. Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020

9. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

10. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019:A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

11. Global, regional, and national burden of respiratory tract cancers and associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019 a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

12. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

13. Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

14. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

15. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

16. Mapping subnational HIV mortality in six Latin American countries with incomplete vital registration systems

17. Tracking development assistance for health and for COVID-19: a review of development assistance, government, out-of-pocket, and other private spending on health for 204 countries and territories, 1990-2050

18. Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1

19. Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

20. The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

21. The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

22. Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

23. Global trends of hand and wrist trauma: a systematic analysis of fracture and digit amputation using the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

24. Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020

25. The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

26. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

27. Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

28. Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

29. Global trends of hand and wrist trauma: a systematic analysis of fracture and digit amputation using the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study.

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