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Byline: Sandeep. Gurram, Magith. Thambi, Ashwini. Naik, Sankar. Gorthi Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) presents with a wide variety of neurological symptoms in various combinations and has a high [...]

5G network is an enhanced communication network, designed to converge the requirements of quality of service (QoS) parameters, data and capacity, by means of signals with high QoS and high-speed data rate. Several state-of-art technologies are involved to obtain the requirement of energy efficient communication system with increased number of users, devices, higher data rate with low latency. This paper presents a system which demonstrates the energy and spectral efficiency achieved for various number of nodes in a specific area. This study addresses the improvement in energy and spectral efficiency when the proposed algorithm is used. The proposed algorithm is a combination of swarm based artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm with neural network. Experimental results have been carried out to observe the performance of QoS parameters such as bit error rate (BER), throughput, power consumption and mean square error (MSE). The maximum energy efficiency achieved is 34% and Spectral efficiency is 36%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Varsha. Prabhu, Sankar. Gorthi, Nilima, Sai. Rao, Radhika. Nair, Magith. Thambi, Ashwini. Naik Objectives: There is a higher prevalence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in more recent times, [...]

Microstrip patch antennas is one of the most used antennas for wireless communication. Its key features include a limited bandwidth, low cost, and ease of manufacture. This paper describes about the design of microstrip patch antenna over the frequency range of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz for UWB applications. The substrate material chosen is FR4, having a loss tangent of 0.02, dielectric constant of 4.4, and substrate thickness of 1.59 mm. This work presents design of microstrip antenna with hexagonal shaped radiating patch. An antenna is modelled and analysed using HFSS 2021 R2 software. The antenna structure provides return loss which is less than -10 dB and a VSWR less than 2 over the specified frequency range. The simulated results of proposed hexagonal shaped microstrip patch antenna provides a peak gain of 5.32 dB with radiation efficiency of 90.88%. The planned antennas can be used for UWB applications.

This paper proposes an application of ultra-wideband antenna in conjunction with supervised machine learning to detect the existence of breast tumor. The microstrip line fed octagonal shaped UWB antenna is designed by using Ansys high-frequency structure simulator 2022 R2. It is fabricated on double sided copper FR4 epoxy glass substrate of size 40 mm×40 mm and tested by using vector network analyzer N9916A. The antenna structure is optimized over the frequency spectrum of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz to obtain minimum value of return loss. The optimized structure provides bandwidth spectrum of 8.38 GHz covering the frequency range of 2.76 to 11.15 GHz with maximum gain of 5.3 dB at 8 GHz. The homogenous artificial breast phantoms with and without tumor are fabricated using different chemical compositions. The dielectric traits of skin, fatty, glandular and tumor layers are analyzed. Microwave sensing for detecting the presence of breast cancer uses the disparity between tumor and breast tissues, requiring consideration of dispersiveness to accurately assess the dielectric characteristics of the breast model due to its lossy dispersive nature. The three sets of reflection characteristics of the entire system comprised of antenna with phantoms are recorded by using VNA with a gap of week to constitute the dataset. The ultrasonic gel serves as a medium for matching between the breast model and antenna. Further, the supervised machine learning approach is used to improve the detection accuracy. Supervised learning, a key category of machine learning, uses labeled data to predict unseen data. The Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron algorithms are applied on the measured data to classify the healthy and tumorous tissues. The random forest proven to be best fit on the data with auc score of 98.05%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The early detection of relapse following primary surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer and the characterization of emerging subclones, which seed metastatic sites, might offer new therapeutic approaches for limiting tumour recurrence. The ability to track the evolutionary dynamics of early-stage lung cancer non-invasively in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has not yet been demonstrated. Here we use a tumour-specific phylogenetic approach to profile the ctDNA of the first 100 TRACERx (Tracking Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Evolution Through Therapy (Rx)) study participants, including one patient who was also recruited to the PEACE (Posthumous Evaluation of Advanced Cancer Environment) post-mortem study. We identify independent predictors of ctDNA release and analyse the tumour-volume detection limit. Through blinded profiling of postoperative plasma, we observe evidence of adjuvant chemotherapy resistance and identify patients who are very likely to experience recurrence of their lung cancer. Finally, we show that phylogenetic ctDNA profiling tracks the subclonal nature of lung cancer relapse and metastasis, providing a new approach for ctDNA-driven therapeutic studies., Author(s): Christopher Abbosh [1]; Nicolai J. Birkbak [1, 2]; Gareth A. Wilson [1, 2]; Mariam Jamal-Hanjani [1]; Tudor Constantin [3]; Raheleh Salari [3]; John Le Quesne [4]; David A. Moore [...]

Recent studies conducted to investigate the reasons for an alarming decline in the performance of undergraduate students have thrown up a few compelling facts. These necessitate our immediate attention. Demographic shuffling along with lack of intrinsic motivation stand out as the cardinal reasons among other miscellaneous ones. There is a need to introduce programs that perk up one’s persistence level and provide the missing tangible incentive for a purposeful engagement with our education system. The paper endeavours to fulfil this requirement through the use of Blockchain (cryptocurrency) guided by the principles of extrinsic motivation theory.

Author(s): Christopher Abbosh; Nicolai J. Birkbak; Gareth A. Wilson; Mariam Jamal-Hanjani; Tudor Constantin; Raheleh Salari; John Le Quesne; David A. Moore; Selvaraju Veeriah; Rachel Rosenthal; Teresa Marafioti; Eser Kirkizlar; Thomas [...]

Background: Accurate estimation of gestational age is important not only for appropriate antenatal care but also is crucial for undertaking various diagnostics tests such as chorionic villous sampling and amniocentesis. In certain conditions, where biometry cannot be entirely relied on for estimation of gestational age placental thickness (PT) that can be used for estimation of gestational age. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were as follows: (1) To analyze relationship between PT and gestational age as determined by fetal biometry in second and third trimester of pregnancy. (2) To find out cutoff PT value for differentiating between preterm and term gestations. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, in which 140 patients, in 2nd and 3rd trimester, were included on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. PT was measured in mm along with their respective standard deviation. The correlation between PT and gestational age as determined by biometry. Results: The mean age of the studied cases was found to be 4.15±3.5 years. At 12 weeks of gestation, the mean PT was 14.36 mm. There was a strong positive correlation between gestational age and PT in 2nd (r=0.9943) and 3rd (r=0.9973) trimesters. After 37 weeks of gestation, there was no significant correlation between PT and gestational age (P=0.469). Conclusion: PT has a significant positive correlation with gestational age in 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy (up to 37 weeks of gestation) and can be reliably used for determination of gestational age independent of fetal biometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]