Search

A new N2O2‐tetradentate Schiff base ligand entitled as N,N′‐((ethane‐1,2‐diybis [oxy])bis (ethan‐2,1‐diyl))bis(3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐imine was prepared by direct reaction between 3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐propenal and 1,8‐diamino‐3,6‐dioxaoctane. After characterization of the ligand, some novel cadmium coordination compounds formulated as CdLX2 (X: Cl−, Br−, I−, N3−, SCN−and NO3−) were synthesized and characterized by physical and spectral techniques. Typically crystal structure of cadmium nitrate coordination compound was determined suggesting crystallization in monoclinic system (with space group of I2/a) and a coordination geometry of square anti‐prism around the Cd (II) ion. Moreover, CdLBr2 and CdLI2 compounds were prepared in nanostructured dimensions by sonochemical method confirmed by SEM, EDX, and XRD techniques. In continuation, thermal behavior investigation of the compounds including thermal stabilities, thermal decomposition steps, and thermo‐kinetic parameters was performed based on Coats‐Redfern equations from room temperature to 900 °C. Furthermore, all the compounds were subjected to bioassay against two Gram‐positive bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, two Gram‐negative bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, and two fungal strains of Aspergillus oryzae and Candida albicans. The results showed that all the synthesized compounds act well as antimicrobial agents. DNA cleavage power of the materials was also evaluated using extracted DNA from E. coli bacterium. The cytotoxic activities of some compounds were investigated against the prostate cancer cell lines (PC3) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) (as normal cells) by MTT assay and nitric oxide level evaluation method as compared with cis‐platin confirming anti‐cancer effects of them. Finally, the antioxidant properties of the N2O2‐ligand and its cadmium coordination compounds were examined by DPPH and FRAP methods suggesting all the compounds have good antioxidant activity as compared with standard samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Mediterranean climate, plants, e.g., Quercus brantii Lindl, have evolved and adapted to bear up low soil-water and soil-phosphorus conditions. Quercus brantii Lindl. is a dominant tree species thorough Zagros Mediterranean forests. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play crucial role in the plant growth enhancement by solubilizing insoluble soil-phosphate. In the present study, the effects of two indigenous PSB strains, e.g., Microbacterium sp. (M.) and Streptomyces sp. (S.) were individually and combined evaluated on growth and physiological traits of Quercus brantii. seedlings under different water stress treatments. Results showed that maximum P- solubilization rate was observed by M. strain. Results also revealed that water stress increased electrolyte leakage and reduced relative water content in all plant compartments as well as growth parameters. Two PSB strains individually and in combination significantly enhanced growth and physiological traits of seedlings under both irrigation treatments compared with the non-inoculated seedlings. The M. strain showed higher potential for increasing of root length, weight and RWC compare to other PSB strain. Finally, the results suggested that application of isolated indigenous PSBs in reforestation could help to cope with the drought conditions in semi-arid Mediterranean Zagros forests by increasing of root and improving of oak seedlings growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim of investigation, the effects of oak acorn (OA) (0 or 20 % of diet) and tannin-reducing feed additives (without additive, 10 g polyethylene glycol (PEG)/kg of diet and 0.25 % diet sodium bicarbonate) on performance and liver and kidney tissues of broiler chickens, a total of 480 Ross 308 broiler chicks (average body weight of 41 gram and same male to female ratio) were distributed among 6 experimental treatments (4 replicates of 20 birds) in a 2x3 factorial arrangement and reared for 42 days. The results indicated that application of OA had no significant effect of overall feed conversion ratio, but significantly decreased overall body weight gain. However, sodium bicarbonate improved overall body weight gain, compared to the diet without additive. Feeding birds with OA significantly increased relative weight of gizzard, ileum and caecum at 24 d of age and relative weight of caecum and duodenum at 42 d of age. On d 24, more sever cellular congestion was observed in liver tissue of OA fed birds, but on d 42, the number of liver fat vacuole was less in these birds. Feeding with OA increased diameter of renal corpuscle. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 20% OA had no significant effects on feed conversion ratio and liver as well as kidney tissue of broilers, but because of significant reduction in overall body weight gain and production efficiency factor, this level is not recommended. However, inclusion of additives did not prevent this reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to excessive consumption of synthetic drugs, drug resistance rate of pathogenic bacteria is increasing and there is an ever-increasing need to find new safe compounds to tackle this problem. This study was conducted to investigate the consequences of chavill extract on the growth and viability of gastrointestinal pathogenic bacterium and probiotics bacteria. Methods: The experiment contained three levels of the chavill extract concentrations (0, 1 and 3%) which were added to the milk free fat in accompany with three probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus plantaram) and a pathogenic gastrointestinal bacterium (Salmonella typhimurium). Bacterial inoculums (1×107 CFU/ml) with different concentrations of chavill extract were added to skimmed milk medium and bacteria growth were enumerated. Results: The concentration of 1% chavill extract significantly increased the total count of probiotic bacteria compared to the control group, while the number of pathogenic bacteria was decreased. At 3% chavill extract the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantaram were increased. On the other hand, it prevented the growth of Salmonella typhimurium Conclusion: Chavill extracts would play as an alternative to antibiotics in pharmacological studies to decreases harmful bacteria and increase probiotic bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]