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Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cre-10.1177_02692155231183779 for Walking ability of individuals fitted with transfemoral bone-anchored prostheses: A comparative study of gait parameters by Simone Ranaldi, Alexandre Naaim, Cristiano De Marchis, Thomas Robert, Raphael Dumas, Silvia Conforto and Laurent Frossard in Clinical Rehabilitation

The goal of this study is to assess the impact of two spinal postures (erect and slouched when seated) on the wrist, elbow and shoulder joint angles, in relation to the risk thresholds defined by international standards.

ESBiomech 2021, 26th Congress of the European Society of Biomechanics, Milan, ITALIE, 11-/07/2021 - 14/07/2021; This study aims at visualizing and quantifying the liner movement in ex vivo experiments, for different leg movements. Ultrasound imaging is used as it is non-invasive, and has already been used to visualize the liner movement in vitro (on immerged DMC).

Analysing the ground reaction force (GRF) is an important component in rehabilitation medicine evaluation. Force platemeasurements remain the gold standard but wearable systems are gaining precision and reproducibility allowing for relevant in-field analysis. The Gait-Teacher custom made by Rehabshop (Belgrade), is an insole with embedded industrial quality pressure sensors and one 3D inertial measurement unit (IMU). Typically, coupling the pressure sensors and IMU may help in assess the GRF. The hypothesis was that from the instrumented insole data we can estimate the horizontal and vertical components of the GRF during the loading and push-off phases of the gait cycle. One healthy subject was walking at self-selected pace and data from the wearable system were validated against reference data obtained from a motion analysis system and a force plate. We found that the insole could estimate correctly the GRF during the loading phase but not during the push-off phase, probably due to the need to further optimize sensor position in the insole.

Total ankle replacement (TAR) is considered to be an optimal treatment strategy to relieve pain during walking in patients suffering from end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the post-operative effect of TAR on the foot joint angles. We included 28 patients suffering from post-traumatic end-stage ankle osteoarthritis scheduled for primary TAR. A multi-segment foot model was used to measure the kinematics of Ankle, Chopart, Lisfranc and MTP1 joints during gait. Post-operatively, patients demonstrated a significant increase in plantarflexion ankle joint angle and in dorsiflexion Chopart joint angle during loading response. No differences in joint angles were observed during midstance. During propulsion, an increase in the MTP1 dorsiflexion was observed. Clinical significance of this study dictates that patients after TAR preserve their residual pre-operative ankle dorsiflexion and the neighbouring foot joints seem also to be affected.

BONHES 6th Colloquium, Virtuel, , 19-/02/2021 - 19/02/2021; Two ongoing studies: Dynamic estimation of lower body soft tissues stiffness coefficients, Soft tissues artefact in hindfoot kinematic assessing thanks to tibio talo calcaneal arthrodesis.

The concept of margin of stability in the medial-lateral direction introduced by Hof et al (2005) can characterize gait stability. Indeed, this margin has been presented for individuals with transtibial and transfemoral amputation fitted with socket-suspended prostheses. Furthermore, margin of stability will be particularly relevant to further establish if direct skeletal attachment enabling osseoperception and overall better control on the prosthesis can improve balance during gait. However, this study is yet to be conducted. This study aimed at presenting the margin of stability during gait of individuals fitted with transfemoral bone-anchored prosthesis attached to osseointegrated fixation.

18ème congrès de la SOFAMEA, GRENOBLE, FRANCE, 23-/01/2019 - 25/01/2019; To determine the change in gait biomechanics after total ankle replacement (TAR) and ankle arthrodesis (AA) for osteoarthritis compared to the pre-operative gait status.

18ème congrès de la SOFAMEA, GRENOBLE, FRANCE, 23-/01/2019 - 25/01/2019; In daily practice, methods of assessment in patients suffering from foot and pathologies are observation, anamnesis, clinical assessment, medical imaging and in rare cases 3D gait analysis (3DGA). 3DGA is the state of the art for measuring lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics. However, assessing kinetics for the foot joints remains challenging and few studies integrate kinetic pressure map's measurement. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of patient kinetics evaluation using 3DGA with a multi-segment foot model.

The present study evaluates the 3D angle between the joint moment and the joint angular velocity vectors and investigates if the ankle, Chopart and Lisfranc joints are predominantly driven or stabilized during gait. The 3D angle curves show that the three joints adapt a stabilization-resistance configuration during the stance phase, except at pre-swing with all joints in a propulsion configuration.

15th International Symposium on 3-D Analysis of Human Movement, Manchester, ROYAUME-UNI, 03-/07/2018 - 06/07/2018; Stereophotogrammetry has been widely used for measuring gait. Conventional gait analysis systems tend to be based on the Davis marker-set [1]. This marker-set is dependent on the position of a wand on the thigh to define medial-lateral thigh axis. This wand is supposed to lie in the frontal plane of the thigh and can be difficult to position properly. A poor positioning leads to axis misorientation which can cause errors known as crosstalk. Crosstalk corresponds to an unphysiological knee Abduction Adduction (AA) amplitude correlated with knee Flexion-Extension (FE) [2]. This phenomenon also affects hip Internal External Rotation (IER) which is a parameter of high interest in clinical gait analysis (CGA). Several methods have been proposed previously to better define the medial-lateral axis of the thigh and improve the quality of both hip and knee kinematics. However, the corrections were not always satisfying or difficult to implement [2-3].

Soft Tissue Artefact (STA) is one of the most important limitations when measuring upper limb kinematics through marker-based motion capture techniques, especially for the scapula. Multi Body Optimisation (MBO) has already been proposed to correct STA when measuring lower limb kinematics and can be easily adapted for upper limb. For this purpose, the joint kinematic constraints should be as anatomical as possible. The aim of this thesis was thus to define and validate an anatomical upper limb kinematic model that could be used both to correct STA through the use of MBO and for future musculoskeletal models developments. For this purpose, a model integrating closed loop models of the forearm and of the scapula belt have been developed, including a new anatomical-based model of the scapulothoracic joint. This model constrained the scapula plane to be tangent to an ellipsoid modelling the thorax. All these models were confronted to typical models extracted from the literature through cadaveric and in vivo intracortical pins studies. All models generated similar error when evaluating their ability to mimic the bones kinematics and to correct STA. However, the new forearm and scapulothoracic models were more interesting when considering further musculoskeletal developments: The forearm model allows considering both the ulna and the radius and the scapulothoracic model better represents the constraint existing between the thorax and the scapula. This thesis allowed developing a complete anatomical upper limb kinematic chain. Although the STA correction obtained was not as good as expected, the use of this approach for a future musculoskeletal models has been validated; Les Artefacts de Tissus Mous (ATM) sont actuellement une des limitations principales pour la mesure du mouvement du membre supérieur avec les techniques actuelles d'analyse du mouvement. L'optimisation multi-segmentaire (OMS) a déjà prouvé son efficacité pour la mesure du mouvement du membre inférieur. Afin d'avoir la meilleure correction possible, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des modèles d'articulation proches de l'anatomie. L'objectif de cette thèse a donc été de développer et de valider un modèle du membre supérieur qui pourrait être utilisé pour la correction des ATM par OMS. De nouveaux modèles en boucle fermée de l'avant-bras et de la ceinture scapulaire ont ainsi été développés accompagnés d'un nouveau modèle de l'articulation scapulo-thoracique imposant à la scapula d'être tangente à un ellipsoïde modélisant le thorax. Ces nouveaux modèles ont été confrontés aux modèles courants de la littérature à travers une étude avec vis intra-corticales sur cadavre et in vivo sur sujets asymptomatiques. Des niveaux d'erreur similaires ont été observés pour tous les modèles quant à leur capacité de corriger les ATM et d'imiter la cinématique osseuse. Les nouveaux modèles semblent cependant beaucoup plus intéressants dans une perspective de développement d'un modèle musculo- squelettique. En effet, le modèle d'avant-bras autorise à la fois d'avoir le mouvement du radius et de l'ulna tandis que le modèle scapulo-thoracique représente mieux la contrainte existant entre le thorax et la scapula. En résumé, cette thèse a permis de développer un modèle complet proche de l'anatomie du membre supérieur permettant de corriger les ATM en utilisant une OMS. Bien que la correction des ATM obtenue n'est pas aussi satisfaisante qu'espérée, l'utilisation de cette approche pour le développement de futurs modèles musculo-squelettique a été validée

Soft Tissue Artefact (STA) is one of the most important limitations when measuring upper limb kinematics through marker-based motion capture techniques, especially for the scapula. Multi Body Optimisation (MBO) has already been proposed to correct STA when measuring lower limb kinematics and can be easily adapted for upper limb. For this purpose, the joint kinematic constraints should be as anatomical as possible. The aim of this thesis was thus to define and validate an anatomical upper limb kinematic model that could be used both to correct STA through the use of MBO and for future musculoskeletal models developments. For this purpose, a model integrating closed loop models of the forearm and of the scapula belt have been developed, including a new anatomical-based model of the scapulothoracic joint. This model constrained the scapula plane to be tangent to an ellipsoid modelling the thorax. All these models were confronted to typical models extracted from the literature through cadaveric and in vivo intracortical pins studies. All models generated similar error when evaluating their ability to mimic the bones kinematics and to correct STA. However, the new forearm and scapulothoracic models were more interesting when considering further musculoskeletal developments: The forearm model allows considering both the ulna and the radius and the scapulothoracic model better represents the constraint existing between the thorax and the scapula. This thesis allowed developing a complete anatomical upper limb kinematic chain. Although the STA correction obtained was not as good as expected, the use of this approach for a future musculoskeletal models has been validated, Les Artefacts de Tissus Mous (ATM) sont actuellement une des limitations principales pour la mesure du mouvement du membre supérieur avec les techniques actuelles d'analyse du mouvement. L'optimisation multi-segmentaire (OMS) a déjà prouvé son efficacité pour la mesure du mouvement du membre inférieur. Afin d'avoir la meilleure correction possible, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des modèles d'articulation proches de l'anatomie. L'objectif de cette thèse a donc été de développer et de valider un modèle du membre supérieur qui pourrait être utilisé pour la correction des ATM par OMS. De nouveaux modèles en boucle fermée de l'avant-bras et de la ceinture scapulaire ont ainsi été développés accompagnés d'un nouveau modèle de l'articulation scapulo-thoracique imposant à la scapula d'être tangente à un ellipsoïde modélisant le thorax. Ces nouveaux modèles ont été confrontés aux modèles courants de la littérature à travers une étude avec vis intra-corticales sur cadavre et in vivo sur sujets asymptomatiques. Des niveaux d'erreur similaires ont été observés pour tous les modèles quant à leur capacité de corriger les ATM et d'imiter la cinématique osseuse. Les nouveaux modèles semblent cependant beaucoup plus intéressants dans une perspective de développement d'un modèle musculo- squelettique. En effet, le modèle d'avant-bras autorise à la fois d'avoir le mouvement du radius et de l'ulna tandis que le modèle scapulo-thoracique représente mieux la contrainte existant entre le thorax et la scapula. En résumé, cette thèse a permis de développer un modèle complet proche de l'anatomie du membre supérieur permettant de corriger les ATM en utilisant une OMS. Bien que la correction des ATM obtenue n'est pas aussi satisfaisante qu'espérée, l'utilisation de cette approche pour le développement de futurs modèles musculo-squelettique a été validée