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Jatropha mutabilis (Pohl) Baill is an endemic species of the Caatinga biome, little studied in terms of chemical composition. The objective of this work was to develop an analytical methodology to quantify vitexin in the ethanolic extract of J. mutabilis and to evaluate the expectorant and antitussive activities in mice. The expectorant activity was performed by measuring the phenol red obtained from the bronchoalveolar fluid in animals and the antitussive activity was evaluated by the cough method induced by citric acid (0.4 M). The method developed by HPLC–DAD proved to be simple, linear, precise, accurate, robust and specific. Besides, both vitexin (0.2, 1 and 5 mg/kg) and the extract of J. mutabilis (20, 102, 510 mg/kg) showed efficacy in decrease cough and increase aqueous mucus in mice, but vitexin was more potent. Lastly, the identification of vitexin opens the possibility of new studies for J. mutabilis.

Triplaris gardneriana belongs to the family Polygonaceae, known for producing a number of biologically important molecules. The present study was aimed at identifying and quantify its total flavonoid content and determining the antioxidant and photoprotective potential of the plant’s leaves. The flavonoids present in the extract and fractions were analyzed using Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and autoxidation of β-carotene. The absorbance of the extracts was measured at different concentrations between 260 to 400 nm wavelengths. Calculation of sun protection factor (SPF) was determined using the formula developed by Mansur. The total flavonoid content was determined by the method developed by Dewanto. In the study, the following four flavonols were identified: quercetin-hexoside (2a), quercetin-pentoside (2b), quercetin-ramnobioside (2c) and myricetin-hexoside (2d). The crude ethanol extract, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions showed higher flavonoid content and also exhibited excellent antioxidant and photoprotective activity. The SPF values were best observed for the crude ethanol extract and for the chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions. The good antioxidant and photoprotective potential can be attributed to the presence of flavonols identified for the first time in this species. Key words: Triplaris gardneriana, Polygonaceae, antioxidant activity, photoprotective activity, glycosylated flavonols, LC-MS.

p. 596-602 Submitted by JURANDI DE SOUZA SILVA (jssufba@hotmail.com) on 2012-03-02T12:23:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 C__Documents and Settings_rep...t.default_Cache_0_D1_CC9D1d01.pdf: 275086 bytes, checksum: 1b60c6ff0f48421176622c1ede9f1263 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-02T12:23:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 C__Documents and Settings_rep...t.default_Cache_0_D1_CC9D1d01.pdf: 275086 bytes, checksum: 1b60c6ff0f48421176622c1ede9f1263 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 7-Hydroxycoumarin (umbelliferone, 1), the main metabolite of coumarin, has been reported to produce potent antinociceptive effects in animal models of pain. However, the biochemical events involved in antinociception mediated by 1 are currently not well understood. In the present study, the mechanisms by which 1 exerts its pharmacological actions were investigated. Acute pretreatment of mice with 1 produced a long-lasting antinociceptive effect against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced hyperalgesia. The subchronic administration of 1 inhibited CFA-induced hyperalgesia and paw edema, while it did not cause any apparent toxicity. Another set of experiments showed that 1 inhibited carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, but not mechanical hyperalgesia induced by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), suggesting that it acts upstream of PGE2. Treatment with 1 was able to prevent the plantar tissue neutrophil influx induced by local inflammatory stimuli. In addition, 1 exhibited inhibitory effects on the release of hyperalgesic cytokines (TNF-R and IL-1β) and the production of PGE2, a directly acting hyperalgesic mediator. The present results suggest that the antinociceptive effect of 1 is correlated with the inhibition of neutrophil migration, cytokine release, and PGE2 production and are supportive of the further investigation of the therapeutic potential of 1 to control inflammatory pain.

Amburana cearensis, popularly known as "umburana-de-cheiro" or "cumaru" is a tree widely distributed in northeastern of Brazil, its wood is used in furniture making and has considerable therapeutic properties in folk medicine. Several compounds have been isolated and identified from A. cearensis, including protocatechuic acid, coumarins, flavonoids (isokaempferide, kaempferol, afrormosin and 4’-methoxyfisetin) and the phenol glucosides (amburosides A and B) among others. This species has antiinflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic and bronchodilator. Despite its economic and pharmacology importance few studies are found in the literature about that species. Therefore, this study attempts to review the chemistry and pharmacology of this plant species Amburana cearensis, conhecida popularmente como “umburana-de-cheiro” ou “cumaru”, é uma planta arbórea amplamente distribuída no Nordeste brasileiro, sua madeira é utilizada na movelaria e tem apreciáveis propriedades terapêuticas na medicina popular. Vários compostos já foram isolados e identificados da A. cearensis, incluindo: ácido protocatecuico, cumarinas, flavonóides (isocampferídeo, campferol, afrormosina, 4’-metoxi-fisetina e quercetina) e glicosídeos fenólicos (amburosídeo A e B), entre outros. Apresenta atividade antiinflamatória, analgésica, antiespasmódica e broncodilatadora. Apesar de sua importância econômica e farmacológica, poucos estudos são encontrados na literatura especializada. Portanto, o presente trabalho buscou fazer uma revisão da química e farmacologia dessa espécie vegetal

Texto completo: acesso restrito. p. 205-213 Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-09-09T18:44:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jpp.62.02.0008.pdf: 744254 bytes, checksum: 0b8d923ef8e7f92586fb6eda00330f06 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles (rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-11-19T20:59:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jpp.62.02.0008.pdf: 744254 bytes, checksum: 0b8d923ef8e7f92586fb6eda00330f06 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-19T20:59:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jpp.62.02.0008.pdf: 744254 bytes, checksum: 0b8d923ef8e7f92586fb6eda00330f06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 Objectives In the present study we investigated the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of 7-hydroxycoumarin (7-HC) in animal models. Methods The effects of oral 7-HC were tested against acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin test, tail flick test, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced hypernociception, carrageenan-induced paw oedema, lipopolysaccharide-induced fever and the rota rod test. Key findings 7-HC (3–60 mg/kg) produced a dose-related antinociception against acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and in the formalin test. In contrast, treatment with 7-HC did not prevent thermal nociception in the tail flick test. A single treatment with 7-HC, 60 mg/kg, produced a long-lasting antinociceptive effect against CFA-induced hypernociception, a chronic inflammatory pain stimulus. Notably, at 60 mg/kg per day over 4 days the administration of 7-HC produced a continuous antinociceptive effect against CFA-induced hypernociception. 7-HC (30–120 mg/kg) produced anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects against carrageenan-induced inflammation and lipopolysaccharide-induced fever, respectively. Moreover, 7-HC was found to be safe with respect to ulcer induction. In the rota rod test, 7-HC-treated mice did not show any motor performance alterations. Conclusions The prolonged antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of 7-HC, in association with its low ulcerogenic activity, indicate that this molecule might be a good candidate for development of new drugs for the control of chronic inflammatory pain and fever.

The essential oil of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunt. (Fabaceae) leaves was tested for their antimicrobial activity against eighteen pathogenic microorganisms using standard gel diffusion method. It showed activity against Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida stellatoidea, Micrococcus luteus and Trichophyton rubrum. O óleo essencial das folhas de Bowdichia virgilioides Kunt. (Fabaceae) foi testado para a verificação da sua atividade antimicrobiana contra dezoito microorganismos patogênicos, usando o método de difusão em meio sólido. Foi observada atividade contra Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida stellatoidea, Micrococcus luteus e Trichophyton rubrum.

P. 517-524,Out/Dez. Submitted by JURANDI DE SOUZA SILVA (jssufba@hotmail.com) on 2011-10-21T12:53:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 a14v16n4.pdf: 232835 bytes, checksum: 09e4123cc08544d2f32a38fbd908527a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2011-10-21T12:53:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 a14v16n4.pdf: 232835 bytes, checksum: 09e4123cc08544d2f32a38fbd908527a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 Diante da problemática da resistência microbiana as pesquisas apontam para o uso de novos antibióticos que sejam eficazes ante os patógenos emergentes. Este trabalho objetiva testar frente a bactérias gram-positivas (Staphylococcus aureus), bactérias gram-negativas (Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa) e fungos leveduriformes (Candida albicans), a atividade antimicrobiana e a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de fitoconstituintes de Ocotea duckei Vattimo, do lapachol, seus derivados semi-sintéticos, a-lapachona, b-nor-lapachona, b-lapachona, a-nor-lapachona, b-3-iodo-lapachona e a-3-iodo–lapachona, assim como 07 derivados nitrogenados obtidos a partir do lapachol por semi-síntese e de imidas cíclicas similares ao alcalóide filantimida. Os resultados obtidos estimulam o aprofundamento dos estudos para algumas dessas substâncias a exemplo do lapachol e seus análogos que demonstraram atividade antimicrobiana, de modo que os produtos que se apresentaram ativos para S. aureus, foram lapachol e o extrato etanólico de Ocotea duckei, para E. coli foi a iangambina e para a Candida albicans foram as imidas. As demais substâncias não apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana para as cepas testadas. João Pessoa

Arrabidaea harleyi A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) is an ornamental plant found in some regions of the Atlantic forest in Brazil. From its bark a mixture of verbascoside and isoverbascoside was isolated. This mixture was shown to be active againstStaphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, Enterecoccus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcensisand Candida albicans. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was established by diffusion method. Arrabidaea harleyi A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) é uma planta ornamental, encontrada em algumas regiões da Mata Atlântica do Brasil. A partir das cascas do caule foi isolada a mistura dos isômeros verbascosídeo e isoverbascosídeo. A mistura mostrou-se ativa frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcensis e Candida albicans. Foi estabelecida a concentração mínima inibitória (CMI) através do método de difusão em meio sólido.

Arrabidaea harleyi A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) is an ornamental plant found in some regions of the Atlantic forest in Brazil. From its bark a mixture of verbascoside and isoverbascoside was isolated. This mixture was shown to be active againstStaphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, Enterecoccus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcensisand Candida albicans. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was established by diffusion method. Arrabidaea harleyi A.H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) é uma planta ornamental, encontrada em algumas regiões da Mata Atlântica do Brasil. A partir das cascas do caule foi isolada a mistura dos isômeros verbascosídeo e isoverbascosídeo. A mistura mostrou-se ativa frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcensis e Candida albicans. Foi estabelecida a concentração mínima inibitória (CMI) através do método de difusão em meio sólido.