Search

Antimicrobial drugs are used as chemotherapeutic agents for treatment, prophylactic medication, growth promoters, and the improvement of feed efficiency. Indiscriminate use of these drugs may leave residues in milk, which could pose a potential threat to human health and have undesirable effects on consumers, including allergic or toxic reactions, carcinogenic effects, bacterial resistance, and imbalance of the gut microfloraTo guarantee the safety of food products as well as public health, monitoring the levels of antimicrobial residues is necessary. The sample preparation, extraction of different physicochemical residues of milk, preconcentration of the extract, and elimination of any matrix interferences that may affect the overall performance of the analytical methods. SPE extraction with an Oasis HLB column is one of the most commonly used techniques for sample preparation and provides an effective and repeatable method for the selective concentration of target analytes in complex matrices. Different variations of this method, including acetonitrile, methanol, and acetonitrile: methanol (50:50), 20% trichloroacetic acid, and McIlvaine buffer, were optimized. According to the obtained results, the prescribed criteria for the analytical yield are met only by the extraction method using 20% trichloroacetic acid and Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine buffer. Chromatographic separation of analytes was achieved on a Kinetex®C18 column and provided satisfactory resolution within the shortest run time. The ESI positive ionization was promoted, and the detection of the compounds was improved with the acidic mobile phase. After optimization of chromatographic conditions, MS/MS conditions, and extraction procedures, the LCMS/MS method was validated according to the criteria of Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doping is a public health issue and not simply a problem inside the professional sports community It is a complex and ancient phenomenon considering the vast variety of substances, supplied through both legal and illegal trading routes. It occurs in elite athletes but also affects amateur athletes and was generally considered as dangerous and unhealthy. Furthermore, it involves athletes' friends and relatives, medical staff, managers, chemists, biologists and pharmacists, pharmaceutical industries, clandestine laboratories and criminal organizations. Over time, doping has shown a great ability to discover and always use new substances and appropriated the new scientific discoveries. Unfortunately, new discoveries for the human health have been used in distorted way by the athletes. In fact, the athletes may be able to use gene therapy to re-engineer their bodies for better performances. Drug dependence depends on several factors: the socio-environmental context of the subject and what effects have the substance in the body. We will agree that sport is essentially under the current anti-doping campaign executed by a coordinated alliance between the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), law enforcement authorities, sports organizers and the media. This paper explores comprehensive description of the state of doping and its regulation in the past and nowadays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parcetamol is one of the most popular analgesic and antipyretic drugs. The existence of this drug in different pharmaceutical forms makes it even easier to use it at different ages. It is considered first-line treatment in children, for the treatment of pain and fever. With its widespread use, it has become one of the most common pharmaceuticals associated with accidental poisoning. Infants and children are particularly susceptible to acute overdose of paracetamol, which often causes: hepatotoxicity, hypothermia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, respiratory side effects, etc. In 80% of the presented cases, paracetamol was used for fever, therefore hypothermia is one of the most expressed symptoms. The main purpose of this study is to identify toxic doses of paracetamol in children, symptoms, management and treatment of these poisonings. From this research, in a single pediatric clinic, many paracetamol intoxications have occurred due to parents' mistakes, therefore these mistakes should be made known to the public in order to be avoided by others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectivies: Evaluation of the practical clinical therapeutic effect, on the influence of the form in gel and chip containing chlorhexidine Gluconate during gingivitis, through comparative analysis in patients using conventional method (CM), conventional gel-supported therapy (chlosite) Chlorhexidine gluconate (CM-S and conventional therapy supported with PerioChip Chlorhexidine gluconate (CM-S). Materials and Methods: To achieve this goal, there were included 30 patients from both groups and genders, aged 20-50 years old, during the radiological and clinical examination were diagnosed with chronic periodontal disease. The subjects were divided into three groups: the first group, there were used only conventional methods, the second group was treated with CM-S gel, and the third group with CM-S PerioChip Chlorhexidine gluconate. In all three groups included in this study, gingival inflammation with the Silness Loo index was determined at four-time points: first, during the initial treatment, then after the 15th day, after the 30th day and in the end after 90 days of the first treatment. The Gel and PerioChip Chlorhexidine gluconate in patients was initially administered during the first examination. Numerical statistics were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods (Mean Standard Standard Deviation, ± 95% CI, Min., Max.), While the interactive effects between the two examined methods after the first treatment, on the 15th, 30th and the 90th day, were analyzed the effects with repeated measures of Anova (F) / Bonferroni Post-hoc test (p). Results: The results show the reduction of gingival inflammation in all three groups after 15th, 30th and 90th days after the treatment compared to the first examination. Comparison of the gingival inflammation index on the 15th, 30th and 90th day between the three groups, shows significantly better therapeutic efficacy in the CM-S-treated groups, which was supported using Gel and PerioChip Chlorhexidine gluconate. Conclusion: Subjects treated with CM-S, compared to those treated with CM, had a significantly improved their clinical effect, while having significant efficacy against gingival inflammation whereas the gel application method has more significant application efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are widely used to prevent or treat bacterial infections and are a growth promoter to increase food efficiency. Their residues may cause bacterial resistance, allergic hypersensitivity, and toxic effects predicting a potential risk to human health. This study aimed to detect residues of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in milk using the ELISA screening method. A total of 130 milk samples were examined for the presence of quinolone antibiotic residues and were collected in 2015 under a national residue monitoring plan. Samples were collected and delivered by authorized inspection personnel. Samples were analyzed for residues of quinolone antibiotics using an ELISA test kit (type AB685 from TECNA, Trieste, Italy). The methods were validated in accordance with the recommendations made by European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The data obtained confirmed that the methods were appropriate for the detection of specific antibiotics, at the level of concentration of interest. The linear regression analysis revealed good correlation factors with R2=0.994. The validation procedure was carried out by the criteria laid down in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The detection limit (LOD) for fluoroquinolons was 6.17 (μg/kg) and the detection capability (CCβ) was 77.62 (μg/kg). Recoveries were in the range of 75.03%. The values obtained for the CCβ were below the MRL (maximum residue limits). None of the samples analyzed had a value higher than the minimum required level of performance of the screening method. Validation of the successful method according to the requirements of the European Union and its sensitivity and specificity, simple and good, to arrive at the unambiguous identification of fluoroquinolone antibiotic residues in milk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Inflammatory respiratory diseases in childhood are frequent occurrences and account for about 70% of the general morbidity in childhood. Differentiating bacterial and viral infections as well as their early detection is very important in pediatric practice. OBJECTIVE: Observe the use of antibiotics in upper and lower respiratory tract infections at pediatric age. Material and method: The study is prospective, randomized, conducted in Tetovo Clinical Hospital, Pediatric Department and Clinical Biochemistry laboratory, during the period from January-March 2017. It includes 468 children. Verification of diagnosis included calculation, objective examination, anamnesis, CRP-cut-off> 40mg / l, morphological blood (leukocytes), peripheral blood smear, lung x-rays. Results: With upper respiratory tract infections (tonsilopharyngeal) 254 cases (54.27%) out of which 176 (69.2%) cases have been viral infections and 78 (30.7%) have had bacterial infections according to the criteria. With respiratory tract infections (bronchopneumonia) of 214 or (45.72%) cases in 116 (54.2%) of cases resulted in viral infections and 98 (45.79%) resulted in bacterial infections. It has been observed that in 72% of cases in both respiratory tract levels antibiotic therapy has been ordained. Discussion: The current problem is the use of inexperienced antibiotics by the family members as well as the maternal physician who does not use diagnostic methods until the end Conclusion Although diagnostic methods have difficulties, the benefits for children are great: * Diagnosis can help reduce hospitalization * Rational use of antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Surgical Arts / Cerrahi Sanatlar Dergisi is the property of Journal of Surgical Arts / Cerrahi Sanatlar Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses a study which examined the effects of L-carnitine in uremic patients who received treatment with hemodialysis.