400 results on '"NMR‐based metabolomics"'
Search Results
2. Metabolomic and biochemical disorders reveal the toxicity of environmental microplastics and benzo[a]pyrene in the marine polychaete Hediste diversicolor
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Abouda, Siwar, Galati, Mariachiara, Oliveri Conti, Gea, Cappello, Tiziana, Abelouah, Mohamed Rida, Romdhani, Ilef, Ait Alla, Aicha, Ferrante, Margherita, Maisano, Maria, and Banni, Mohamed
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- 2024
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Catalog
3. Raw material–dependent changes in bacterial and compositional profiles are involved in insufficient pH decrease in natural lactic fermentation of Brassica rapa leaves
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Tomita, Satoru, Inaoka, Takashi, Endo, Akihito, and Okada, Sanae
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- 2024
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4. Effects of Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Improving Exercise Performance in Mice: A 1 H-NMR-Based Metabolomic Analysis Approach.
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Zou, Hong, Gong, Lijing, Wang, Zhiyuan, Huang, Caihua, Luo, Yue, Jia, Xiao, Yu, Jingjing, Lin, Donghai, and Zhang, Yimin
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AEROBIC capacity , *SKELETAL muscle , *HEAT shock proteins , *DIETARY supplements , *PROTEIN synthesis - Abstract
To improve exercise performance, the supplement of nutrients has become a common practice before prolonged exercise. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been shown to ameliorate oxidative stress damage, which may be beneficial in improving exercise capacity. Here, we assessed the effects of TMAO on mice with exhaustive swimming, analyzed the metabolic changes, and identified significantly altered metabolic pathways of skeletal muscle using a nuclear magnetic resonance-based (NMR-based) metabolomics approach to uncover the effects of TMAO improving exercise performance of mice. We found that TMAO pre-administration markedly prolonged the exhaustive time in mice. Further investigation showed that TMAO pre-administration increased levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate, isocitrate, anserine, TMA, taurine, glycine, and glutathione and disturbed the three metabolic pathways related to oxidative stress and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. Our results provide a metabolic mechanistic understanding of the effects of TMAO supplements on the exercise performance of skeletal muscle in mice. This work may be beneficial in exploring the potential of TMAO to be applied in nutritional supplementation to improve exercise performance. This work will lay a scientific foundation and be beneficial to exploring the potential of TMAO to apply in nutritional supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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5. Redox Balance and Inflammatory Response in Follicular Fluids of Women Recovered by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Anti-COVID-19 Vaccinated: A Combined Metabolomics and Biochemical Study.
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Castiglione Morelli, Maria A., Iuliano, Assunta, Viggiani, Licia, Matera, Ilenia, Pistone, Alessandro, Schettini, Sergio C. A., Colucci, Paola, and Ostuni, Angela
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REPRODUCTIVE technology , *GENITALIA , *HUMAN in vitro fertilization , *COVID-19 vaccines , *OXIDATIVE stress - Abstract
To date, not many studies have presented evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infecting the female reproductive system. Furthermore, so far, no effect of the administration of anti-COVID 19 vaccines has been reported to affect the quality of oocytes retrieved from women who resorted to assisted reproduction technology (ART). The FF metabolic profiles of women who had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 before IVF treatments or after COVID-19 vaccination were examined by 1H NMR. Immunochemical characterization of proteins and cytokines involved in the redox and inflammatory pathways was performed. The increased expression of SOD2 and NQO1, the lack of alteration of IL-6 and CXCL10 levels, as well as the increased expression of CD39, suggested that, both sharing similar molecular mechanisms or proceeding along different routes, the redox balance is controlled in the FF of both vaccinated and recovered women compared to controls. The lower amount of metabolites known to have proinflammatory activity, i.e., TMAO and lipids, further supported the biochemical results, suggesting that the FF microenvironment is controlled so as to guarantee oocyte quality and does not compromise the outcome of ART. In terms of the number of blastocysts obtained after ICSI and the pregnancy rate, the results are also comforting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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6. Recent Advancement in NMR Based Plant Metabolomics: Techniques, Tools, and Analytical Approaches.
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Kumar, Nitish and Jaitak, Vikas
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METABOLOMICS , *NUCLEAR magnetic resonance , *CHEMICAL shift (Nuclear magnetic resonance) , *SMALL molecules , *CHEMICAL reactions - Abstract
AbstractPlant metabolomics, a rapidly advancing field within plant biology, is dedicated to comprehensively exploring the intricate array of small molecules in plant systems. This entails precisely gathering comprehensive chemical data, detecting numerous metabolites, and ensuring accurate molecular identification. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, with its detailed chemical insights, is crucial in obtaining metabolite profiles. Its widespread application spans various research disciplines, aiding in comprehending chemical reactions, kinetics, and molecule characterization. Biotechnological advancements have further expanded NMR's utility in metabolomics, particularly in identifying disease biomarkers across diverse fields such as agriculture, medicine, and pharmacology. This review covers the stages of NMR-based metabolomics, including historical aspects and limitations, with sample preparation, data acquisition, spectral processing, analysis, and their application parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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7. Microplastics and low tide warming: Metabolic disorders in intertidal Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas)
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Nina Paul, Anette Tillmann, Gisela Lannig, Bernadette Pogoda, Magnus Lucassen, Nicholas Mackay-Roberts, Gunnar Gerdts, and Christian Bock
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NMR-based metabolomics ,Pollution ,Global change ,Bivalves ,Oxidative stress ,Anthropogenic stressors ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Sessile intertidal organisms live in a harsh environment with challenging environmental conditions and increasing anthropogenic pressure such as microplastic (MP) pollution. This study focused on effects of environmentally relevant MP concentrations on the metabolism of intertidal Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and its potential MP-induced vulnerability to warming during midday low tide. Oysters experienced a simulated semidiurnal tidal cycle based on their natural habitat, and were exposed to a mixture of polystyrene microbeads (4, 7.5 and 10 µm) at two environmentally relevant concentrations (0.025 µg L−1 and 25 µg L−1) for 16 days, with tissue samplings after 3 and 12 days to address dose-dependent effects over time. On the last day of exposure, the remaining oysters were additionally exposed to low tide warming (3 °C h−1) to investigate possible MP-induced susceptibility to aerial warming. Metabolites of digestive gland and gill tissues were analysed by using untargeted 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based metabolomics. For the digestive gland metabolite profiles were comparable to each other independent of MP concentration, exposure time, or warming. In contrast, gill metabolites were significantly affected by high MP exposure and warming irrespective of MP, initiating the same cellular stress response to counteract induced oxidative stress. The activated cascade of antioxidant defence mechanisms required energy on top of the general energy turnover to keep up homeostasis, which in turn may lead to subtle, and likely sub-lethal, effects within intertidal oyster populations. Present results underline the importance of examining the effects of environmentally relevant MP concentrations not only alone but in combination with other environmental stressors. more...
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- 2024
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8. Building the Resilience of Marginal Rural Areas Using a Complementary Characterization Approach: Possible Beneficial Health Effects and Stress Tolerance of Italian Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces.
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Falcione, Martina, Renella, Alessandra, Samukha, Vadym, Colardo, Mayra, Simiele, Melissa, Scippa, Gabriella Stefania, Segatto, Marco, and Trupiano, Dalila
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COMMON bean , *RURAL geography , *CULTURAL identity , *PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments , *INTESTINAL cancer , *GENETIC variation - Abstract
Common bean landraces, besides contributing to the preservation of the social and cultural identity of the local communities of the production area, typically display adaptability to adverse agro-climatic conditions. This adapted germplasm is a repository of the gene pool and also shows typical phytochemical profiles, representing an essential source of bioactive components. However, genetic erosion is progressively affecting this genetic material, creating serious threats to its cultivation in marginal rural areas and use as a source of biodiversity and bioproducts. In the present work, a comprehensive approach was used to characterize the seed morpho-colorimetric traits, genetic diversity, and NMR metabolomic profiles of three Italian common bean landraces. Specific physiological and biochemical features (antioxidant molecules, osmolytes, structural reorganization of photosynthetic pigment, etc.), together with the accumulation of distinctive metabolites, contribute to the description of the observed diversity among the landraces in terms of the salt stress response and antiproliferative abilities on intestinal human cancer cells. This information could be useful in establishing their value in terms of environmental and/or human health "service", both essential to translating landraces into competitive products, a prerequisite for envisioning appropriate strategies for their conservation and a driving force for the revitalization of marginal rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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9. NMR Untargeted and HPLC-MS/MS Targeted Metabolomic Approaches for Evaluating Styrene Exposure in the Urine of Shipyard Workers.
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Giampaoli, Ottavia, Sciubba, Fabio, Tranfo, Giovanna, Sisto, Renata, Pigini, Daniela, De Rosa, Michele, Patriarca, Adriano, Miccheli, Alfredo, Fetoni, Anna Rita, Tricarico, Laura, and Spagnoli, Mariangela more...
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STYRENE ,METABOLOMICS ,SHIPYARDS ,CHEMICAL properties ,PSEUDOURIDINE - Abstract
Due to its chemical properties, styrene is largely employed in the manufacturing of several products including rubber, polymers and resins, and it is particularly suitable for shipbuilding industry purposes. In this context, the main exposure to styrene occurs in occupational settings. Despite its widespread use, its long-term effects on human health at the occupational level are still unclear. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in styrene exposure biomarkers related to the metabolic and oxidative stress profiles in the urine of seventeen shipyard workers and seventeen non-exposed subjects. Urinary metabolites were assessed by means of NMR spectroscopy, including mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids; four oxidative stress biomarkers, namely 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine, were evaluated via HPLC-MS/MS. The metabolic profiles of exposed workers showed both long- and short-term metabolic responses to styrene exposure compared to non-exposed subjects. From the comparison between non-exposed and before-shift workers, only 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine levels were significantly different (long term exposure response). At the same time, comparing the non-exposed group with after-shift workers, we observed lower levels of pseudouridine and 1-methylnicotinamide and higher glutamine levels in after-shift workers. The comparison between before-shift and after-shift workers showed that 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine significantly increased after the shift, suggesting its involvement in the exposure to styrene (short-term exposure response). The obtained results, although preliminary, allow us to lay the basis for further human studies aimed at establishing a global understanding of styrene metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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10. NMR-based metabolomics for investigating urinary profiles of metal carpentry workers exposed to welding fumes and volatile organic compounds
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Michele De Rosa, Ottavia Giampaoli, Fabio Sciubba, Federico Marini, Giovanna Tranfo, Renata Sisto, Alfredo Miccheli, Laura Tricarico, Anna Rita Fetoni, and Mariangela Spagnoli
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NMR-based metabolomics ,urinary profile ,occupational exposure ,welding fumes ,volatile organic compounds ,PLS-DA ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
IntroductionMetal carpentry includes a wide range of work activities such as welding and cutting metallic components, use of solvents and paints. Therefore, the employees in these types of activities are mainly exposed to welding fumes and volatile organic solvents. Here, we present an NMR-based metabolomic approach for assessing urinary profiles of workers in the same company that are exposed to two different risk factors.MethodsThe study enrolled 40 male subjects exposed to welding fumes, 13 male subjects exposed to volatile organic compounds of a metal carpentry company, and 24 healthy volunteers. All samples were collected, in the middle of the working week at fast. Thirty-five urinary metabolites belonging to different chemical classes such as amino acids, organic acids and amines were identified and quantified. Results were processed by multivariate statistical analysis for identifying significant metabolites for each working group examined, compared to controls.ResultsWorkers exposed to welding fumes displayed urinary increase in glutamine, tyrosine, taurine, creatine, methylguanidine and pseudouridine associated to oxidative impairment, while workers exposed to volatile organic compounds showed higher urinary levels of branched chain aminoacids.ConclusionOur work identified specific urinary profile related to each occupational exposure, even if it is below the threshold limit values. more...
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- 2024
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11. Metabolomic analysis and bioactivities of Arbutus unedo leaves harvested across the seasons in different natural habitats of Sardinia (Italy)
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Cinzia Sanna, Ilaria Chiocchio, Manuela Mandrone, Francesca Bonvicini, Giovanna A. Gentilomi, Simona Trincia, and Ferruccio Poli
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NMR-based metabolomics ,Antioxidant activity ,Antibacterial activity ,β-arbutin ,O-β-methylglucose ,Phenolics ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Background Arbutus unedo L. is a wild tree of Mediterranean regions used as food and in traditional medicine and important for afforestation programs. There is no detailed information available on the variation of A. unedo leaves metabolome across the seasons. The leaves were analyzed by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR)-based metabolomics, comparing samples harvested across the seasons and in ten different natural habitats of Sardinia (Italy). Results Multivariate analysis showed the impact of seasonal variation on the metabolome: glucose and quinic acid increased in summer, while in spring sucrose was accumulated. β-Arbutin, the main known active principle of A. unedo, generally reached the highest concentration in autumn. In winter, O-β-methylglucose, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), flavonols (quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside, myricetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnoside), catechin, and gallocatechin increased. Characteristic metabolomic features were found also for samples collected in different locations. For instance, trees growing at the highest altitude and exposed to lower temperatures produced less flavonols and catechins. The only sample collected on trees growing on limestones, dolomites, and dolomitic limestones type of soil showed generally the highest content of arbutin. The highest phenolics content was found during spring, while samples collected on flowering branches in winter were the ones with the highest flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity was also variated, ranging from 1.3 to 10.1 mg of Trolox equivalents (TE)/mL of extract, and it was positively correlated to both total phenolics and flavonoid content. Winter samples showed the lowest antibacterial activity, while summer and autumn ones exhibited the highest activity (IC50 values ranging from 17.3 to 42.3 µg/mL against Staphylococcal species). Conclusion This work provides 1 H-NMR fingerprinting of A. unedo leaves, elucidating the main metabolites and their variations during seasons. On the basis of arbutin content, autumn could be considered the balsamic period of this taxon. Samples collected in this season were also the most active ones as antibacterial. Moreover, an interesting metabolomic profile enriched in catechins and flavonols was observed in leaves collected in winter on flowering branches which were endowed with high antioxidant potential. more...
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- 2023
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12. Metabolic signatures and potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer cachexia
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Qiu Xu, Lu Ruohan, He Qiqing, Chen Shu, Huang Caihua, and Lin Donghai
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cancer cachexia ,serum ,NMR-based metabolomics ,metabolic profile ,biomarker ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Cancer cachexia (CAC) is a debilitating condition that often arises from noncachexia cancer (NCAC), with distinct metabolic characteristics and medical treatments. However, the metabolic changes and underlying molecular mechanisms during cachexia progression remain poorly understood. Understanding the progression of CAC is crucial for developing diagnostic approaches to distinguish between CAC and NCAC stages, facilitating appropriate treatment for cancer patients. In this study, we establish a mouse model of colon CAC and categorize the mice into three groups: CAC, NCAC and normal control (NOR). By performing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic profiling on mouse sera, we elucidate the metabolic properties of these groups. Our findings unveil significant differences in the metabolic profiles among the CAC, NCAC and NOR groups, highlighting significant impairments in energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism during cachexia progression. Additionally, we observe the elevated serum levels of lysine and acetate during the transition from the NCAC to CAC stages. Using multivariate ROC analysis, we identify lysine and acetate as potential biomarkers for distinguishing between CAC and NCAC stages. These biomarkers hold promise for the diagnosis of CAC from noncachexia cancer. Our study provides novel insights into the metabolic mechanisms underlying cachexia progression and offers valuable avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of CAC in clinical settings. more...
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- 2023
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13. Acute changes in the metabolome following resistance exercise combined with intake of different protein sources (cricket, pea, whey).
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Lanng, Sofie Kaas, Oxfeldt, Mikkel, Johansen, Frank Ted, Risikesan, Jeyanthini, Hansen, Mette, and Bertram, Hanne Christine
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ISOMETRIC exercise , *RESISTANCE training , *LEAN body mass , *PEA proteins , *NUCLEAR magnetic resonance , *WHEY proteins - Abstract
Introduction: Separately, both exercise and protein ingestion have been shown to alter the blood and urine metabolome. This study goes a step further and examines changes in the metabolome derived from blood, urine and muscle tissue extracts in response to resistance exercise combined with ingestion of three different protein sources. Methods: In an acute parallel study, 52 young males performed one-legged resistance exercise (leg extension, 4 × 10 repetitions at 10 repetition maximum) followed by ingestion of either cricket (insect), pea or whey protein (0.25 g protein/kg fat free mass). Blood and muscle tissue were collected at baseline and three hours after protein ingestion. Urine was collected at baseline and four hours after protein ingestion. Mixed-effects analyses were applied to examine the effect of the time (baseline vs. post), protein (cricket, pea, whey), and time x protein interaction. Results: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics resulted in the annotation and quantification of 25 metabolites in blood, 35 in urine and 21 in muscle tissue. Changes in the muscle metabolome after combined exercise and protein intake indicated effects related to the protein source ingested. Muscle concentrations of leucine, methionine, glutamate and myo-inositol were higher after intake of whey protein compared to both cricket and pea protein. The blood metabolome revealed changes in a more ketogenic direction three hours after exercise reflecting that the trial was conducted after overnight fasting. Urinary concentration of trimethylamine N-oxide was significantly higher after ingestion of cricket than pea and whey protein. Conclusion: The blood, urine and muscle metabolome showed different and supplementary responses to exercise and ingestion of the different protein sources, and in synergy the summarized results provided a more complete picture of the metabolic state of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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14. Searching for Metabolic Markers of Stroke in Human Plasma via NMR Analysis.
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Oliveira, Nádia, Sousa, Adriana, Amaral, Ana Paula, Graça, Gonçalo, and Verde, Ignacio
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STROKE , *DISEASE risk factors , *LONG-term care facilities , *CREATININE , *SMALL molecules - Abstract
More than 12 million people around the world suffer a stroke every year, one every 3 s. Stroke has a variety of causes and is often the result of a complex interaction of risk factors related to age, genetics, gender, lifestyle, and some cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Despite this evidence, it is not possible to prevent the onset of stroke. The use of innovative methods for metabolite analysis has been explored in the last years to detect new stroke biomarkers. We use NMR spectroscopy to identify small molecule variations between different stages of stroke risk. The Framingham Stroke Risk Score was used in people over 63 years of age living in long-term care facilities (LTCF) to calculate the probability of suffering a stroke. Using this parameter, three study groups were formed: low stroke risk (LSR, control), moderate stroke risk (MSR) and high stroke risk (HSR). Univariate statistical analysis showed seven metabolites with increasing plasma levels across different stroke risk groups, from LSR to HSR: isoleucine, asparagine, formate, creatinine, dimethylsulfone and two unidentified molecules, which we termed "unknown-1" and "unknown-3". These metabolic markers can be used for early detection and to detect increasing stages of stroke risk more efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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15. Metabolomic analysis and bioactivities of Arbutus unedo leaves harvested across the seasons in different natural habitats of Sardinia (Italy).
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Sanna, Cinzia, Chiocchio, Ilaria, Mandrone, Manuela, Bonvicini, Francesca, Gentilomi, Giovanna A., Trincia, Simona, and Poli, Ferruccio
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DOLOMITE ,FLAVONOLS ,SPRING ,PROTON magnetic resonance ,AUTUMN ,CATECHIN ,HARVESTING ,SEASONS - Abstract
Background: Arbutus unedo L. is a wild tree of Mediterranean regions used as food and in traditional medicine and important for afforestation programs. There is no detailed information available on the variation of A. unedo leaves metabolome across the seasons. The leaves were analyzed by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
1 H NMR)-based metabolomics, comparing samples harvested across the seasons and in ten different natural habitats of Sardinia (Italy). Results: Multivariate analysis showed the impact of seasonal variation on the metabolome: glucose and quinic acid increased in summer, while in spring sucrose was accumulated. β-Arbutin, the main known active principle of A. unedo, generally reached the highest concentration in autumn. In winter, O-β-methylglucose, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), flavonols (quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside, myricetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnoside), catechin, and gallocatechin increased. Characteristic metabolomic features were found also for samples collected in different locations. For instance, trees growing at the highest altitude and exposed to lower temperatures produced less flavonols and catechins. The only sample collected on trees growing on limestones, dolomites, and dolomitic limestones type of soil showed generally the highest content of arbutin. The highest phenolics content was found during spring, while samples collected on flowering branches in winter were the ones with the highest flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity was also variated, ranging from 1.3 to 10.1 mg of Trolox equivalents (TE)/mL of extract, and it was positively correlated to both total phenolics and flavonoid content. Winter samples showed the lowest antibacterial activity, while summer and autumn ones exhibited the highest activity (IC50 values ranging from 17.3 to 42.3 µg/mL against Staphylococcal species). Conclusion: This work provides1 H-NMR fingerprinting of A. unedo leaves, elucidating the main metabolites and their variations during seasons. On the basis of arbutin content, autumn could be considered the balsamic period of this taxon. Samples collected in this season were also the most active ones as antibacterial. Moreover, an interesting metabolomic profile enriched in catechins and flavonols was observed in leaves collected in winter on flowering branches which were endowed with high antioxidant potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Metabolomic Analysis of Trehalose Alleviating Oxidative Stress in Myoblasts.
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Zhang, Shuya, Qiu, Xu, Zhang, Yue, Huang, Caihua, and Lin, Donghai
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TREHALOSE , *OXIDATIVE stress , *AMINO acid metabolism , *MYOBLASTS , *METABOLOMICS , *REACTIVE oxygen species , *SKELETAL muscle - Abstract
Trehalose, a naturally occurring non-toxic disaccharide, has attracted considerable attention for its potential in alleviating oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. In this study, our aim was to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms underlying the protective effects of trehalose against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in C2C12 myoblasts. Our results show that both trehalose treatment and pretreatment effectively alleviate the H2O2-induced decrease in cell viability, reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and attenuate lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, using NMR-based metabolomics analysis, we observed that trehalose treatment and pretreatment modulate the metabolic profile of myoblasts, specifically regulating oxidant metabolism and amino acid metabolism, contributing to their protective effects against oxidative stress. Importantly, our results reveal that trehalose treatment and pretreatment upregulate the expression levels of P62 and Nrf2 proteins, thereby activating the Nrf2-NQO1 axis and effectively reducing oxidative stress. These significant findings highlight the potential of trehalose supplementation as a promising and effective strategy for alleviating oxidative stress in skeletal muscle and provide valuable insights into its potential therapeutic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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17. Short-chain fatty acids reprogram metabolic profiles with the induction of reactive oxygen species production in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells
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Chongyang Huang, Wenjun Deng, Huan-zhou Xu, Chen Zhou, Fan Zhang, Junfei Chen, Qinjia Bao, Xin Zhou, Maili Liu, Jing Li, and Chaoyang Liu
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Short-chain fatty acids ,Mitochondrial function ,NMR-based Metabolomics ,Transcriptomics ,Reactive oxygen species ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) exhibit anticancer activity in cellular and animal models of colon cancer. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the three major SCFAs produced from dietary fiber by gut microbiota fermentation and have beneficial effects on human health. Most previous studies on the antitumor mechanisms of SCFAs have focused on specific metabolites or genes involved in antitumor pathways, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) biosynthesis. In this study, we performed a systematic and unbiased analysis of the effects of acetate, propionate, and butyrate on ROS levels and metabolic and transcriptomic signatures at physiological concentrations in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. We observed significantly elevated levels of ROS in the treated cells. Furthermore, significantly regulated signatures were involved in overlapping pathways at metabolic and transcriptomic levels, including ROS response and metabolism, fatty acid transport and metabolism, glucose response and metabolism, mitochondrial transport and respiratory chain complex, one-carbon metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, and glutaminolysis, which are directly or indirectly linked to ROS production. Additionally, metabolic and transcriptomic regulation occurred in a SCFAs types-dependent manner, with an increasing degree from acetate to propionate and then to butyrate. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of how SCFAs induce ROS production and modulate metabolic and transcriptomic levels in colon cancer cells, which is vital for understanding the mechanisms of the effects of SCFAs on antitumor activity in colon cancer. more...
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- 2023
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18. A comparative NMR-based metabolomics study of lung parenchyma of severe COVID-19 patients
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Joaquín I. Hurtado, Andrés López-Radcenco, José Luis Izquierdo-García, Fernando Rodríguez, Guillermo Moyna, Gonzalo Greif, and Nicolás Nin
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biomarkers ,COVID-19 ,ICU patients ,lung parenchyma ,NMR-based metabolomics ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
COVID-19 was the most significant infectious-agent-related cause of death in the 2020-2021 period. On average, over 60% of those admitted to ICU facilities with this disease died across the globe. In severe cases, COVID-19 leads to respiratory and systemic compromise, including pneumonia-like symptoms, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. While the upper respiratory tract and lungs are the principal sites of infection and injury, most studies on the metabolic signatures in COVID-19 patients have been carried out on serum and plasma samples. In this report we attempt to characterize the metabolome of lung parenchyma extracts from fatal COVID-19 cases and compare them with that from other respiratory diseases. Our findings indicate that the metabolomic profiles from fatal COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases are markedly different, with the former being the result of increased lactate and amino acid metabolism, altered energy pathways, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Overall, these findings provide additional insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19 that could lead to the development of targeted therapies for the treatment of severe cases of the disease, and further highlight the potential of metabolomic approaches in COVID-19 research. more...
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- 2023
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19. Detection and Quantification of Ammonia as the Ammonium Cation in Human Saliva by 1 H NMR: A Promising Probe for Health Status Monitoring, with Special Reference to Cancer.
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Bhogadia, Mohammed, Edgar, Mark, Hunwin, Kayleigh, Page, Georgina, and Grootveld, Martin
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SALIVA ,CHRONIC kidney failure ,ORAL mucosa ,AMMONIA ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
Ammonia (NH
3 ) has been shown to be a key biomarker for a wide variety of diseases, such as hepatic and chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and cancers. It also has relevance to the oral health research area, and, hence, its determination in appropriate biofluids and tissues is of much importance. However, since it contains exchangeable >N-H protons, its analysis via1 H NMR spectroscopy, which is a widely employed technique in untargeted metabolomic studies, is rendered complicated. In this study, we focused on the1 H NMR analysis of this biomarker in less invasively collected human saliva samples, and we successfully identified and quantified it as ammonium cation (NH4 + ) in post-collection acidulated forms of this biofluid using both the standard calibration curve and standard addition method (SAM) approaches. For this purpose, n = 27 whole mouth saliva (WMS) samples were provided by healthy human participants, and all donors were required to follow a fasting/oral environment abstention period of 8 h prior to collection. Following acidification (pH 2.00), diluted WMS supernatant samples treated with 10% (v/v) D2 O underwent1 H NMR analysis (600 MHz). The acquired results demonstrated that NH4 + can be reliably determined in these supernatants via integration of the central line of its characteristic 1:1:1 intensity triplet resonance (complete spectral range δ = 6.97–7.21 ppm). Experiments performed also demonstrated that any urease-catalysed NH3 generation occurring post-sampling in WMS samples did not affect the results acquired during the usual timespan of laboratory processing required prior to analysis. Further experiments demonstrated that oral mouth-rinsing episodes conducted prior to sample collection, as reported in previous studies, gave rise to major decreases in salivary NH4 + levels thereafter, which renormalised to only 50–60% of their basal control concentrations at the 180-min post-rinsing time point. Therefore, the WMS sample collection method employed significantly affected the absolute levels of this analyte. The LLOD was 60 μmol/L with 128 scans. The mean ± SD salivary NH4 + concentration of WMS supernatants was 11.4 ± 4.5 mmol/L. The potential extension of these analytical strategies to the screening of other metabolites with exchangeable1 H nuclei is discussed, as is their relevance to the monitoring of human disorders involving the excessive generation and/or uptake of cellular/tissue material, or altered homeostasis, in NH3 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
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20. Metabolic Biomarkers of Red Beetroot Juice Intake at Rest and after Physical Exercise.
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Giampaoli, Ottavia, Ieno, Cristian, Sciubba, Fabio, Spagnoli, Mariangela, Miccheli, Alfredo, Tomassini, Alberta, Aureli, Walter, and Fattorini, Luigi
- Abstract
Background: Red beetroot is known to be a health-promoting food. However, little attention is placed on intestinal bioactive compound absorption. The aim of the study was to assess the urinary red beetroot juice (RBJ) intake biomarkers and possible differences in RBJ's micronutrient absorption at rest or after physical exercise. Methods: This is a three-armed, single-blind study, involving seven healthy volunteers which were randomly divided into three groups and alternatively assigned to three experimental sessions: RBJ intake at rest, RBJ intake with physical activity, and placebo intake with physical activity. For each session, urine samples were collected before and 120, 180, and 240 min after the intake of RBJ or placebo. The same sampling times were employed for the experimental session at rest. The RBJ metabolic composition was also characterized to identify the urinary biomarkers derived from the intake. Results: 4-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid, dopamine-3-O-sulfate, glutamine, and 3-hydroxyisobutyrate were identified as RBJ intake biomarkers. Physical activity significantly increased only the dopamine-3-O-sulfate excretion 120 min after RBJ intake. Conclusions: Urinary dopamine-3-O-sulfate is related to RBJ dopamine content, while 4-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid is a betanin or betalamic acid catabolite. The different excretions of these metabolites following physical activity suggest a possible effect on the RBJ uptake depending on different transport processes through the mucosa, namely diffusion-mediated transport for dopamine and saturable transcellular transport for betalamic acid derivatives. These results open new perspectives in improving the absorption of natural bioactive molecules through physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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21. Beyond cannabinoids: Application of NMR-based metabolomics for the assessment of Cannabis sativa L. crop health.
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Fernández, Santiago, Castro, Rossina, López-Radcenco, Andrés, Rodriguez, Paula, Carrera, Inés, García-Carnelli, Carlos, and Moyna, Guillermo
- Subjects
CANNABINOIDS ,CANNABIS (Genus) ,METABOLOMICS ,PLANT health ,POWDERY mildew diseases ,PLANT metabolites ,MYCOSES - Abstract
While Cannabis sativa L. varieties have been traditionally characterized by their major cannabinoid profile, it is now well established that other plant metabolites can also have physiological effects, including minor cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Given the multiple applications of cannabis in the medical field, it is therefore critical to characterize it according to its chemical composition (i.e., its metabolome) and not only its botanical traits. With this in mind, the cannabinoid and metabolomic profiles from inflorescences of two C. sativa varieties with either high Δ
9 -tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) or high cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) contents harvested at different times were studied. According to results from HPLC and NMR-based untargeted metabolomic analyses of organic and aqueous plant material extracts, we show that in addition to expected variations according to cannabinoid profiles, it is possible to distinguish between harvests of the same variety. In particular, it was possible to correlate variations in the metabolome with presence of powdery mildew, leading to the identification of molecular markers associated with this fungal infection in C. sativa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
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22. A Pilot Study on Biochemical Profile of Follicular Fluid in Breast Cancer Patients.
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Castiglione Morelli, Maria A., Iuliano, Assunta, Matera, Ilenia, Viggiani, Licia, Schettini, Sergio C. A., Colucci, Paola, and Ostuni, Angela
- Subjects
BREAST cancer ,CANCER patients ,FERTILIZATION in vitro ,FERTILITY preservation ,SOMATIC cells ,BREAST ,OVARIAN follicle - Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women in almost all countries worldwide and is one of the oncological pathologies for which is indicated fertility preservation, a type of procedure used to help keep a person's ability to have children. Follicular fluid (FF) is a major component of oocyte microenvironment, which is involved in oocyte growth, follicular maturation, and in communication between germ and somatic cells; furthermore, it accumulates all metabolites during oocytes growth. To obtain information about changes on fertility due to cancer, we aimed at investigating potential biomarkers to discriminate between FF samples obtained from 16 BC patients and 10 healthy women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatments. An NMR-based metabolomics approach was performed to investigate the FF metabolic profiles; ELISA and western blotting assays were used to investigate protein markers of oxidative and inflammatory stress, which are processes closely related to cancer. Our results seem to suggest that FFs of BC women display some significant metabolic alterations in comparison to healthy controls, and these variations are also related with tumor staging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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23. Metabolomics profiling of Type D personality traits.
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Li-Gao, Ruifang, Bot, Mariska, Kurilshikov, Alexander, Willemsen, Gonneke, van Greevenbroek, Marleen M.J., Schram, Miranda M.T., Stehouwer, Coen D.A., Fu, Jingyuan, Zhernakova, Alexandra, Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., De Geus, Eco J.C., Boomsma, Dorret I., and Kupper, Nina more...
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OMEGA-3 fatty acids , *PROTON magnetic resonance , *FATTY acids , *NUCLEAR magnetic resonance , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Type D (Distressed) personality combines negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) and is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we examined the association of Type D traits with 230 (predominantly) lipid metabolites and metabolite ratios. Four Dutch cohorts were included, comprising 10,834 individuals. Type D personality traits were measured by self-report questionnaires. A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics platform provided 149 absolute measures (98 belonging to lipoprotein subclasses) and 81 derived ratios. For all, linear regression analyses were performed within each cohort, followed by random-effects meta-analyses. A per-measure FDR q-value<0.05 was set as a study-wise significant association. SI was significantly associated with a lower omega-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids (FAw3.FA%) ratio, and a lower free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in very small VLDL (XS.VLDL.FC%). FAw3.FA% was also associated to NA (no study-wise significance though). NA showed a suggestive replication (p -value<.05) of the previous reported associations with depression for 5 out of 18 metabolites from the same metabolomics platform: triglycerides in HDL, serum total triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, mean diameter for VLDL particles and VLDL triglycerides. In this large meta-analysis, SI was associated with omega-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids ratio, which is suggestive of lower omega-3 fatty acid intake. Only some metabolite biomarkers showed tentative links to Type D and NA. In sum, it seems that there are no major alterations in lipid metabolism associated with Type D traits. • Type D personality comprises negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI). • Type D personality is an established risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. • The link between dyslipidemia and Type D personality lacks consistent evidence. • SI is linked to the omega-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids ratio. • Only few metabolites tentatively link to Type D in this large meta-analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2025
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24. Membrane alteration, anti-virulence properties and metabolomic perturbation of a chionodracine-derived antimicrobial peptide, KHS-Cnd, on two bacteria models.
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Imperlini, Esther, Massaro, Federica, Grifoni, Angelica, Maiurano, Francesco, Taddei, Anna Rita, Borocci, Stefano, Buonocore, Francesco, and Porcelli, Fernando
- Subjects
- *
ESCHERICHIA coli , *ANTIMICROBIAL peptides , *BACTERIAL cell membranes , *PEPTIDES , *EXTREME environments - Abstract
Antarctic fishes, living in an extreme environment and normally exposed to pathogens, are a promising source of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These are emerging as next-generation drugs due to their activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. To infect hosts, beyond intrinsic/acquired resistance, MDR species also use virulence factors such as protease secretion. Hence, AMPs targeting virulence factors could represent a novel strategy to counteract the antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this paper, we focused on a mutant peptide, named KHS-Cnd, that was obtained from the scaffold of the chionodracine (Cnd), a natural peptide identified in the icefish Chionodraco hamatus. We studied different effects caused by the peptide interaction with the cell membrane of two model bacteria, E. coli and B. cereus. First, we investigated its membranolytic activity revealing that the peptide action is more evident on E. coli , with a 69 % uptake of the used dye at 3 μM, whereas for B. cereus we found only a 65 % uptake at 6 μM. Successively, we determined the impact of this lysis on total protein concentration in the medium and an increase was estimated for both bacteria (84 % after 1 h for E. coli and 90 % for B. cereus , respectively). Moreover, we evaluated the changes in the proteolytic activity of the supernatant, that is an important aspect of bacterial resistance, showing that there was a significant reduction for both bacteria, although at higher level in the case of E. coli. The membranolytic activity was evidenced also morphologically with TEM analysis and a different alteration was evidenced for the two bacteria. Moreover, NMR metabolomics analysis showed that peptide induces changes in E. coli and B. cereus extracellular metabolites especially at the higher tested concentrations: this metabolic variation could be used as a fingerprinting of the peptide action on bacteria physiology due to its interaction with cell wall. Finally, we determined the KHS-Cnd cytotoxicity on human primary cell lines to verify its selectivity toward bacterial cell membranes and we found low toxicity until a concentration of 5 μM. Considering that the peptide exerts both membranolytic and anti-virulence activity on E. coli at 1.5 μM, we confirmed the interesting potential of this AMP as a new drug to counteract AMR. • KHS-Cnd showed membranolytic activity as evidenced by both ANS assay and TEM analysis. • Both E. coli and B. cereus protease production were affected by the peptide. • Metabolomic analysis highlights physiological changes in E. coli and B. cereus after peptide exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
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25. NMR Untargeted and HPLC-MS/MS Targeted Metabolomic Approaches for Evaluating Styrene Exposure in the Urine of Shipyard Workers
- Author
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Ottavia Giampaoli, Fabio Sciubba, Giovanna Tranfo, Renata Sisto, Daniela Pigini, Michele De Rosa, Adriano Patriarca, Alfredo Miccheli, Anna Rita Fetoni, Laura Tricarico, and Mariangela Spagnoli
- Subjects
styrene exposure ,NMR-based metabolomics ,oxidative stress biomarkers ,urinary metabolic profiles ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Due to its chemical properties, styrene is largely employed in the manufacturing of several products including rubber, polymers and resins, and it is particularly suitable for shipbuilding industry purposes. In this context, the main exposure to styrene occurs in occupational settings. Despite its widespread use, its long-term effects on human health at the occupational level are still unclear. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in styrene exposure biomarkers related to the metabolic and oxidative stress profiles in the urine of seventeen shipyard workers and seventeen non-exposed subjects. Urinary metabolites were assessed by means of NMR spectroscopy, including mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids; four oxidative stress biomarkers, namely 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine, were evaluated via HPLC-MS/MS. The metabolic profiles of exposed workers showed both long- and short-term metabolic responses to styrene exposure compared to non-exposed subjects. From the comparison between non-exposed and before-shift workers, only 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine levels were significantly different (long term exposure response). At the same time, comparing the non-exposed group with after-shift workers, we observed lower levels of pseudouridine and 1-methylnicotinamide and higher glutamine levels in after-shift workers. The comparison between before-shift and after-shift workers showed that 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine significantly increased after the shift, suggesting its involvement in the exposure to styrene (short-term exposure response). The obtained results, although preliminary, allow us to lay the basis for further human studies aimed at establishing a global understanding of styrene metabolism. more...
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- 2024
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26. Beyond cannabinoids: Application of NMR-based metabolomics for the assessment of Cannabis sativa L. crop health
- Author
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Santiago Fernández, Rossina Castro, Andrés López-Radcenco, Paula Rodriguez, Inés Carrera, Carlos García-Carnelli, and Guillermo Moyna
- Subjects
cannabinoids ,Cannabis sativa ,NMR-based metabolomics ,powdery mildew ,chemovar ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
While Cannabis sativa L. varieties have been traditionally characterized by their major cannabinoid profile, it is now well established that other plant metabolites can also have physiological effects, including minor cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Given the multiple applications of cannabis in the medical field, it is therefore critical to characterize it according to its chemical composition (i.e., its metabolome) and not only its botanical traits. With this in mind, the cannabinoid and metabolomic profiles from inflorescences of two C. sativa varieties with either high Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) or high cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) contents harvested at different times were studied. According to results from HPLC and NMR-based untargeted metabolomic analyses of organic and aqueous plant material extracts, we show that in addition to expected variations according to cannabinoid profiles, it is possible to distinguish between harvests of the same variety. In particular, it was possible to correlate variations in the metabolome with presence of powdery mildew, leading to the identification of molecular markers associated with this fungal infection in C. sativa. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Differential Cell Metabolic Pathways in Gills and Liver of Fish (White Seabream Diplodus sargus) Coping with Dietary Methylmercury Exposure.
- Author
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De Marco, Giuseppe, Billè, Barbara, Brandão, Fátima, Galati, Mariachiara, Pereira, Patrícia, Cappello, Tiziana, and Pacheco, Mário
- Subjects
GILLS ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance ,METHYLMERCURY ,PROTEIN metabolism ,BIOLOGICAL membranes ,ENERGY metabolism - Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a dangerous and persistent trace element. Its organic and highly toxic form, methylmercury (MeHg), easily crosses biological membranes and accumulates in biota. Nevertheless, understanding the mechanisms of dietary MeHg toxicity in fish remains a challenge. A time-course experiment was conducted with juvenile white seabreams, Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), exposed to realistic levels of MeHg in feed (8.7 μg g
−1 , dry weight), comprising exposure (E; 7 and 14 days) and post-exposure (PE; 28 days) periods. Total Hg levels increased with time in gills and liver during E and decreased significantly in PE (though levels of control fish were reached only for gills), with liver exhibiting higher levels (2.7 times) than gills. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics revealed multiple and often differential metabolic changes between fish organs. Gills exhibited protein catabolism, disturbances in cholinergic neurotransmission, and changes in osmoregulation and lipid and energy metabolism. However, dietary MeHg exposure provoked altered protein metabolism in the liver with decreased amino acids, likely for activation of defensive strategies. PE allowed for the partial recovery of both organs, even if with occurrence of oxidative stress and changes of energy metabolism. Overall, these findings support organ-specific responses according to their sensitivity to Hg exposure, pointing out that indications obtained in biomonitoring studies may depend also on the selected organ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
28. Updates and Original Case Studies Focused on the NMR-Linked Metabolomics Analysis of Human Oral Fluids Part III: Implementations for the Diagnosis of Non-Cancerous Disorders, Both Oral and Systemic.
- Author
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Grootveld, Martin, Page, Georgina, Bhogadia, Mohammed, Hunwin, Kayleigh, and Edgar, Mark
- Subjects
SALIVA ,SJOGREN'S syndrome ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,ORAL diseases ,SALIVA analysis ,NEUROLOGICAL disorders - Abstract
This communication represents Part III of our series of reports based on the applications of human saliva as a useful and conveniently collectable medium for the discovery, identification and monitoring of biomarkers, which are of some merit for the diagnosis of human diseases. Such biomarkers, or others reflecting the dysfunction of specific disease-associated metabolic pathways, may also be employed for the prognostic pathological tracking of these diseases. Part I of this series set the experimental and logistical groundwork for this report, and the preceding paper, Part II, featured the applications of newly developed metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and severity grading of human cancer conditions, both oral and systemic. Clearly, there are many benefits, both scientific and economic, associated with the donation of human saliva samples (usually as whole mouth saliva) from humans consenting to and participating in investigations focused on the discovery of biomolecular markers of diseases. These include usually non-invasive collection protocols, relatively low cost when compared against blood sample collection, and no requirement for clinical supervision during collection episodes. This paper is centred on the employment and value of 'state-of-the-art' metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and prognosis of a wide range of non-cancerous human diseases. Firstly, these include common oral diseases such as periodontal diseases (from type 1 (gingivitis) to type 4 (advanced periodontitis)), and dental caries. Secondly, a wide range of extra-oral (systemic) conditions are covered, most notably diabetes types 1 and 2, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, and Sjögren's syndrome, along with a series of viral infections, e.g., pharyngitis, influenza, HIV and COVID-19. Since the authors' major research interests lie in the area of the principles and applications of NMR-linked metabolomics techniques, many, but not all, of the studies reviewed were conducted using these technologies, with special attention being given to recommended protocols for their operation and management, for example, satisfactory experimental model designs; sample collection and laboratory processing techniques; the selection of sample-specific NMR pulse sequences for saliva analysis; and strategies available for the confirmation of resonance assignments for both endogenous and exogenous molecules in this biofluid. This article also features an original case study, which is focussed on the use of NMR-based salivary metabolomics techniques to provide some key biomarkers for the diagnosis of pharyngitis, and an example of how to 'police' such studies and to recognise participants who perceive that they actually have this disorder but do not from their metabolic profiles and multivariate analysis pattern-based clusterings. The biochemical and clinical significance of these multidimensional metabolomics investigations are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
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29. Fisetin Alleviates d-Galactose-Induced Senescence in C2C12 Myoblasts: Metabolic and Gene Regulatory Mechanisms.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Wu W, Huang C, and Lin D
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Cell Line, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Flavonoids pharmacology, Muscle, Skeletal drug effects, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics, Metabolic Networks and Pathways drug effects, Metabolomics methods, Flavonols pharmacology, Galactose pharmacology, Cellular Senescence drug effects, Myoblasts drug effects, Myoblasts metabolism
- Abstract
Skeletal muscle aging poses a major threat to the health and quality of life of elderly individuals. Fisetin, a natural polyphenolic compound, exhibits various biological activities; however, its role in preventing skeletal muscle cell aging is still unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of fisetin on skeletal muscle aging using a d-galactose-induced C2C12 myoblast senescence model. Fisetin treatment effectively ameliorated d-galactose-induced aging damage and restored cellular functionality by improving cell viability, reducing the accumulation of the senescence marker enzyme SA-β-gal, and decreasing the expression of key aging marker proteins, p16 and p53. NMR-based metabolomics and RNA-seq transcriptomics analyses revealed that fisetin regulates several critical metabolic pathways, including glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, as well as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. This regulation led to the restoration of amino acid metabolism, stabilization of cellular energy homeostasis, and the preservation of membrane integrity. In addition, fisetin inhibited calcium signaling and JAK-STAT pathways, reduced cellular stress responses and reversed senescence-induced cell cycle arrest. Together, these findings highlight the potential of fisetin as a therapeutic agent to combat skeletal muscle aging and restore cellular homeostasis, offering a promising avenue for the development of antiaging treatments for skeletal muscle degeneration. more...
- Published
- 2025
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30. NMR-based metabolomics combined with metabolic pathway analysis reveals metabolic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer tissue at different anatomical locations and stages.
- Author
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Cai R, Ke L, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Zhang H, Zheng P, Xin L, Ma C, and Lin Y
- Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. This study aimed to profile the metabolic differences of colorectal cancer tissues (CCT) at different stages and sites, as compared with their distant noncancerous tissues (DNT), to investigate the temporal and spatial heterogeneities of metabolic characterization. Our NMR-based metabolomics fingerprinting revealed that many of the metabolite levels were significantly altered in CCT compared to DNT and esophageal cancer tissues, indicating deregulations of glucose metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, glutamine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, TCA cycle, choline metabolism, and so forth. A total of five biomarker metabolites, including glucose, glutamate, alanine, valine and histidine, were identified to distinguish between early and advanced stages of CCT. Metabolites that distinguish the different anatomical sites of CCT include glucose, glycerol, glutamine, inositol, succinate, and citrate. Those significant metabolic differences in CRC tissues at different pathological stages and sites suggested temporal and spatial heterogeneities of metabolic characterization in CCT, providing a metabolic foundation for further study on biofluid metabolism in CRC early detection., (© 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.) more...
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- 2024
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31. Filling gaps in animal welfare assessment through metabolomics
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Maria Pia Fabrile, Sergio Ghidini, Mauro Conter, Maria Olga Varrà, Adriana Ianieri, and Emanuela Zanardi
- Subjects
Five Domains model ,biomarkers ,metabolomics workflow ,NMR-based metabolomics ,HRMS-based metabolomics ,animal-based measures ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Sustainability has become a central issue in Italian livestock systems driving food business operators to adopt high standards of production concerning animal husbandry conditions. Meat sector is largely involved in this ecological transition with the introduction of new label claims concerning the defense of animal welfare (AW). These new guarantees referred to AW provision require new tools for the purpose of authenticity and traceability to assure meat supply chain integrity. Over the years, European Union (EU) Regulations, national, and international initiatives proposed provisions and guidelines for assuring AW introducing requirements to be complied with and providing tools based on scoring systems for a proper animal status assessment. However, the comprehensive and objective assessment of the AW status remains challenging. In this regard, phenotypic insights at molecular level may be investigated by metabolomics, one of the most recent high-throughput omics techniques. Recent advances in analytical and bioinformatic technologies have led to the identification of relevant biomarkers involved in complex clinical phenotypes of diverse biological systems suggesting that metabolomics is a key tool for biomarker discovery. In the present review, the Five Domains model has been employed as a vademecum describing AW. Starting from the individual Domains—nutrition (I), environment (II), health (III), behavior (IV), and mental state (V)—applications and advances of metabolomics related to AW setting aimed at investigating phenotypic outcomes on molecular scale and elucidating the biological routes most perturbed from external solicitations, are reviewed. Strengths and weaknesses of the current state-of-art are highlighted, and new frontiers to be explored for AW assessment throughout the metabolomics approach are argued. Moreover, a detailed description of metabolomics workflow is provided to understand dos and don'ts at experimental level to pursue effective results. Combining the demand for new assessment tools and meat market trends, a new cross-strategy is proposed as the promising combo for the future of AW assessment. more...
- Published
- 2023
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32. Systematic Study of the Sensory Quality, Metabolomics, and Microbial Community of Fresh-Cut Watermelon Provides New Clues for Its Quality Control and Preservation.
- Author
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Hu, Yili, Cai, Yi, Wang, Haibin, Xiong, Yin, Zhang, Xinyu, Wei, Liying, and Qiao, Zhixian
- Subjects
MICROBIAL communities ,QUALITY control ,WATERMELONS ,ALCOHOL dehydrogenase ,METABOLOMICS ,URIDINE - Abstract
As a popular form of fruit consumption, fresh-cut watermelon is of great convenience for its consumers. Owing to the lack of comprehensive knowledge about the quality changes of fresh-cut watermelon during its shelf life, guidelines and standards are unavailable currently. To clarify the deterioration process and its underlying mechanism in fresh-cut watermelon, the sensory parameters, metabolomics, and microbial community of fresh-cut watermelon during a three-day storage at both room temperature (RT) and refrigerator temperature were systematically studied in this work. Results revealed that the whole property of the watermelon stored at refrigerator temperature kept stable, while pulps stored at RT had substantially deteriorated after 36 h. The decay was reflected in the significant decrease in soluble solid contents, firmness, pH, and color parameters in the sensory perspective. At the metabolic level, significantly declined malate, citrate, uridine, uridine 5-monophosphate, and amino acids, and increased ethanol and lactate contents, were observed as deterioration markers, which partially resulted from the activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase and the burst of genera Enterobacteriaceae and Leuconostocaceae. This study unveiled the underlying mechanisms of quality changes in fresh-cut watermelon under its primary storage conditions to provide fundamental information and potential clues for its quality control and preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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33. NMR-Based Metabolomic Analysis for the Effects of Trimethylamine N-Oxide Treatment on C2C12 Myoblasts under Oxidative Stress.
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Zou, Hong, Huang, Caihua, Zhou, Lin, Lu, Ruohan, Zhang, Yimin, and Lin, Donghai
- Subjects
- *
CHOLINE , *TRIMETHYLAMINE , *MYOBLASTS , *OXIDATIVE stress , *MICROBIAL metabolites , *METABOLOMICS , *AMINO acids , *TYPE 2 diabetes - Abstract
The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has received increased attention due to its close relationship with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. In previous studies, TMAO has shown both harmful and beneficial effects on various tissues, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified. Here, we explored the effects of TMAO treatment on H2O2-impaired C2C12 myoblasts, analyzed metabolic changes and identified significantly altered metabolic pathways through nuclear magnetic resonance-based (NMR-based) metabolomic profiling. The results exhibit that TMAO treatment partly alleviated the H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage of cells and protected C2C12 myoblasts by improving cell viability, increasing cellular total superoxide dismutase capacity, improving the protein expression of catalase, and reducing the level of malondialdehyde. We further showed that H2O2 treatment decreased levels of branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine, leucine and valine) and several amino acids including alanine, glycine, threonine, phenylalanine and histidine, and increased the level of phosphocholine related to cell membrane structure, while the TMAO treatment partially reversed the changing trends of these metabolite levels by improving the integrity of the cell membranes. This study indicates that the TMAO treatment may be a promising strategy to alleviate oxidative stress damage in skeletal muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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34. Updates and Original Case Studies Focused on the NMR-Linked Metabolomics Analysis of Human Oral Fluids Part II: Applications to the Diagnosis and Prognostic Monitoring of Oral and Systemic Cancers.
- Author
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Grootveld, Martin, Percival, Benita C., Page, Georgina, Hunwin, Kayleigh, Bhogadia, Mohammed, Chan, Wyman, and Edgar, Mark
- Subjects
ORAL cancer ,ASCITIC fluids ,SALIVA ,METABOLOMICS ,DIAGNOSIS ,TUMOR markers ,CLINICAL supervision - Abstract
Human saliva offers many advantages over other biofluids regarding its use and value as a bioanalytical medium for the identification and prognostic monitoring of human diseases, mainly because its collection is largely non-invasive, is relatively cheap, and does not require any major clinical supervision, nor supervisory input. Indeed, participants donating this biofluid for such purposes, including the identification, validation and quantification of surrogate biomarkers, may easily self-collect such samples in their homes following the provision of full collection details to them by researchers. In this report, the authors have focused on the applications of metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and progressive severity monitoring of human cancer conditions, firstly oral cancers (e.g., oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma), and secondly extra-oral (systemic) cancers such as lung, breast and prostate cancers. For each publication reviewed, the authors provide a detailed evaluation and critical appraisal of the experimental design, sample size, ease of sample collection (usually but not exclusively as whole mouth saliva (WMS)), their transport, length of storage and preparation for analysis. Moreover, recommended protocols for the optimisation of NMR pulse sequences for analysis, along with the application of methods and techniques for verifying and resonance assignments and validating the quantification of biomolecules responsible, are critically considered. In view of the authors' specialisms and research interests, the majority of these investigations were conducted using NMR-based metabolomics techniques. The extension of these studies to determinations of metabolic pathways which have been pathologically disturbed in these diseases is also assessed here and reviewed. Where available, data for the monitoring of patients' responses to chemotherapeutic treatments, and in one case, radiotherapy, are also evaluated herein. Additionally, a novel case study featured evaluates the molecular nature, levels and diagnostic potential of
1 H NMR-detectable salivary 'acute-phase' glycoprotein carbohydrate side chains, and/or their monomeric saccharide derivatives, as biomarkers for cancer and inflammatory conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
35. Monitoring the Transition Period in Dairy Cows through 1H NMR-Based Untargeted Metabolomics
- Author
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Andrés López Radcenco, María de Lourdes Adrien, Gretel Ruprechter, Elena de Torres, Ana Meikle, and Guillermo Moyna
- Subjects
dairy cattle ,metabolic stress ,NMR-based metabolomics ,serum metabolomics ,transition period ,Dairy processing. Dairy products ,SF250.5-275 - Abstract
The metabolic alterations associated with the increase in milk production make the transition period critical to the health of dairy cows, usually leading to a higher incidence of disease in periparturient animals. In this manuscript, we describe the use of NMR-based untargeted metabolomics to follow how these changes impact the serum metabolome in a group of 28 transition dairy cows with no initial clinical diseases. Principal component analysis (PCA) of serum 1H NMR data from four weeks before calving to 8 weeks after parturition allowed us to clearly identify four stages during the transition period. Pairwise comparisons using orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and univariate data analysis led to the identification of 18 metabolites that varied significantly through these stages. Species such as acetate, betaine, and creatine are observed early after calving, while other markers of metabolic stress, including acetone, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and choline, accumulate significantly at the height of milk production. Furthermore, marked variations in the levels of lactate, allantoin, alanine, and other amino acids reveal the activation of different gluconeogenic pathways following parturition. Concomitant with a return to homeostasis, a gradual normalization of the serum metabolome occurs 8 weeks after calving. Correlations of metabolite levels with dietary and metabolic adaptations based on animal parity could also be identified. Overall, these results show that NMR-based chemometric methods are ideally suited to monitor manifestations of metabolic diseases throughout the transition period and to assess the impact of nutritional management schemes on the metabolism of dairy cows. more...
- Published
- 2021
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36. Detection and Quantification of Ammonia as the Ammonium Cation in Human Saliva by 1H NMR: A Promising Probe for Health Status Monitoring, with Special Reference to Cancer
- Author
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Mohammed Bhogadia, Mark Edgar, Kayleigh Hunwin, Georgina Page, and Martin Grootveld
- Subjects
ammonia/ammonium ion ,human saliva ,1H NMR analysis ,NMR-based metabolomics ,metabolites ,exchangeable 1H nuclei ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) has been shown to be a key biomarker for a wide variety of diseases, such as hepatic and chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and cancers. It also has relevance to the oral health research area, and, hence, its determination in appropriate biofluids and tissues is of much importance. However, since it contains exchangeable >N-H protons, its analysis via 1H NMR spectroscopy, which is a widely employed technique in untargeted metabolomic studies, is rendered complicated. In this study, we focused on the 1H NMR analysis of this biomarker in less invasively collected human saliva samples, and we successfully identified and quantified it as ammonium cation (NH4+) in post-collection acidulated forms of this biofluid using both the standard calibration curve and standard addition method (SAM) approaches. For this purpose, n = 27 whole mouth saliva (WMS) samples were provided by healthy human participants, and all donors were required to follow a fasting/oral environment abstention period of 8 h prior to collection. Following acidification (pH 2.00), diluted WMS supernatant samples treated with 10% (v/v) D2O underwent 1H NMR analysis (600 MHz). The acquired results demonstrated that NH4+ can be reliably determined in these supernatants via integration of the central line of its characteristic 1:1:1 intensity triplet resonance (complete spectral range δ = 6.97–7.21 ppm). Experiments performed also demonstrated that any urease-catalysed NH3 generation occurring post-sampling in WMS samples did not affect the results acquired during the usual timespan of laboratory processing required prior to analysis. Further experiments demonstrated that oral mouth-rinsing episodes conducted prior to sample collection, as reported in previous studies, gave rise to major decreases in salivary NH4+ levels thereafter, which renormalised to only 50–60% of their basal control concentrations at the 180-min post-rinsing time point. Therefore, the WMS sample collection method employed significantly affected the absolute levels of this analyte. The LLOD was 60 μmol/L with 128 scans. The mean ± SD salivary NH4+ concentration of WMS supernatants was 11.4 ± 4.5 mmol/L. The potential extension of these analytical strategies to the screening of other metabolites with exchangeable 1H nuclei is discussed, as is their relevance to the monitoring of human disorders involving the excessive generation and/or uptake of cellular/tissue material, or altered homeostasis, in NH3. more...
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- 2023
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37. Microplastics and low tide warming: Metabolic disorders in intertidal Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas).
- Author
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Paul, Nina, Tillmann, Anette, Lannig, Gisela, Pogoda, Bernadette, Lucassen, Magnus, Mackay-Roberts, Nicholas, Gerdts, Gunnar, and Bock, Christian
- Subjects
PACIFIC oysters ,OYSTER populations ,INTERTIDAL organisms ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance ,SESSILE organisms - Abstract
Sessile intertidal organisms live in a harsh environment with challenging environmental conditions and increasing anthropogenic pressure such as microplastic (MP) pollution. This study focused on effects of environmentally relevant MP concentrations on the metabolism of intertidal Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas , and its potential MP-induced vulnerability to warming during midday low tide. Oysters experienced a simulated semidiurnal tidal cycle based on their natural habitat, and were exposed to a mixture of polystyrene microbeads (4, 7.5 and 10 µm) at two environmentally relevant concentrations (0.025 µg L
−1 and 25 µg L−1 ) for 16 days, with tissue samplings after 3 and 12 days to address dose-dependent effects over time. On the last day of exposure, the remaining oysters were additionally exposed to low tide warming (3 °C h−1 ) to investigate possible MP-induced susceptibility to aerial warming. Metabolites of digestive gland and gill tissues were analysed by using untargeted1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based metabolomics. For the digestive gland metabolite profiles were comparable to each other independent of MP concentration, exposure time, or warming. In contrast, gill metabolites were significantly affected by high MP exposure and warming irrespective of MP, initiating the same cellular stress response to counteract induced oxidative stress. The activated cascade of antioxidant defence mechanisms required energy on top of the general energy turnover to keep up homeostasis, which in turn may lead to subtle, and likely sub-lethal, effects within intertidal oyster populations. Present results underline the importance of examining the effects of environmentally relevant MP concentrations not only alone but in combination with other environmental stressors. • Assessment of relevant microplastic (MP) concentration effects on intertidal oyster. • Investigation of MP-induced vulnerability of intertidal oysters to low tide warming. • Digestive gland metabolites were unaffected from both MP exposure and warming. • Only high MP exposure induced a cellular stress response at ambient temperature. • All treatments expressed a cellular stress response to warming during emersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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38. On the Compatibility of Fish Meal Replacements in Aquafeeds for Rainbow Trout. A Combined Metabolomic, Proteomic and Histological Study.
- Author
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Palomba, Antonio, Melis, Riccardo, Biosa, Grazia, Braca, Angela, Pisanu, Salvatore, Ghisaura, Stefania, Caimi, Christian, Biasato, Ilaria, Oddon, Sara Bellezza, Gasco, Laura, Terova, Genciana, Moroni, Federico, Antonini, Micaela, Pagnozzi, Daniela, and Anedda, Roberto more...
- Subjects
FISH meal ,RAINBOW trout ,METABOLOMICS ,HERMETIA illucens ,FISHERIES - Abstract
The sustainable development of modern aquaculture must rely on a significant reduction of the fish meal (FM) used in aquafeed formulations. However, FM substitution with alternative ingredients in diets for carnivorous fish species often showed reduced nutrient absorption, significantly perturbed metabolisms, and histological changes at both hepatic and intestinal levels. In the present study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed three different experimental aquafeeds. A control diet with higher FM content (27.3%) than two test formulations in which FM was substituted with two more sustainable and promising alternatives: insect meal (Hermetia illucens larvae = 10.1%, FM = 11.6%) and poultry by-products meal (PBM = 14.8%; FM = 11.7%). Combined metabolomics and proteomics analyses of fish liver, together with histological examination of liver and intestine demonstrated that a well-balanced formulation of nutrients in the three diets allowed high metabolic compatibility of either substitution, paving the way for a deeper understanding of the impact of novel raw materials for the fish feed industry. Results show that the main metabolic pathways of nutrient absorption and catabolism were essentially unaltered by alternative feed ingredients, and also histological alterations were negligible. It is demonstrated that the substitution of FM with sustainable alternatives does not have a negative impact on fish metabolism, as long as the nutritional requirements of rainbow trout are fulfilled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Systematic Investigations on the Metabolic and Transcriptomic Regulation of Lactate in the Human Colon Epithelial Cells.
- Author
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Huang, Chongyang, Xu, Huanzhou, Zhou, Xin, Liu, Maili, Li, Jing, and Liu, Chaoyang
- Subjects
- *
METABOLIC regulation , *EPITHELIAL cells , *LACTATES , *LACTATION , *COLON (Anatomy) - Abstract
Lactate, primarily produced by the gut microbiota, performs as a necessary "information transmission carrier" between the gut and the microbiota. To investigate the role of lactate in the gut epithelium cell–microbiota interactions as a metabolic signal, we performed a combinatory, global, and unbiased analysis of metabolomic and transcriptional profiling in human colon epithelial cells (Caco-2), using a lactate treatment at the physiological concentration (8 mM). The data demonstrated that most of the genes in oxidative phosphorylation were significantly downregulated in the Caco-2 cells due to lactate treatment. Consistently, the levels of fumarate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and creatine significantly decreased, and these are the metabolic markers of OXPHOS inhibition by mitochondria dysfunction. The one-carbon metabolism was affected and the polyol pathway was activated at the levels of gene expression and metabolic alternation. In addition, lactate significantly upregulated the expressions of genes related to self-protection against apoptosis. In conclusion, lactate participates in gut–gut microbiota communications by remodeling the metabolomic and transcriptional signatures, especially for the regulation of mitochondrial function. This work contributes comprehensive information to disclose the molecular mechanisms of lactate-mediated functions in human colon epithelial cells that can help us understand how the microbiota communicates with the intestines through the signaling molecule, lactate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Temperature but not ocean acidification affects energy metabolism and enzyme activities in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis
- Author
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Omera B. Matoo, Gisela Lannig, Christian Bock, and Inna M. Sokolova
- Subjects
energy metabolism ,global warming ,Mytilus ,NMR‐based metabolomics ,ocean acidification ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Abstract In mosaic marine habitats, such as intertidal zones, ocean acidification (OA) is exacerbated by high variability of pH, temperature, and biological CO2 production. The nonlinear interactions among these drivers can be context‐specific and their effect on organisms in these habitats remains largely unknown, warranting further investigation. We were particularly interested in Mytilus edulis (the blue mussel) from intertidal zones of the Gulf of Maine (GOM), USA, for this study. GOM is a hot spot of global climate change (average sea surface temperature (SST) increasing by >0.2°C/year) with >60% decline in mussel population over the past 40 years. Here, we utilize bioenergetic underpinnings to identify limits of stress tolerance in M. edulis from GOM exposed to warming and OA. We have measured whole‐organism oxygen consumption rates and metabolic biomarkers in mussels exposed to control and elevated temperatures (10 vs. 15°C, respectively) and current and moderately elevated PCO2 levels (~400 vs. 800 µatm, respectively). Our study demonstrates that adult M. edulis from GOM are metabolically resilient to the moderate OA scenario but responsive to warming as seen in changes in metabolic rate, energy reserves (total lipids), metabolite profiles (glucose and osmolyte dimethyl amine), and enzyme activities (carbonic anhydrase and calcium ATPase). Our results are in agreement with recent literature that OA scenarios for the next 100–300 years do not affect this species, possibly as a consequence of maintaining its in vivo acid‐base balance. more...
- Published
- 2021
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41. On the Compatibility of Fish Meal Replacements in Aquafeeds for Rainbow Trout. A Combined Metabolomic, Proteomic and Histological Study
- Author
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Antonio Palomba, Riccardo Melis, Grazia Biosa, Angela Braca, Salvatore Pisanu, Stefania Ghisaura, Christian Caimi, Ilaria Biasato, Sara Bellezza Oddon, Laura Gasco, Genciana Terova, Federico Moroni, Micaela Antonini, Daniela Pagnozzi, and Roberto Anedda more...
- Subjects
hepatic metabolism ,insect meal ,NMR-based metabolomics ,poultry by-products meal ,proteomics ,sustainable aquaculture ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
The sustainable development of modern aquaculture must rely on a significant reduction of the fish meal (FM) used in aquafeed formulations. However, FM substitution with alternative ingredients in diets for carnivorous fish species often showed reduced nutrient absorption, significantly perturbed metabolisms, and histological changes at both hepatic and intestinal levels. In the present study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed three different experimental aquafeeds. A control diet with higher FM content (27.3%) than two test formulations in which FM was substituted with two more sustainable and promising alternatives: insect meal (Hermetia illucens larvae = 10.1%, FM = 11.6%) and poultry by-products meal (PBM = 14.8%; FM = 11.7%). Combined metabolomics and proteomics analyses of fish liver, together with histological examination of liver and intestine demonstrated that a well-balanced formulation of nutrients in the three diets allowed high metabolic compatibility of either substitution, paving the way for a deeper understanding of the impact of novel raw materials for the fish feed industry. Results show that the main metabolic pathways of nutrient absorption and catabolism were essentially unaltered by alternative feed ingredients, and also histological alterations were negligible. It is demonstrated that the substitution of FM with sustainable alternatives does not have a negative impact on fish metabolism, as long as the nutritional requirements of rainbow trout are fulfilled. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. A Pilot Study on Biochemical Profile of Follicular Fluid in Breast Cancer Patients
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Maria A. Castiglione Morelli, Assunta Iuliano, Ilenia Matera, Licia Viggiani, Sergio C. A. Schettini, Paola Colucci, and Angela Ostuni
- Subjects
NMR-based metabolomics ,breast cancer ,fertility preservation ,oxidative stress ,inflammation ,tumor stage ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women in almost all countries worldwide and is one of the oncological pathologies for which is indicated fertility preservation, a type of procedure used to help keep a person’s ability to have children. Follicular fluid (FF) is a major component of oocyte microenvironment, which is involved in oocyte growth, follicular maturation, and in communication between germ and somatic cells; furthermore, it accumulates all metabolites during oocytes growth. To obtain information about changes on fertility due to cancer, we aimed at investigating potential biomarkers to discriminate between FF samples obtained from 16 BC patients and 10 healthy women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatments. An NMR-based metabolomics approach was performed to investigate the FF metabolic profiles; ELISA and western blotting assays were used to investigate protein markers of oxidative and inflammatory stress, which are processes closely related to cancer. Our results seem to suggest that FFs of BC women display some significant metabolic alterations in comparison to healthy controls, and these variations are also related with tumor staging. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Cadaverine Is a Switch in the Lysine Degradation Pathway in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Identified by Untargeted Metabolomics
- Author
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Abigail Leggett, Da-Wei Li, Devin Sindeldecker, Amelia Staats, Nicholas Rigel, Lei Bruschweiler-Li, Rafael Brüschweiler, and Paul Stoodley
- Subjects
biofilm ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,NMR-based metabolomics ,cadaverine ,bacterial metabolism ,lysine degradation pathway ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
There is a critical need to accurately diagnose, prevent, and treat biofilms in humans. The biofilm forming P. aeruginosa bacteria can cause acute and chronic infections, which are difficult to treat due to their ability to evade host defenses along with an inherent antibiotic-tolerance. Using an untargeted NMR-based metabolomics approach, we identified statistically significant differences in 52 metabolites between P. aeruginosa grown in the planktonic and lawn biofilm states. Among them, the metabolites of the cadaverine branch of the lysine degradation pathway were systematically decreased in biofilm. Exogenous supplementation of cadaverine caused significantly increased planktonic growth, decreased biofilm accumulation by 49% and led to altered biofilm morphology, converting to a pellicle biofilm at the air-liquid interface. Our findings show how metabolic pathway differences directly affect the growth mode in P. aeruginosa and could support interventional strategies to control biofilm formation. more...
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
44. Cadaverine Is a Switch in the Lysine Degradation Pathway in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Identified by Untargeted Metabolomics.
- Author
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Leggett, Abigail, Li, Da-Wei, Sindeldecker, Devin, Staats, Amelia, Rigel, Nicholas, Bruschweiler-Li, Lei, Brüschweiler, Rafael, and Stoodley, Paul
- Subjects
BIOFILMS ,METABOLOMICS ,LYSINE ,BACTERIAL metabolism ,BASIC needs - Abstract
There is a critical need to accurately diagnose, prevent, and treat biofilms in humans. The biofilm forming P. aeruginosa bacteria can cause acute and chronic infections, which are difficult to treat due to their ability to evade host defenses along with an inherent antibiotic-tolerance. Using an untargeted NMR-based metabolomics approach, we identified statistically significant differences in 52 metabolites between P. aeruginosa grown in the planktonic and lawn biofilm states. Among them, the metabolites of the cadaverine branch of the lysine degradation pathway were systematically decreased in biofilm. Exogenous supplementation of cadaverine caused significantly increased planktonic growth, decreased biofilm accumulation by 49% and led to altered biofilm morphology, converting to a pellicle biofilm at the air-liquid interface. Our findings show how metabolic pathway differences directly affect the growth mode in P. aeruginosa and could support interventional strategies to control biofilm formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Updates and Original Case Studies Focused on the NMR-Linked Metabolomics Analysis of Human Oral Fluids Part I: Emerging Platforms and Perspectives.
- Author
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Grootveld, Martin, Page, Georgina, Bhogadia, Mohammed, and Edgar, Mark
- Subjects
SALIVA ,SALIVA analysis ,METABOLOMICS ,NMR spectrometers ,MEDICAL screening ,CASE studies ,ORAL mucosa - Abstract
1 H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of human saliva, other oral fluids, and/or tissue biopsies serves as a valuable technique for the exploration of metabolic processes, and when associated with 'state-of-the-art' multivariate (MV) statistical analysis strategies, provides a powerful means of examining the identification of characteristic metabolite patterns, which may serve to differentiate between patients with oral health conditions (e.g., periodontitis, dental caries, and oral cancers) and age-matched heathy controls. This approach may also be employed to explore such discriminatory signatures in the salivary1 H NMR profiles of patients with systemic diseases, and to date, these have included diabetes, Sjörgen's syndrome, cancers, neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, and viral infections. However, such investigations are complicated in view of quite a large number of serious inconsistencies between the different studies performed by independent research groups globally; these include differing protocols and routes for saliva sample collection (e.g., stimulated versus unstimulated samples), their timings (particularly the oral activity abstention period involved, which may range from one to 12 h or more), and methods for sample transport, storage, and preparation for NMR analysis, not to mention a very wide variety of demographic variables that may influence salivary metabolite concentrations, notably the age, gender, ethnic origin, salivary flow-rate, lifestyles, diets, and smoking status of participant donors, together with their exposure to any other possible convoluting environmental factors. In view of the explosive increase in reported salivary metabolomics investigations, in this update, we critically review a wide range of critical considerations for the successful performance of such experiments. These include the nature, composite sources, and biomolecular status of human saliva samples; the merits of these samples as media for the screening of disease biomarkers, notably their facile, unsupervised collection; and the different classes of such metabolomics investigations possible. Also encompassed is an account of the history of NMR-based salivary metabolomics; our recommended regimens for the collection, transport, and storage of saliva samples, along with their preparation for NMR analysis; frequently employed pulse sequences for the NMR analysis of these samples; the supreme resonance assignment benefits offered by homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR techniques; deliberations regarding salivary biomolecule quantification approaches employed for such studies, including the preprocessing and bucketing of multianalyte salivary NMR spectra, and the normalization, transformation, and scaling of datasets therefrom; salivary phenotype analysis, featuring the segregation of a range of different metabolites into 'pools' grouped according to their potential physiological sources; and lastly, future prospects afforded by the applications of LF benchtop NMR spectrometers for direct evaluations of the oral or systemic health status of patients at clinical 'point-of-contact' sites, e.g., dental surgeries. This commentary is then concluded with appropriate recommendations for the conduct of future salivary metabolomics studies. Also included are two original case studies featuring investigations of (1) the1 H NMR resonance line-widths of selected biomolecules and their possible dependence on biomacromolecular binding equilibria, and (2) the combined univariate (UV) and MV analysis of saliva specimens collected from a large group of healthy control participants in order to potentially delineate the possible origins of biomolecules therein, particularly host- versus oral microbiome-derived sources. In a follow-up publication, Part II of this series, we conduct censorious reviews of reported observations acquired from a diversity of salivary metabolomics investigations performed to evaluate both localized oral and non-oral diseases. Perplexing problems encountered with these again include those arising from sample collection and preparation protocols, along with1 H NMR spectral misassignments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Updates and Original Case Studies Focused on the NMR-Linked Metabolomics Analysis of Human Oral Fluids Part III: Implementations for the Diagnosis of Non-Cancerous Disorders, Both Oral and Systemic
- Author
-
Martin Grootveld, Georgina Page, Mohammed Bhogadia, Kayleigh Hunwin, and Mark Edgar
- Subjects
saliva ,metabolomics ,1H NMR analysis ,NMR-based metabolomics ,oral diseases ,periodontal diseases ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
This communication represents Part III of our series of reports based on the applications of human saliva as a useful and conveniently collectable medium for the discovery, identification and monitoring of biomarkers, which are of some merit for the diagnosis of human diseases. Such biomarkers, or others reflecting the dysfunction of specific disease-associated metabolic pathways, may also be employed for the prognostic pathological tracking of these diseases. Part I of this series set the experimental and logistical groundwork for this report, and the preceding paper, Part II, featured the applications of newly developed metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and severity grading of human cancer conditions, both oral and systemic. Clearly, there are many benefits, both scientific and economic, associated with the donation of human saliva samples (usually as whole mouth saliva) from humans consenting to and participating in investigations focused on the discovery of biomolecular markers of diseases. These include usually non-invasive collection protocols, relatively low cost when compared against blood sample collection, and no requirement for clinical supervision during collection episodes. This paper is centred on the employment and value of ‘state-of-the-art’ metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and prognosis of a wide range of non-cancerous human diseases. Firstly, these include common oral diseases such as periodontal diseases (from type 1 (gingivitis) to type 4 (advanced periodontitis)), and dental caries. Secondly, a wide range of extra-oral (systemic) conditions are covered, most notably diabetes types 1 and 2, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, and Sjögren’s syndrome, along with a series of viral infections, e.g., pharyngitis, influenza, HIV and COVID-19. Since the authors’ major research interests lie in the area of the principles and applications of NMR-linked metabolomics techniques, many, but not all, of the studies reviewed were conducted using these technologies, with special attention being given to recommended protocols for their operation and management, for example, satisfactory experimental model designs; sample collection and laboratory processing techniques; the selection of sample-specific NMR pulse sequences for saliva analysis; and strategies available for the confirmation of resonance assignments for both endogenous and exogenous molecules in this biofluid. This article also features an original case study, which is focussed on the use of NMR-based salivary metabolomics techniques to provide some key biomarkers for the diagnosis of pharyngitis, and an example of how to ‘police’ such studies and to recognise participants who perceive that they actually have this disorder but do not from their metabolic profiles and multivariate analysis pattern-based clusterings. The biochemical and clinical significance of these multidimensional metabolomics investigations are discussed in detail. more...
- Published
- 2023
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47. Longitudinal Multi-Omics Study of a Mother-Infant Dyad from Breastfeeding to Weaning: An Individualized Approach to Understand the Interactions Among Diet, Fecal Metabolome and Microbiota Composition
- Author
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Giorgia Conta, Federica Del Chierico, Sofia Reddel, Federico Marini, Fabio Sciubba, Giorgio Capuani, Alberta Tomassini, Maria Enrica Di Cocco, Nicola Laforgia, Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre, Lorenza Putignani, and Alfredo Miccheli more...
- Subjects
gut microbiota ,NMR-based metabolomics ,metabolic profiling ,breast milk ,targeted metagenomics ,HMOs ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The development of the human gut microbiota is characterized by a dynamic sequence of events from birth to adulthood, which make the gut microbiota unique for everyone. Its composition and metabolism may play a critical role in the intestinal homeostasis and health. We propose a study on a single mother-infant dyad to follow the dynamics of an infant fecal microbiota and metabolome changes in relation to breast milk composition during the lactation period and evaluate the changes induced by introduction of complementary food during the weaning period. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics was performed on breast milk and, together with 16S RNA targeted-metagenomics analysis, also on infant stool samples of a mother-infant dyad collected over a period running from the exclusive breastfeeding diet to weaning. Breast milk samples and neonatal stool samples were collected from the 4th to the 10th month of life. Both specimens were collected from day 103 to day 175, while from day 219–268 only stool samples were examined. An exploratory and a predictive analysis were carried out by means of Common component and specific weight analysis and multi-block partial least squares discriminant analysis, respectively. Stools collected during breastfeeding and during a mixed fruit/breastfeeding diet were characterized by high levels of fucosyl-oligosaccharides and glycolysis intermediates, including succinate and formate. The transition to a semi-solid food diet was characterized by several changes in fecal parameters: increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels, including acetate, propionate and butyrate, dissapearance of HMOs and the shift in the community composition, mainly occurring within the Firmicutes phylum. The variations in the fecal metabolome reflected the infant’s diet transition, while the composition of the microbiota followed a more complex and still unstable behavior. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Urinary Metabolites as Predictors of Acute Mountain Sickness Severity
- Author
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Isaie Sibomana, Daniel P. Foose, Michael L. Raymer, Nicholas V. Reo, J. Philip Karl, Claire E. Berryman, Andrew J. Young, Stefan M. Pasiakos, and Camilla A. Mauzy
- Subjects
acute mountain sickness ,susceptibility ,altitude ,hypoxia ,NMR-based metabolomics ,metabolite profiles ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Individuals sojourning at high altitude (≥2,500m) often develop acute mountain sickness (AMS). However, substantial unexplained inter-individual variability in AMS severity exists. Untargeted metabolomics assays are increasingly used to identify novel biomarkers of susceptibility to illness, and to elucidate biological pathways linking environmental exposures to health outcomes. This study used untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to identify urine metabolites associated with AMS severity during high altitude sojourn. Following a 21-day stay at sea level (SL; 55m), 17 healthy males were transported to high altitude (HA; 4,300m) for a 22-day sojourn. AMS symptoms measured twice daily during the first 5days at HA were used to dichotomize participants according to AMS severity: moderate/severe AMS (AMS; n=11) or no/mild AMS (NoAMS; n=6). Urine samples collected on SL day 12 and HA days 1 and 18 were analyzed using proton NMR tools and the data were subjected to multivariate analyses. The SL urinary metabolite profiles were significantly different (p≤0.05) between AMS vs. NoAMS individuals prior to high altitude exposure. Differentially expressed metabolites included elevated levels of creatine and acetylcarnitine, and decreased levels of hypoxanthine and taurine in the AMS vs. NoAMS group. In addition, the levels of two amino acid derivatives (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and N-methylhistidine) and two unidentified metabolites (doublet peaks at 3.33ppm and a singlet at 8.20ppm) were significantly different between groups at SL. By HA day 18, the differences in urinary metabolites between AMS and NoAMS participants had largely resolved. Pathway analysis of these differentially expressed metabolites indicated that they directly or indirectly play a role in energy metabolism. These observations suggest that alterations in energy metabolism before high altitude exposure may contribute to AMS susceptibility at altitude. If validated in larger cohorts, these markers could inform development of a non-invasive assay to screen individuals for AMS susceptibility prior to high altitude sojourn. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Urinary Metabolites as Predictors of Acute Mountain Sickness Severity.
- Author
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Sibomana, Isaie, Foose, Daniel P., Raymer, Michael L., Reo, Nicholas V., Karl, J. Philip, Berryman, Claire E., Young, Andrew J., Pasiakos, Stefan M., and Mauzy, Camilla A.
- Subjects
MOUNTAIN sickness ,AMINO acid derivatives ,METABOLITES ,ALTITUDES ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance ,ENERGY metabolism - Abstract
Individuals sojourning at high altitude (≥2,500m) often develop acute mountain sickness (AMS). However, substantial unexplained inter-individual variability in AMS severity exists. Untargeted metabolomics assays are increasingly used to identify novel biomarkers of susceptibility to illness, and to elucidate biological pathways linking environmental exposures to health outcomes. This study used untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to identify urine metabolites associated with AMS severity during high altitude sojourn. Following a 21-day stay at sea level (SL; 55m), 17 healthy males were transported to high altitude (HA; 4,300m) for a 22-day sojourn. AMS symptoms measured twice daily during the first 5days at HA were used to dichotomize participants according to AMS severity: moderate/severe AMS (AMS; n =11) or no/mild AMS (NoAMS; n =6). Urine samples collected on SL day 12 and HA days 1 and 18 were analyzed using proton NMR tools and the data were subjected to multivariate analyses. The SL urinary metabolite profiles were significantly different (p ≤0.05) between AMS vs. NoAMS individuals prior to high altitude exposure. Differentially expressed metabolites included elevated levels of creatine and acetylcarnitine, and decreased levels of hypoxanthine and taurine in the AMS vs. NoAMS group. In addition, the levels of two amino acid derivatives (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and N-methylhistidine) and two unidentified metabolites (doublet peaks at 3.33ppm and a singlet at 8.20ppm) were significantly different between groups at SL. By HA day 18, the differences in urinary metabolites between AMS and NoAMS participants had largely resolved. Pathway analysis of these differentially expressed metabolites indicated that they directly or indirectly play a role in energy metabolism. These observations suggest that alterations in energy metabolism before high altitude exposure may contribute to AMS susceptibility at altitude. If validated in larger cohorts, these markers could inform development of a non-invasive assay to screen individuals for AMS susceptibility prior to high altitude sojourn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Cold adaptation shapes the robustness of metabolic networks in Drosophila melanogaster
- Author
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Williams, Caroline M, Watanabe, Miki, Guarracino, Mario R, Ferraro, Maria B, Edison, Arthur S, Morgan, Theodore J, Boroujerdi, Arezue FB, and Hahn, Daniel A
- Subjects
Adaptation ,Physiological ,Animals ,Cold Temperature ,Cold-Shock Response ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Energy Metabolism ,Membrane Lipids ,Metabolome ,Oxidative Stress ,Proline ,Selection ,Genetic ,Tryptophan ,Correlation networks ,energy balance ,insect ,NMR-based metabolomics ,thermal limits ,winter ,Ecology ,Evolutionary Biology - Abstract
When ectotherms are exposed to low temperatures, they enter a cold-induced coma (chill coma) that prevents resource acquisition, mating, oviposition, and escape from predation. There is substantial variation in time taken to recover from chill coma both within and among species, and this variation is correlated with habitat temperatures such that insects from cold environments recover more quickly. This suggests an adaptive response, but the mechanisms underlying variation in recovery times are unknown, making it difficult to decisively test adaptive hypotheses. We use replicated lines of Drosophila melanogaster selected in the laboratory for fast (hardy) or slow (susceptible) chill-coma recovery times to investigate modifications to metabolic profiles associated with cold adaptation. We measured metabolite concentrations of flies before, during, and after cold exposure using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to test the hypotheses that hardy flies maintain metabolic homeostasis better during cold exposure and recovery, and that their metabolic networks are more robust to cold-induced perturbations. The metabolites of cold-hardy flies were less cold responsive and their metabolic networks during cold exposure were more robust, supporting our hypotheses. Metabolites involved in membrane lipid synthesis, tryptophan metabolism, oxidative stress, energy balance, and proline metabolism were altered by selection on cold tolerance. We discuss the potential significance of these alterations. more...
- Published
- 2014
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