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Aim: To examine night working conditions by shift work type and identify the effects of night working conditions on nurses' perceptions of shift work safety and health effects. Background: Night work is the main factor affecting nurses' health. However, the safety of night working conditions has not been sufficiently examined in previous studies. Methods: This study used a cross‐sectional research design and an online survey using a tool released by the Australian Manufacturing Workers' Union, and the responses of 348 shift work nurses in Korea were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effects of shift work conditions on the perceived safety of night work and health effects. The STROBE reporting guidelines were utilized, and data were collected from December 1 to December 31, 2021. Results: The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that perceived threat to safety and the health effects of shift work were not significant according to shift type. However, night‐shift‐work nurses who worked alone (P = 0.003), lacked an emergency recovery system (P = 0.026), and had difficulty commuting perceived a threat to their health (P = 0.007). Additionally, nurses who experienced loss of concentration (P = 0.006) and inadequate rest time (P < 0.001) perceived the health effects of shift work. Discussion: Urgent monitoring of night work conditions is necessary for the 2‐shift work type. Nurses must work night shifts together and an emergency system should be established for their safety. Conclusion: Night work conditions should be improved to prevent the hazards of night work and its negative health effects on nurses. Implications for nursing and health policy: This study suggests the necessity of a policy to enhance night work safety, including emergency coping systems and sufficient inter‐shift rest time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The present study evaluates the efficacy of behavioural therapy adapted for shift work disorder with a randomised control design in a healthcare population. Forty‐three night shift workers (m. age: 34 years; 77% women) experiencing shift work disorder were randomised to either the behavioural therapy for shift work disorder (BT‐SWD) or a waiting‐list control group offered after the waiting period. Participants completed questionnaires on insomnia, sleepiness and mental health pre‐ and post‐treatment, pre‐ and post‐waiting, and at follow‐up, and a sleep diary. As night shift workers alternate between sleeping during the day after their night shifts and transitioning to nighttime sleep on days off, insomnia severity and sleep variables were analysed for daytime and nighttime sleep. The BT‐SWD involved sleep restriction therapy, stimulus control and fixed sleep periods in the dark. Statistical analyses were performed under intent‐to‐treat and per‐protocol approaches. Repeated‐measures two‐way ANCOVA analysis, controlling for age, sex and pre‐treatment daytime total sleep time, was performed with Bonferroni corrections, and between‐group effect sizes computed. Fourteen participants dropped out after randomisation. Under the intent‐to‐treat analysis, BT‐SWD participants had a significant greater decrease in daytime insomnia severity and an increase in daytime total sleep time at post‐treatment than the control group, with large between‐group effect sizes (−1.25 and 0.89). These corresponding results were also significant with large effect sizes under the per‐protocol analysis. Sleepiness, anxiety and depression levels improved at post‐treatment and maintained at follow‐up when the BT‐SWD treated controls were added to the BT‐SWD group. The behavioural therapy for shift work disorder can be used to improve the sleep and mental health of healthcare night workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive function, including moral decision-making abilities, can be impaired by sleep loss. Blue-enriched light interventions have been shown to ameliorate cognitive impairment during night work. This study investigated whether the quality of moral decision-making during simulated night work differed for night work in blue-enriched white light, compared to warm white light. Methods: Using a counterbalanced crossover design, three consecutive night shifts were performed in blue-enriched white light (7000K) and warm white light (2500K) provided by ceiling-mounted LED luminaires (photopic illuminance: ~200lx). At 03:30h on the second shift (i.e. twice) and at daytime (rested), the Defining Issues Test-2, assessing the activation of cognitive schemas depicting different levels of cognitive moral development, was administered. Data from 30 (10 males, average age 23.3±2.9 years) participants were analysed using linear mixed-effects models. Results: Activation of the post-conventional schema (P-score), that is, the most mature moral level, was significantly lower for night work in warm white light (EMM; estimated marginal mean = 44.3, 95% CI = 38.9-49.6; pholm=.007), but not blue-enriched white light (EMM = 47.5, 95% CI = 42.2-52.8), compared to daytime (EMM = 51.2, 95% CI = 45.9-56.5). Also, the P-score was reduced for night work overall (EMM = 45.9, 95% CI = 41.1-50.8; p=.008), that is, irrespective of light condition, compared to daytime. Neither activation of the maintaining norms schema (MN-score), that is, moderately developed moral level, nor activation of the personal interest schema (i.e. the lowest moral level) differed significantly between light conditions. The MN-score was however increased for night work overall (EMM = 26.8, 95% CI = 23.1-30.5; p=.033) compared to daytime (EMM = 23.1, 95% CI = 18.9-27.2). Conclusion: The results indicate that moral decisions during simulated night work in warm white light, but not blue-enriched white light, become less mature and principle-oriented, and more rule-based compared to daytime, hence blue-enriched white light may function as a moderator. Further studies are needed, and the findings should be tentatively considered. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03203538) Registered: 26/06/2017; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03203538 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary It is unclear to what extent posture shifts during sleep are associated with prior arousal and full awakening, and if supine‐avoidance alarms to discourage supine sleep promote more extended wake following supine alarms. Thus, this study sought to examine relationships between posture shifts, arousals and awakenings, and to establish if a vibro‐tactile supine‐avoidance alarm delays the return to sleep following supine posture shifts. Detailed posture shift and sleep data from a chest‐worn device with an inactive or active supine‐avoidance alarm, and in‐home sleep study data were from 37 participants who completed a randomised controlled trial of supine‐avoidance device treatment for supine‐predominant obstructive sleep apnea. Posture shifts, sleep, arousal and awakening responses, and sleep onset latency following posture shifts were compared between baseline and supine‐avoidance treatment nights. Compared to baseline, there was a marked reduction in overnight supine time with active supine‐avoidance treatment. Around 90% of posture shifts were preceded by either wake, arousal or full awakening. Sleep onset latency was longer for posture shifts occurring from prior wake compared to those from prior sleep but was not different between baseline or supine‐avoidance treatment nights or between shifts from non‐supine to supine or vice‐versa. Most overnight posture shifts are associated with either prior wake or brief arousal, which likely facilitates co‐ordinated body movements needed for effective posture shifts. Thus, sleep is typically already interrupted around the time that supine‐avoidance alarms are activated, and the alarm itself does not significantly delay the return to sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Night shift workers face increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to non-shift workers. Evidence supports on-shift napping and regular non-invasive monitoring of endothelial function for risk mitigation, yet neither strategy is widely used. Methods: We evaluated the feasibility of non-invasive assessment of peripheral arterial tone (PAT) to assess the effect of napping during simulated night shift work on endothelial function. We used a single-site, randomized crossover trial of simulated night shift work with a 45-min nap condition versus a control, no-nap condition (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05436951). Results: The primary outcome was the number of participants with ≥ 70% of endothelial function assessments. Secondary outcomes included mean reactive hyperemia index (RHI), BP, and cognitive performance with the brief psychomotor vigilance task (PVT-B). Of the 10 consented, 9 completed both conditions. All participants exceeded feasibility benchmarks. Mean RHI did not differ by nap condition, and the delta from pre- to post measure did not differ (difference in delta = − 0.26, 95% CI − 1.09, 0.58). Hourly PVT-B assessments from 19:00 to 07:00 h did not differ by nap condition. Compared to pre-nap measures, cognitive performance on the PVT-B was poorest at + 0 min post-nap. Conclusion: Our findings can inform larger studies evaluating the effects of night shift work and napping on endothelial function. Trial registrations: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05436951, registered on June 23, 2022). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circadian rhythm regulates a variety of biological processes in almost all living organisms. Modern lifestyles, e.g. transmeridian travel, night shift, light at night, etc., frequently disrupt people's regular sleep-wake cycles and create a misalignment (circadian desynchrony) between the natural environment and the endogenous body clock, and between different circadian oscillators within the body. The long-term consequences of circadian desynchrony on neurodevelopment and adult behavior remain elusive. Increasing clinical evidence supports a correlation between the disruption of the circadian system and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders. Despite clinical correlations, experimental evidence is yet to establish a link between circadian disturbance in early life and adult behavioral changes. Here, using a "short day" (SD) mouse model, in which mice were exposed to an 8 h/8 h light/dark (LD) cycle mimicking a "shift work" schedule from gestation day 1 to postnatal day 21, we performed a battery of behavioral tests to assess changes in adult behaviors, including sociability, affective behaviors, stereotypy, cognition and locomotor functions. In contrast to the control mice kept in a 12 h/12 h LD cycle, the adult SD mice entrained to the 8 h/8 h LD cycle, but their free running rhythms remained normal in constant darkness. Interestingly, however, the SD mice displayed diminished sociability, a reduced preference for social novelty, excessive repetitive behaviors, and compromised cognitive functions, all of which resemble characteristics of autism-like behavioral alterations. In addition, the SD mice exhibited significant anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and impaired motor functions. By western blotting and immunostaining analyses, hyperactivation of the mTORC1/S6K1 pathway was detected in multiple forebrain regions of SD mice. These findings underscore the enduring impact of early-life circadian disruption on neurochemical signaling and behavioral patterns into adulthood, highlighting a pivotal role for circadian regulation in neurodevelopment. Circadian desynchrony by an 8 h/8 h light/dark cycle before weaning leads to long-lasting impairments in sociability, excessive repetitive behaviors, and cognitive malfunctions, all of which resemble autism-like behavioral alterations in mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While links between certain chronotypes and poorer health outcomes have been well established in previous studies, few studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and cellular aging. Using data from the California Teachers Study (CTS), the present study evaluates the relationship between cellular aging and chronobiology through an analysis of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and chronotype among 817 predominantly postmenopausal women with no history of cancer and occupations not associated with night-shift work. Unconditional logistic regression models were run to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for each chronotype category, adjusted for age, ethnicity, and smoking status. Analyses were then stratified by potential modifiers to assess whether results varied among specific subgroups within the sample. Women who reported being current evening types and evening types from teen years to now were significantly less likely to have short LTL compared to women who reported being current morning types or morning types from teen years to now (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.53-0.98; OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.39-0.84). Our results suggest that women with no history of cancer who identify as evening chronotypes may undergo decreased cellular aging compared to women in the same population who identify as morning types. Further studies on populations of postmenopausal women are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When liver graft procurements take place in the late afternoon or in the evening, transplantation is often performed at night when alertness and psychomotor abilities may be altered. Our objective was to determine whether liver transplantation performed at night increases severe 90-day postoperative complication rates. In this observational study, we analyzed all consecutive patients who were transplanted between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018. Outcomes were compared according to whether all or part of the liver transplantation was performed or not (control group) at late night, i.e., between midnight and 5 a.m. The main outcome was rate of Clavien–Dindo ≥ IIIb complications within 90 days post-transplantation. 790 liver transplantations were analyzed. In a multivariable analysis adjusted for cold ischemic time, late-night procedures required more blood transfusions (P = 0.010) and had higher odds of severe complication occurrence than controls (odds ratio 1.67; 95% CI, [1.10–2.54]). One-year graft and patient survival was similar. We conclude that the organization of liver transplant surgery should be reconsidered to avoid LN surgery as much as can be done. Except to create teams dedicated to night work (which represents a considerable cost), such organization may require safe extension of liver graft preservation times. The alternative could be to extend the use of oxygenated machine perfusion preservation with the unique purpose of safely extending the graft preservation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: HPTN 084 compared the safety and efficacy of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB) to daily oral TDF/FTC for prevention of HIV-1 in uninfected African women. Like a similar trial in MSM/TGW (HPTN 083), the trial was stopped early for efficacy, expediting the need to consider introduction strategies for different populations. We examine survey and qualitative data from a four-country sub-study to examine oral and injectable PrEP acceptability and considerations for CAB access among African women. Methods: Participants completed baseline and follow-up surveys on HIV risk perception, sexual behavior. product acceptability and adherence during the blinded trial. Additionally, up to two in-depth interviews each with 73 sub-study participants explored product use and trial-related experiences, during the blinded and unblinded study periods. Using survey data, we classified participants as: engaged in female sex work (FSW), having multiple non-transactional partners, or monogamous. A study statistician identified participants' assigned study arm. We followed a thematic analysis process to read transcripts, develop a codebook and apply codes in NVivo to transcripts with intermittent intercoder reliability checks; using Excel matrices to explore differences across risk categories and study arms. Findings: Participants overwhelmingly preferred injections to pills, appreciating the ease, convenience, and privacy of a long-acting formulation. Many participants described challenges with contraceptive and/or study pill adherence, impeded by late night work, unexpected travel, or heavy drinking. Women in the TDF/FTC arm were more likely to describe side effects, compared to those in the CAB arm. Pain also varied widely by study arm. When considering post-trial access to CAB, limited PrEP knowledge, cost and concerns around stigma and poor service quality were potential access barriers. Conclusion: Women's desire for privacy and ease of use outweighed injectable concerns, resulting in a strong preference for CAB. Cost and accessibility will need to be addressed by implementation programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's fertility rate continues to decline despite government fertility policies. This study aims to explore the micro-level causes of China's declining fertility rate by examining the impact of changes in Chinese work patterns in recent years, particularly the prevalence of overtime work, on fertility intentions. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study examines the impact of overtime work on fertility intentions at both the provincial and urban levels. It also examines the specific mechanisms through which different types of overtime (e.g. weekend overtime, night shifts, on-call duty) affect fertility intentions. The results show that overtime work significantly inhibits fertility intentions, a trend that is consistent at both provincial and urban levels. Weekend overtime, night shifts, and on-call duties exhibit particularly pronounced inhibitory effects on fertility intentions. However, not all work arrangements negatively impact fertility intentions. Reasonable work schedules may even foster them. The research implies the need for policy measures to mitigate the negative effects of overtime work on fertility intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dynamic hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) results in intrinsic positive end‐expiratory pressure (auto‐PEEP). Automatic tube compensation (ATC) is used to increase airway pressure in COPD and overcome endotracheal tube (ETT)–imposed respiratory workload. We aim to investigate effects of ATC activation on auto‐PEEP decrease in COPD. Methods: ATC was activated three times a day (1 min duration) in the morning, evening, and night shift. Auto‐PEEP was measured for the 1 min period (every 6 s) following ATC activation. Linear mixed model (LMM) was used to measure changes in auto‐PEEP and compare with baseline value. Age, gender, and COPD types were inserted in model as covariates and analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 60 patients including COPD (n = 40) and COPD with exacerbation (n = 20) were included. Compared with exacerbated COPD, baseline auto‐PEEP in COPD was significantly lower in morning (p = 0.011), evening (p = 0.043), and night shift (p = 0.007). After ATC activation, auto‐PEEP decreased significantly in COPD in morning, evening, and night (p = 0.001), but magnitude of this decrease was notably larger in COPD than in exacerbated COPD (p = 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between COPD exacerbation and changes in auto‐PEEP in morning (β = −0.27, p = 0.001), evening (β = −0.16, p = 0.001), and night (β = −0.26, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The activation of ATC mode in COPD patients under mechanical ventilation could decrease the value of auto‐PEEP. Nevertheless, COPD patients with an exacerbation appear to benefit less from ATC activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid economic growth in Indonesia and Malaysia has widened the gap in emergency care supply and demand, intensifying challenges. Our study, from August to November 2022, assesses current diverse challenges in both countries' emergency care systems from frontline staff perspectives. The online survey involved emergency department (ED) personnel from 11 hospitals in Indonesia and Malaysia, drawing from an existing network. The survey collected data on respondents' characteristics, factors affecting prehospital and ED care quality, missing clinical information, and factors influencing patients' ED stay duration. With 83 respondents from Indonesia and 109 from Malaysia, the study identified common challenges. In both countries, inadequate clinical information from ambulances posed a primary challenge in prehospital care quality, while crowdedness during night shifts affected ED care quality. Frequent gaps in essential clinical information, such as family and medication history, were observed. Prolonged ED stays were associated with diagnostic studies and their turnaround time. This study offers insights into shared challenges in Indonesia and Malaysia's emergency care systems. Our findings stress recognizing common and country-specific challenges for enhanced emergency care quality in Southeast Asia, supporting tailored interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to prospectively investigate associations of working night shifts with weight gain in the Nightingale Study, a large cohort of female nurses. METHODS: This study included 36 273 registered nurses, who completed questionnaires in 2011 and 2017. Cumulative number of nights, mean number of nights/month and consecutive number of nights/month in 2007–2011 were assessed. We used Poisson regression to estimate multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) of >5% weight gain from 2011 to 2017 among all participants and assess risk of development of overweight/obesity (BMI≥25 kg/m^2) among women with healthy baseline body mass index. The reference group consisted of women who never worked nights. RESULTS: Overall, working night shifts in 2007–2011 was associated with >5% weight gain [IRR 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.13]. Associations differed by menopausal status in 2011, with an increased risk of gaining >5% weight limited to postmenopausal women who worked nights (IRR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.38). Postmenopausal women had an increased risk of >5% weight gain when they worked on average ≥4 nights/month (4–5: IRR 1.29, 95% CI 1.09–1.52, ≥6: IRR 1.27, 95% CI 1.11–1.47) or ≥4 consecutive nights/month (IRR 1.37, 95% CI 1.19–1.58), compared to postmenopausal women who never worked nights. For postmenopausal women with healthy weight at baseline, night shift work was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity at follow-up (IRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.50). CONCLUSIONS: Working night shifts was associated with a slightly increased risk of weight gain and overweight/obesity development among women who were postmenopausal at study inclusion. Our findings emphasize the importance of health promotion to maintain a healthy weight among (postmenopausal) night workers.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the association between long working hours, night work, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among young healthcare workers. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among healthcare workers in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan from 2002 to 2021. Other than physicians, all hospital employees aged 20–65 years with documented yearly working hours and an annual blood test including creatinine were eligible. We excluded participants with eGFR

Background: Miscommunications account for up to 80% of preventable medical errors. Mnemonics like I-PASS (Illness severity, Patient summary, Actions list, Situation awareness, Synthesis) have demonstrated a positive impact on reducing error rates. Currently, physicians at our hospital do not follow a specific structure during hand-offs. We aimed to compare current hand-offs without prior training to a gold standard and the I-PASS tool in terms of content and sequence. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data collected during a simulation study of a Friday evening hand-off to the night resident at University Hospitals of Geneva. Thirty physicians received a hand-off of four patients and managed two other patients through nursing pages at the start of the night shift, generating six sign-outs each, totaling 177 sign-outs. A focus group of three senior doctors defined the gold standard (GS) by consensus on the essential content of each sign-out. The analysis focused on the rates of relevance (ratio of information considered relevant by the GS) and completeness (proportion of transmitted elements out of all expected elements of the GS), and the distribution and sequence of the first four I-PASS categories. Results: Relevance and completeness rates were 37.2% ± 0.07 and 51.9% ± 0.1, respectively, with no significant difference between residents and supervisors. There was a positive correlation between total hand-off time and relevance (residents: R2 = 0.62; supervisors: R2 = 0.67) and completeness (residents: R2 = 0.32; supervisors: R2 = 0.56). The distribution of I-PASS categories was highly skewed in both the GS (I = 2%, P = 72%, A = 17%, S = 9%) and participants (I = 6%, P = 73%, A = 14%, S = 7%), with significant differences in categories A (p = 0.046) and I (p ≤ 0.001). Sequences of I-PASS categories generally followed a P-A-S-I pattern. The first S category was frequently absent, and only one participant began by announcing the case severity as suggested by I-PASS. Conclusion: We identified gaps between current medical sign-outs in our institution's general internal medicine division and the I-PASS structure. We recommend implementing the I-PASS mnemonic, emphasizing the "I" category at the start and the "S" category to anticipate and prevent complications. Future studies should assess the impact of this recommendation, adapt the mnemonic elements to the context, and introduce specific hand-off training for senior medical students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sheba Medical Center (SMC) is the largest hospital in Israel and has been coping with a steady increase in total Emergency Department (ED) visits. Over 140,000 patients arrive at the SMC's ED every year. Of those, 19% are admitted to the medical wards. Some are very short hospitalizations (one night or less). This puts a heavy burden on the medical wards. We aimed to identify the characteristics of short hospitalizations. Methods: We retrospectively retrieved data of consecutive adult patients admitted to our hospital during January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2019. We limited the cohort to patients who were admitted to the medical wards. We divided the study group into those with short, those with non-short hospitalization and those who were discharged from the ED. Results: Out of 133,126 admissions, 59,994 (45.0%) were hospitalized for short term. Patients in the short hospitalization group were younger and had fewer comorbidities. The highest rate of short hospitalization was recorded during night shifts (58.4%) and the rate of short hospitalization was associated with the ED daily patient load (r = 0.35, p < 0.001). The likelihood of having a short hospitalization was most prominent in patients with suicide attempt (80.0% of those admitted for this complaint had a short hospitalization), followed by hypertension (68.6%). However, these complaints accounted for only 0.7% of the total number of short hospitalizations. Cardiac and neurological complaints however, made up 27.4% of the short hospitalizations. The 30-days mortality rate was 7.0% in the non-short hospitalization group, 4.3% in the short hospitalization group and 0.9% in those who were discharged from the ED. Conclusions: Short hospitalizations in medical wards have special characteristics that may render them predictable. Increasing the rate of treating personnel per patient during peak hours and referring subsets of patients with cardiac and neurological complaints to ED-associated short term observation units may decrease short admissions to medical departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Working during the night interferes with the timing of normal daily activities and is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases. Under controlled experimental conditions, interventions focusing on sleep and nutrition can mitigate the short-term adverse effects of shift work. However, it is unclear how these results translate to real-life, how they can be targeted to individual conditions, and how they relate to long-term health. Therefore, the current study aims to implement a personalized sleep and nutritional intervention among night shift workers in the field. Methods: A non-blinded controlled intervention study is used, consisting of a run-in period, an intervention of 3 months, post-intervention measurements, and a follow-up after 12 months. Three study arms are included: sleep intervention, nutritional intervention, and control group (n = 25 each). Participants are healthy 18–60-year male night shift workers, with at least one year of experience in night shift work. Information from the run-in period will be used to personalize the interventions. The main outcomes are sleep measurements and continuous interstitial glucose levels. Furthermore, general health biomarkers and parameters will be determined to further evaluate effects on long-term health. Discussion: This study aims to mitigate negative health consequences associated with night shift work by introducing two personalized preventive interventions. If proven effective, the personalized interventions may serve as practical solutions that can have a meaningful impact on the sustainable health and employability of night shift workers. This study will thereby contribute to the current need for high–quality data on preventative strategies for night shift work in a real-life context. Trial registration: This trial has been registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT06147089. Registered 27 November 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We investigated the relationship between employment status, work patterns, and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Methods: This was a case–control study from September 2017 through December 2022 involving 17 emergency departments and 9 public health centers. The cases included patients aged 20–79 years with SCA, excluding those with traumatic arrest, terminal illness, pregnancy, unreliable information, or a "Do Not Resuscitate" order. Controls were selected from various health screening centers in Korea. All participants completed structured questionnaires. Propensity score matching was used to ensure comparability by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Results: Of the 1536 patients enrolled, 116 from the case group were excluded due to missing employment data, leaving 1420 cases and 2304 controls for analysis. Employment was reported by 47.5% of cases and 59.4% of controls. There was no significant difference in the proportion of sole proprietors (20.6% vs. 22.5%, p = 0.39). The case group had a higher proportion of employers (13.2% vs. 6.5%, p < 0.001) and fewer employees (63.3% vs. 69.1%, p = 0.02). Professional roles were more common among controls (23.6% vs. 31.6%, p < 0.001), while labor-intensive jobs were more frequent in cases (27.7% vs. 17.8%, p < 0.001). The case group had more evening and night shifts (odds ratio [OR]: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.06; OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.09) and longer workdays (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.08). Conclusions: SCA patients were more likely to work evening and night shifts and have longer workdays, often exceeding 10 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The negative effects of shift work on oxidant-antioxidant balance are known, but its impact on dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) is less studied. This cross-sectional study investigated dTAC among nurses on rotating schedules N = 44). Dietary intake of antioxidants – total carotenoids, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, and total flavonoids – was assessed using seven consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. The dTAC was estimated using four methods: oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total radical trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). Sleep quality and chronotype were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, respectively. Findings indicated a significant elevation in dTAC during night shifts (p < 0.05), driven by increased tea consumption, despite reduced fruit and legume intake. These findings highlight the importance low-calorie, antioxidant-rich food – such as vegetables, fruits, and legumes – to enhance flavonoid intake and dTAC levels in shift workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Evidence about a potential link between current and lifetime night shift work and risk of incident asthma is insufficient. Aim To investigate the association of current and lifetime night shift work with risk of incident asthma, and the modified effect of genetic susceptibility on this association. Design and methods We included 253 773 individuals with complete night shift work information in the UK biobank. We calculated the standard polygenetic risk score (PRS) for asthma. The Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs. Results After multivariable adjustments, we found that current night shift work was associated with an increased risk of incident asthma in a dose–response fashion (P for trend < 0.001). Compared with day workers, those working usual/permanent night shifts had a 17% (95% CI: 1.04–1.33) higher risk of asthma incidence. In addition, we observed significant dose-dependent relationships of longer lifetime duration or frequency of night shift work with elevated risk of asthma incidence (all P for trend < 0.05). Compared with never night shift workers, those with a duration (≥5 years) or frequency (≥8 nights/month) of night shift work exhibited a 20% (95% CI: 1.03–1.39) or 22% (95% CI: 1.03–1.44) higher risk of incident asthma, respectively. Moreover, the elevated risk of incident asthma related to current and lifetime night shift work exposure was strengthened by high PRS, although no significant shift work–PRS interactions were detected. Conclusion Both current and lifetime night shift work may increase the risk of incident asthma, regardless of genetic predisposition to asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article from the Australian Diabetes Educator discusses how short sleep duration is linked to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and glucose dysregulation. Researchers analyzed data from the UK Biobank and found that healthy eating alone may not be enough to counteract the negative effects of chronic sleep loss on diabetes risk. Strategies to mitigate this risk include engaging in physical activity, improving dietary intake, and addressing coexisting conditions like obstructive sleep apnea. The study highlights the importance of sleep hygiene and adequate sleep duration in promoting metabolic well-being and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the question of whether employees are entitled to continued payment if they are unable to perform night shift work due to illness. The Supreme Court (OGH) has ruled that in such cases, employees are entitled to the two-hour compensatory time off provided for night shift work. The defendant argued that compensatory time off should only be granted if the employee actually performs care and treatment work for patients. However, the appellate court decided that the missed working time should be considered as fulfilled despite the illness, leading to a reduction in working hours for nursing staff in certain areas. Ordinary revision was allowed to clarify the entitlement to compensatory time off despite incapacity for work. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: Permanent night workers conceivably show better adaptation of circadian rhythms to night work than shift workers and therefore better possibilities of obtaining sufficient sleep of good quality after night shifts. We investigated the effect of night shifts including number of consecutive shifts on sleep among self-selected permanent night workers, and studied if the effect of night shifts differed between morning and evening types and compared with 3-shift workers. Methods: The study population included 90 permanent night workers followed for 14 days (warehouse workers, 1228 observation days, 80% males). For comparison, we included 70 3-shift workers followed for 26 days (police officers, 1774 observation days, 100% men). Total sleep time (TST), primary sleep duration (PSD), and sleep efficiency were assessed by actigraphy. Measures of sleep quality and diurnal type were self-reported. Results: Among permanent night workers, TST, PSD, difficulties falling asleep, disturbed sleep, and the number of awakenings decreased after night shifts compared with days without night work. Sleep efficiency, difficulties awakening, and non-refreshing sleep increased. More consecutive night shifts were associated with shorter TST and PSD. Sleep outcomes did not differ by diurnal type. Permanent night workers had fewer awakenings after night shifts than 3-shift workers, but no other differences were observed. Conclusion: This study does not provide evidence that supports recommendation of permanent night work to reduce adverse effects of night shifts on sleep. A limited number of consecutive night shifts is recommended to reduce accumulation of sleep debt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Night shift work negatively affect human health by disturbing circadian rhythm & altering biological functions, due to poor sleep quality. These disturbances have been linked to insulin resistance & poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). Objectives: to investigate the association between rotating night-shift work and glycemic control among type 2 diabetic nursing staff. Materials and Methods: case-control study included 104 T2DM nursing staff (65 of them on rotating night shift work & the other 39 on fixed day work) in addition to 104 healthy control subjects at Menoufia University hospitals, Egypt. They were subjected to a pre-designed self-administered questionnaire & blood samples for assessment of glycemic control were withdrawn as fasting, two-hour post prandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Results: overnight work (62.5%) had significantly worse glycemic control assessed by glucose parameters (FBG, 2Hppg and HbA1c) than those performing day work (37.5%). There was significant association between unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, obesity and night-shift working and DM (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed factors like positive family history, unhealthy diet, obesity and night-shift working were significant predictors for poor diabetic control. Conclusion: This study revealed that T2DM nurses working rotating night shifts had poor glycemic control due to chronic circadian misalignment and several factors associated with night shift working as bad dietary foods habits, weight gain, less exercise, night light exposure and endocrinal disturbances. Occupational diabetic health practitioners should be aware of modifying mealtimes, adjusting insulin dosing schedule avoiding factors triggering hypoglycemia episodes by consulting diabetic specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Shift work was associated with elevated dementia risk. Definitive guidelines for sleep duration among shift workers have not been proposed. We aimed to identify sleep durations associated with elimination of excess dementia risk in shift workers. Methods: 285,213 dementia-free UK Biobank participants at baseline, aged 38–71 years, were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and followed up through 2022 in this cohort study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations between shift work, sleep duration, and risk of dementia. Results: The 285,213 participants included 49,079 shift workers and 236,134 non-shift workers. Over a median follow-up of 13.8 years, 1887 dementia cases were documented. Current shift workers had significantly higher dementia risk than non-shift workers (hazard ratio [HR] 1.26; 95% CI 1.11–1.42). However, this excess risk was eliminated in shift workers with 8 h of sleep (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.80–1.29). Analysis of shift work frequency indicated that "sometimes" and "usually/always" shift work were associated with increased dementia risk compared to that of non-shift workers, but excess dementia risk was eliminated in members of either frequency group receiving 8 h of sleep ("sometimes", HR 1.05; 95% CI 0.75–1.48; "usually/always", HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.70–1.35). Both "non-night shift" and "night shift" workers showed increased dementia risk compared to non-shift workers. Workers with 8 h of sleep mitigated the excess risk (HR 1.13; 95% CI 0.84–1.53 and HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.59–1.26, respectively). Conclusion: 8-h sleep may eliminate excess dementia risk among shift workers, suggesting a potentially effective dementia prevention guideline for shift workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Arriving during "off hours" to the hospital can put patients at greater risk of complications or mortality given lesser staff. Our goal was to investigate this in trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of >15. We hypothesized that the patients admitted late at night and/or during the weekend, would have worse outcomes, delays to the operating room (OR), and longer lengths of stay (LOS) compared to those who arrive on a weekday during the day. Methods: We performed a retrospective study from 8/1/2019 to 8/1/2022 of all trauma patients with an ISS >15 at our Level 1 Trauma Center. Patients <18 years, dead on arrival, or transferred out were excluded. Univariate and multivariable analysis were performed comparing weekday vs weekend arrivals, day vs night shift arrivals, and with patients grouped as weekday day, weekday night, weekend day, and weekend night. The primary outcome was mortality. Results: 953 patients met inclusion criteria. The patients that arrived on the weekend and at night were significantly younger than their counterparts. A significantly greater percentage of Black patients arrived during night shift. Mortality, hospital LOS, and ICU LOS did not differ based on day or time of arrival. Conclusion: Contrary to our hypothesis, our study did not find a significant difference in outcomes when evaluating based on a patient's time of arrival. This gives credence that our mature trauma center can provide the same level of care despite the time of a severely injured patient's time of arrival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shift work disrupts circadian rhythms and alters sleep patterns, resulting in various health problems. To quantitatively assess the impact of shift work on brain health, we evaluated the brain age index (BAI) derived from sleep electroencephalography (EEG) results in night-shift workers and compared it with that in daytime workers. We studied 45 female night shift nurses (mean age: 28.2 ± 3.3 years) and 44 female daytime workers (30.5 ± 4.7 years). Sleep EEG data were analyzed to calculate BAI. The BAI of night shift workers who were asleep during the daytime with those of daytime workers who were asleep at night were statistically compared to explore associations between BAI, duration of shift work, and sleep quality. Night-shift workers exhibited significantly higher BAI (2.14 ± 6.04 vs. 0 ± 5.35), suggesting accelerated brain aging and altered sleep architecture, including reduced delta and sigma wave frequency activity during non-rapid eye movement sleep than daytime workers. Furthermore, poor deep sleep quality, indicated by a higher percentage of N1, lower percentage of N3, and higher arousal index, was associated with increased BAI among shift workers. Additionally, a longer duration of night-shift work was correlated with increased BAI, particularly in older shift workers. Night-shift work, especially over extended periods, may be associated with accelerated brain aging, as indicated by higher BAI and alterations in sleep architecture. Interventions are necessary to mitigate the health impacts of shift work. Further research on the long-term effects and potential strategies for sleep improvement and mitigating brain aging in shift workers is warranted. • Night-shift workers exhibited a significantly higher Brain Age Index (BAI) compared to daytime workers. • Poor deep sleep quality during daytime sleep in night-shift workers was associated with increased BAI. • Extended periods of night-shift work were associated with accelerated brain aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Sleep is a complex physiological process during which the body and mind enter a period of rest. For a healthy lifestyle, different cohort groups can be affected in different ways. One such cohort is healthcare workers (HCWs)—an unexplored group in Afghanistan. Therefore, the present study examined the association between a range of sociodemographic factors including having night shift work and sleep quality among Afghan HCWs. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey was administered in January 2023 among HCWs (N = 342) in the Herat province of Afghanistan. The survey examined sleep quality and its association with a range of sociodemographic factors among HCWs. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of sleep quality with sociodemographic characteristics among HCWs. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality among HCWs. Results: A total of 342 HCWs participated in the present study with an age range of 18 to 60 years. The mean age of the participants was 28.90 years (SD ± 8.10). Just over half of the participants were male (50.3%). Of the 342 participants, 58.5% reported poor sleep quality. Being married status, having higher number of children, not being a doctor, having low economic status, working night shifts, and having a traumatic event occur during past month were among the main variables associated with sleep quality among Afghan HCWs. Multiple regression analysis indicated that having high income [negatively] (AOR = 4.132, p = 0.002), working night shifts [positively] (AOR = 0.288, p < 0.001), and having a traumatic event occur during past month [positively] (AOR = 0.504, p = 0.007) were significantly associated with sleep quality. Conclusion: The study suggests the need for Afghan health employers to create a healthy work environment that prioritizes the well‐being of their employees by limiting overtime hours, providing rest breaks during long shifts, and ensuring that HCWs have access to necessary resources for coping with work‐related stressors. These policies would promote the overall health and well‐being of the workforce and would likely lead to better patient care outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We examined the one-year test re-test reliability and validity criterion of survey-assessed sleep duration collected from two separate questions. Methods: The Activity Validation Sub Study included 751 participants of the Cancer Prevention Study-3 study to further investigate rest/activity cycles. Sleep duration was collected using three methods: survey, Daysimeter device, and sleep diary. Survey-assessed sleep duration was collected using 2 different questions, each with different response options (categorical and continuous). Selected participants (n = 170) were asked to wear a Daysimeter device for seven consecutive days for two non-consecutive quarters. Participants were excluded from the current study due to incomplete/implausible survey or device data or reported working night shift. We calculated reliability of pre- and post-survey sleep duration for both survey question using Spearman correlation. We used the method of triads to estimate the validity coefficient (VC) between the three sleep duration measurements in the present study and the "true" latent sleep duration measure, and bootstrapping methods to calculate the 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Of 119 participants included in the study (52.10% male), test-retest correlation showed strong and moderate correlations for sleep duration collected continuously and categorically, respectively. The VC for survey-assessed continuous sleep duration was 0.82 (95%CI 0.71, 0.90) for weekday and 0.68 (95%CI 0.46, 0.83) for weekend. Performance of the VC was slightly weaker for survey-assessed categorical sleep duration (weekday VC = 0.57 95%CI 0.42, 0.71; weekend VC = 0.47 95%CI 0.29, 0.62). Conclusion: The two survey-assessed sleep duration questions used in the AVSS and CPS-3 cohorts are valid approximations of sleep duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time-restricted feeding (RF) is known to shift the phasing of gene expression in most primary metabolic tissues, whereas a time misalignment between the suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian clock (SCNCC) and its peripheral CCs (PCC's) is known to induce various pathophysiological conditions, including a metabolic syndrome. We now report that a unique "light therapy," involving different light intensities (TZT0-ZT12150-TZT0-ZT12700 lx, TZT0-ZT1275-TZT0-ZT12150 lx, and TZT0-ZT12350-TZT0-ZT12700 lx), realigns the RF-generated misalignment between the SCNCC and the PCC's. Using such high-light regime, we show that through shifting the SCNCC and its activity, it is possible in a RF and "night-shifted mouse model" to prevent/correct pathophysiologies (e.g., a metabolic syndrome, a loss of memory, cardiovascular abnormalities). Our data indicate that such a "high-light regime" could be used as a unique chronotherapy, for those working on night shifts or suffering from jet-lag, in order to realign their SCNCC and PCC's, thereby preventing the generation of pathophysiological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To determine the relationship between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and quality of working life (QWL) among medical caregivers and the mediating role of job burnout. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 787 medical caregivers at seven hospitals from Sichuan and Chongqing, China, between May to September 2023 were included in this observational study. The General Information Questionnaire, Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI), Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), and Quality of Working Life Scale (QWL7-32) were used for data collection. SPSS 26.0 and PROCESSv3.3 were used for all data analyses, including descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 820 questionnaires were distributed, of which only 787 were valid (return rate; 95.98%). The QWL score of medical caregivers was 126.94 ± 16.69. However, QWL scores were significantly different depending on age, number of children, family support status, department, years of experience, night shift status, number of night shifts per month, number of hours worked per day, monthly income, and occurrence of errors or adverse events (p < 0.05). Furthermore, job burnout and ERI were negatively correlated with QWL (p < 0.01). Job burnout mediated (95% CI = -0.365, -0.260) the relationship between ERI and QWL, accounting for 58.65% of the total effect. Conclusion: Medical caregivers have a medium level of QWL. Job burnout partially mediates the relationship between ERI and QWL. Medical caregiver managers can improve QWL by directly intervening in occupational stress and indirectly intervening in job burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Employees working in shifts are exposed to many threats affecting their health, quality of life and safety at work. Those who perform their work only at night are particularly vulnerable. The purpose of the review is to identify risks to the health, quality of life and sleep of shift health workers. Method: A systematic review (SR) was used in the analysis. Electronic databases were searched. The search was limited to the latest studies published in the last five years: 2019–2023. Results: Finally, 36 articles were included in the review. Most authors have shown a link between sleep disturbance or its quality and shift work/night work. Moreover, a three-shift schedule was the most significant factor for poorer subjective sleep quality when compared to other work schedules. Furthermore, many authors have shown a link between shift/night work and health problems, which include cardiometabolic risk, glucose intolerance, breast cancer and immune vulnerability. Conclusions: The research results clearly show a significant impact of night work on the increased risk of sleep disorders and health disturbance. Healthcare workers should be aware of the risks associated with night work in order to take measures preventing sleep/health problems. Shift/night workers should have the opportunity to be screened for disorders linked with their work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We examined how work-related factors associate with several health behaviours that appear together among the large, but less-studied, blue- and pink-collar worker group, which is characterized by low education and income levels. Methods: In 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among private sector service workers (n = 5256) in Finland. We applied two-step cluster analysis to identify groups on the basis of leisure-time physical activity, sleep adequacy, frequency of heavy drinking, smoking status, and frequency of fruit, vegetable and berry consumption. We examined the associations with work-related factors, using multinomial regression analyses and adjusting for confounding factors. Results: We identified six clusters labelled as Moderately Healthy (28% of the participants), Healthy – Vigorous Exercise (19%), Sedentary Lifestyle (16%), Inadequate Sleep (15%), Mixed Health Behaviours (15%), and Multiple Risk Behaviours (8%). Those who perceived their work to be mentally or physically strenuous more commonly belonged to the Inadequate Sleep and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. Time pressure made belonging to the Inadequate Sleep, Mixed Health Behaviours, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters more likely. Those who were dissatisfied with their work more often belonged to the Healthy – Vigorous Exercise, Inadequate Sleep, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. Conclusion: In addition of finding several considerably differing health behaviour clusters, we also found that adverse working conditions were associated with clusters characterized by multiple risk behaviours, especially inadequate sleep. Private-sector service workers' working conditions should be improved so that they support sufficient recovery, and occupational health services should better identify co-occurring multiple risk behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the attitudes of healthcare workers towards the safe use of needle-stick and sharp medical instruments. Methods: The study was conducted cross-sectionally on 248 healthcare workers. Data were collected face-to-face using the "Healthcare Worker Identification Form" and the "Healthcare Workers' Attitude Scale Towards Safe Use of Needle-Stick and Sharp Medical Instruments". Results: The total score and cognitive and affective subscale mean scores of the Attitudes Toward Safe Use of Needle-Stick and Sharp Medical Instruments Scale were statistically significantly higher in women than in men (p<0.05). The mean scores of healthcare workers who were having night shift were lower than those who were not having night shift (p<0.05). According to the results of linear regression analysis, gender, educational status, occupation, and exposure to injury were determined as factors independently affecting attitudes towards safe use of needle-stick and sharp medical instruments (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the attitudes of male healthcare workers, those who were having night shift, those who experienced sharps injuries, midwives and health officers towards safe use of needle-stick and sharp medical instruments were low. In line with these results, it is recommended to organize in-service training programs for the prevention of sharps injuries, to pay attention to standard prevention practices and to actively use the reporting system, taking into account the personal (gender) and professional characteristics of healthcare workers (occupation, having a needle-stick and sharp injury, postgraduate education status, having night shift, etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a normative and ubiquitous nuisance in the service industry, customer mistreatment has received extensive attention for its profound impacts on front-line employees' (FLEs) lagged reactions. Drawing upon the Conservation of Resources theory, our results of multilevel path analysis reveal that FLEs encountering daily customer mistreatment experience poor nightly sleep quality, which in turn drives them away from next-day customer-oriented prosocial behavior. These predictions are further contingent upon the levels of service rule commitment, defined as FLEs' commitment to organizational service rules. In Study 2 and Study 3, we replicate the findings of Study 1 and expand the range of outcomes to cast FLEs' turnover intention as another consequence triggered by customer mistreatment on the previous day. Furthermore, we incorporate optimal rule control and empathetic leadership into our analyses to propose the three-way interactions. The results unpack that the aggravating effect of high service rule commitment on the relationship between customer mistreatment and nightly sleep quality is buffered when rule control is optimal or when empathetic leadership is high. Taken together, our findings uncover the spillover-depleting effects of daily customer mistreatment and how the strength of such process is bound by personal and contextual factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sleep is a critical component of existence and vital for the rejuvenation of the body. A minimum of 7 h of sleep is needed for adults for optimal wellness. In the present condition, extended periods of wakefulness are a common occurrence. Such wakefulness can be acute total sleep deprivation or chronic partial sleep restriction. Both forms can negatively impact cognitive abilities. It is prevalent among nursing professionals, who play a vital role in health care, remaining alert during working hours, especially night shifts. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to examine the effects of altered sleep patterns on working memory among nursing personnel working day and night shifts. Materials and Methods: The necessary documents for conducting the study were obtained from the institution and the participants. For this cross-sectional study, 31 nursing staff, age group of 25-40 years, males - six, and females - 25 were chosen according to the selection criteria. They were posted to wards on rotational day and night shifts. Rey-Osterrieth figure copy and recall test (Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test [ROCF]) was used for assessing working memory. The performance was based on a copy score and a recall score. Results: A paired "t" test with one-way repeated within the subject analysis of variance test was applied for analysis. Recall scores of ROCF were significantly less. Copy scores of ROCF were also less but statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The present study showed that the recall scores were significantly less in nursing professionals at the end of the night shift duration indicating poor working memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to elucidate the effects of long day and night shifts on immune cells in a population of nurses. This cross-sectional study in December 2019 was based on a group of nurses. 1568 physically healthy caregivers were included, including 1540 women and 28 men. 1093 nurses had long-term shift work (working in a rotating system for > 1 year). The receiver operating characteristic curve, Ensemble Learning, and Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate factors related to long-term shift work. The night shift group nurses had significantly higher MPV, PLCR, and WBC and significantly lower BASO%, ELR, MCHC, PLR, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD (P < 0.01). ROC curves showed that WBC, PLR, ELR, RDW_CV, and BASO% were more related to the night shift. Ensemble Learning, combined with the LASSO model, finally filtered out three indicators of night shifts related to ELR, WBC, and RDW_SD. Finally, logistic regression analysis showed that the nurses' night shift situation greatly influenced two peripheral blood ELR and WBC indicators (ELR: log (OR) = − 3.9, 95% CI: − 5.8– − 2.0; WBC: log (OR) = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.18–0.32). Finally, we showed that, unlike WBC, the relative riskiness of ELR showed opposite results among junior nurses and middle-senior nurses (log (OR) 6.5 (95% CI: 1.2, 13) and − 7.1 (95% CI: − 10, − 3.8), respectively). Our study found that prolonged night shifts were associated with abnormal WBC and ELR, but after strict age matching, WBC remained significantly different. These findings help to confirm that COVID-19 and tumorigenesis (e.g., breast cancer) are significantly associated with circadian rhythm disruption. However, more detailed studies are needed to confirm this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective: The prevalence of 12-hour shift work is increasing in various occupations. Shift work has been linked to circadian rhythm disruption, which may lead to hormonal changes and metabolic disorders, including alterations in glucose, lipid, and purine metabolism. Despite this, there is limited research on the potential connection between work shifts and abnormal serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Furthermore, the factors that contribute to abnormal SUA levels in shift workers are not well-understood. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the SUA levels of shift workers employed in an aircraft maintenance company, investigate the potential association between shift work and SUA levels, and explore the factors that may influence abnormal SUA levels in shift workers. Methods: A total of 2263 male workers from an aircraft maintenance company were included in this study using the cluster sampling method. The workers were divided into two groups based on their working shifts: night shift (N = 1047, 46.27%) and day working (N = 1216, 53.73%). A survey was conducted between April 1st and June 30th, 2022 to gather information on work, lifestyle, physical examination results, and other relevant factors. The survey included a self-designed demographic information questionnaire to collect data on workers' characteristics, medical history, years of employment, smoking and drinking habits, and main lifestyle behaviors. The workers' SUA levels were measured using uricase colorimetry. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the difference in the abnormal detection rate of SUA between the two groups, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors that influence abnormal SUA levels. Results: The study indicated that 48.9% of night shift workers and 43.8% in the regular day workers had abnormal SUA levels, with a significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 6.125, P = 0.013). Factors such as circadian rhythm type, shift work, age, the taste of diet, type of diet, smoking, overweight or obesity based on body mass index (BMI), concentration of urine creatinine (CREA), total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were found to be correlated with SUA abnormalities (P < 0.05). The risk of developing SUA abnormalities was found to be higher in individuals with an intermittent (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.83–2.12, P < 0.05) or evening circadian rhythm type (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.86–2.43, P > 0.05) compared to those with a morning type. Additionally, factors such as night shift work, a high-sodium diet, smoking, a diet high in meat and low in vegetables, being overweight or obese, and higher levels of CREA were also found to increase the risk of developing SUA abnormalities. The study also revealed a significant dose-response relationship between BMI and abnormal uric acid levels. After controlling for other factors, the risk of developing SUA abnormalities was found to be 1.18 times higher in the night shift work group than in the day work group (OR = 1.18, 95% CI:1.02–1.34, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Shift work has been linked to a higher risk of developing SUA abnormalities, and there are several factors that may contribute to this risk. To prevent diseases, it is recommended that enterprises implement better health monitoring and management practices for shift workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Night work is frequently associated with sleep deprivation and is associated with greater surgical and medical complications. Lung transplantation (LT) is carried out both at night and during the day and involves many medical healthcare workers. The goal of the study was to compare morbidity and mortality between LT recipients according to LT operative time. We performed a retrospective, observational, single-center study. When the procedure started between 6 AM and 6 PM, the patient was allocated to the Daytime group. If the procedure started between 6 PM and 6 AM, the patient was allocated to the Nighttime group. Between January 2015 and December 2020, 253 patients were included. A total of 168 (66%) patients were classified into the Day group, and 85 (34%) patients were classified into the Night group. Lung Donors' general characteristics were similar between the groups. The 90-day and one-year mortality rates were similar between the groups (90-days: n = 13 (15%) vs. n = 26 (15%), p = 0.970; 1 year: n = 18 (21%) vs. n = 42 (25%), p = 0.499). Daytime LT was associated with more one-year airway dehiscence (n = 36 (21%) vs. n = 6 (7.1%), p = 0.004). In conclusion, among patients who underwent LT, there was no significant association between operative time and survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work-life balance is the state of equilibrium a person achieves when effectively managing both professional responsibilities and personal commitments. When this balance is lost, it can negatively impact job performance, strain relationships with colleagues, and disrupt home life. This imbalance can lead to decreased productivity, increased stress levels, and a less positive work environment. On the other hand, maintaining a healthy work-life balance benefits both employees and employers by enhancing productivity, improving efficiency, and fostering a positive workplace. Employees who achieve this balance tend to be more engaged, motivated, and satisfied with their work, which ultimately contributes to the overall success of the organization. The international BPO industry in the Philippines began in 1999 at the former US Air Force base in Clark, initiated by Cyber City. This marked a significant turning point for the Philippine economy, creating new job opportunities and laying the groundwork for economic growth in the years that followed. Since then, the industry has rapidly expanded across the country. In the past seven years, the call center sector has become the fastest-growing industry in the Philippines. Operating on a global scale, the industry is both highly fragmented and fiercely competitive. Key factors driving the Philippines' success in this field include a large pool of graduates with strong English communication skills, government support for IT investments, and a deep understanding of ICT, all of which have propelled the country's advancements in computer systems and performance. This study aims to examine the work-life balance of call center agents working both night and day shifts. The primary goal is to determine whether there are significant differences in work-life balance between night shift and day shift employees. The research uses a Descriptive Correlation Method and focuses on key aspects of work-life balance such as Health/Exercise, Family/Friends, Leisure, and Finances, while also exploring how shift type and gender influence these factors. Before the study began, the proposed questionnaires were reviewed and validated by experts in the field. Following this, permission was obtained from various call centers in Parañaque City to conduct the research within their organizations. Once permission was granted, the questionnaires were distributed to the participants, along with an introductory letter. After collecting the responses, the completed questionnaires were analyzed. Demographic information was examined using Frequency and Percentage Distribution, while the T-Test was used to identify significant differences in work-life balance between the different shifts. The results of the study revealed that the demographic profile of respondents shows a higher proportion of female call center agents (52.5%) compared to male agents (47.5%). The majority of respondents (77.5%) are within the age range of 31-35, indicating that most are in their mid-career stage. Additionally, 85% of respondents are single, and 75% do not have any dependents. Regarding employment status, 75% of respondents are regular employees. The study also assessed the work-life balance profile of respondents based on their shift type. The analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between night shift and day shift employees in most aspects of work-life balance, except for leisure activities. Finally, the study examined whether there is a significant difference in work-life balance based on gender, finding that female respondents scored higher in work-life balance components related to family/friends, health/exercise, and finances compared to their male counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aim Method Results Conclusions Implication for nursing and health policy Rotating‐shift nurses are susceptible to sleep disorders due to numerous factors, such as their biological clock, emotions, and age. At present, a lack of research exists on whether chronotype and shift type jointly influence the sleep quality of nurses.To verify whether chronotype is a moderator variable of the relationship between shift type and sleep quality in nurses in order to provide empirical evidence for future mental and physical health improvement.Clinical rotating‐shift nurses at a medical center in northern Taiwan were recruited as participants between November 1, 2023, and December 13, 2023. All of the nurses were working a monthly rotating shift schedule. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was employed to investigate whether the influence of shift type on sleep quality in nurses varied with chronotype. The STROBE checklist was used for reporting this study.The participants were 255 rotating‐shift nurses in this study. Hierarchical multiple regression results revealed that rotating‐shift nurses who were older (B = 0.19, p = 0.029), had greater physical fatigue (B = 0.27, p = 0.016), and had more negative emotions (B = 0.17, p = 0.011) suffered from poorer sleep quality. After controlling the above factors, we further found that chronotype indeed had moderating effects on the influence of shift type on sleep quality (B = −1.83, p = 0.049).This study demonstrates that early‐ and intermediate‐type nurses are more suitable for working the day and evening shifts, whereas late‐type nurses are more suitable for working the night shift.Coordinating chronotype with shift type will ensure that shift schedules better match the biological clocks of nurses; such individual considerations could help to improve their sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Night work and endometrial cancer" explores the relationship between night work and endometrial cancer, highlighting the importance of circadian disruption in the etiology of this type of cancer. Despite previous associations with other hormone-dependent cancers, this study did not find a significant association between night work and endometrial cancer. The authors, cancer epidemiologists, belong to institutions such as the Catalan Institute of Oncology and the Barcelona Institute for Global Health. [Extracted from the article]