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Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have sparked questions about value. In our attempt to shed light on the value of NFTs, especially during their dramatic rise in the early 2020s, we develop a theoretical analysis of the extrinsic factors shaping NFT value based on a perfect storm of individual, social, marketing, and environmental factors. After detailing the effects of each of these factors in shaping NFT valuation, we develop a new understanding of value in a frenzy of celebrity influence, social media, decentralized authority, unregulated markets, marketing hype, and media magnification. We also articulate the intrinsic factors that still affect value as well. We argue that in the NFT bubble economy and its aftermath, extrinsic, social, and situational factors came to dominate valuation. We offer advice on how to make sense of value in the post NFT bubble and outline a research agenda that considers the role of cryptocurrency and metaverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on market integration theory, we investigate the static and dynamic connectedness between nonfungible tokens (NFTs) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) equity markets using the Quantile Vector Auto Regressive model. We also compute optimal weights and hedge ratios for our variable of interest to establish their diversification and hedging potential. Our analysis infers a moderate level of return transmission at the median quantile, where equity markets evolved as the net recipients of return spillover from the system, while NFTs emerge as key transmitters. In extreme market conditions, transmission between variables is amplified, but the increase is symmetrical across extreme quantiles, suggesting a similar impact. However, the interlinkage among assets is symmetric across conditional quantiles. The dynamic analysis demonstrates that the system integration amplifies during uncertain times (e.g., COVID-19 and the Russia–Ukraine conflict). Our portfolio analysis shows that NFTs provide diversification and hedging in all market conditions. However, the period of turmoil dampened the diversification potential, and hedging became expensive. Our study offers detailed and insightful information about the transmission mechanism and enables the participants of financial markets to diversify and hedge their portfolio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are becoming increasingly popular as a way to represent and own digital property. However, the usage of NFTs also prompts questions about privacy. In this work, we show that it is possible to use NFTs to retrieve enough information to fingerprint users. By doing so, we can uniquely associate users with blockchain accounts. This would allow linking several blockchain accounts to the same user. This work focuses on the vulnerabilities presented by some popular NFT marketplaces. Since NFTs may have HTML files embedded, they allow the use of fingerprinting techniques if not handled carefully. Finally, we provide recommendations and countermeasures for the different actors in this ecosystem to avoid these kinds of tracking methods and, in doing so, safeguard user privacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid expansion of the non-fungible token (NFT) market, which grew over 200% in 2023 to reach $22 billion, has opened new avenues for fashion brands to engage consumers through digital fashion products under blockchain technology. This study investigated the effects of NFT promotional bundles that combine physical and NFT fashion items as a pair on consumer perceptions. By investigating the interaction effect between the brand type (luxury vs. non-luxury) and promotional bundle types (PHY+free NFT vs. NFT+free PHY), the research demonstrated how these bundles influenced consumers' perceived value, risk, and authenticity according to the brand type. The findings showed that while a freebie physical item can enhance consumers' perceived value of NFT products for non-luxury brands, it led to value-discounting inferences, particularly for luxury brands. This study contributes to the literature on NFT fashion by exploring consumer perceptions and providing insights for fashion retailers on effectively framing promotional bundles to maximize consumer engagement for NFT fashion products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nankai Business Review is the property of Nankai Business Review Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to analyse the dynamic connectedness relationship (DCR) between cryptocurrency, NFT, and DeFi assets. In the study, two cryptocurrencies consisting of Bitcoin and Ethereum, two NFTs consisting of Tezos and The Sandbox, and two DeFi assets consisting of Chainlik and Uniswap were analysed. The results showed that Ethereum cryptocurrency and Chainlink DeFi assets spilled volatility to other crypto assets. The other variables were assets that received volatility, and the volatility spillover relationship between NFT assets is less than other crypto assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the hedging and safe-haven characteristics across the various segments of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). It adopts the case study approach to blend the key study findings on the risk and return aspects of different NFT segments. The study finds that various segments of NFTs have mixed levels of correlations with traditional financial assets. Online games and metaverse segments of NFTs display a link to the crypto assets. Similarly, only the metaverse segment shows an association with the market sentiment. Art, online games, and collectibles segments within the NFTs space show mixed levels of hedging. However, all NFT segments under consideration show ambiguous safe-haven facets. Overall, the present study highlights some of the important aspects to consider while investing in the different segments of NFTs with respect to portfolio optimization, market dynamics, and risk management. JEL Codes: C12, C13, J64 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a novel framework for implementing decentralized algorithms based on non-fungible tokens (NFTs) for digital twin management in aviation, with a focus on component lifecycle tracking. The proposed approach uses NFTs to create unique, immutable digital representations of physical aviation components capturing real-time records of a component's entire lifecycle, from manufacture to retirement. This paper outlines detailed workflows for key processes, including part tracking, maintenance records, certification and compliance, supply chain management, flight logs, ownership and leasing, technical documentation, and quality assurance. This paper introduces a class of algorithms designed to manage the complex relationships between physical components, their digital twins, and associated NFTs. A unified model is presented to demonstrate how NFTs are created and updated across various stages of a component's lifecycle, ensuring data integrity, regulatory compliance, and operational efficiency. This paper also discusses the architecture of the proposed system, exploring the relationships between data sources, digital twins, blockchain, NFTs, and other critical components. It further examines the main challenges of the NFT-based approach and outlines future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The proliferation of non-fungible token (NFT)-based crypto-art platforms has transformed how creators manage, own and earn money through the creation, assets and identity of their digital works. Despite this, no studies have examined the drivers of continuous content contribution behavior (CCCB) toward NFTs. Hence, this study draws on the theory of relational bonds to examine how various relational bonds affect feelings of psychological ownership, which, in turn, affects CCCB on metaverse platforms. Design/methodology/approach: Using structural equation modeling and importance-performance matrix analysis, an online survey of 434 content creators from prominent NFT platforms empirically validated the research hypotheses. Findings: Financial, structural, and social bonds positively affect psychological ownership, which in turn encourages CCCBs. The results of the importance-performance matrix analysis reveal that male content creators prioritized virtual reputation and social enhancement, whereas female content creators prioritized personalization and monetary gains. Originality/value: We examine Web 3.0 and the NFT creators' network that characterizes the governance practices of the metaverse. Consequently, the findings facilitate a better understanding of creator economy and meta-verse commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Videogames are an increasingly prominent use case for blockchain technology (what has been termed 'cryptogaming'). Drawing on documents, such as industry presentations, social media posts, interviews and white papers, this article analyses discourses surrounding cryptogames, focusing on the claims made by cryptogame developers and investors. We ask two related research questions: What are the dominant visions of a cryptogaming future, imagined by and for various constituencies? And what sorts of values get realised in such an imagined future of game development and use? We argue that cryptogames imagine players and developers as financialised subjects, adopting attitudes and practices of risk and investment as salves to both microeconomic problems in the games industry as well as broader macroeconomic issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Blockchain technology and non-fungible tokens have gained significant attention and widespread adoption due to their unique characteristics and potential for innovation in numerous industries, including education. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in digital learning resources such as multimedia-rich learning content, audio content, and online course content. The advancement of these learning resources has introduced several copyright challenges, such as copyright ownership, fair use of resources, licensing agreements, open educational resources and Creative Commons licenses, digital piracy, and international considerations. Copyright infringement in educational learning resources poses a significant concern that impacts content creators hugely and raises concerns regarding the quality and reliability of the content. This work proposes a copyright protection framework named EduCopyRight-Chain for educational resources using the Ethereum blockchain and non-fungible tokens to overcome concerning challenges. This work also presents a sharding approach within the proposed framework to enhance scalability. Additionally, this work proposes wallet generation, network joining, educational resource tokenization, and a verification approach by utilizing blockchain and non-fungible tokens. The proposed framework uses a Proof-of-Authority consensus mechanism to validate transactions over the peer-to-peer network, and an inter-planetary file system is used for the decentralized storage of associated records. This framework uses Remix IDE, MetaMask wallet, and the Sepolia test network. We use the BlockSim simulation toolkit to conduct experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed framework in terms of throughput, latency, response time, and standard deviation. The proposed framework achieves an average throughput of 354.26 TPS, a latency of 62.2 milliseconds, a response time of 124.1 milliseconds, and a standard deviation of 144.2 milliseconds. This work also conducts a comparative analysis to assess security features and limitations between the proposed framework and related work. Our observation reveals that the proposed EduCopyRight-Chain framework has better features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of NTT Gijutsu Journal is the property of Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Based on market integration theory, we investigate the static and dynamic connectedness between nonfungible tokens (NFTs) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) equity markets using the Quantile Vector Auto Regressive model. We also compute optimal weights and hedge ratios for our variable of interest to establish their diversification and hedging potential. Our analysis infers a moderate level of return transmission at the median quantile, where equity markets evolved as the net recipients of return spillover from the system, while NFTs emerge as key transmitters. In extreme market conditions, transmission between variables is amplified, but the increase is symmetrical across extreme quantiles, suggesting a similar impact. However, the interlinkage among assets is symmetric across conditional quantiles. The dynamic analysis demonstrates that the system integration amplifies during uncertain times (e.g., COVID-19 and the Russia–Ukraine conflict). Our portfolio analysis shows that NFTs provide diversification and hedging in all market conditions. However, the period of turmoil dampened the diversification potential, and hedging became expensive. Our study offers detailed and insightful information about the transmission mechanism and enables the participants of financial markets to diversify and hedge their portfolio.

Neste artigo, examina-se como a arte em novas mídias se posiciona em relação aos mundos da arte, partindo de considerações sobre textos de Manovich, bem como de Scrivener e Clements, que recuperaram os conceitos de Becker sobre os mundos das artes. Em seguida, discorre-se sobre a ampliação desses mundos/espaços e como novas formas de difusão, atribuição e comercialização caracterizam as primeiras décadas do século XXI, configurando um cenário propício para a atividade e o experimentalismo dos artistas e abrindo novas perspectivas. Ao final, apresentam-se breves considerações sobre o sucesso recente de vendas de obras de arte em forma de tokens não fungíveis (NFTs) e como elas impactam os mundos das artes.

Emerging digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), cryptocurrencies, and the metaverse have radically altered the landscape of industries worldwide. As these technologies continue to evolve, understanding how younger generations perceive and interact with them can offer valuable insights into future adoption trends. In this article, we present a detailed theoretical explanation of these technologies, paired with a comprehensive statistical analysis based on survey data from Romanian students. By applying advanced statistical methods such as correlation analysis, comparative analysis, and cluster segmentation, we aim to uncover not just familiarity and interest but also the underlying factors that shape students’ attitudes toward these groundbreaking technologies.

The rapid expansion of the non-fungible token (NFT) market, which grew over 200% in 2023 to reach $22 billion, has opened new avenues for fashion brands to engage consumers through digital fashion products under blockchain technology. This study investigated the effects of NFT promotional bundles that combine physical and NFT fashion items as a pair on consumer perceptions. By investigating the interaction effect between the brand type (luxury vs. non-luxury) and promotional bundle types (PHY+free NFT vs. NFT+free PHY), the research demonstrated how these bundles influenced consumers’ perceived value, risk, and authenticity according to the brand type. The findings showed that while a freebie physical item can enhance consumers’ perceived value of NFT products for non-luxury brands, it led to value-discounting inferences, particularly for luxury brands. This study contributes to the literature on NFT fashion by exploring consumer perceptions and providing insights for fashion retailers on effectively framing promotional bundles to maximize consumer engagement for NFT fashion products.

Thе rеsеarch rеlеvancе liеs in thе intеrsеction of thе classical civil problеm of thе lеgal naturе of propеrty rights and thе еvolving landscapе of digital tеchnologiеs, which has givеn risе to propеrty rights taking on a digital form (digital rights). This has lеd to thе nееd to еstablish thе lеgal framеwork for such digital rights, including utilitarian digital rights and digital financial assеts, within thе broadеr contеxt of propеrty rights. Thе issuе of thе lеgal framеwork for digital currеncy rеmains unrеsolvеd sincе it posеs challеngеs in classification within thе rеalm of propеrty rights. Furthеmorе, in ordеr to qualify propеrty law as falling undеr civil rights, thе focus must bе on thе prеsеncе of an absolutе right that dеfinеs thе opposition and ownеrship of this propеrty by a cеrtain еntity. Thе objеctivе is to dеvеlop sciеntific and thеorеtical principlеs for qualifying propеrty rights as objеcts of civil rights within thе contеxt of еconomic digitalization. This objеctivе is pursuеd through thе application of a systеmatic approach and a group of formal logical mеthods (dеduction, induction, analogy, еtc.), as wеll as spеcial lеgal mеthods (formal lеgal, comparativе lеgal, lеgal modеling mеthod). Thе rеsеarch has rеsultеd in a two-tiеrеd approach to thе study of propеrty rights. Thе first lеvеl involvеs еxamining thе contеnt of thе propеrty right within thе contеxt of rеlativе lеgal rеlationships, whilе thе sеcond lеvеl involvеs considеring a spеcific absolutе right to such propеrty rights. Thе rеsеarch concludеs that non-cash monеy (including thе digital rublе) and digital currеncy do not fall undеr thе rеalm of propеrty rights; thеy arе indеpеndеnt objеcts of civil rights. Additionally, it assеrts that absolutе and rеlativе rights pеrtaining to propеrty rights can bе manifеstеd in thе form of tokеns.

This research paper thoroughly addresses the processes of digitizing ceramic art and offering it as Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) for sale. It examines the effects of transitioning from traditional ceramic molding methods to modern 3D printing and Stereolithography (SLA) technologies on the digital transfer of ceramic works. A case study on the use of porcelain highlights thanks to white color the impact of material choice on aesthetics and functionality. The rise of digitalization and NFTs introduces new mechanisms for preserving the originality and ownership rights of works, while also discussing the technical challenges and ethical issues this process entails. The article evaluates the place and future of ceramic art in the digital age from both technical and cultural perspectives. Our research posits that the digitization of ceramic works opens new avenues for the preservation, dissemination, and commerce of art, and that this process could have profound effects on the future of ceramic art. This process attempts to determine how ceramic works gain presence in the digital realm and their position in the NFT market. However, this study is one of the first to cover the entire process of ceramic art digitization and to address stage with academic rigor. The process from the creation of the work to its digitization, NFT registration, and sale, is detailed in this study. Our work demonstrates that the process of digitizing ceramic art and offering it as NFTs can have significant impacts on the future of art. It sheds light on the future of ceramic art by presenting both the opportunities brought by digitalization and the challenges encountered, as well as potential solutions. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance and potential of ceramic art in the digital age and aims to fill the gaps in this field.

Non-fungible tokens are known as unique digital assets that are stored in the blockchain. Their non-fungibility makes them different from other crypto assets. Therefore, their pricing is different from the pricing of similar tokens The purpose of this research is to identify the basic characteristics and better understanding of the factors affecting the pricing of these tokens in meta synthesis method Which is done by using Sandelowski's seven steps and by searching the title, abstract and main text of the sources in the databases that were provided until September 2023. In total, among the 86 sources found, 35 researches reached the content acceptance stage. This research is one of the first researches that has identified the factors affecting the pricing of non- fungible tokens, while so far these factors have not been presented using the meta synthesis method. The results indicate that 30 factors are effective in the pricing of Non-fungible tokens, which are categorized into six components and two main groups. The validity of this research has been explained by explaining the steps and using the critical assessment skills program method, and the reliability was measured and confirmed using the intraclass correlation method.

In recent years, the Industrial Internet and Industry 4.0 came into being. With the development of modern industrial intelligent manufacturing technology, digital twins, Web3 and many other digital entity applications are also proposed. These applications apply architectures such as distributed learning, resource sharing, and arithmetic trading, which make high demands on identity authentication, asset authentication, resource addressing, and service location. Therefore, an efficient, secure, and trustworthy Industrial Internet identity resolution system is needed. However, most of the traditional identity resolution systems follow DNS architecture or tree structure, which has the risk of a single point of failure and DDoS attack. And they cannot guarantee the security and privacy of digital identity, personal assets, and device information. So we consider a decentralized approach for identity management, identity authentication, and asset verification. In this paper, we propose a distributed trusted active identity resolution system based on the inter-planetary file system (IPFS) and non-fungible token (NFT), which can provide distributed identity resolution services. And we have designed the system architecture, identity service process, load balancing strategy and smart contract service. In addition, we use Jmeter to verify the performance of the system, and the results show that the system has good high concurrent performance and robustness.

NFTs (non-fungible tokens) enable the commercialization of goods and services through blockchain technology, enhancing the security, transparency, and speed of transactions. The primary challenge NFTs face is their connection to the underlying asset, ensuring that transferring the token also means transferring the linked asset. This interdisciplinary article examines the technical and legal challenges of creating and linking a digital asset to an NFT. To explain the binding process, an NFT associated with a digital artwork was created, and relevant internal and uniform legal regulations were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Locus: Penelitian dan Pengabdian is the property of Riviera Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Media & Cultural Studies is the property of Journal of Media & Cultural Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Art Vision is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A non-fungible token or NFT is a digital asset that is based on the use of blockchain technology to store digital artwork as an investment tool; it has increased the growth of digital trading, especially in marketplaces with huge volumes. However, the regulations in Indonesia have not been able to respond to the aboveconcept, for example, in the aspects of copyright. The article conducts an in-depth analysis of the above concept by determining the extent to which the utilization of NFT in the marketplace in Indonesia can provide economic benefits. It explores whether current regulations on copyright in Indonesia can provide legal protection and optimize NFT technology. The research usesthe normative legal approach by conducting online library data research. The end of this research is to make inputs into government policies: first, it is expected to draw the attention of government that utilization of NFT in the marketplace are needed today because it can provide economic benefits through its copyright. It would encourage policy and regulatory optimization by the government on NFT technology to be able to provide optimal regulatory or policy directions so that the use of NFTs is in line with copyright protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain Technology (BCT) offers several possible applications in the field of electronic commerce (e-commerce), such as decentralised marketplaces or payments in cryptocurrencies. Even though these applications of BCT have already been explored in the academic literature, a comprehensive collection along the whole e-commerce value chain is still missing. Furthermore, the existing comprehensive reviews are based on the academic literature whilst the evolution and further development of BCT is highly driven by practitioners. Therefore, we aim to understand how and why BCT is used in e-commerce based on a qualitative content analysis of news articles, i.e., we apply scientific methods to content which reports the latest developments in the field. As a result, we describe the multiple application domains of BCT along the e-commerce value chain. Subsequently, we discuss the main underlying principles of BCT usage across all the value chain steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research is the property of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the information age, electronic documents (e-documents) have become a popular alternative to paper documents due to their lower costs, higher dissemination rates, and ease of knowledge sharing. However, digital copyright infringements occur frequently due to the ease of copying, which not only infringes on the rights of creators but also weakens their creative enthusiasm. Therefore, it is crucial to establish an e-document sharing system that enforces copyright protection. However, the existing centralized system has outstanding vulnerabilities, and the plagiarism detection algorithm used cannot fully detect the context, semantics, style, and other factors of the text. Digital watermark technology is only used as a means of infringement tracing. This paper proposes a decentralized framework for e-document sharing based on decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) and non-fungible token (NFT) in blockchain. The use of blockchain as a distributed credit base resolves the vulnerabilities inherent in traditional centralized systems. The e-document evaluation and plagiarism detection mechanisms based on the DAO model effectively address challenges in comprehensive text information checks, thereby promoting the enhancement of e-document quality. The mechanism for protecting and circulating e-document copyrights using NFT technology ensures effective safeguarding of users' e-document copyrights and facilitates e-document sharing. Moreover, recognizing the security issues within the DAO governance mechanism, we introduce an innovative optimization solution. Through experimentation, we validate the enhanced security of the optimized governance mechanism, reducing manipulation risks by up to 51%. Additionally, by utilizing evolutionary game analysis to deduce the equilibrium strategies of the framework, we discovered that adjusting the reward and penalty parameters of the incentive mechanism motivates creators to generate superior quality and unique e-documents, while evaluators are more likely to engage in assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]