Search

This paper responds to suggestions that the standard approach to collective neutrino oscillations leaves out potentially important quantum many-body correlations. Arguments in favor of this idea have been based on calculations that, on close scrutiny, offer no evidence either way. Inadequacies of the usual quantum-kinetic formalism are not currently supported by the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant challenge in measurements of neutrino oscillations is reconstructing the incoming neutrino energies. While modern fully-active tracking calorimeters such as liquid argon time projection chambers in principle allow the measurement of all final state particles above some detection threshold, undetected neutrons remain a considerable source of missing energy with little to no data constraining their production rates and kinematics. We present the first demonstration of tagging neutrino-induced neutrons in liquid argon time projection chambers using secondary protons emitted from neutron-argon interactions in the MicroBooNE detector. We describe the method developed to identify neutrino-induced neutrons and demonstrate its performance using neutrons produced in muon-neutrino charged current interactions. The method is validated using a small subset of MicroBooNE's total dataset. The selection yields a sample with 60 % of selected tracks corresponding to neutron-induced secondary protons. At this purity, the integrated efficiency is 8.4% for neutrons that produce a detectable proton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of neutrino oscillation at accelerators is limited by systematic uncertainties, in particular on the neutrino flux, cross section, and energy estimates. These systematic uncertainties could be eliminated by a novel experimental technique: neutrino tagging. This technique relies on a new type of neutrino beamline and its associated instrumentation which would enable the kinematic reconstruction of the neutrinos produced in and decays. This article presents a proof-of-concept study for such a tagged beamline, aiming to serve a long-baseline neutrino experiment exploiting a megaton scale natural water Cherenkov detector. After optimising the target and the beamline optics to first order, a complete Monte Carlo simulation of the beamline has been performed. The results show that the beamline provides a meson beam compatible with the operation of the spectrometer, and delivers a neutrino flux sufficient to collect neutrino samples with a size comparable with similar experiments and with other un-tagged long-baseline neutrino experimental proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore the implications of U (1) L e − L α gauge symmetries, where α = τ , μ , in the neutrino sector through type-(I+II) seesaw mechanisms. To achieve such a hybrid framework, we include a scalar triplet and three right-handed neutrinos. The model can successfully account for the active neutrino masses, mixing angles, mass squared differences, and the CP-violating phase within the 3 σ bounds of NuFit v5.2 neutrino oscillation data. The presence of a new gauge boson at the MeV scale provides an explanation for the muon and electron (g − 2) within the confines of their experimental limits. Furthermore, we scrutinize the proposed models in the context of upcoming long-baseline neutrino experiments such as DUNE, P2SO, T2HK, and T2HKK. The findings reveal that P2SO and T2HK have the ability to probe both models in their 5 σ -allowed oscillation parameter region, whereas DUNE and T2HKK can conclusively test only the model with U (1) L e − L μ -symmetry within the 5 σ parameter space if the true values of the oscillation parameters remain consistent with NuFit v5.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, first of all, a number of hidden aspects of the concept of particle oscillations are analyzed. The key element of this concept, which does not comply with the principle of least action, is the notion of a mixture of particles, introduced by Gell–Mann, and Pais for neutral K$K$‐mesons. It is proven that the law of conservation of energy‐momentum in the processes of electron neutrino production does not allow solving the problem of solar neutrinos based on the assumption of Gribov and Pontecorvo about their oscillations. It is established that the consequences of Wolfenstein's equation contradict the results of the SNO and Super‐Kamiokande collaborations and that the assertion by Mikheev and Smirnov on the conversion of solar neutrinos is erroneous. Another part of the work is devoted to a logically clear solution to this problem based on the hypothesis of the existence of a new interaction, the carrier of which is a massless pseudoscalar boson, which has a Yukawa coupling with electron neutrinos and nucleons. At each act of interaction of an electron neutrino with the nucleons of the Sun, caused by such interaction, the handedness of the neutrino changes from left to right and vice versa, and also the neutrino energy decreases. The hypothesis provides good agreement between the theoretical and experimental values of the rates of all five observed processes with solar neutrinos. This serves as a significant criterion for both the confidence of such a solution to the problem of solar neutrinos and the confidence of the existence of a new interaction. The problem of solar neutrinos discovered by Davis allows for one of two fundamentally different solutions. The neutrino oscillation assumption, put forward by Gribov and Pontecorvo, considers electron neutrinos as mixtures of two new massive neutrinos. The notion of a mixture of particles, introduced earlier by Gell–Mann, and Pais, contradicts the principles of classical logic. The Gribov–Pontecorvo assumption is not confirmed by numbers reflecting a comparison of theoretical and experimental results for each of the five observed processes with solar neutrinos. Another solution is based on the hypothesis about the existence of a new interaction involving electron neutrinos and nucleons. In its implementation, logically clear methods of classical quantum field theory are used. The obtained good agreement between theoretical and experimental numbers for all five observed processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Hermitian matrix can be parametrized by a set consisting of its determinant and the eigenvalues of its submatrices. We established a group of equations which connect these variables with the mixing parameters of diagonalization. These equations are simple in structure and manifestly invariant in form under the symmetry operations of dilatation, translation, rephasing, and permutation. When applied to the problem of neutrino oscillation in matter, they produced two new "matter invariants" which are confirmed by available data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) and axions are arguably the most compelling dark matter (DM) candidates in the literature. Here, we consider a model where the Peccei–Quinn (PQ) symmetry solves the strong CP problem, generates radiatively Dirac neutrino masses and gives origin to a multicomponent dark sector. Specifically, scotogenic Dirac neutrino masses arise at one-loop level. The lightest fermionic mediator acts as the second DM candidate due to a residual Z 2 symmetry resulting from the PQ symmetry breaking. The WIMP DM component resembles the well-known singlet–doublet fermion DM. While the lower WIMP dark mass region is usually excluded, our model reopens that portion of the parameter space (for DM masses below ≲ 1 0 0 GeV). Therefore, we perform a phenomenological analysis that addresses the constraints from direct searches of DM, neutrino oscillation data and charged lepton flavor violating processes. The model can be tested in future facilities where neutrino telescopes search for DM annihilation into Standard Model particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DUNE is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. It is expected to measure, with unprecedented precision, the atmospheric oscillation parameters, including the CP-violating phase δ C P . Moreover, several studies have suggested that its unique features should allow DUNE to probe several new physics scenarios. In this work, we explore the performances of the DUNE far detector in constraining new physics if a high-energy neutrino flux is employed (HE-DUNE). We take into account three different scenarios: Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV), Long-Range Forces (LRFs) and Large Extra Dimensions (LEDs). Our results show that HE-DUNE should be able to set bounds competitive to the current ones and, in particular, it can outperform the standard DUNE capabilities in constraining CPT-even LIV parameters and the compactification radius R E D of the LED model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Borexino experiment has developed, in its 32 years of activity, techniques and methods that allow for unprecedented radiopurity levels, which continue to be the current state of the art. These pioneering techniques and methods represent a new standard for ultra-low-background physics, a legacy that Borexino leaves to future experiments studying low-energy neutrinos and searching for rare events with detectors operating deep underground. The Borexino experiment leaves an equally influential scientific legacy with its discoveries and precise measurements of the nuclear processes that cause the Sun and stars to shine. Thanks to its unparalleled low background in the energy window of ∼150 keV to ∼15 MeV, the Borexino experiment also has contributed significantly to the understanding of neutrino oscillations with the observation of the energy-dependent matter to vacuum-dominated flavor conversion probability of solar neutrinos. Along with this textbook-quality body of solar neutrino results, the Borexino experiment has contributed to the study of the Earth's mantle radioactivity with background-free measurements of geoneutrinos. This article presents an overview of the long-lasting Borexino results and of the experimental efforts required to achieve them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the phenomenological implications of two minor zeros in neutrino mass matrix using trimaximal mixing matrix. In this context, we analyzed 15 possible cases of two minor zeros in neutrino mass matrix and found only two cases, namely, class A 1 and class A 2 , that are compatible with the present neutrino oscillation data. We present correlations of several neutrino oscillation parameters and give prediction of the total neutrino mass, the values of effective Majorana mass, the effective electron anti-neutrino mass and CP violating Majorana phases for these two classes. We also explore the degree of fine tuning in the elements of neutrino mass matrix for the allowed classes. Moreover, we propose a flavor model within the seesaw model along with Z 8 symmetry group that can generate such classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study neutrino spin oscillations while the particles scatter off a rotating black hole surrounded by a thick magnetized accretion disk. Neutrino spin precession is caused by the interaction of the neutrino magnetic moment with the magnetic field in the disk which has both toroidal and poloidal components. Our calculation of the observed neutrino fluxes, accounting for spin oscillations, are based on numerical simulations of the propagation of a great number of incoming test particles using High Performance Parallel Computing. The obtained results significantly improve our previous findings. We briefly discuss the applications for the observations of astrophysical neutrinos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Pauli's hypothesis of their existence in 1930, neutrinos never ceased to bring into play novel ideas and to add new pieces of physics in the whole picture of fundamental interactions. They are only weakly interacting and, at odds with Standard Model's predictions, have a mass less than one millionth of the electron mass, which makes the investigation of their properties very challenging. The issue of the measurement of neutrino's rest mass gained a wider and wider consensus since its discovery through neutrino oscillations in 1998. Various neutrino sources are available for experiments, ranging from nuclear collisions of cosmic rays in the Earth atmosphere and supernova explosions to neutrino beams produced by accelerators and power reactors. These suggest different approaches to the experimental detection and measurement of the absolute value of the neutrino mass. In this paper, we retrace the intriguing story of this endeavor, focusing mainly on direct mass determination methods. The puzzling issue of the nature of massive neutrinos is addressed as well with explicit reference to the phenomenon of double beta-decay as a viable experimental tool to discriminate between Dirac's and Majorana's nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A core-collapse supernova (SN) releases almost all of its energy in the form of neutrinos, which provide a unique opportunity to probe the working machinery of an SN. These sites are prone to neutrino–neutrino refractive effects, which can lead to fascinating collective flavour oscillations among neutrinos. This causes rapid neutrino flavour conversions deep inside the SN even for suppressed mixing angles, with intriguing consequences for the explosion mechanism as well as nucleosynthesis. We review the physics of collective oscillations of neutrinos—both slow and fast—along with the well-known resonant flavour conversion effects and discuss the current state-of-the-art of the field. Furthermore, we discuss how neutrinos from an SN can be used to probe novel particle physics properties, extreme values of which are otherwise inaccessible in laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image decomposition plays a crucial role in various computer vision tasks, enabling the analysis and manipulation of visual content at a fundamental level. Overlapping and sparse images pose unique challenges for decomposition algorithms due to the scarcity of meaningful information to extract components. Here, we present a solution based on deep learning to accurately extract individual objects within multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with a direct application to the decomposition of overlaid elementary particles obtained from imaging detectors. Our approach allows us to identify and measure independent particles at the vertex of neutrino interactions, where one expects to observe images with indiscernible overlapping charged particles. By decomposing the image of the detector activity at the vertex through deep learning, we infer the kinematic parameters of the low-momentum particles and enhance the reconstructed energy resolution of the neutrino event. Finally, we combine our approach with a fully-differentiable generative model to improve the image decomposition further and the resolution of the measured parameters. This improvement is crucial to search for asymmetries between matter and antimatter. The paper addresses the task of extracting individual objects from multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with valuable impact in high-energy physics (future high-precision long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments). The developed tool will allow to reduce systematic errors and avoid model dependence, improving the neutrino energy resolution and sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, a concept known as μ TRISTAN, which involves the acceleration of μ + , has been proposed. This initiative has led to considerations of a new design for a neutrino factory. Additionally, leveraging the polarization of μ + , measurements of T violation in neutrino oscillations are also being explored. In this paper, we present analytical expressions for T violation in neutrino oscillations within the framework of standard three-flavor neutrino oscillations, a scenario involving nonstandard interactions, and a case of unitarity violation. We point out that examining the energy spectrum of T violation may be useful for probing new physics effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equations for two and three scalar fields, which allow localized solutions with beatings of coupled oscillators, have been presented. The amplitude of oscillations of a localized perturbation for one field decreases periodically gradually to a minimum and the amplitudes of the other scalar fields increase to a maximum; then, the reverse process occurs. In this case, all fields except for one are initially either in the state of a background solution with a small amplitude or equal to zero. Such solutions can be interesting due to analogy with neutrino oscillations. Equations of motion, where the perturbation of one of the components is obligatorily accompanied by the perturbation of the second and third components even in zeroth background state, have also been presented. It has been shown that these equations satisfy the energy conservation law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-baseline neutrino experiments represent the optimal platforms for probing the lepton Yukawa sector of the Standard Model, and significant experiments are either under construction or in the planning stages. This review delves into the scientific motivations behind these facilities, which stem from the pivotal 2012 discovery of the θ 13 mixing angle. We provide an overview of the two ongoing projects, DUNE and HyperKamiokande, detailing their physics potential and the technical hurdles they face. Furthermore, we briefly examine proposals for forthcoming endeavors and innovative concepts that could push beyond conventional Superbeam technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a combined analysis of muon neutrino and antineutrino charged-current cross sections at kinematics of relevance for the T2K, MINERvA and MicroBooNE experiments. We analyze the sum, difference and asymmetry of neutrino versus antineutrino cross sections in order to get a better understanding of the nuclear effects involved in these processes. Nuclear models based on the superscaling behavior and the relativistic mean field theory are applied, covering a wide range of kinematics, from hundreds of MeV to several GeV, and the relevant nuclear regimes, i.e., from quasileastic reactions to deep inelastic scattering processes. The NEUT neutrino-interaction event generator, used in neutrino oscillation experiments, is also applied to the analysis of the quasielastic channel via local Fermi gas and spectral function approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oscillations of ultra-relativistic neutrinos are realized by the propagation of assumed zero-mass on-shell neutrinos with the speed of light in vacuum combined with the phase modulation by the small mass term exp [ - i (m ν k 2 / 2 | p → |) τ ] with a time parameter τ . This picture is realized in the first quantization by the mass expansion and in field theory by the use of δ (x 0 - y 0 - τ) ⟨ 0 | T ⋆ ν Lk (x) ν Lk (y) ¯ | 0 ⟩ with the neutrino mass eigenstates ν Lk and a finite positive τ after the contour integral of the propagating neutrino energies. By noting that the conventional detectors are insensitive to neutrino masses, the measured energy-momenta of the initial and final states with assumed zero-mass neutrinos are conserved. The propagating neutrinos preserve the three-momentum in this sense but the energies of the massive neutrinos are conserved up to uncertainty relations and thus leading to oscillations. Conceptual complications in the case of Majorana neutrinos due to the charge conjugation in d = 4 are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The atmospheric muon neutrino deficit, which was possible evidence of νμ↔ντ oscillation, was reported by the Kamiokande experiment from 1988. Many experimental efforts were made to examine the Kamiokande results. Experiments which contributed to the confirmation of νμ↔ντ oscillation are reviewed. Especially, long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiments are described in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When Professor Masatoshi Koshiba proposed the Kamiokande experiment, the main motivation was the search for proton decays. However, it should be remembered that other physics topics were also considered. One of them was neutrino oscillation studies with atmospheric neutrinos. In this article, the atmospheric neutrino studies in Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Erzincan Binali Yildirim Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The strong mass hierarchy, flavor mixing pattern and CP violation in the quark sector have been long-standing puzzles in the Standard Model. Thanks to the elegant neutrino oscillation experiments in the past few decades, now we know that neutrinos are massive and lepton flavor mixing is significant. The flavor puzzles have extended to the lepton sector. In this article, we explain how the idea of texture zeros applies to understand lepton flavor mixing, and emphasize that it is particularly useful for exploring the underlying dynamics or symmetries for lepton flavor mixing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of quantum field theory, we analyze the neutrino oscillations in the presence of a torsion background. We consider the Einstein–Cartan theory and we study the cases of constant torsion and of linearly time-dependent torsion. We derive new neutrino oscillation formulae which depend on the spin orientation. Indeed, the energy splitting induced by the torsion influences oscillation amplitudes and frequencies. This effect is maximal for values of torsion of the same order of the neutrino masses and for very low momenta, and disappears for large values of torsion. Moreover, neutrino oscillation is inhibited for intensities of torsion term much larger than neutrino masses and momentum. The modifications induced by torsion on the C P -asymmetry are also presented. Future experiments, such as PTOLEMY, which have as a goal the analysis of the cosmological background of neutrino (which have very low momenta), can provide insights into the effect shown here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review provides a succinct overview of the basic aspects of neutrino physics. The topics covered include neutrinos in the standard model and the three-neutrino mixing scheme; the current status of neutrino oscillation measurements and what remains to be determined; the seesaw mechanisms for neutrino mass generation and the associated phenomenology, including the leptogenesis mechanism to explain the observed matter–antimatter asymmetry of the Universe; and models for the origin of the pattern of neutrino mixing and lepton masses based on discrete flavour symmetries and modular invariance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasingly precise neutrino experiments raise the hope for searching for new physics through studying the impact of Neutral Current (NC) Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) of neutrinos with matter fields. Neutrino oscillation experiments along with the Elastic Coherent ν Nucleus Scattering (CEνNS) experiments already set strong bounds on all the flavor elements of the "vector" NC NSI. However, "axial" NC NSI can hide from these experiments. We show how a DUNE-like experiment can probe these couplings by studying NC Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) events. We find that strong bounds can be set on the axial NC NSI of neutrinos with the u, d, and s quarks. We show that using both the near and far detectors, a DUNE-like experiment can significantly improve the present bounds on all the flavor elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation of conservation/violation of conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry in the leptonic sector is essential to understanding the evolution of the universe. Lorentz invariance and CPT are fundamental symmetries of nature. The violation of Lorentz invariance can also lead to CPT violations. The standard three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework presents a scenario for observing the signature of Lorentz invariance and CP violations. This work focuses on the effect of Lorentz invariance-violating parameters on the sensitivity to CP violation. We investigate the sensitivity in two proposed configurations of the upcoming T2HK experiment: (i) one detector each placed at 295 km and 1100 km, and (ii) two identical detectors at 295 km. This study probes the effect of CPT-violating parameters a e μ , a e τ , a μ τ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using fuel campaign data from the third unit of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant, it has been shown that the inclusion of the detailed geometry of the reactor, its finite dimensions, and the distributions of the energy release and the fuel composition in the reactor core results in the appearance of inhomogeneity in the calculated antineutrino flux from it. This inhomogeneity is particularly pronounced at distances comparable with the dimensions of the reactor core. The detailed calculation gives a higher antineutrino flux at such distances than simplified models and indicates the directional dependence of the flux. This can noticeably affect measurements of the oscillation parameters and for neutrino detectors used to search for transitions of neutrinos to a sterile state at small distances from the reactor. It has been shown that not only a change in the isotopic composition of the fuel but also the variation of the energy release distribution in the reactor core can be evaluated from the variation of the count rate of a neutrino detector in specific directions to the reactor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nambu Quantum Mechanics, proposed in Phys. Lett. B536, 305 (2002), is a deformation of canonical Quantum Mechanics in which the manifold over which the "phase" of an energy eigenstate time evolves is modified. This generalization affects oscillation and interference phenomena through the introduction of two deformation parameters that quantify the extent of deviation from canonical Quantum Mechanics. In this paper, we constrain these parameters utilizing atmospheric neutrino oscillation data, and B0- B 0 ¯ oscillation data from Belle. Surprisingly, the bound from atmospheric neutrinos is stronger than the bound from Belle. Various features of Nambu Quantum Mechanics are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum simulation provides a computationally feasible approach to model and study many problems in chemistry, condensed-matter physics, or high-energy physics where quantum phenomenon defines the systems behavior. In high-energy physics, quite a few possible applications are investigated in the context of gauge theories and their application to dynamic problems, topological problems, high-baryon density configurations, or collective neutrino oscillations. In particular, schemes for simulating neutrino oscillations are proposed using a quantum walk framework. In this study, we approach the problem of simulating neutrino oscillation from the perspective of open quantum systems by treating the position space of quantum walk as environment. We have obtained the recurrence relation for Kraus operator which is used to represent the dynamics of the neutrino flavor change in the form of reduced coin states. We establish a connection between the dynamics of reduced coin state and neutrino phenomenology, enabling one to fix the simulation parameters for a given neutrino experiment and reduces the need for extended position space to simulate neutrino oscillations. We have also studied the behavior of linear entropy as a measure of entanglement between different flavors in the same framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of a violation of the Charge-Parity (CP) symmetry in the laws of physics is one of the cornerstone conditions for the generation of a matter–antimatter imbalance necessary to the creation of a matter-dominated universe. The first experimental evidence of the fact that this symmetry is broken in nature was obtained in 1964 in the observations of the decays of neutral kaon mesons. The magnitude of CP violation in the quark sector was measured with an increasing precision exploring also decays of other mesons. However, CP violation in the quark sector alone is not sufficient to explain the formation of matter-dominated universe, and additional sources are required. One such potential source is the lepton sector, where the CP violation could be observed by studying neutrino oscillations with neutrino beams generated by particle accelerators. This article reviews the present efforts in this direction. The results obtained in the ongoing experiments, T2K in Japan and NOvA in USA, are discussed. Additionally, the search for leptonic CP violation is one of the key goals in the programs of future experiments, DUNE in USA and Hyper-Kamiokande in Japan. These experiments and their prospects for its discovery are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) to probe Beyond Standard Model physics in the neutrino sector. Recently, the abundances of primordially produced light elements D and He-4 were determined from observations with better accuracy. The good agreement between the theoretically predicted abundances of primordially produced light elements and those derived from observations allows us to update the BBN constraints on Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics. We provide numerical analysis of several BSM models of BBN and obtain precise cosmological constraints and indications for new neutrino physics. Namely, we derive more stringent BBN constraints on electron neutrino–sterile neutrino oscillations corresponding to 1 % uncertainty of the observational determination of the primordial He-4. The cosmological constraints are obtained both for the zero and non-zero cases of the initial population of the sterile neutrino state. Then, in a degenerate BBN model with neutrino ν e ↔ ν s oscillations, we analyze the change in the cosmological constraints in case lepton asymmetry L is big enough to suppress oscillations. We obtain constraints on the lepton asymmetry L. We discuss a possible solution to the dark radiation problem in degenerate BBN models with ν e ↔ ν s oscillations in case L is large enough to suppress neutrino oscillations during the BBN epoch. Interestingly, the required value of L for solving the DR problem is close to the value of L indicated by the EMPRESS experiment, and also it is close to the value of lepton asymmetry that is necessary to relax Hubble tension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document contains articles from the AAPPS Bulletin that cover a range of topics in physics. The first article discusses collective neutrino oscillations, which is when neutrinos change types at high densities. This has implications for studying supernovae and the creation of elements. The second article discusses the recent detection of ultra-long wavelength gravitational waves, which opens up new possibilities in gravitational wave astronomy. The third article provides updates on various physics-related organizations and initiatives, including the financial status, awards, and upcoming events of the AAPPS Council. It also highlights the Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz, and Anne L'Huillier for their work on attosecond light. The second part of the text focuses on Malaysia's Quantum Science and Technology Initiative, highlighting the development of quantum communication, quantum information, and quantum computing technologies in Malaysian universities and research centers. [Extracted from the article]

We analyze the radiative stability of the next-to-tribimaximal mixings (NTBM) with the variation of the SUSY breaking scale ( m S ) in MSSM, for both normal ordering (NO) and inverted ordering (IO) at the fixed input value of the seesaw scale M R = 1 0 15 GeV and two different values of tan β. All the neutrino oscillation parameters receive varying radiative corrections irrespective of the m S values at the electroweak scale, which are all within the 3 σ range of the latest global fit data at a low value of tan β. NO is found to be more stable than IO for all four different NTBM mixing patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrino physics is one of the most important topics in particle physics and cosmology. As it is known, neutrinos are weakly interacting fundamental particles with chargeless and very small masses. One of the most characteristic features of the neutrino that make a difference from other elementary particles is that it oscillates between the mass and flavour eigenstates. Due to these oscillations, neutrinos change from one flavour to another. So far in theory the possible effects of deformed space-time effects on oscillation have not been considered. In this study, we show for the first time that a deformed space-time metric will lead to fractional dynamics between mass and flavour changes and therefore cause a phase shift in the oscillation period. We also shortly discuss the possible relation between anomalous cyclic and relic neutrinos. The modification in the oscillation probabilities due to the studied effect in this work could be seen using relic neutrinos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we study the neutrino mixing sum rules arising from discrete symmetries and the class of Littlest Seesaw (LS) neutrino models. These symmetry-based approaches all offer predictions for the cosine of the leptonic CP phase  cos δ  in terms of the mixing angles,  θ 13 ,  θ 12 ,  θ 23 , while the LS models also predict the sine of the leptonic CP phase  sin δ , as well as making other predictions. In particular, we study the solar neutrino mixing sum rules, arising from charged lepton corrections to tri-bimaximal (TB), bimaximal (BM), golden ratio (GR) and hexagonal (HEX) neutrino mixing, and the atmospheric neutrino mixing sum rules, arising from preserving one of the columns of these types of mixing—for example, the first or second column of the TB mixing matrix (TM1 or TM2)—and we confront them with an up-to-date global fit of the neutrino oscillation data. We show that some mixing sum rules, such as an atmospheric neutrino mixing sum rule arising from a version of neutrino golden ratio mixing (GRa1), are already excluded at 3 σ , and we determine the remaining models allowed by the data. We also consider the more predictive LS models (which obey the TM1 sum rules and offer further predictions) based on constrained sequential dominance CSD(n) with  n ≈ 3 . We compare for the first time the three cases  n = 2.5 ,  n = 3  and  n = 1 + 6 ≈ 3.45 , which are favored by theoretical models, using a new type of analysis to accurately predict the observables  θ 12 ,  θ 23  and  δ. We study all the above approaches, solar and atmospheric mixing sum rules and LS models, together so that they may be compared and to give an up-to-date analysis of the predictions of all of these possibilities, when confronted with the most recent global fits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The time–energy uncertainty relation (TEUR) plays a fundamental role in quantum mechanics, as it allows the grasping of peculiar aspects of a variety of phenomena based on very general principles and symmetries of the theory. Using the Mandelstam–Tamm method, TEUR has recently been derived for neutrino oscillations by connecting the uncertainty in neutrino energy with the characteristic timescale of oscillations. Interestingly, the suggested interpretation of neutrinos as unstable-like particles has proved to naturally emerge in this context. Further aspects were later discussed in semiclassical gravity theory, by computing corrections to the neutrino energy uncertainty in a generic stationary curved spacetime, and in quantum field theory, where the clock observable turns out to be identified with the non-conserved flavor charge operator. In the present work, we give an overview on the above achievements. In particular, we analyze the implications of TEUR and explore the impact of gravitational and non-relativistic effects on the standard condition for neutrino oscillations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate that the Finite-Time-Path Field Theory is an adequate tool for calculating neutrino oscillations. We apply this theory using a mass-mixing Lagrangian which involves the correct Dirac spin and chirality structure and a Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS)-like mixing matrix. The model is exactly solvable. The Dyson–Schwinger equations transform propagators of the input free (massless) flavor neutrinos into a linear combination of oscillating (massive) neutrinos. The results are consistent with the predictions of the PMNS matrix while allowing for extrapolation to early times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the generation of a baryon asymmetry in an extension of the Standard Model with two singlet Majorana fermions that are degenerate above the electroweak phase transition. The model can explain neutrino masses as well as the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry, for masses of the heavy singlets below the electroweak scale. The only physical CP violating phases in the model are those in the PMNS mixing matrix, i.e. the Dirac phase and a Majorana phase that enter light neutrino observables. We present an accurate analytic approximation for the baryon asymmetry in terms of CP flavour invariants, and derive the correlations with neutrino observables. We demonstrate that the measurement of CP violation in neutrino oscillations as well as the mixings of the heavy neutral leptons with the electron, muon and tau flavours suffice to pin down the matter-antimatter asymmetry from laboratory measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In type I seesaw models, the right-handed neutrinos are typically super-heavy, consistent with the generation of baryon asymmetry via standard leptogenesis. Primordial gravitational waves of cosmological origin provides a new window to probe such high scale physics, which would otherwise be inaccessible. By considering a global U(1)B−L extension of the type I seesaw model, we explore the connection between the heaviest right-handed neutrino mass and primordial gravitational waves arising from the dynamics of global cosmic string network. As a concrete example, we study a global U(1)B−L extension of the Littlest Seesaw model, and show that the inevitable GW signals, if detectable, probe the parameter space that can accommodate neutrino oscillation data and successful leptogenesis, while respecting theoretical constraints like perturbativity of the theory. Including CMB constraints from polarization and dark radiation leaves a large region of parameter space of the model, including the best fit regions, which can be probed by GW detectors like LISA and ET in the near future. In general, the GW detectors can test high scale type I seesaw models with the heaviest right-handed neutrino mass above 2.5 × 1014 GeV, assuming the perturbativity, and 7 × 1013 GeV assuming that the coupling between the heaviest right-handed neutrino and the U(1)B−L breaking scalar is less than unity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this note we describe how to complement the neutrino evolution matrix calculated at a given energy and trajectory with additional information which allows to reliably extrapolate it to nearby energies or trajectories without repeating the full computation. Our method works for arbitrary matter density profiles, can be applied to any propagation model described by an Hamiltonian, and exactly guarantees the unitarity of the evolution matrix. As a straightforward application, we show how to enhance the calculation of the theoretical predictions for experimentally measured quantities, so that they remain accurate even in the presence of fast neutrino oscillations. Furthermore, the ability to "move around" a given energy and trajectory opens the door to precise interpolation of the oscillation amplitudes within a grid of tabulated values, with potential benefits for the computation speed of Monte-Carlo codes. We also provide a set of examples to illustrate the most prominent features of our approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]