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The primary aim of the study was to assess the role of negative affectivity, a dynamic factor, in predicting criminogenic thinking styles after considering the roles of stable personal factors, individual and family history of crime, and cognitive functioning. A secondary objective was to assess whether first-time vs. repeat Pakistani incarcerated offenders differ on criminogenic cognitions. A sample of 205 offenders incarcerated in Pakistani prisons completed self-report measures of negative affectivity, cognitive functioning, and criminogenic cognitions. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were calculated to test the study hypotheses. Findings revealed that negative affectivity factors, particularly fear, were more important for understanding criminogenic cognitive patterns as they explained a significantly larger variance over and above the individual variables, history factors, and cognitive functioning in criminogenic thinking. Further findings showed that repeat offenders scored consistently higher on criminogenic cognitions compared to first-time offenders. The findings highlight the importance of developing prevention programs incorporating cognitive behavior therapeutic strategies targeting negative affectivity and criminogenic cognitions among incarcerated offenders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite being widely assumed, the worsening impact of unpredictability on pain perception remains unclear because of conflicting empirical evidence, and a lack of systematic integration of past research findings. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the effect of unpredictability on pain perception. We also conducted meta-regression analyses to examine the moderating effect of several moderators associated with pain and unpredictability: stimulus duration, calibrated stimulus pain intensity, pain intensity expectation, controllability, anticipation delay, state and trait negative affectivity, sex/gender and age of the participants, type of unpredictability (intensity, onset, duration, location), and method of pain induction (thermal, electrical, mechanical pressure, mechanical distention). We included 73 experimental studies with adult volunteers manipulating the (un)predictability of painful stimuli and measuring perceived pain intensity and pain unpleasantness in predictable and unpredictable contexts. Because there are insufficient studies with patients, we focused on healthy volunteers. Our results did not reveal any effect of unpredictability on pain perception. However, several significant moderators were found, ie, targeted stimulus pain intensity, expected pain intensity, and state negative affectivity. Trait negative affectivity and uncontrollability showed no significant effect, presumably because of the low number of included studies. Thus, further investigation is necessary to clearly determine their role in unpredictable pain perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of socio‐economic status (SES) on child temperament and psychological symptoms was examined using a nationally representative sample in Singapore. Data were available for 2169 children from 1987 families. Caregivers' reports were obtained on children aged 4–6. SES was operationalized as an aggregation of household income per capita, parental education level and housing type. Compared to their counterparts from higher SES families, children from low‐SES families tended to exhibit (a) higher negative affectivity but lower effortful control, and (b) higher internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, children with a 'resilient' temperamental profile (i.e. low negative affectivity and high effortful control) were more likely to come from families with much higher SES, relative to children with other profiles. Children with high internalizing symptoms tended to come from low‐SES backgrounds, regardless of their externalizing symptoms. Among children with low internalizing symptoms, those with high externalizing symptoms came from lower SES backgrounds compared to those with low externalizing symptoms. Parental warmth and distress mediated the association between SES and child temperament and symptom profiles, with the exception of distress in the SES–temperament link. These findings supported the family stress model and highlighted the novel perspective of SES's influence on configurations of child temperament and symptom characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xiaoyun Li,1,&ast; Yuke Fu,2,&ast; Wanjuan Weng,1 Mowei Liu,2 Yan Li1 1Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mowei Liu, Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9L 0G2, Canada, Email moweiliu@trentu.ca Yan Li, Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, People’s Republic of China, Email liyan@shnu.edu.cnPurpose: Given that mother plays the main nurturing role in a family unit and their unique influence on children’s development, the current study aimed to examine the influence of maternal phubbing on children’s problematic media use and the independent and interactive moderating role of children’s negative affectivity and effortful control.Methods: Participants were 1986 children aged 3 to 6 years in Shanghai, China. Their mothers were asked to complete a series of questionnaires including parental phubbing scale, problematic media use measure, and child behavior questionnaire. To investigate the moderating influence of children’s negative affectivity and effortful control, hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 24.0. Simple slopes analyses and the Johnson–Neyman technique were further used to depict moderation effects.Results: Maternal phubbing was associated with higher levels of problematic media use in preschool children (β = 0.18, p < .001, [0.14, 0.22]). Children’s negative affectivity acts as a risk factor, exacerbating the adverse effects of maternal phubbing on children’s problematic media use (β = 0.05, t = 2.69, p < 0.05), whereas children’s effortful control acts as a protective factor, buffering the link between maternal phubbing and children’s problematic media use (β = − 0.10, t = − 5.00, p < 0.001).Conclusion: These results suggest that interventions seeking to promote appropriate digital development in preschoolers should take the child’s temperament into account and be complemented by active parental mediation and involvement.Keywords: maternal phubbing, problematic media use, negative affectivity, effortful control, preschoolers

Background and Objectives: Addiction is a social issue and a fundamental health challenge which the average age of its onset has decreased. Psychological factors play a key role in predisposition to drug use. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the pathway of drug use readiness, considering anxiety sensitivity and sensation seeking with the mediating role of negative affectivity among students. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study employed structural equations modeling. The statistical population comprised Lorestan University's students during the academic year 2022-2023. Three-hundred and eighty four students met the inclusion criteria and were selected using the convenience sampling method. Research tools used included Floyd et al.'s Anxiety Sensitivity Scale, Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale, Watson et al.'s Negative Affectivity Assessment, and Weed et al.'s Addiction Readiness Scale. Data analysis was conducted through structural equations modeling. Results: The findings indicated that anxiety sensitivity and excitement seeking had a direct, positive, and significant impact on drug use readiness with β=0.25 (p<0.001) and β=0.30 (p<0.001), respectively. Furthermore, anxiety sensitivity and sensation seeking were directly linked to negative affectivity with β=0.26 (p<0.001) and β=0.25 (p<0.001), respectively. Lastly, negative emotionality significantly and directly influenced the willingness to use drugs with β=0.29 (p<0.001). Conclusion: The current study findings indicated that sensation seeking, anxiety sensitivity, and negative affectivity are the significant predictors of drug use. It is recommended that experts develop therapeutic and educational programs to enhance students' awareness and coping skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the relation between interparental conflict and cortisol recovery, with child temperamental negative affectivity as the moderator. Children (n = 118) ages 9–11 years observed an argument between their parents in the lab and provided saliva samples for cortisol assays. Children also reported levels of interparental conflict, and mothers reported their child's negative affectivity. Results showed that youths with high levels of negative affectivity experienced less cortisol recovery as interparental conflict levels increased. Further, demonstrating some support for differential susceptibility, youths with higher levels of negative affectivity exhibited less recovery at high levels of parental conflict but greater recovery at low levels of parental conflict, compared to peers with lower scores on negative affectivity. We also found that children with low levels of negative affectivity exhibited greater recovery as rates of interparental conflict increased. In summary, this study sheds light on sources of variability in cortisol recovery as it relates to interparental disharmony. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal is the property of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/Aims: Bedtime procrastination (BP) is an unhealthy sleep behavior, but its relationship with Type D (distress) personality has never been examined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Type D Personality, BP, and Sleep Quality in university students. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we applied the sociodemographic sleep data form, Type D personality scale (DS-14), Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction subscales), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). All participants were divided into two groups: Type D personality and non- Type D personality. Sleep variables and scales were compared between these two groups. Additionally, correlation analysis was performed between the scales and the subdimensions of Type D personality. Results: We completed our study with 209 university students (66%, n = 138 female and 34%, n=71 male). The mean age was 22.17 ± 4.33, and 51.2% of all participants had Type D personality. Sleep quality was poor, and insomnia was more severe in participants with Type D personality. Participants with Type D personality had more delayed bedtime. Negative affectivity was associated with poor sleep quality, more severe insomnia, and BP, but social inhibition was not associated with BP. Conclusion: Clinicians should consider the negative affectivity sub-dimension of Type D personality contributing to BP behavior among university students when planning interventions to reduce BP behavior.

Abstract Objective Cenobamate is a recently approved antiseizure medication that proved to be safe and effective in randomized controlled trials. However, little is known about its impact on some areas frequently affected by epilepsy. For this reason, we explored the effects of cenobamate on cognitive performance, as well as on negative affectivity and quality of life in a sample of patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy. Methods Two prospective cohort studies were carried out. In Study 1, 32 patients (22 men and 10 women) underwent a baseline (T0) and a short‐term (T1) neuropsychological assessment after 3 months of cenobamate administration. In Study 2, 22 patients (16 men and 6 women) from the T1 sample also underwent a baseline and a follow‐up evaluation (T2) 6 months after T0. Results No significant differences were found in cognitive variables, negative affectivity, and quality of life either in Study 1 or Study 2. Similarly, based on the reliable change index, it was found that most patients showed no changes in these variables. Significance These results suggest that cenobamate is a safe antiseizure medication in terms of cognition, negative affectivity, or quality of life since no adverse events have been found after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Plain Language Summary Cenobamate is a new antiseizure medication. In patients with epilepsy, cenobamate seems to not affect cognition, anxiety, depression, or quality of life.

To better understand biology by environment interactions in early temperament, we examined whether children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; resting RSA and RSA reactivity) operated as a biological marker of differential susceptibility to maternal harsh parenting in predicting children's temperament. Participants were 133 mother–child dyads (53% male children) from families oversampled for lower income, higher life stress, and child maltreatment risk. Mothers reported harsh parenting at age 3 and children's temperament, including negative affectivity, effortful control, and surgency, at ages 3 and 4. Resting RSA was measured during a 3-min resting task. RSA reactivity was computed as a difference score between a 4-min toy cleanup task and the resting task. Results showed that the interaction between maternal harsh parenting and children's resting RSA significantly predicted negative affectivity, after controlling for sex, household income, and age 3 negative affectivity. Specifically, harsh parenting positively predicted negative affectivity among children with higher, but not lower, resting RSA. Similarly, maternal harsh parenting interacted with children's RSA reactivity to predict negative affectivity after adjusting for controls, such that harsh parenting positively predicted negative affectivity in children with higher, but not lower, RSA reactivity. These findings suggest that higher resting RSA and greater RSA reactivity may operate as markers of increased susceptibility to negative parenting in the development of negative affectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effects of infant negative affectivity (NA) and maternal and paternal depressive symptoms on fathers' and mothers' perceptions of coparenting across the first 2 years following an infant's birth. A total of 147 two‐parent families (most couples were White, married, and living together) with healthy, full‐term infants were recruited. At each time point, fathers and mothers separately reported their coparenting perceptions via the Coparenting Relationship Scale and their depressive symptoms using the depression subscale of Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised. Mothers also reported their children's NA via the Infant Behavior Questionnaire‐Revised at 3 to 12 months and the Early Child Behavior Questionnaire at 18 and 24 months. Findings from growth curve models in an actor–partner interdependence model framework suggested that among parents with higher depression, there were steeper declines in coparenting quality reported by parents and their spouses across 3–24 months. In addition, three separate two‐way interactions between variables including higher‐than‐usual parental and spousal depression, as well as higher‐than‐usual infant NA predicted poorer‐than‐usual coparenting experiences. Findings indicate that coparenting is a dynamically unfolding construct that is impacted by ongoing changes in the parents' social‐ecological niche and suggest the need to consider both parent and child characteristics, and to include spousal influences, to get a comprehensive, whole‐family understanding of levels and changes in coparenting relationships. The findings also confirm that coparenting dynamics may benefit from interventions engaging both couples and addressing multiple risk factors from both parents (e.g., depression) and children (e.g., NA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Method Results Conclusion Increasing evidence indicates discrimination is an emerging risk factor for reducing psychological well‐being. Negative affectivity is a personality trait that has been associated with discrimination. Yet, few studies to date have examined the longitudinal relationship between discrimination and personality. The current study addresses this gap by examining how general discrimination and negative affectivity influence each other longitudinally.The Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) dataset was used for the current study. The MIDUS sample (N = 4244) was predominately white (90.7%), 52% female, and had an average age of 46 years old. Individuals completed follow‐up measures 10 and 20 years after baseline. Data were analyzed using a random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model.Individuals that scored higher on trait negative affectivity also tended to score higher on perceived daily discrimination. We found general perceived discrimination at age 55 unidirectionally predicted changes in negative affectivity around retirement age, but not from age 45 to 55. In contrast, negative affectivity did not significantly predict increases in perceived discrimination at any timepoint.Our results indicate that perceived discrimination has pernicious impacts on well‐being up to a decade later and may do so by increasing an individual's tendency to experience negative emotions (i.e., negative affectivity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is initial evidence that patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) experience intrusive prospective mental images about non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). These images, in turn, are associated with the conduct of NSSI. As the negative emotional valence of intrusive images has been established across clinical disorders, negative affectivity might play a key role linking mental imagery and psychopathology. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible mediating role of symptoms of depression as a proxy for negative affectivity linking intrusive prospective imagery to psychopathology in patients diagnosed with BPD. A total of 233 participants (84 diagnosed with MDD, 66 diagnosed with BPD, 83 healthy controls) completed questionnaires on negative affectivity (BDI-II) and prospective intrusive imagery (IFES-S). Before controlling for negative affectivity, there was a positive correlation between group and intrusive prospective imagery, indicating that healthy participants displayed lower amounts of intrusive prospective images in comparison to patients diagnosed with MDD or BPD. After entering negative affectivity as a mediator, the variable group was no longer associated with intrusive prospective images; however, negative affectivity showed a strong and positive relationship with the group on one side, and intrusive prospective imagery on the other, indicating that negative affectivity mediates the association between intrusive prospective images and clinical disorders. The presented findings point towards a mediating role of negative affectivity in the manifestation of intrusive prospective imagery, not only within BPD, but also in patients with MDD. The possibility of intrusive images acting as a transdiagnostic feature, where negative affectivity and mood dysregulation are at the core of the clinical disorder, are being discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Bedtime procrastination (BP) is an unhealthy sleep behavior, but its relationship with Type D (distress) personality has never been examined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Type D Personality, BP, and Sleep Quality in university students. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we applied the sociodemographic sleep data form, Type D personality scale (DS-14), Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction subscales), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). All participants were divided into two groups: Type D personality and non-Type D personality. Sleep variables and scales were compared between these two groups. Additionally, correlation analysis was performed between the scales and the subdimensions of Type D personality. Results: We completed our study with 209 university students (66%, n = 138 female and 34%, n=71 male). The mean age was 22.17 ± 4.33, and 51.2% of the participants had Type D personality. Sleep quality was poor and insomnia was more severe in participants with Type D personality. Participants with Type D personality had more delayed bedtime. Negative affectivity was associated with poor sleep quality, more severe insomnia and BP, but social inhibition was not associated with BP. Conclusion: Clinicians should consider the negative affectivity sub-dimension of Type D personality contributing to BP behavior among university students when planning interventions to reduce BP behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cenobamate is a recently approved antiseizure medication that proved to be safe and effective in randomized controlled trials. However, little is known about its impact on some areas frequently affected by epilepsy. For this reason, we explored the effects of cenobamate on cognitive performance, as well as on negative affectivity and quality of life in a sample of patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy. Methods: Two prospective cohort studies were carried out. In Study 1, 32 patients (22 men and 10 women) underwent a baseline (T0) and a short‐term (T1) neuropsychological assessment after 3 months of cenobamate administration. In Study 2, 22 patients (16 men and 6 women) from the T1 sample also underwent a baseline and a follow‐up evaluation (T2) 6 months after T0. Results: No significant differences were found in cognitive variables, negative affectivity, and quality of life either in Study 1 or Study 2. Similarly, based on the reliable change index, it was found that most patients showed no changes in these variables. Significance: These results suggest that cenobamate is a safe antiseizure medication in terms of cognition, negative affectivity, or quality of life since no adverse events have been found after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Plain Language Summary: Cenobamate is a new antiseizure medication. In patients with epilepsy, cenobamate seems to not affect cognition, anxiety, depression, or quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social sustainability has gained popularity over the last decade, with a growing body of research calling for researchers to focus on the personal-level determinants of employee satisfaction and well-being in the pursuit of social sustainability. By using negative affectivity as a mediating mechanism and gender and passive leadership as moderators, this study examines a novel sequential mediation–moderation model that explores the relationship between unreasonable tasks and teachers' Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). It employs the Conservation of Resources (COR) and Stress as Offense to Self (SOS) paradigms as a comprehensive theoretical framework for organizational stressors and organizational behavior. A total of 415 matched questionnaire responses were collected from private school teachers in the UAE. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is conducted using AMOS 20, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) is utilized to verify the causal and moderation hypotheses, and the resulting moderated mediated conceptual model is evaluated by employing Hayes PROCESS analysis. Results demonstrate the effects of illegitimate tasks on OCB are indirect and statistically significant and are mediated through negative affectivity. The cumulative effect of illegitimate tasks and negative affectivity on OCB is magnified by the moderating effects of passive leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) can be characterized as intrusive thoughts about worries (current, past, or future), negative experiences, and self-criticism, manifesting excessively and persistently. In a transdiagnostic process, it is identified that the RNT contributes to the onset and maintenance of multiple disorders. The present study aimed to adapt the Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts Scale (PINTS) for the Brazilian context, investigating the psychometric qualities of the instrument. Method: Two studies were carried out with participants from different Brazilian states. In Study 1 (n = 258), the adaptation of PINTS and an exploratory factor analysis was performed. In Study 2 (n = 270), a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, and evidence of convergent validity was gathered. Results: Firstly, in Study 1, a unifactorial structure of the measure was indicated. Through Study 2, the unifactorial structure was corroborated, demonstrating adequate internal consistency (precision), demonstrating that PINTS positively correlated with negative affectivity (stress, anxiety, and depression) and cognitive test anxiety. Conclusion: It is concluded that PINTS exhibited satisfactory metric qualities, being a brief and easy-to-administer measure, potentially serving as a useful tool for researchers investigating maladaptive repetitive negative thinking and its correlates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We examined the development of procrastination taking an ecological approach. • Children's procrastination tendencies increased between 3 and 6 years. • Self-regulation and negative affect were related to children's procrastination. • Democratic participation parenting style was related to procrastination. • Socioeconomic status was related to older children's procrastination only. To examine the roles of self-regulation, negative affectivity, and the home environment in the development of procrastination, the current study investigated children's procrastination in relation to conscientiousness, effortful control, negative affectivity, parenting, and socioeconomic status. Parents of 3- to 6-year-olds (N = 396; 81.8% White) completed questionnaires assessing the above-mentioned variables. Children's age (β =.072), conscientiousness (β = -.512), effortful control (β = -.134), and negative affectivity (β =.269) were significantly related to children's procrastination after controlling for parenting, and socioeconomic status. Although parental democratic participation, parental education, and family income were negatively related to children's procrastination, they were not associated with procrastination after considering children's personality and temperamental variables. When children were divided into younger (3- and 4-year-olds) and older (5- and 6-year-olds) age groups, the results did not change except for parental education. Parental education was not associated with younger children's procrastination, but it was negatively associated with older children's procrastination. Self-regulation and negative affectivity were most strongly associated with early childhood procrastination compared to aspects of the home environment. Thus, procrastination might be an early emerging tendency that is closely related to personality and temperament. Future studies should continue to investigate the developmental trajectory of procrastination and explore how contextual factors influence its early and ongoing development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Sharing of knowledge and positive workplace behavior by employees are perquisites for the success of every organization. The present study realized the significance of knowledge sharing and positive behavior in a country like India where high-power distance culture is prevalent. OBJECTIVE: The present research aimed to investigate the influence of abusive supervision on knowledge hiding and employee organizational deviance. In addition mediating roles negative affectivity and employee silence were alsotested. METHODS: Data was gathered from 420 employees working in a service organization in India. SPSS vs. 23 and Amos vs. 24 were used for data analysis purposes. The techniques of SEM were applied to test the proposed hypotheses in the present research. RESULTS: The study found the positive and significant influence of abusive supervision on knowledge hiding, but the insignificant influence of abusive supervision on employee organizational deviance. The results also reflected the full mediating role of negative affectivity but the partial intervening or mediating role of employee silence between the relationships of abusive supervision with knowledge hiding and employees' organizational deviance. CONCLUSION: The study suggested the management introduce various measures to reduce abusive supervision leading to negative consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Is ongoing conscious thought spontaneous and situation-related, or is it recurrent and dependent on psychological dispositions? The answer is critical for resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) paradigms that seek to correlate neuroanatomical states with conscious mental states. The goal of the present study was to characterize individual resting state thought profiles (RSTPs) and identify the recurrent ones, i.e., that could both be predicted by personality traits and predict subsequent negative affective states. The 1779 participants had a mean age of 22.1 years, 71.8% were females, and 71.8% were undergraduates. We collected the form and content of their thoughts during a 15-min RSFC session with a computerized retrospective self-questionnaire (ReSQ 2.0). Subsamples of participants also completed online autoquestionnaires assessing their psychological maturity and trait negative affectivity (with a four-day gap on average, N = 1270) and subsequent depressive and anxious states (1.4 years later on average, N = 922). Based on the multiple correspondence and clustering analyses of the ReSQ 2.0 responses, we identified six RSTPs distinctive by their content scope, temporal orientation, empathetic concern, and emotional valence. Multivariate analyses revealed that the probability of experiencing five of the six RSTPs was predicted by trait negative affectivity interacting with psychological maturity. Among them, a negatively valenced RSTP also increased the likelihood of subsequent negative affective states, suggesting its stable and recurrent nature. Identifying recurrent RSTPs is helpful for the future understanding of RSTPs' contribution to RSFC. Additionally, it will be relevant to test whether acting on psychological maturity can alter the relationship between ongoing conscious thought and negative affectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotion dysregulation is increasingly implicated as a transdiagnostic risk factor in the etiology of mental health problems. This project aimed to explore the links between emotion regulation, negative parenting and student–teacher relationships using longitudinal and ecologically valid data. A sample of n = 209 young people enrolled in the 'Decades‐to‐Minutes' (D2M) study, based in Zurich, Switzerland, provided data from the ages of 7–20 via parent‐ and self‐report questionnaires and ecological momentary assessment. Data were analyzed using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling (DSEM). Worse student–teacher relationships predicted increased negative affectivity and emotional lability. Negative parenting practices predicted emotional lability only via their impact on student–teacher relationships. The findings point to worse student–teacher relationships as risk factors in the socioemotional development of children and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the relation of psychosocial parameters and type D personality with central sensitization in knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study included 126 patients with knee OA according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Sociodemographic variables (age, gender, education, marital status, annual income), alcohol consumption/smoking, body mass index, comorbidities, and duration of symptoms were noted. Radiographic evaluation was performed according to the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was used for clinical evaluation. Type D personality, negative affectivity, and social inhibition were evaluated using the type D Scale-14 (DS14). Central sensitization was assessed by the central sensitization inventory (CSI), while psychological status, quality of life, and sleep were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), an abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Jenkins Sleep Evaluation Scale (JSS), respectively. The effect of type D personality on study parameters including central sensitization, as well as the risk factors for the development of central sensitization were assessed by regression analyses. Patients with type D personality had higher CSI, HADS scores and lower WHOQOL-BREF scores for psychological health, social relationship, environment and general quality of life. Linear regression analysis showed that the DS14 total score has a significant positive relation with CSI (β = 0.4, p < 0.05), HADS-depression (β = 0.4, p < 0.05), HADS-anxiety (β = 0.5, p < 0.05), and HADS-total scores (β = 0.5, p < 0.05). It also had a significant negative effect on all domains of WHOQOL-BREF (p < 0.05 for all). Logistic regression analysis revealed that JSS [Odds ratio (OR) 0.83, 95% CI 0.73–0.94; p = 0.003] and negative affectivity (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65–0.94; p = 0.008) were independent risk factors for the development of central sensitization in knee OA. Type D personality has an impact on quality of life, central sensitization, and psychological health, with negative affectivity and sleep impairment serving as independent risk factors for central sensitization. While managing patients with knee OA, these intimate relationships should be taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very few studies have investigated the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) and interpersonal variables; none has particularly focused on romantic relationship satisfaction. In the context of romantic relationships, this study aimed to identify whether SPS is a risk factor (hypothesizing that traits make individuals more vulnerable to the effects of adverse environments) or a susceptibility marker (hypothesizing that traits make individuals more susceptible to the effects of both nourishing and adverse environments). To understand this, we tested whether an increased level of SPS is associated with a decreased level of romantic relationship satisfaction through negative affectivity and conflict resolution styles. Furthermore, we tested whether these proposed relationships intensified when the childhood environment was negative. A total of 206 unmarried young adults who had been in a romantic relationship for at least two years completed the measures of SPS, childhood environment, negative affectivity, conflict resolution styles, and relationship satisfaction. The results indicated that negative affectivity and negative conflict resolution styles mediated the association between SPS and satisfaction in a relationship; however, childhood environment did not moderate these relationships. These findings suggest that beyond childhood factors, SPS is an independent risk factor for developing negative outcomes in romantic relationships. This study also significantly contributes to the literature by revealing the possible mechanisms between SPS and romantic relationship satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks at the relationship between psychological contract breach and voluntary turnover among newcomers, using supervisor trustworthiness as a mediator and negative affectivity as a moderator. Relying on data from 243 newcomers, psychological contract breach was found to be negatively related to the three dimensions of supervisor trustworthiness, i.e., ability, benevolence, and integrity. Supervisor integrity further mediated a positive relationship between psychological contract breach and voluntary turnover measured 8 months later. Psychological contract breach interacted with negative affectivity such that it was less negatively related to dimensions of supervisor trustworthiness at high levels of negative affectivity. The indirect relationship of psychological contract breach to voluntary turnover as mediated by supervisor integrity was also weaker at high levels of negative affectivity. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Although research has linked children's temperament with weight outcomes, the associations between temperament and dietary outcomes, particularly energy intake, remain understudied. Furthermore, little is known about how temperament is associated with diet in the early childhood education and care (ECEC) context, which is an important environment for many children. Objectives: This study examined whether temperament is associated with mean energy intake and its day‐to‐day variability. In addition, the associations were examined separately in the contexts of home and ECEC. Methods: The study used data from 505 Finnish children from a cross‐sectional DAGIS study conducted in 2015–2016. Parents reported their child's temperament with a questionnaire and food consumption with a food record for two weekdays (outside daycare hours) and one weekend day. Early educators at an ECEC centre reported the child's food consumption during the daycare hours on the same weekdays as the parents kept food records at home. Associations were examined with linear regression models. Results: Children with higher surgency had a higher mean daily energy intake. When examined separately at home and in the ECEC centre, the association was found only in the ECEC centre. Children with higher negative affectivity had greater day‐to‐day variability in energy intake. This association, however, was not observed when examined separately at home and at the ECEC centre. Conclusions: The results indicate that temperament may shape children's energy intake. Moreover, the role of the ECEC context in children's eating may be different depending on a child's temperamental dispositions, which warrants further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The family environment is an important contextual factor for parent and child weight within families. Using an Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, the current study examined (1) the effect of child and mother temperament (i.e., negative affectivity, effortful control, and impulsivity) on mother and child weight, (2) the effect of mother eating behaviors on mother and child weight, and (3) how temperament might moderate the relationships between mother eating behaviors and mother and child weight. Methods: The sample consisted of 220 mother–child dyads with children between 4 and 6 years of age (66.8% classified as low-, 25.9% middle-, and 5.5% high-income). Mothers completed questionnaires on their own temperament and eating behaviors as well as child temperament. Weight measures were assessed in the laboratory for both mother and child. Results: Mother's negative affectivity and impulsivity were negatively related to mother's weight while children's impulsivity was positively related to children's and mother's weight. Mother's eating behaviors were also positively related to mother's weight. The interaction between child impulsivity and mother eating behaviors was significant; the association of mother eating behaviors with mother weight depended on child impulsivity. Specifically, when children had higher impulsivity, mothers had the highest weight. When children had average or lower impulsivity, mother weight was higher with higher endorsement of unhealthy eating behaviors. Conclusions: Findings suggest that after adjusting for the interdependent nature of temperament traits and weight, child impulsivity is an important factor associated with current weight for both mothers and children. Results also provide important implications for the impact children can have on their mothers. Significance: Parents and children do not exist in isolation; they respond to each other as well as other environmental and social factors. This study has provided an initial framework within the weight literature to account for how children's and their mothers' temperament traits simultaneously and independently relate to their own weight as well as to their family member's weight. Accounting for the bidirectional nature of these relationships will assist in the development of prevention programs that target the different variables within the family system that may place children and parents at greater risk for the development of obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Due to the importance of the problem for public health and the current lack of agreement between published observations regarding the type of personality that may be associated with an increased risk of cancer, a study was carried out to assess the incidence and basic demographic, social and health circumstances of the presence of type D personality and its diagnostic components in patients with colorectal cancer. Material and methods: 200 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer participated in the questionnaire study. In order to identify the final predictors influencing the incidence of type D personality and its diagnostic components, a logistic regression analysis was performed, along with verification of the parameterization using the automatic backward selection method. Results: 55% of the respondents in the study group had type D personality traits. Among the determinants influencing the incidence of type D personality, the following variables were: gender, education, satisfaction with medical care, the presence of chronic diseases and the patient’s physical fitness. 89.5% of the respondents were qualified to the negative affectivity (negatywna emocjonalność – NE) dimension, and 57.5% of the respondents met the criteria of the social inhibition (hamowanie społeczne – HS) dimension. Among the determinants influencing the incidence of the NE dimension there were the following variables: religion, financial situation and the presence of chronic diseases. The incidence of the HS dimension was influenced by the following variables: gender, education, satisfaction with medical care and the patient’s physical fitness. Conclusions: Type D personality is more common in women, among patients with lower than secondary education and among patients with chronic diseases. The NE dimension is more frequent in patients with chronic diseases, satisfied with their financial situation and declaring religious values. The HS dimension is more frequent in women and among patients with a lower than secondary education.

In the psychological science field, there is substantial interest in quantifying individual differences in self-regulatory capacity because of its transdiagnostic relevance to various forms of psychopathology. Trait disinhibition and impulsiveness are popular conceptualizations of dispositions reflecting self-regulation of behavioral and emotional responding. In the literature, these constructs are often treated interchangeably because of their shared focus on general disconstraint and a lack of direct comparisons between measures of each. The current work used structural modeling to examine conceptual and empirical differences between 2 popular operationalizations of these traits in 2 samples (Ns = 400, 308), and employed regression and dominance analyses to compare their predictive relations with criterion measures of externalizing problems and negative affectivity (NA). Impulsigenic traits were related both to externalizing problems and NA, whereas trait disinhibition was selectively associated with externalizing. In a dominance analysis, trait disinhibition exhibited complete dominance over all impulsigenic traits in predicting externalizing problems. Conversely, multiple impulsigenic traits evidenced complete dominance over trait disinhibition in prediction of NA. The current work provides evidence that (a) disinhibition and impulsigenic traits are not interchangeable, (b) disinhibition specifically indexes propensity for externalizing problems, and (c) impulsigenic traits reflect a blend of externalizing and NA that appears relevant to diverse forms of psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Meeting the unique needs of high-achieving students is particularly challenging for professional counselors. Currently, there is a paucity of research that prioritizes the needs and social--emotional development of highachieving students in accelerated curricula. This study examined the effectiveness of a modified version of the cognitive behavioral therapy for perfectionism (CBT-P) small group intervention on the perfectionism, negative affectivity, and social--emotional well-being of high-achieving students. A series of ANCOVA analyses revealed a statistically significant difference in negative affectivity and self-oriented perfectionism between treatment (n = 20) and comparison (n = 21) groups. No statistically significant difference was found regarding participants' socially prescribed perfectionism or social--emotional well-being. The modified CBT-P yielded large effects (ηp2 = .22) in reducing negative affectivity and medium effects (ηp2 = .11) in reducing self-oriented perfectionism. These findings further support this population's need for specialized school-based interventions and illuminate future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the association between household tobacco smoking status and temperament among U.S. 3–5-year-olds. A secondary analysis of 2019–2020 National Survey of Children's Health data (N = 11,100) was conducted. Temperament dimensions of effortful control (characterized by attention focusing), negative affectivity (characterized by anger and soothability), and surgency (characterized by activity level and shyness) were assessed. Weighted ordinal regression models were conducted while adjusting for child and family covariates. Approximately 13 % of children lived with smokers. Compared to children who did not live with smokers, children living with smokers displayed behaviors of poorer effortful control and were more likely to be easily distracted (AOR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.24–2.04) and less likely to keep working on tasks until finished (AOR = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.44–0.71). Children living with smokers displayed behaviors of greater negative affectivity and were at increased odds of being angry or anxious when transitioning between activities (AOR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.13–1.98) and losing their temper when things did not go their way (AOR = 1.53, 95%CI = 1.20–1.96), and were at decreased odds of calming down quickly when excited (AOR = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.42–0.70). Children living with smokers displayed behaviors of poorer surgency and were less likely to play well with others (AOR = 0.58, 95%CI = 0.45–0.76) and sit still compared to same-aged children (AOR = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.44–0.71). The NSCH uses a cross-sectional survey design; longitudinal associations and objective measures could not be assessed. However, the NSCH is nationally representative and results are generalizable to U.S. 3–5-year-olds. Findings suggest household tobacco smoking influences temperament in early childhood. Results signify the need to promote household tobacco cessation. • Household tobacco smoking is associated with temperament dimensions among children. • Poorer effortful control was observed among children living with smokers. • Greater negative affectivity was observed among children living with smokers. • Poorer surgency was observed among children living with smokers. • This information can be used to promote household tobacco cessation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The developmental origins of psychopathology begin before birth and perhaps even prior to conception. Understanding the intergenerational transmission of psychopathological risk is critical to identify sensitive windows for prevention and early intervention. Prior research demonstrates that maternal trauma history, typically assessed retrospectively, has adverse consequences for child socioemotional development. However, very few prospective studies of preconception trauma exist, and the role of preconception symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains unknown. The current study prospectively evaluates whether maternal preconception PTSD symptoms predict early childhood negative affectivity, a key dimension of temperament and predictor of later psychopathology. One hundred and eighteen women were recruited following a birth and prior to conception of the study child and were followed until the study child was 3–5 years old. Higher maternal PTSD symptoms prior to conception predicted greater child negative affectivity, adjusting for concurrent maternal depressive symptoms and sociodemographic covariates. In exploratory analyses, we found that neither maternal prenatal nor postpartum depressive symptoms or perceived stress mediated this association. These findings add to a limited prospective literature, highlighting the importance of assessing the mental health of women prior to conception and providing interventions that can disrupt the intergenerational sequelae of trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher maternal vitamin D concentration during pregnancy is associated with better child mental health. Negative affectivity, an early-emerging temperamental trait, indicates an increased risk of psychopathology. We investigated if maternal early/mid-pregnancy 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and neonatal cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with Negative affectivity in infancy. We studied term-born infants from the vitamin D Intervention in Infants study (VIDI, n = 777, follow-up rate 80%, Finland), and the Generation R Study (n = 1505, follow-up rate 40%, Netherlands). We measured maternal serum 25(OH)D at 6–27 weeks (VIDI) or 18–25 weeks (Generation R) of pregnancy, and cord blood 25(OH)D at birth (both cohorts). Caregivers rated infant Negative affectivity at 11.7 months (VIDI) or 6.5 months (Generation R) using the Revised Infant Behavior Questionnaire. Using linear regression, we tested associations between 25(OH)D and Negative affectivity adjusted for infant age, sex, season of 25(OH)D measurement, maternal age, education, smoking, and body-mass-index. Per 10 nmol/l increase in maternal early/mid-pregnancy 25(OH)D, infant Negative affectivity decreased by 0.02 standard deviations (95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.06, − 0.004) in VIDI, and 0.03 standard deviations (95% CI − 0.03, − 0.01) in Generation R. Cord blood 25(OH)D was associated with Negative affectivity in Generation R (− 0.03, 95% CI − 0.05, − 0.01), but not VIDI (0.00, 95% CI − 0.02, 0.02). Lower maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were consistently associated with higher infant Negative affectivity, while associations between cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations and Negative affectivity were less clear. Maternal vitamin D status during early- and mid-pregnancy may be linked with early-emerging differences in offspring behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biased attention toward affective cues often cooccurs with the emergence and maintenance of internalizing disorders. However, few studies have assessed whether affect‐biased attention in infancy relates to early indicators of psychopathological risk, such as negative affectivity. The current study evaluates whether negative affectivity relates to affect‐biased attention in 6‐month‐old infants. Affect‐biased attention was assessed via a free‐viewing eye‐tracking task in which infants were presented with a series of face pairs (comprised of a happy, angry, or sad face and a neutral face). Attention was quantified with metrics of both attention orienting and attention holding. Overall, infants showed no differences in attention orienting (i.e., speed of looking) or attention holding (i.e., duration of looking) toward emotional faces in comparison to the neutral face pairs. Negative affectivity, assessed via parent report, did not relate to attention orienting but was associated with biased attention toward positive, happy faces and away from threat‐cueing, angry faces in comparison to the neutral faces they were paired with. These findings suggest that negative affectivity is associated with differences in attention holding, but not initial orienting toward emotional faces; biases which have important implications for the trajectory of socioemotional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problematic internet use (PIU) has been shown to be closely associated with suicidality and self-injurious behavior (SSIB), but the mechanism to help explain this association is understudied. The aim of the present study is to test mediating effects of negative affectivity between PIU and SSIB and whether social support moderates this mediating effect. A sample of 2173 middle and high school students (M age = 14.66, SD age = 1.87) in central China were recruited. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire assessing PIU, SSIB, negative affectivity, and social support. Simple mediation analysis and moderated mediation analysis were conducted to examine the roles of negative affectivity and social support in the association between PIU and SSIB. PIU was positively associated with SSIB, and negative affectivity mediated this association (β = 0.255, Boot 95 % CI: 0.219 to 0.296). The indirect effect of negative affectivity was moderated by social support, with a stronger association between PIU and SSIB for adolescents with lower social support (β = 0.228, Boot 95 % CI: 0.178 to 0.282) than their counterparts (β = 0.098, Boot 95 % CI: 0.068 to 0.133). Cross-sectional design with self-report measures. PIU is a detrimental risk factor for SSIB, as it is associated with high negative affectivity and increased SSIB, which was more robust for adolescents with lower social support. These results highlight the importance of helping adolescents regulate negative affectivity and improving social support-based preventative interventions to reduce SSIB. • Problematic internet use was a detrimental risk factor for suicidality and self-injurious behavior. • Problematic internet use increased suicidality and self-injurious behavior via high negative affectivity. • The mediation of negative affectivity was more robust for adolescents with lower social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study was to determine the mediator and moderator roles of difficulty in emotion regulation (DER), repetitive negative thinking (RNT), and emotional invalidation (EI) in the relationship between negative affectivity (NA) and emotional distress. 384 students of University completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Repetitive Negative Thought Questionnaire (RNTQ-10), The Perceived Invalidation of Emotion Scale (PIES), the short version of Adult Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ), and also depression, anxiety and stress questionnaire (DASS-21). The data was then analyzed by AMOS and SPSS software, using the path analysis method. The results of SEM indicated that the Conceptual model of the current study is in a good fit with observed values (CFI = 0.997، NFI = 0.998، RMSE = 0.077). Path analysis showed that negative affectivity can predict anxiety and depression in both direct and indirect ways with the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation and repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, emotional invalidation moderates the relationship between negative affectivity and emotion regulation. An individual's mood traits and emotional invalidation have been shown to work together to cause anxiety and depression through difficulty in emotion regulation. Furthermore, negative affectivity (NA) Predisposes individuals to be trapped in a repetitive negative thinking cycle which makes them vulnerable to anxiety and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used a cross-sectional study design to investigate whether the mindfulness trait was a protective factor against problematic smartphone use (PSPU) of early adolescents, and whether negative affectivity and fear of missing out (FoMO) mediated this relationship. The study selected a sample of middle school students (N = 517, 46.03% males, Mage = 13.81, SD = 1.40) in China. The results of the structural equation modelling indicated that (a) mindfulness significantly and negatively predicted PSPU, (b) FoMO played a mediating role between mindfulness and PSPU, (c) negative affectivity (including depression and anxiety) played a mediating role between mindfulness and PSPU, but loneliness did not, and (d) negative affectivity and FoMO played a chain-mediated role, and depression, anxiety, and loneliness played a chain-mediated role with FoMO between mindfulness and PSPU. We discuss the possibility that high levels of mindfulness in early adolescents may reduce the short-term effects of problematic smartphone use by reducing negative emotions and FoMO and relate our results to an emphasis on the role of enhanced mindfulness in long-term internal self-regulation and well-being. Findings have implications for individuals and schools for PSPU prevention and intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To identify the psychopathological features of postpsychotic depression forming as part of the development of remission after first psychotic episodes in adolescence. Materials and methods. The study involved 56 adolescent male patients (mean age 19.7 ± 2.5 years) with postpsychotic depression (F20, F25). The study used clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, and statistical methods. Psychometric assessment of depressive symptoms used the HDRS-21 scale; suicide risk was assessed using the SSI scale. Results. Two types of postpsychotic depression were identified during formation of first remission: type 1, with a predominance of positive affectivity (58.93%, n = 33), and type 2, with predominantly negative affectivity (41.07%, n = 23). Significant differences were found in the structure of the first episode (χ2 = 7.8; p = 0.02). The average HDRS-21 score for type 1 depression was 17.49 ± 7.49, with the highest scores on the "low mood" (2.81 ± 0.83) and "mental anxiety" (2.88 ± 0.45) subscales. The mean SSI score was 7.81 ± ± 6.46. Antivital thinking was noted in 75.76% (n = 25) of patients. The average HDRS-21 score in type 2 depression was 23.68 ± 9.24, with the highest scores on the "low mood" (2.44 ± 0.73) and "work and activity" (3.19 ± 0.89) subscales. The mean SSI score was 12.30 ± 8.47. Conclusions. The study demonstrated heterogeneity in the course of postpsychotic depression following manifest psychotic episodes in adolescence. Differences in the structure of depression, which are important for therapeutic tactics and prognosis of the disease, were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of physical activity, as one of the crucial resources for maintaining and improving physical health, was diminished during the Covid-19 pandemic. Except for the impact it has on physical health, physical activity may have various psychological benefits, especially during the development period of adolescence. The current findings of physical activity show that adolescents are more physically inactive during the pandemic than usual. Also, there are increasingly negative psychological outcomes in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to explore the levels of physical activity, negative affectivity, coping and preoccupation with the pandemic in an adolescent sample. The study involved 2409 adolescents (53.5% girls, 46.5% boys) from elementary and high schools aged 10 to 19. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was applied, and information about levels of physical activity, coping and preoccupation with pandemic and isolation measures were collected. Participants answered on a Likert-type scale. Findings of this research show that on average male adolescents are more likely to engage in physical activities than females. Also, a relation of physical inactivity distress and preoccupation was obtained for adolescent girls. No similar finding was found for males. However, very high physical activity (five or more times a week) was a protective factor for coping and preoccupation with coronavirus infection. The conclusion of this research indicates that levels of physical activity have a different effect on male and female adolescents during the Covid-19 pandemic. It can be concluded that female adolescents that are less physically active are more at risk of depression, anxiety and stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is initial evidence that patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) experience intrusive prospective mental images about non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). These images, in turn, are associated with the conduct of NSSI. As the negative emotional valence of intrusive images has been established across clinical disorders, negative affectivity might play a key role linking mental imagery and psychopathology. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible mediating role of symptoms of depression as a proxy for negative affectivity linking intrusive prospective imagery to psychopathology in patients diagnosed with BPD. A total of 233 participants (84 diagnosed with MDD, 66 diagnosed with BPD, 83 healthy controls) completed questionnaires on negative affectivity (BDI-II) and prospective intrusive imagery (IFES-S). Before controlling for negative affectivity, there was a positive correlation between group and intrusive prospective imagery, indicating that healthy participants displayed lower amounts of intrusive prospective images in comparison to patients diagnosed with MDD or BPD. After entering negative affectivity as a mediator, the variable group was no longer associated with intrusive prospective images; however, negative affectivity showed a strong and positive relationship with the group on one side, and intrusive prospective imagery on the other, indicating that negative affectivity mediates the association between intrusive prospective images and clinical disorders. The presented findings point towards a mediating role of negative affectivity in the manifestation of intrusive prospective imagery, not only within BPD, but also in patients with MDD. The possibility of intrusive images acting as a transdiagnostic feature, where negative affectivity and mood dysregulation are at the core of the clinical disorder, are being discussed.

PurposeThis paper draws on conservation of resources theory to advance the literature on extra-role performance behaviors among academics, particularly innovative work behaviors and knowledge sharing, through the lens of work stressors.MethodsWe develop a moderated-mediated model based on multi-source, multi-timed, and multi-level data from a sample of 207 academics and 137 direct supervisors in five higher education institutions in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).FindingsResults show that academics’ compulsory citizenship behaviors positively influence negative affectivity, which, in turn, negatively impacts academics’ innovative work behavior and knowledge sharing. The detrimental effect of compulsory citizenship behaviors on negative affectivity is then positively moderated by passive leadership, which amplifies this relationship. The combined effect of compulsory citizenship behaviors and negative affectivity exerted on innovative work behavior and knowledge sharing are magnified amid the elevated presence of passive leadership, while gender does not significantly influence this association.OriginalityThis is a pioneering study in the context of UAE to look into the counterproductive impact of CCB on employee innovative work behaviors and knowledge sharing.ImplicationsPertinent theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Background: This study is aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of negative affectivity (NA) and sensory processing hypersensitivity (SPH) in the explanation of variations in dreams and sleep quality based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in outpatients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Methods: Mean age for women (N = 100) and men (N = 100) were 26.53 and 31.74 years, respectively. The participants responded to a demographic sheet, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales- 21 (DASS-21), the Highly Sensitive Persons Scale (HSPS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire (MADRE) measures in this study. Results: The results showed a significant positive and direct connection between NA and SPH with dreams and sleep quality. SPH in outpatients with GAD moderated the relationship of NA with dreams and sleep quality. Finally, dreams and sleep quality had significant positive relationships in this sample. Conclusion: This conceptual model for dreams and sleep quality is beneficial for developing psychotherapeutic interventions in outpatients with GAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Type D personality and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with hypertension. Methods: A total of 324 subjects with hypertension were included in the study. All of them completed questionnaires on demographic characteristics, Type D personality Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The Type D personality effect was analyzed as both dichotomous and continuous methods. Results: The incidence of MCI was 56.5% in hypertensive individuals. Type D personality presenting as a dichotomous construct was an independent risk factor of MCI (odds ratio [OR] = 2.814, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.577- 5.021, p < 0.001), after adjusting for ages, sex and some clinical factors. Meanwhile, main effect of negative affectivity component was independently related to the prevalence of MCI (OR = 1.087, 95%CI = 1.014--1.165, p = 0.019). However, associations between the main effect of social inhibition component (OR = 1.011, 95%CI = 0.924--1.107, p = 0.811) as well as the interaction of negative affectivity and social inhibition (OR = 1.013, 95%CI = 0.996-1.030, p = 0.127) with MCI were not found. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Type D personality is strongly associated with MCI in patients with hypertension. The negative affectivity component of the Type D appears to drive the correlations between Type D and MCI. These findings provide new ideas for studying the mechanisms underlying the relationship between personality and cognitive decline in hypertensive individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While research has increasingly investigated stressor-strain and adaptation relationships over time spans of months to years, surprisingly little attention has been focused on shorter mid-term stress reactions. The current research tests the repeated exposure hypothesis which predicts that stressors will produce a mid-term stress reaction; while adaptation occurs over longer timeframes and with repeated exposure. Study 1 adopted a natural experiment combined with intensive longitudinal data collection. Level change in positive affectivity (PA) and negative affectivity (NA) during and after exposure to a novel objective stressor over a 10-day period was modeled using piecewise growth modeling. Consistent with our hypotheses, results identified a decline in PA over time during stressor exposure, and a recovery after stressor cessation. Contrary to expectations, no such effect was identified for NA. Study 2 replicated results of the mid-term stress reaction in Study 1 with a novel stressor and expanded upon Study 1 by comparing the stress reaction of a second group exposed to a familiar stressor. Consistent with our hypothesis, the familiar stressor group demonstrated no stress reaction. Results support the repeated exposure hypothesis while demonstrating that the dynamics of stress reactions over the mid-term can be differential and complex. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]