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Background: Acupuncture is an effective complementary therapy for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP). Nevertheless, the utilization of acupuncture for NVP has been minimally explored in current scholarly research, with a paucity of systematic randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in it. We aim to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on NVP after assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and explore the metabolism-related mechanism of the efficacy. Methods: This single-blind, randomized, controlled trial will randomize 68 patients with NVP after ART to a traditional acupuncture (tACP) or a sham acupuncture (sACP) group. The tACP group will receive tACP thrice a week for 2 weeks with a day interval between sessions, while the sACP group will undergo the same number of nonpenetrative acupuncture at non-acupoints for the same period. Pregnancy-specific quantification of emesis will be used to evaluate symptom severity. Routine blood and urine tests, liver and kidney function tests, human chorionic gonadotropin, nuchal translucency thickness, and embryonic development measured using ultrasound will be used to evaluate safety during pregnancy. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis will be performed to explore the association between metabolic changes and clinical symptoms. Discussion: This study will elucidate the effects and safety of acupuncture in treating NVP in women undergoing ART. The results of this study will contribute to optimizing acupuncture therapies by combining the body and auricular points and exploring the underlying therapeutic mechanism using a metabolomics approach. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300075259. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Acupuncture is becoming a popular complementary treatment in pediatric cancer care for managing symptoms like nausea and vomiting that result from cancer treatments. This review aims to evaluate how effective and safe acupuncture and similar techniques are for children with cancer. By analyzing data from multiple studies, the authors found that acupuncture may help reduce nausea and vomiting in young cancer patients. However, there is not enough evidence to make conclusions about its effects on number of vomiting episodes, need for anti-nausea medication, or fatigue. More high-quality research is needed to confirm these benefits and ensure the safety of acupuncture for children undergoing cancer treatment. Background/Objectives: Oncology acupuncture is emerging as a complementary treatment in pediatric cancer care centers. It is valued for its potential to manage symptoms associated with cancer and treatment toxicities without increasing polypharmacy. The aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and related techniques in alleviating symptoms of cancer treatment in pediatric oncology patients. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across nine databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and CNKI, up to June 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials involving pediatric oncology patients undergoing needle acupuncture or related techniques. Study selection and data extraction were independently performed by pairs of authors. Results were analyzed narratively, and meta-analysis was performed when possible. Results: Results suggest that acupuncture may help manage symptoms such as nausea and vomiting in pediatric oncology patients. However, the quality of evidence was generally low, and further research is required to substantiate these findings. Conclusions: Acupuncture shows promising results as a complementary treatment for reducing nausea and vomiting in pediatric oncology. However, current evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions for other outcomes, such as the number of vomiting episodes, reduction in antiemetic medication use, or fatigue. High-quality, rigorously designed studies are necessary to better understand the clinical relevance and safety of acupuncture in this vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Palliative care, a cornerstone of comprehensive healthcare, prioritizes quality of life for individuals with life-threatening illnesses. Aromatherapy, with its holistic approach and patient-reported benefits, emerges as a promising complementary therapy for managing symptoms and enhancing well-being in palliative care. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to assess the efficacy of aromatherapy interventions in symptom management, with a focus on pain, anxiety, nausea, and sleep disturbances among palliative care patients. Design: A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases to identify relevant studies. Eligibility criteria were applied, resulting in the inclusion of eight studies for analysis. The review assessed the efficacy of aromatherapy interventions, primarily through massage, in symptom management. Variations in intervention procedures and outcome measures were noted, necessitating a critical examination of the findings. Results: The review's findings suggest promising outcomes associated with aromatherapy in palliative care. Aromatherapy interventions demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing pain, anxiety, nausea, and improving sleep quality among patients. However, considerable heterogeneity was observed across studies, highlighting the need for standardized methodologies and larger-scale trials. Conclusion: This systematic review underscores the potential of aromatherapy as a complementary intervention in palliative care. While the findings support its efficacy in symptom management, methodological inconsistencies across studies warrant further research. Standardized approaches and larger trials are essential to validate the tailored effectiveness of aromatherapy for different symptoms encountered in palliative care, ultimately enhancing its clinical utility and integration into therapeutic practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Postoperative pain management and postoperative nausea and vomiting are a persistent challenge for both health care providers and patients. Acupuncture is an effective and safe modality for the management of pain and nausea, and has the potential to play a key role in postoperative pain management. This study explores the utility and feasibility of acupuncture in the immediate postoperative setting. Methods: In a retrospective case–control study, 22 patients who underwent elective surgeries and received acupuncture in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) were compared with 88 case controls. Indications for acupuncture therapy included persistent pain, nausea, or anxiety. Patient satisfaction and symptom improvement after acupuncture were assessed. PACU nurses and patients were queried on their perspectives on using this therapy. Demographic data, perioperative opioid consumption, pain score in the PACU, incidence of postoperative nausea, PACU length of stay, and unintended hospital admission were assessed. The groups with/without acupuncture were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Results: A total of 78.9% of patients receiving acupuncture felt improvement in their symptoms. 94.7% of recovery nurses who cared for patients who received acupuncture felt that it was helpful and 78.9% did not believe it was disruptive. Patients who opted for acupuncture had a statistically significant higher overall median (interquartile range) pain score in the PACU (7.0 [5.2, 9.5] vs. 5.0 [3.0, 7.0], p = 0.009) and higher postoperative opioid consumption (22.5 [9.8, 44.8] vs. 15.0 [0.0, 30.0], p = 0. 03). There was no difference between total perioperative opioid consumption between groups (p = 0.94). Conclusions: Most patients who received acupuncture therapy in the PACU were satisfied with their therapy and would recommend it to future patients undergoing surgery. Most recovery nurses felt it was helpful, was not disruptive, and would like to see it utilized in the PACU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common adverse events in cancer patients and can negatively affect their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an electric massage chair (EMC) for the treatment of CINV. Methods: A randomized phase II cross-over trial was conducted on solid cancer patients who received moderate (MEC) to high emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). The participants were randomly assigned to receive their first chemotherapy either on a standard bed (Group A) or in an EMC (Group B) during the infusion. The patients were then crossed over to the next cycle. CINV and QoL questionnaires were collected from the participants. Results: A total of 59 patients completed the trial protocol and were included in the analysis, with 29 and 30 patients in Groups A and B, respectively. The mean INVR (Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching) score in the 2nd day of the first cycle was higher in Group B (3.63 ± 5.35) than Group A (2.76 ± 4.78), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.5367). The complete response rate showed little difference between the groups. Among the high-emetic risk subgroups, patients who received HEC (p = 0.04595), younger patients (p = 0.0108), and non-colorectal cancer patients (p = 0.0495) presented significantly lower CINV scores when EMC was applied. Conclusion: Overall, there was no significant difference in INVR scores between standard care and EMC. Applying EMC at the first chemotherapy infusion may help preserve QoL and reduce CINV in high-risk patients. Trial registration: KCT0008200, 17/02/2023, Retrospectively registered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children with life-threatening and life-limiting conditions can experience high levels of suffering due to multiple distressing symptoms that result in poor quality of life and increase risk of long-term distress in their family members. High quality symptom treatment is needed for all these children and their families, even more so at the end-of-life. In this paper, we provide evidence-based recommendations for symptom treatment in paediatric palliative patients to optimize care. Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of 56 experts in paediatric palliative care and nine (bereaved) parents was established to develop recommendations on symptom treatment in paediatric palliative care including anxiety and depression, delirium, dyspnoea, haematological symptoms, coughing, skin complaints, nausea and vomiting, neurological symptoms, pain, death rattle, fatigue, paediatric palliative sedation and forgoing hydration and nutrition. Recommendations were based on evidence from a systematic literature search, additional literature sources (such as guidelines), clinical expertise, and patient and family values. We used the GRADE methodology for appraisal of evidence. Parents were included in the guideline panel to ensure the representation of patient and family values. Results: We included a total of 18 studies that reported on the effects of specific (non) pharmacological interventions to treat symptoms in paediatric palliative care. A few of these interventions showed significant improvement in symptom relief. This evidence could only (partly) answer eight out of 27 clinical questions. We included 29 guidelines and two textbooks as additional literature to deal with lack of evidence. In total, we formulated 221 recommendations on symptom treatment in paediatric palliative care based on evidence, additional literature, clinical expertise, and patient and family values. Conclusion: Even though available evidence on symptom-related paediatric palliative care interventions has increased, there still is a paucity of evidence in paediatric palliative care. We urge for international multidisciplinary multi-institutional collaboration to perform high-quality research and contribute to the optimization of symptom relief in palliative care for all children worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auricular acupuncture (AA) has been used to manage chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, the application of the technique varies widely among the clinical trials that test its effectiveness. The aim of the present study was to develop and clinically validate an AA protocol for the management of CINV in cancer patients. This study was carried out in two stages: (1) development of the AA protocol for the management of CINV and (2) clinical validation of the protocol. The content validity of the protocol was determined by a panel of specialists, with an agreement rate ranging from 85.7% to 100%. In the clinical validation, when administered to cancer patients, the protocol developed has been shown to reduce the incidence, frequency, severity, and length of nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy, as well as the severity of nausea and anticipatory nausea following chemotherapy. This protocol needs to be tested in future studies, including a pilot study with a sham group and a randomized clinical trial, in order to further evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, safety, and clinical usefulness for the management of CINV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of ATHP-HC on the severity of nausea and vomiting, relaxation state, brainwaves, and quality of life in women with Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy (NVP). Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 62 pregnant women randomly allocated into intervention and control groups using a pre-post-test. Researchers provided ATHP-HC to the intervention group and Cirebon Gamelan audio therapy to the control group. The research instruments included PUQE-24-hour scoring, measurement of vital signs, brainwaves using NeuroSky MindWave Mobile II, and WHOQOL-BREF. The data collected were processed with SPSS version 24.0 and analyzed using the statistical formula paired t-test. Results: The results of the study showed that there were significant differences between nausea and vomiting scores (p = 0.000), relaxation levels (p = 0.003 in the intervention group and p = 0.000 in the control group), and quality of life (p = 0.000), before and after the treatment in the intervention group and the control group. There was a significant difference in the state of relaxation after the intervention in the two groups of respondents (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the proportion of increased meditation in the two groups of respondents (p = 0.707). Conclusion: As relaxation and meditation music, ATHP-HC can be a complementary therapy for pregnant women to overcome NVP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in antiemetic regimens, uncontrolled chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a problem for patients receiving oncology treatment, leading to decreased quality of life and worse treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this pilot project was to use follow-up telephone calls to identify barriers related to successful management and prevention of CINV on a single-center outpatient chemotherapy infusion unit. METHODS: A mixed-methods descriptive design was used for this project. Quantitative data were used to assess barriers to management and prevention of CINV. Secondary multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether barriers could predict CINV. Qualitative data were used to analyze common barriers and themes. FINDINGS: Of the patients called (N = 132), 50% identified a barrier to managing and treating CINV, with the most common barrier being knowledge gaps related to proper use of antiemetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Patients with cancer experience significant symptom burden. We investigated symptom severity in adolescents and young adults (18- to 39-year-olds) during the year following a cancer diagnosis and made comparisons with older adult (those older than 40 years of age) patients with cancer. Methods All Albertan residents diagnosed with a first primary neoplasm at 18 years of age or older between April 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019, and who completed at least 1 electronic patient-reported outcome questionnaire were included. Symptom severity was assessed using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-revised. Descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic modeling, and mixed logistic regression modeling were used to describe symptom severity, identify risk factors, and assess symptom trajectories, respectively. Results In total, 473 and 322 adolescents and young adults completed a patient-reported outcomes questionnaire at diagnosis and 1 year after diagnosis, respectively. Adolescent and young adult patients with cancer reported high levels of tiredness, poor well-being, and anxiety. Important risk factors included metastatic disease, female sex, treatment types received, and age at diagnosis. Symptom severity varied by clinical tumor group, with those diagnosed with sarcoma having the worst scores for all symptoms at diagnosis and patients with intrathoracic or endocrine tumors having the worst scores for all symptoms at 1 year after diagnosis. Statistically significant differences in symptom severity over the 1-year period were observed between adolescents and young adults and older adults—specifically, the odds of having moderate to severe symptoms were statistically significantly greater among adolescents and young adults with respect to pain, tiredness, nausea, depression, anxiety, and poor well-being (all P  < .01). Conclusions A substantial proportion of adolescents and young adults experience moderate to severe symptoms during the year following diagnosis. Modifying existing supportive services and developing interventions based on the needs of adolescent and young adult patients with cancer could aid symptom control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nausea and vomiting are distressing symptoms experienced by many patients receiving palliative care for serious illness. Common pharmacologic management strategies include 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, antipsychotics, antihistamines, and antimuscarinic agents; however, these agents incur risks of adverse effects. One of the most worrisome risks of commonly used antiemetics is prolonging the QT interval and the associated risk of torsades de pointes. To avoid the dangers of pharmacologic treatment of nausea and vomiting, previous studies in emergency medicine and postoperative settings suggest that inhaled isopropyl alcohol is an inexpensive, safe, and effective nonpharmacologic intervention. This case report highlights the successful use of inhaled isopropyl alcohol for managing nausea and vomiting in a patient with heart failure receiving palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Among cancer centers, patients' interest in acupuncture is growing, in addition to clinical research in the intervention. Their National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center piloted an acupuncture service. Their aim was to assess whether acupuncture impacted patient self-reported symptoms as delivered clinically and discuss their implementation strategy. Methods: Patients undergoing acupuncture at a comprehensive cancer center from June 2019 to March 2020 were asked to complete a modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) before and after each session. The authors evaluated symptom changes after acupuncture in both outpatient and inpatient settings. A change of ≥1 U, on the 0–10 scale, was considered clinically significant. Results: Three hundred and nine outpatient and 394 inpatient acupuncture sessions were provided to patients at the comprehensive cancer center during this period, of which surveys from 186 outpatient (34 patients) and 124 inpatient (57 patients) sessions were available for analysis. The highest pretreatment symptoms reported by outpatients were neuropathy (5.78), pain (5.58), and tiredness (5.59). Outpatients receiving acupuncture reported clinically significant improvements in pain (ESAS score change of −2.97), neuropathy (−2.68), decreased lack of well-being (−2.60), tiredness (−1.85), nausea (−1.83), anxiety (−1.56), activities of daily living issues (−1.32), depression (−1.23), anorexia (−1.19), insomnia (−1.14), and shortness of breath (−1.14). The most severe pretreatment symptoms reported by inpatients were pain (6.90), insomnia (6.16), and constipation (5.44). Inpatients receiving acupuncture reported clinically significant improvements in anxiety (−3.69), nausea (−3.61), insomnia (−3.26), depression (−2.98), pain (−2.77), neuropathy (−2.68), anorexia (−2.20), constipation (−1.95), and diarrhea (−1.26). Conclusion: Both outpatient and inpatient participants in this pilot acupuncture program reported clinically significant improvements in symptoms after a single acupuncture treatment. Some differences between the outpatient and inpatient settings warrant further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Studies conducted in the field of non-pharmacological interventions to control acute and delayed nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy have reported contradictory results. The present study aimed to compare the effect of ice massage and C-band on acute and delayed nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. Materials & Methods In the present clinical trial study, 105 patients referred to the chemotherapy department of Shahid Rajaei Hospital, Yasuj, Iran in 2018, were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: Ice massage, C-band, and control. Acute nausea and vomiting was assessed through the Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis, and delayed nausea and vomiting were assessed using the MASCC tool at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after chemotherapy, before and after the interventions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Findings Before intervention, there was no significant difference in terms of the presence/ absence, as well as the intensity of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting in the three groups at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after chemotherapy (p>0.05). Also, after the interventions, there was no significant difference in the presence/absence and intensity of acute and delayed nausea in the patients in the ice massage, C-band, and control groups at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after chemotherapy (p>0.05). Conclusion Ice massage and C-bandage do not improve nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cannabinoid use is increasing at an alarming rate. The easy way to procure them, the perception of their legality contributes to the increased use and popularity of synthetic cannabinoids (SC). Although laws and regulations of these substances have been implemented in many countries, the production of new types of synthetic cannabinoids it happens quickly. The primary psychoactive ingredient in cannabis is Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinoid (THC), which partially binds to cannabinoid receptors, while SC are potent and full agonists of these receptors. Increased medical interest in these substances has led to the development of various drugs based on SC: dronabinol, Marinol®, a synthetic analogue of THC, approved for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in cancer and HIV patients. This paper is a review of the bibliography and an overview of SC, their pharmacotoxicology and therapeutic use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Complementary and integrative medicine may be effective for postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effect of lemon inhalation aromatherapy on pain, nausea, and vomiting and neurovascular assessment in patients for lower extremity fracture surgery. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial study. Ninety patients who had undergone lower extremity fracture surgery were randomly assigned to the intervention (lemon aromatherapy) and control groups. Lemon aromatherapy was started in the morning of the surgery and extended at two-hour intervals until the end of the surgery, in the recovery room, and 16 h after surgery. Numerical pain and nausea and vomiting scales, the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching, and the WACHS Neurovascular Observation Chart were used to assess the outcomes before and after the intervention (in the recovery room and 4, 8, 12, and 16 h post-surgery). The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, ANCOVA, and Repeated Measure ANCOVA. Results: A significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of the intensity of pain (P < 0.001) and nausea and vomiting (P = 0.001) during the study period. Moreover, a significant difference was found between groups as to the frequency and severity of nausea, vomiting, and retching. The amount and duration of postoperative vomiting and nausea were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. In addition, lemon inhalation aromatherapy decreased the frequency of anti-emetic drug administration in the recovery room (P = 0.04) and 16 h post-surgery (P = 0.03). Conclusions: This study indicated that aromatherapy reduced pain intensity, postoperative nausea, vomiting, and retching, as well as the incidence of anti-emetic drug administration. Therefore, using lemon inhalation aromatherapy to relieve pain and reduce nausea and vomiting is suggested for lower extremity fracture patients who have undergone surgery. Trial registration: This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trail (Number = 57,331, IRCT20130616013690N10, approved 24/07/2021) (https://www.irct.ir/trial/57331). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bowel obstruction is commonly a pre-terminal event in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Management of symptoms will often be the focus rather than surgical intervention. Determining the patient's end-of-life wishes is paramount − because the prognosis for these patients can be short, advanced care planning is key. This case study will explore the management of nausea and vomiting associated with malignant bowel obstruction and demonstrate how a patient's psychological and social wellbeing is as important as managing the physical symptoms. It will discuss how skilled and effective communication is vital early in the disease trajectory in ensuring the patient's needs are met. Additionally, by undertaking a thorough holistic needs assessment, all aspects of end-of-life care can be discussed with the patient and family, which may enable the achievement of a preferred place of care and a peaceful, dignified death. Multidisciplinary working and co-ordination of care may allow for quick interventions, meeting individual needs and symptoms being managed more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to examine the effect of spirituality-based palliative care on pain, nausea, vomiting, and the quality of life in 80 Iranian colon cancer inpatients from January to June 2020 in southern Iran. Patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group took part in four 120-min sessions while the control group received standard care. Pain, nausea, vomiting, and quality of life were assessed before the intervention and one month after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Between-groups differences analysis showed a significant difference in the quality of life scores, pain score, as well as nausea and vomiting scores following the one-month intervention. In conclusion, this group spirituality-based palliative care intervention might be beneficial in improving quality of life and reducing symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the effects of auriculotherapy for the management of CINV in cancer patients. This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, AMED, Biblio Auriculo, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, BVS, MTCI Américas, Web of Science, Scopus, PEDro, CNKI, CBMdisc, and CSJD-VIP databases up to September 2021 with no language restrictions. We included 25 studies with a total of 2,167 randomized participants. The results of the included studies suggest positive effects of auriculotherapy for the control of CINV, however 92% studies presented a high risk of bias overall. In the included studies, the most used auricular acupoints in the studies were the stomach (CO4) (n = 24, 96%), shenmen (TF4) (n = 23, 92%), sympathetic nerve (AH6a) (n = 15, 60%), spleen (CO13) (n = 14, 56%), liver (CO12) (n = 11, 44%), subcortex (AT4) (n = 10, 40%), and cardia (CO3) (n = 9, 36%). It was not possible to assess the effectiveness of auriculotherapy for the management of CINV due to the great heterogeneity of the studies regarding the form of evaluating the outcome, the application of auriculotherapy, and the high risk of bias. It is suggested that robust clinical trials be conducted and reported according to the STRICTA guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nausea is a problematic side effect of childhood cancer treatment. However, it is not clear what interventions and assessments pediatric oncology nurses make when caring for a child with nausea. A person-centered approach can illuminate nausea management in pediatric care. The aim was to investigate how pediatric nurses retrieve the patient's narrative, establish partnership, and document nausea in hospitalized children with cancer. Methods: Individual interviews with nurses were conducted and analyzed using deductive content analysis with the framework of person-centered care. Results: The pediatric nurses described retrieving the patient's narrative regarding their nausea by listening to and observing the child. The pediatric nurses tried to establish a partnership with the child by allowing previous knowledge and the child's own preferences guide the interventions that focus on decreasing the child's nausea. The pediatric nurses also documented the effect of the given interventions and described the child's nausea using subjective words. When planning for the child's care it was rare for the nurses to have a documented care plan, but they did review documentation of previously administered interventions to plan for future care. Discussion: The results highlight the pediatric nurses' willingness to listen to the child, but also emphasize the need to further include the child and the parents in the partnership and documentation of nausea management. Collaboration with the child and the parents contributes to higher quality care and a partnership with trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Forum Zaburzen Metabolicznych is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Patients with cancer increasingly are using integrative therapies for self-care and management of pain or side effects from treatment. Types of integrative therapies, and the levels of intensity (tiers) for pain, nausea, impaired sleep, and cognitive function are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anaesthesiologie & Intensivmedizin is the property of DGAI e.V. - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Pregnant patients often seek natural remedies when they experience pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting (PINV). Scant evidence exists to quantify the beneficial effects of essential oil inhalation as a remedy for PINV, yet is identified as a common integrative and complementary medicine treatment, particularly during the first trimester. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the effects of aromatic essential oils on nausea, vomiting, and quality of life during the first 13 weeks of pregnancy. Methods: This was a 4-arm randomized, blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial to evaluate the potential of grapefruit, ginger, and peppermint essential oils on nausea, vomiting, and overall quality of life. Citrus paradisi is cold pressed from the citrus rind, Zingiber officinale is extracted from the root of the herb, and Mentha x piperita is extracted from the leaves of the plant. The essential oils were diluted in avocado oil for skin application. The placebo consisted of avocado oil. Participants were recruited through the research practice's database and completed the intervention in their own homes to mimic real world scenarios. Seventy-four pregnant women within their first trimester were randomized into four groups, including the placebo group. Results: Outcomes were measured using the Quantification of Emesis 24-hour scale (PUQE-24), a validated measurement of nausea, vomiting, and quality of life during pregnancy. All groups improved on all measures progressively during the trial. When placebo and intervention groups were compared, there was no significant difference between groups on sleep and nausea outcomes. Ginger essential oil was found to reduce retching and the use of aromatherapy in general improved well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study sought to explore and summarize the global state of acupuncture clinical trials enrolling cancer patients included in international registries to date.Methods: All relevant trials evaluating acupuncture-related interventions for the treatment of cancer that were registered in 16 trial registries from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2020, were identified. Subsequent publications related to these trials were additionally retrieved from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), VIP (China Science and Technology Journal Database), and Wanfang databases. We compared information included in these registries regarding completed trials with any associated publications, with a focus on study design, sample size, and selective reporting, based on the registered protocol.Results: In total, 222 eligible trials across 19 countries were identified. These trials included 17 specific cancer types and 32 symptoms. The five most common cancer types were breast cancer, head and neck cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and gastric cancer, accounting for almost half of all registered trials (48.2%). The top five symptoms included in these trials were chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), cancer-related pain, cancer-related fatigue, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), and gastrointestinal dysfunction. The overall rate of article publication was low, with publications being associated with just 33.3% of these registered trials.Conclusions: This review is the first snapshot of the landscape of acupuncture clinical trials registered in international trial registries, providing a methodological basis for the management of common treatment- and disease-related side effects among cancer patients undergoing acupuncture and offering useful information that will guide future acupuncture-focused research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare the safety and efficacy of 1 and 3mg of granisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in strabismus surgeries under general anesthesia. Settings and design This single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at the ophthalmology operating theater of Kasr Al-Ainy Hospitals. Patients and methods We recruited 210 patients and allocated them randomly to receive either granisetron 1mg (n=105) or 3mg (n=105). The two groups were compared regarding demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, and percentage of patients with no complaints of PONV during the first 24 h. Results There was no statistically significant difference upon comparison of the two groups regarding PONV (P>0.05). The two doses (1 and 3 mg) provided total control of nausea and vomiting in 46.7 and 43.8% of patients during the first 24 h postoperatively, respectively. Moreover, we found no significant difference between the two groups regarding mean values of the heart rate or mean arterial pressure both preoperatively and intraoperatively (P>0.05). However, during the postoperative 24 h, both groups had significant differences regarding mean values of heart rate and mean arterial pressure at 2-4h, 8-12 h, and 12-24 h postoperatively. Conclusions The comparison between two doses of granisetron (1 and 3 mg) showed no statistical difference regarding the total control of nausea and vomiting for 24 h postoperatively but showed a statistical difference regarding some postoperative vital sign readings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of preoperative electroacupuncture (EA) on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and severity of postoperative pain, in gynecological patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The effects of EA administered at different preoperative time points were compared. Methods: A total of 413 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomly allocated into 4 groups receiving EA the day before surgery (Group Pre, n = 103), 30 min before (Group 30, n = 104) or both (Group Comb, n = 103), or usual care alone (Group Usual, n = 103). All acupuncture groups had usual care. The incidence of PONV and pain at 24 h were primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included the severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting and pain, requirement for antiemetic medication and quality of recovery (QoR)-15 scores after surgery. Results: There were significant differences between the four groups in nausea and vomiting incidence (0–24 h), postoperative antiemetic use (0–48 h), and postoperative pain (0–6 h), with the EA groups recording the lowest levels. Regarding primary outcomes, incidence of nausea and vomiting at 6-24 h was 28/11/18/11% (p = 0.003) 23/5/8/9% (p < 0.001), respectively, for Groups Usual/Pre/30/Comb. Accordingly, EA reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting at 6-24 h by 61/34/60% and 79/65/61% for Groups Pre/30/Comb, respectively. Regarding secondary outcomes, incidence of nausea and vomiting at 0-6 h was 20/9/11/7% (p = 0.013) and 17/7/9/6% (p = 0.021), respectively, for Groups Usual/Pre/30/Comb. Rescue antiemetics at 0–6 h were required by 18/4/11/4% (p = 0.001) in Groups Usual/Pre/30/Comb. The mean numerical rating scale (NRS) pain score (0–10) at 0–6 h was significantly different between groups (2.45/1.89/2.01/1.97 for Groups Usual/Pre/30/Comb, p = 0.024). There were no significant differences between the three EA-treated groups. Conclusion: In gynecological patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery and treated with multimodal antiemetic methods, one session of preoperative EA may be a safe adjunctive treatment for PONV prophylaxis. Optimal timing of EA requires further verification. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-INR-16010035 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the local experience of adult patients presenting with cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) to an urban ED in the outer northern suburbs of Melbourne. Methods: Retrospective chart review of adult patients presenting to the ED with a documented history of CHS or equivalent terminology from January 2015 to January 2021. Age, sex, cannabis use, clinical features, pathology results, imaging and symptomatic management were examined as well as outcomes regarding disposition, representation, morbidity and mortality. Results: One hundred and forty‐two adult presentations were included. Sixty‐seven were unique presentations and 29 were patients who represented during the study period. Most represented within 3 months (37.8%) and most represented at least twice. Males were overrepresented (68.7%). Patients were young (median age 31 years, interquartile range 23–35 years) and all had a history of regular cannabis use (usually daily). Cyclical nausea and/or vomiting was the most common clinical feature compared to others in previously reported diagnostic criteria. Patients typically had elevated white cell counts with associated neutrophilia (75.8%) and mild hypokalaemia (57.9%). Lipase was not elevated, and C‐reactive protein was typically less than 50 mmol/L (98.2%). Imaging was not commonly performed but largely normal. Treatment was supportive with anti‐emetic use, intravenous fluids and analgesia. There were no deaths or admissions to intensive care. Conclusions: Cyclical nausea and vomiting was the most common feature observed in this cohort compared to other clinical features reported in prior studies. Serum lipase was normal and C‐reactive protein only mildly elevated. Prospective studies are required to further assess these findings. A retrospective case series summarising a local hospital experience of presentations due to Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome. The article explores clinical features, investigations findings, management and disposition outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Nausea is one of the most important symptoms of patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study aims to determine the effects of aromatherapy with sour lemon on nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 50 patients undergoing chemotherapy were randomly assigned to experimental and placebo (control) groups. The two groups completed the visual analogue scale for nausea before and the first to the fourth week after starting the intervention. The intervention was performed during chemotherapy. Using a dropper, a paper towel was saturated with 3 drops of sour lemon essential oil; however, for the control group, 3 mL of water as a placebo was spread on a paper towel. The intervention in the experimental and control groups was performed once a week for 4 weeks during weekly chemotherapy sessions. Results: At the beginning of the study, no significant difference was observed between the mean score of nausea in the two groups (P>0.05). The first to the fourth week after starting the intervention, significant differences were observed between the mean score of nausea in the two groups (P<0.05). The results of the repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that the mean score of nausea changed over time in the experimental group, indicating a gradual decrease in the mean score of nausea (P<0.05). Discussion: Our findings indicated that aromatherapy with sour lemon can be effective in reducing nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nausea and vomiting have psychological negative effects on some pregnant women during gestation. Different strategies have been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, such as acupressure and psychological interventions. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedures on vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran. Two hundred and eight women were divided into four groups (n=52): 1) they did not any intervention (control group), 2) they received the psychological intervention, 3) they received acupressure intervention, and 4) they received a combination of psychological + acupressure interventions. To investigate the effects of interventions on nausea and vomiting, the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching were used. The counseling period has lasted for 4 weeks. The pressure intervention on the site was conducted in clockwise form for 1 min and anticlockwise form for another 1 min. Groups did not have a significant difference for abortion and income (p>0.05). The effects of counseling, and acupressure interventions on severity and period of vomiting and nausea were not significant (p>0.05), but the intervention based on counseling and acupressure decreased severity of vomiting and nausea (p<0.05). The intervention based on counseling and acupressure could not reduce nausea and vomiting during the gestation, but the intervention based on a combination of both decreased nausea and vomiting. It can be suggested to apply an intervention based on a combination of counseling and acupressure in short-time period for decreasing nausea and vomiting in women during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Palliative care aims to improve the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses by improving symptoms. Many patients with advanced diseases suffer from nausea and vomiting. In addition to evidenced-based treatments, patients with advanced diseases often seek for complementary and integrative therapies. Aromatherapy is commonly used to alleviate the various symptoms of palliative care patients and is well accepted by both patients and their caregivers. We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of using lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting in our palliative care unit and found a positive effect against nausea and vomiting in this patient group. Aromatherapy is regularly used in the University Hospital Krems's palliative care unit. In a retrospective analysis, we investigated whether there were improvements in nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancers over a time span of 24 months. Data collection used the medical records of patients who were institutionally approved to receive routine aroma applications for alleviating nausea and vomiting. The efficacy of using lemon oil pads was tested with one-dimensional chi-squared tests. Sixty-six patients received 222 applications of lemon oil on cotton pads; no data were available for 17 applications. The adequate relief of nausea and vomiting was reported for 149 (73%) applications, whereas no symptom control was seen for 56 (27%) applications. For the 56 applications without symptom control, first- and second-line rescue medications were successful in 53 and 3 cases, respectively. The use of aromatherapy with lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting was feasible for 73% of all applications. All patients who did not benefit from aromatherapy had effective symptom control with a rescue medication. Large randomized prospective trials are necessary to evaluate the benefit of the use of lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for tumor response (complete and partial response, CR + PR).Methods: This research conducted a retrospective study of the hospital charts of patients treated with TACE successfully renewed from October 2014 to December 2015 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China). Univariate analysis (Chi-square test and repeated-measures ANOVA) selected nine influential tumor response factors from 22 core factors. The nine variables were included in a forward multiple logistic regression model predicting patients treated with TACE to achieve tumor response. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results: Data of 277 of 282 patients were included in the analysis. Nine variables were analyzed by univariate analysis and independently associated with tumor response (tumor capsule integrity, nausea and vomiting, microwave ablation, liver dysfunction, the absolute value of lymphocyte (LYM), alpha-fetoprotein, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). By multivariate analysis, GGT (odds ratio [OR] =0.996), liver dysfunction (OR = 0.395), combined with microwave ablation (OR = 0.503), and tumor capsule integrity (OR = 1.894) were the significant predictors of the tumor response group compared with the standard deviation group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: This study suggests that TACE combined with ablation on patients with complete tumor capsules may have a better prognosis in tumor response and OS; additionally, liver dysfunction and nausea and vomiting were the independent predictors of tumor response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an external treatment technique of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), auricular point sticking, which is rooted in holographic biology theory and TCM viscera and meridian theory, is a safe and effective treatment method. This article introduces the technology overview and development process. The auricular point sticking technique for constipation is taken as an example to specify the basic requirements, assessment, operational points, acupoint selection and matters needing attention during the implementation of the auricular acupressure technique, providing a reference for the operating procedures of this technique in the clinical treatment of other diseases such as insomnia, diarrhea, colds, hypertension, headache, and dysmenorrhea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The integration of palliative care into routine cancer care has allowed for improved symptom control, relationship building and goal setting for patients and families. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an ambulatory palliative care clinic on improving symptom burden and service outcomes for patients with cancer. Methods: A retrospective review of data of cancer patients who attended an ambulatory care clinic and completed the Symptom Assessment Scale between January 2015 and December 2019. We classified moderate to severe symptoms as clinically significant. Clinically meaningful improvement in symptoms (excluding pain) was defined by a ≥ 1-point reduction from baseline and pain treatment response was defined as a ≥ 2-point or ≥ 30% reduction from baseline. Results: A total of 249 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common cancer diagnosis was gastrointestinal (32%) and the median time between the initial and follow-up clinic was 4 weeks. The prevalence of clinically significant symptoms at baseline varied from 28% for nausea to 88% for fatigue, with 23% of the cohort requiring acute admission due to unstable physical/psychosocial symptoms. There was significant improvement noted in sleep (p < 0.001), pain (p = 0.002), wellbeing (p < 0.001), and overall symptom composite scores (p = 0.028). Despite 18–28% of patients achieving clinically meaningful symptom improvement, 18–66.3% of those with moderate to severe symptoms at baseline continued to have clinically significant symptoms on follow-up. A third of patients had opioid and/or adjuvant analgesic initiated/titrated, with 39% educated on pain management. Goals of care (31%), insight (28%) and psychosocial/existential issues (27%) were commonly explored. Conclusions: This study highlights the burden of symptoms in a cohort of ambulatory palliative care patients and the opportunity such services can provide for education, psychosocial care and future planning. Additionally routine screening of cohorts of oncology patients using validated scales may identify patients who would benefit from early ambulatory palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted an online survey of 249 Australian women who currently or previously experienced severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) or hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and examined their experiences in being denied medications during pregnancy. One in four women reported being denied medications for NVP/HG, which most commonly involved doxylamine and encounters with community pharmacists. Women's experiences reflected that lack of awareness of guidelines and unfavourable risk‐benefit assessments appeared to be key barriers to facilitating medication access. Approaches towards identifying and effectively addressing barriers to the provision of effective treatments for severe NVP and HG are urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is substantial interest in the role of ginger as an adjuvant therapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, available evidence lacks robust methodology. To assess the effect of adjuvant ginger compared with placebo on chemotherapy-induced nausea-related quality of life (QoL) and CINV-related outcomes. A parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial with 1:1 allocation was conducted. One hundred three chemotherapy-naïve adults scheduled to receive moderately to highly emetogenic chemotherapy at two hospitals in Australia were enrolled and analyzed. Four standardized ginger capsules (totaling 84 mg/day active gingerols/shogaols), or placebo, were administered commencing the day of chemotherapy and continuing for 5 days for chemotherapy cycles 1 through 3. The primary outcome was chemotherapy-induced nausea-related QoL. Secondary outcomes were vomiting- and CINV-related QoL; anticipatory, acute, and delayed nausea and vomiting; fatigue; nutritional status; depression and anxiety; health-related QoL; and adverse events. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures determined differences between groups. The null hypothesis was no difference between groups. After applying a Bonferroni multiple testing correction, evidence against the null hypothesis was considered at P = 0.003. One hundred three participants (ginger: n = 52; placebo: n = 51) were enrolled and analyzed. There was clinically relevant evidence against the null hypothesis, favoring ginger, in change scores for nausea-related QoL (F [df] = 9.34[1,101]; P = 0.003; partial η2 = 0.09), overall CINV-related QoL (F [df] = 12.26[1,101]; P < 0.001; partial η2 = 0.11), delayed nausea severity (F [df] = 9.46[1,101]; P = 0.003; partial η2 = 0.09), and fatigue (F [df] = 10.11[1,101]; P = 0.002; partial η2 = 0.09). There was a clinically meaningful lower incidence of delayed nausea and vomiting in the ginger group at Cycle 2 (53% vs 75%; P = 0.020 and 4% vs 27%; P = 0.001, respectively) and Cycle 3 (49% vs 79%; P = 0.002 and 2% vs 23%; P = 0.001, respectively). There was a clinically meaningful lower incidence of malnutrition in the ginger group at Cycle 3 (18% vs. 41%; P = 0.032) and in change scores for Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (F [df)] = 4.32[1,100]; P = 0.040; partial η2 = 0.04). Change scores between groups favored ginger for vomiting-related QoL and number of vomiting episodes; however, findings were not clinically meaningful. There was no effect of ginger on anticipatory or acute CINV, health-related QoL, anxiety, or depression. No serious adverse events were reported. Ginger supplementation was a safe adjuvant to antiemetic medications for CINV that enhanced QoL during chemotherapy treatment. Future trials are needed to examine dose-dependent responses to verify optimal dosing regimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After intravenous supplementation of an unintentionally high dose of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a 53-year-old female complained of myalgia, chills and nausea, and showed signs of haemorrhagic diathesis. The laboratory findings were excessive hyperferritinemia, leukoerythroblastosis, severe thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and impaired coagulation. The toxicological tests resulted in an ALA serum concentration of 10 280 µg/L. The peripheral blood film of the patient showed some neutrophil dysplasia with unusual small dark-blue stained round cytoplasmic inclusions resembling 'Howell-Jolly-body-like' (HJBL) cytoplasmic inclusions, aptly named due to the morphologic similarity to their erythrocytic counterparts. Such HJBL inclusions are occasionally associated with acquired immunodeficiency, or immunosuppressive or cytostatic treatment. An association with ALA intoxication has not been described before. There are only a few reports on unintentional, harmful and lethal intoxications with ALA. The underlying molecular background of its toxicity on liver function or haematopoiesis is not yet known in detail, but ALA seems to interact with enzyme functions, e.g. with mitochondrial enzyme-complexes, possibly due to its pro-oxidant potential at high doses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is common, the secular and demographic trends of NVP and its treatments are not well‐studied. Objectives: To describe the prevalence and patterns of first‐trimester NVP and selected treatments among controls in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). Methods: National Birth Defects Prevention Study is a population‐based case–control study of birth defects in the United States (1997‐2011). We collected self‐reported data about NVP and use of commonly reported pharmacological and herbal/natural treatments (ondansetron, promethazine, pyridoxine, metoclopramide, doxylamine succinate, ginger, phosphorated carbohydrate solution, and prochlorperazine) from mothers of non‐malformed control infants. We estimated the prevalence of NVP and selected treatments and examined secular and demographic trends (education, race/ethnicity, and maternal age) for such use, adjusting for study centre. Results: Among 10 540 mothers of controls, 7393 women (70.1%) reported first‐trimester NVP, and 12.2% of those used one or more of the commonly reported treatments. Specific treatment use varied after adjustment for study centre (ondansetron: 3.4%; promethazine: 4.2%; pyridoxine: 3.2%; metoclopramide: 0.7%; doxylamine succinate: 1.7%; ginger: 1.0%; phosphorated carbohydrate solution: 0.4%; and prochlorperazine: 0.3%). Treatment use increased for each agent over the study period. Women with more years of education reported more NVP and treatment use. White (72%), Hispanic (71%), and other race (73%) women reported more NVP than Black women (67%); White women used selected NVP treatments most frequently, and Black women used them more than Hispanic women. Though women aged 25‐34 years reported more NVP (72%) than younger (69%) or older (67%) women, the frequency of medication use was similar among women aged 25‐34 and ≥35, and lower among women aged <25 years. Conclusions: National Birth Defects Prevention Study controls reported NVP at frequencies similar to those previously reported. Of note, we observed an increase in use of selected treatments over time, and variations in NVP and treatments by study site and demographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated oral cryotherapy was effective in reducing nausea, vomiting, oral mucositis, and oral pain in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd rounds of chemotherapy for the first time. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. The experimental group (n=21) received oral cryotherapy that applied a 2x2x2 cm ice cube in the mouth for 30 minutes at each chemotherapy. Both experimental group and control group (n=20) received oral care educations. Nausea, vomiting, oral mucositis and oral pain were measured on 5 days, 14 days, and 21 days after each chemotherapy. Data were collected from July 2019 to April 2020 at a university hospital in Korea, and analyzed using the SPSS WIN 25.0 software package. Results: There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the nausea·vomiting score, oral mucositis grade, and oral pain score. Oral cryotherapy was confirmed to be effective in delaying nausea and vomiting. It has been shown that stomatitis and oral pain are related. Conclusion: For breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, it is recommended to apply oral cryotherapy as a nursing intervention to reduce nausea, vomiting, oral mucositis, and oral pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the comparison with the different methods of acupressure treatment in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: This study was a single group pretest-posttest design. Thirty patients age 30- 65 scheduled for chemotherapy were included. The data were collected through self- reported questionnaires on nausea, vomiting, and anorexia and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed ranked test. Results: The relieving effect of nausea and vomiting (Z=-2.54, p=.011) was significant in P6 acupressure by wrist bands. Conclusion: Patients undergoing chemotherapy have relieving effects on nausea and vomiting after P6 acupressure by wrist band. This study demonstrates the stimulation of the P6 acupressure by wrist band for reducing nausea and vomiting for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Nausea is one of the most commonly reported side effects in patients receiving chemotherapy. Patients who experience nausea during chemotherapy may also experience depression, metabolic imbalances, dehydration, decreased ability to function, and treatment delays, which can ultimately affect outcomes. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a cool damp washcloth with peppermint essential oil versus a cool damp washcloth alone on the self-reported intensity of nausea in patients receiving chemotherapy in the outpatient ambulatory setting. METHODS: 79 adult patients receiving chemotherapy were recruited from an outpatient ambulatory infusion center in the southeastern United States. Patients were separated into two groups (no scent and peppermint) and asked to rate the intensity of their chemotherapy-induced nausea at pre- and postintervention using the Baxter Retching Faces pictorial scale. FINDINGS: The results demonstrated that the use of peppermint oil was effective in decreasing the intensity of nausea experienced by patients compared to a cool washcloth alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that assess how patients feel and function have potential for evaluating quality of care. Stakeholder recommendations for PRO-based performance measures (PMs) were elicited, and feasibility testing was conducted at six cancer centers. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with 124 stakeholders to determine priority symptoms and risk adjustment variables for PRO-PMs and perceived acceptability. Stakeholders included patients and advocates, caregivers, clinicians, administrators, and thought leaders. Feasibility testing was conducted in six cancer centers. Patients completed PROMs at home 5-15 days into a chemotherapy cycle. Feasibility was operationalized as ≥ 75% completed PROMs and ≥ 75% patient acceptability. RESULTS: Stakeholder priority PRO-PMs for systemic therapy were GI symptoms (diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting), depression/anxiety, pain, insomnia, fatigue, dyspnea, physical function, and neuropathy. Recommended risk adjusters included demographics, insurance type, cancer type, comorbidities, emetic risk, and difficulty paying bills. In feasibility testing, 653 patients enrolled (approximately 110 per site), and 607 (93%) completed PROMs, which indicated high feasibility for home collection. The majority of patients (470 of 607; 77%) completed PROMs without a reminder call, and 137 (23%) of 607 completed them after a reminder call. Most patients (72%) completed PROMs through web, 17% paper, or 2% interactive voice response (automated call that verbally asked patient questions). For acceptability, > 95% of patients found PROM items to be easy to understand and complete. CONCLUSION: Clinicians, patients, and other stakeholders agree that PMs that are based on how patients feel and function would be an important addition to quality measurement. This study also shows that PRO-PMs can be feasibly captured at home during systemic therapy and are acceptable to patients. PRO-PMs may add value to the portfolio of PMs as oncology transitions from fee-for-service payment models to performance-based care that emphasizes outcome measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The predominant neurotransmitters and receptors for acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are represented in the current paradigm, which reflects successful control of emesis. However, control of nausea (N) lags behind management of vomiting (V). This review aims to re-examine and incorporate new information about the mechanisms of V and N.Methods: The initial literature search focused on CINV. Keywords in articles led to subsequent discovery of publications focused on N&V in other medical and scientific fields (e.g., gastroenterology, neurology, cannabinoid science, neuropharmacology, and motion sickness). Using keywords to identify other sources continued until no further recent, meaningful publications were found.Results: More than 86% of references were from recent non-oncology journals and books, suggesting there are many areas for cross-fertilization research into mechanisms and management of N&V-particularly of N, which involves overlapping and dissimilar CNS areas from V. Information from cited articles was incorporated into visual representation of N&V, which is certainly not exhaustive but supports highly complex processes in the stomach and gut, the vagus nerve and spinal cord neurons, the nucleus tractus solitarii, and the anterior insular cortex and anterior cingulate cortex with input from the amygdala.Conclusions: These data support the idea that mechanisms for N, whatever the cause, must be highly similar. Continued research into nausea, including patient-reported evaluation and outcomes, is important; interventions for nausea could be considered adjuvants to current standard of care antiemetics and be individualized, depending on patient-reported efficacy and adverse effects and preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cancer treatment can be a great source of anxiety and depression for patients. Patients who experience anxiety and depression may be treated with a variety of nonpharmacologic treatments, such as guided imagery. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this article is to determine the effect of guided imagery on patients' anxiety, depression, and other selected side effects prompted by chemotherapy. METHODS: This pre- and postintervention assessment randomly selected patients with various types of cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy to listen to a guided imagery audio file for 20 minutes per day for one week. Data collection included a demographic questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Symptom Distress Scale. FINDINGS: A significant decrease in anxiety and depression was noted in the intervention group compared to the control group. No reduction in the mean score for anxiety and depression was observed postintervention for the control group. In addition, patients in the intervention group showed improvement in all side effect categories. Patients in the intervention group reported the greatest rate of improvement in the items of pain, insomnia, appetite, and nausea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The antipsychotic drug olanzapine is effective against chemotherapy-induced nausea and targets multiple receptors known to be involved in the emetic reflex arch. The drug has a mean half-life of 30 h, which allows for a single daily administration and is therefore of interest in patients with advanced cancer suffering from nausea.Objectives: To investigate the antiemetic effect and tolerability of olanzapine in patients with advanced cancer not receiving chemotherapy or irradiation.Methods: Patients with advanced cancer (no curable treatment options) with at least "moderate" nausea and/or one emetic episode within the last 24 h were included if they had not received chemotherapy or irradiation (last 2 weeks) and had no reversible causes of nausea/vomiting. Patients were administered 10 mg olanzapine daily for 5 days (the first day subcutaneously and the following 4 days orally). Nausea, vomiting, and adverse effects were assessed daily for 7 days. The primary efficacy parameter was nausea after 24 h.Results: Forty patients from four centers were included and all evaluable after 24 h. Thirty-six patients experienced some degree of improvement. The mean two-item N/V score (0-100) at baseline was 66 and improved to 21 and 24 after 24 h and 7 days, respectively. During the course of the study, the dose of olanzapine was reduced in three patients due to adverse events. Five patients were withdrawn from the study primarily due to progression of malignant disease or per patient's request.Conclusions: Olanzapine appears effective and tolerable as an antiemetic in patients with advanced cancer. Future research should examine a lower dose (5 or 2.5 mg), preferably in a randomized controlled trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting caused by pregnancy significantly affect the quality of life of pregnant women and cause problems in them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of muscle relaxation technique on nausea during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This study was a controlled clinical trial. 44 pregnant women referred to the health center were randomly divided into two groups: control and test. Benson's muscle relaxation was taught to the test group during three sessions. They were then asked to do relaxation for 15-20 minutes for one month twice a day. No training was provided for the control group. The severity of nausea was compared using visual analogue vomiting (VAS) in two groups and the obtained results were analyzed using Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significant level of ≤0.05. Results: Based on obtained results, 39.1% of mothers were aged between 30-35 years old. The mean and standard deviation of severity of nausea in the intervention (test) group before Benson relaxation was 6.9 ± 2.9 and after relaxation was 6.64 ± 1.99. Analysis (Mann-Whitney test) of severity of nausea before and after intervention in the test group showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of Benson's relaxation on the reduction of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, its education is recommended for all pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy in health and counseling centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is the most prevalent medical condition associated with pregnancy. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists published its first guidelines for management of NVP in 2016, although many current treatments are off label, with only one recently licensed treatment for NVP in the UK.Aim: To identify the current practices for NVP management across the patient pathway, and estimate the economic burden to NHS services.Design and Setting: This was an observational, retrospective research study conducted in the Newcastle Gateshead Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) health economy area in England.Method: Data were collected from GP practices, local hospital datasets, ambulance services (April 2013-March 2016), and the Hospital Episode Statistics dataset (2006-2016).Results: Eight GP practices participated in the study. In all, 15.2% of the total pregnant population presented with NVP. Treatment varied significantly between GP practices, and 33.6% of women re-presented to their GP. There was an annual increase in women admitted to hospital for NVP symptoms, with increasing length of stay per admission. Almost half (44.6%) of the calls to 999/111 from women experiencing NVP symptoms resulted in an ambulance dispatch. The annual cost of NVP to this health economy was estimated to be £199 804, which crudely extrapolates to £25 758 731 at UK level. Due to underestimations of costs, the impact to the UK NHS could be up to £62 373 961.Conclusion: There is considerable variation in current management practices for NVP outside of recently published guidelines, and this may result in substantial resource use and avoidable financial impact to the NHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]