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Abstract Background Standardized nursing terminologies play a crucial role in describing and documenting nursing care. For students, learning the components of the NANDA-I terminology—such as defining characteristics and related factors—accurately is essential for determining nursing diagnoses. However, there is a notable lack of qualitative studies investigating Turkish nursing students’ experiences with these terminologies. This study aimed to explore nursing students’ experiences regarding NANDA-I nursing terminology. Methods This descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 29 second-, third-, and fourth-year nursing students. Data were collected through face-to-face, in-depth, and semi-structured interviews between June 2023 and December 2023. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Content analysis revealed four main themes: (a) knowledge and awareness, (b) the facilitating effect of NANDA-I on patient care, (c) improvement of NANDA-I terminology training, and (d) challenges in utilizing NANDA-I. Conclusions The findings of this study offer recommendations for nursing educators to make adjustments to the educational curriculum concerning NANDA-I terminology. Developing nursing education curricula is crucial to help students gain a better understanding of NANDA-I terminology and to utilize it effectively in clinical practice. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Objective Method Findings Conclusions Implications for nursing practice To map nursing diagnoses related to cardiovascular function reported in studies involving patients in primary care.A scoping review follows JBI guidelines. Literature searches were conducted from March to May 2024. Studies included focused on nursing diagnoses for adults and older adult patients with cardiovascular conditions in primary care settings. Results were systematically presented in tables and narratively.Among the 12 included studies, the most prevalent diagnosis was “noncompliance” (00079), removed from NANDA‐I in 2017. Sixteen other diagnoses were identified, indicating a broader clinical profile of individuals with cardiovascular health issues in primary care. Most studies involved patients with hypertension in Brazil.Key nursing diagnoses for patients with cardiovascular conditions in primary care were identified. Ineffective health management emerged as a common characteristic among this population.Identifying prevalent diagnoses allows nurses to reinforce their commitment to managing cardiovascular conditions, improve care plans, and generate practice indicators for services, thus enhancing the quality of care provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the healthcare field, the effective implementation of clinical protocols is crucial to ensuring patient safety and well-being. In this context, this study evaluates nurses' adherence to the maintenance and replacement protocol of peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) in a university hospital in Spain, examining the impact of compliance with the protocol on the loss of PVCs and on patient safety in addition to analyzing the related costs. A retrospective observational study was conducted with 590 patients who were admitted in 2018 and 2019. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate, was used to see the association between the study variables; with the dependent variable being the loss of PVCs (including, as a dependent variable, the loss of PVCs before 48 h). The patients' electronic and physical medical records were reviewed to analyze nursing interventions related to the management of PVCs. A total of 24% of patients experienced PVC loss within the first 24 h after insertion. Failure to comply with the protocol resulted in 80% more catheter loss and increased the cost of cannulation by 46.84%. Low compliance with PVC care protocols significantly increases the risk of catheter loss, suggesting the need for increased training and strict protocol implementation. The findings emphasize the critical role of nursing in ensuring patient safety through adherence to evidence-based protocols. Continuing education and diligent protocol implementation are essential to reducing healthcare costs and improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Developing a care plan for patients is not specific to nursing or midwifery; it is the case in every situation where patients seek help from care providers. Midwifery students draw upon NANDA-I diagnoses while developing care plans (CPs) in clinical practices, and plan and apply their care accordingly. This study aims to identify the views of midwifery students on the NANDA-I diagnoses and CPs that they use in clinical practice. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 222 students between September and December 2022. The research data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire based on NANDA-I diagnoses and CPs. In line with the existing literature, the questionnaire was designed by two academicians who specialized in nursing fundamentals and midwifery. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended (8 questions) and open-ended (7 questions) questions. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test. Results: Of 222 students, 57.7% stated that they did not know the definition of a CP. It was found that 46.8% of the students felt inadequate at developing CPs. Furthermore, the students stated that they found the CP training provided during their undergraduate study partially sufficient, with a rate of 52.7%, and 16.7% of midwifery students offered suggestions about CP teaching. The number of midwifery-related diagnoses of which the students were aware was 19. Conclusions: The study was beneficial in terms of identifying the deficiencies of the students related to NANDA-I diagnoses and developing CPs that might be overcome through education and observing the midwifery-related diagnoses that they used. It is of critical importance to educate midwifery students about midwifery-related NANDA-I diagnoses in order that they embrace midwifery diagnoses and CP learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health & Life Sciences / Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Kultur University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Spontaneous ventilation, essential for human life, is addressed by the nursing diagnosis “Ineffective Spontaneous Ventilation” which requires strong scientific support. Aim: This revision study aimed to elevate this nursing diagnosis to a higher level of evidence by clarifying its definition, clinical indicators, and differentiation from other diagnoses. The diagnosis is crucial for identifying patients with compromised breathing who may require respiratory support. Methods: Researchers searched the PubMed medical literature database for studies (2006-2021) on the "Ineffective Spontaneous Ventilation" diagnosis. Results: The search identified 45 studies, but after applying pre-defined criteria, only 10 articles were included in the final analysis. These articles mainly focused on the accuracy of defining characteristics for the diagnosis. Despite limitations of individual defining characteristics, Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation remains a valuable nursing diagnosis for patients with respiratory issues. Utilizing clusters of these characteristics and considering the specific context can significantly enhance the accuracy of ISV diagnosis. Conclusion: The findings unequivocally corroborate the definition of Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation, with eight out of ten articles providing validation. Moreover, the analysis proposes additional defining characteristics, namely dyspnea and cyanosis, to further refine the diagnosis. The clinical applicability of Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation extends to a wide range of patient populations and conditions. It serves as a critical marker for premature infants grappling with respiratory and cardiac challenges, trauma victims battling life-threatening injuries, and patients relying on mechanical ventilation in intensive care settings.

Introduction: Nursing care, despite constituting a significant portion of healthcare costs, often remains overlooked in healthcare data systems, which primarily focus on medical data. Incorporating standardized nursing language (SNL) into electronic health records has shown promise in predicting outcomes across various clinical settings. However, nurses' unfamiliarity with standardized terminologies poses a significant barrier to their implementation. NANDA-International (NANDA-I) nursing diagnoses (NDs) offer a standardized framework, yet their application in mental health (MH) settings remains underexplored. Objectives: The MINDSET study aims to establish a consensus among mental health nurses to develop a subset of nursing diagnoses tailored for MH and addiction EHRs. Methods: A multi-phase e-Delphi study will involve mental health nurses experienced in NANDA-I NDs from various countries. Through successive rounds of surveys, experts will assess the relevance of NDs in MH settings, with consensus determining the final subset. Results: The expected outcome is a concise subset of nursing diagnoses agreed upon by experts, facilitating their integration into clinical practice. This subset may offer nurses a manageable set of diagnoses closely aligned with MH contexts, enhancing their applicability and utility in daily care. Subsequent research could explore the prevalence of these diagnoses in MH settings and their associations with patient outcomes. Impact: The development of a tailored subset of nursing diagnoses holds potential to enhance nursing practice in MH settings, enabling more effective assessment and intervention strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

A standardized nursing care plan (SNCP) is a published universal action plan that specifies nursing care, and it has evolved into the standard in nursing practice for the betterment of healthcare globally. However, this nursing care plan’s use can vary depending on the institutions thus limiting the use among developing hospitals in developing countries such as Nigeria. The scoping review sought to analyze, consolidate, and summarize data from the body of research on the use of standardized nursing care plans by Nigerian nurses. Searching for and combining research published between 2015 and 2019 involved using a scoping review technique based on Arksey and O’Malley. Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLARS Online, also known as the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, were among the databases that were searched. The number of items that might be included was 38. Standardized nursing languages in the form of NANDA-I were the mostly utilized nursing languages in many hospitals in the country, meanwhile, activities in nursing intervention classification were used by a few. However, nursing outcome classification was stated as nursing evaluation in many hospitals. Also, three categories of identified factors to SNCPs use were I. not having the right format of SNCP on the wards. II. Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria not mandating its use. III. Hospitals not having a policy for the nurses to mandate its use. Addressing the core barriers and making the right format of SNCP available will promote its use in all hospitals in the country. The authors recommend that the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria should mandate its full adoption in documenting patient care in the hospitals.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the key functional care problems, NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses, and intervention plans related to function‐focused care (FFC) using a web‐based case management system for patients who present different cognitive status. Methods: This study employed a retrospective descriptive research design. Data were obtained from system records on patients after the research team trained the case management system at a nursing home in Dangjin in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea. A total of 119 inpatient records were analyzed. Results: The key physical, cognitive, and social functional problems, nursing diagnoses in six domains (health promotion, elimination and exchange, activity/rest, perception/cognition, coping/stress tolerance, and safety/protection), and intervention plans were identified. Conclusion: The identified FFC case management information of interdisciplinary caregivers will provide evidence for the implementation of effective interventions according to a patient's functional status. Additional studies related to the establishment of a large clinical database of advanced case management systems focusing on interdisciplinary caregivers' functional management are needed to support the prioritization of functional care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to generate empirical evidence, drawing from clinical records, with the goal of elevating the level of evidence supporting the nursing diagnosis (ND) of 'chronic pain'. Background: Chronic pain is a prevalent condition that affects all age groups. Patients often feel disbelieved about their pain perception, leading to adverse psychological effects, difficulty accessing healthcare and poor rehabilitation outcomes. Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies guidelines were followed in this study. Methods: Data were extracted from Electronic Health Records (EHR) of patients admitted to the University Hospital of Perugia, Italy, between March 2016 and December 2022. The study sample comprised individuals without a specific medical diagnosis or high‐risk population. Out of 1,048,565 EHR, 43,341 clinical‐nursing diaries with the keyword 'pain' were identified, from which 283 clinical‐nursing notes were selected based on a keyword‐based retrieval technique and diagnostic definition for further analysis. Results: Our study findings support the diagnostic descriptors of the 'chronic pain' ND in clinical‐nursing diaries. We observed the presence of 9 out of 11 defining characteristics, 7 out of 10 related factors, 4 out of 8 at‐risk populations and 11 out of 17 associated conditions. Conclusions: The study validated diagnostic criteria for chronic pain and proposed 'haematological pathology' as a new associated condition. The findings were presented to the Diagnosis Development Committee of NANDA‐International for further review. However, limitations of the study prompted the need for further analysis using natural language processing and artificial neural network techniques. As a result, a new research direction using artificial intelligence (AI) tools was initiated. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The study validates diagnostic descriptors for chronic pain and proposes future directions in semantic analysis and AI tools, aiming to enhance clinical practice and decision‐making in nursing care. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mediterranean Nursing & Midwifery is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim. The aim of this study is to evaluate the case diagnosed with meningioma during pregnancy and to present the individualized postoperative nursing process. Material and methods. Gordon's Functional Health Patterns Model was used to assess the case. The nursing process was established by utilizing the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association-International, Taxonomy II, nursing diagnoses. Results. In the nursing process of the case, nursing diagnoses were included in the domains of health perception/health management pattern, nutritional/metabolic pattern, elimination pattern, activity/exercise pattern, sleep/rest pattern, cognitive/perceptual pattern, self-perception/self-concept pattern, roles/relationships pattern, coping/stress tolerance pattern, sexuality/reproductive pattern and values/beliefs pattern. The nursing process was established in accordance with these diagnoses. Conclusions. Through this case report we would like to highlight relevance of using Gordon's Functional Health Patterns Model for assessing the pregnant patient with meningioma and planning the postoperative nursing process. It is thought that the case report will be guide and support the nurses who care for pregnant patients with menegioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Providing 80% of healthcare worldwide, nurses focus on physiologic and psychosocial aspects of health, which incorporate social determinants of health (SDOH). Recognizing their important role in SDOH, nurse informatics scholars included standardized measurable terms that identify and treat issues with SDOH in their classification systems, which have been readily available for over 5 decades. In this Perspective, we assert these currently underutilized nursing classifications would add value to health outcomes and healthcare, and to the goal of decreasing disparities. To illustrate this, we mapped 3 rigorously developed and linked classifications: NANDA International (NANDA-I), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) called NNN (NANDA-I, NIC, NOC), to 5 Healthy People 2030 SDOH domains/objectives, revealing the comprehensiveness, usefulness, and value of these classifications. We found that all domains/objectives were addressed and NNN terms often mapped to multiple domains/objectives. Since SDOH, corresponding interventions and measurable outcomes are easily found in standardized nursing classifications (SNCs), more incorporation of SNCs into electronic health records should be occurring, and projects addressing SDOHs should integrate SNCs like NNN into their ongoing work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) face uncertainty during the illness trajectory that decreases their quality of life. Uncertainty manifests as an altered state of mind in patients with GBM and increases the burden of managing their diagnosis. The uncertainty in illness theory (UIT) can be used to guide nursing practice and create care plans to decrease this uncertainty. Data sources: The UIT and conceptual model were used to pair diagnoses from NANDA‐I Nursing Diagnoses to form care plans for patients with GBM. Methods: In a stepwise approach, concepts from the UIT were organized and cross‐walked into an integrated theory‐driven practice framework to enhance care planning. Conclusions: The UIT helps define and identify circumstances of uncertainty in patients experiencing illness, and Nursing Diagnoses provide engagement and outcomes for those uncertainty‐based diagnoses. Some examples of the UIT guiding Nursing Diagnoses includes a patient's cognitive level guiding a Nursing Diagnosis care plan of Risk for Acute Confusion. Social Support can guide the care plan of Risk for Loneliness, and appraisal of uncertainty can guide a care plan for Ineffective Individual Coping. Using the UIT to guide theory‐driven practice links interventions and outcomes in patients with GBM. Implications for practice: The UIT can guide NANDA‐I Nursing Diagnoses to assist nurses in creating a nursing care plan for nursing engagement to decrease uncertainty and increase the quality of life in patients with GBM. Theory‐driven research defines the application of the UIT in GBM and provides foundational knowledge for theory‐driven practice to occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health Academics / Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Health Academics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: In order to select nursing actions that will produce the desired results, a nursing diagnosis is crucial. Despite this, it can be challenging for nursing students to recognize and create precise nursing diagnostic labels that are particular to a patient’s situation. The study’s objectives are to identify the diagnostic labels, classes, and domains that are frequently formulated by nursing students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional methodology and a self-developed questionnaire were utilized to gather information from 120 nursing students who were chosen using a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential (Chi-square) statistics were used to analyze the data. The 0.05 P- value was chosen. RESULTS: The respondent’s average age is 23 ± 21.4 years. The majority of respondents (94.2%) concurred that greater exposure to clinical settings, case discussion methods (92.5%), as well as group case studies (90.8%) strategy, can all improve the creation of precise diagnostic labels. Additionally, the deficient fluid volume diagnostic label is the one that is most usually utilized (78.3%). Overall results show that the diagnostic labels that are used the most frequently are those for domains 4 (Activity/Rest) and 11 (Safety/Protection). There was no relationship (P = 0.061) between the commonly used diagnostic label and the chosen schools. CONCLUSION: The study offered empirical data on the most used diagnostic labels and domains. Therefore, it will be important that nursing students involve critical reasoning skills as well as familiarize themselves with other significant domains and classes that are useful in the patient’s care.

Introduction: the classification systems with standardized languages are established in a set of structured knowledge, concepts founded in a logical and coherent way, based on their similarities. In this sense, identifying a profile with the populations can cooperate for a better definition and situational understanding for that unit and/or patients. Objectives: to perform cross-mapping between the nursing diagnoses of NANDA-I with the manual nursing records in the post-anesthetic recovery room; and, to propose interventions and outcomes, according to standardized language. Method: exploratory, descriptive and retrospective analysis of the nursing records of 187 patients hospitalized from June to July 2018, in the post-anesthetic recovery room of an oncology hospital. Cross-mapping was carried out in three stages: identification of diagnostic indicators; proposition of interventions and activities; and outcomes indicators. The data were analyzed and described in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: of the 13 NANDA-I domains, five were highlighted; were identified five risk diagnoses and 11 focused on the problem; 100% frequency was observed for the diagnoses of: Aspiration, infection and falling risk; Impaired transfer capacity; Impaired bed mobility; Impaired skin/tissue integrity and impaired comfort. Conclusions: from the 16 nursing diagnoses mapped, were selected 22 interventions and 58 activities; 23 results and 48 outcomes indicators.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess first-year nursing students' data collection, identification of NANDA-I nursing diagnoses according to the data collected, and their perceptions of nursing diagnoses based on the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) model. Methodology: The study data were collected using the Perceptions of Nursing Diagnosis Survey and student questionnaire form, and the students' data collection forms and care plans. Results: The most commonly used diagnoses by students included impaired sleep pattern, lack of knowledge, and risk of infection. However, it was observed that none of the students made any diagnoses related to the activities of controlling body temperature, working and playing, or expressing sexuality. Conclusions: It was concluded that the students did not collect enough data related to the activity of expressing sexuality, had difficulty collecting data related to elimination, and had a moderately negative perception of nursing diagnoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To provide guidance to nurses caring for families with COVID‐19, we developed linkages using interoperable standardized nursing terminologies: NANDA International (NANDA‐I) nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). In addition, we wanted to identify gaps in the terminologies and potential new nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions for future development related to nurse roles in family care during a pandemic. Methods: Using a consensus process, seven nurse experts created the linkages focused on families during the COVID‐19 pandemic using the following steps: (1) creating an initial list of potential nursing diagnoses, (2) selecting and categorizing outcomes that aligned with all components of each nursing diagnosis selected, and (3) identifying relevant nursing interventions. Findings: We identified a total of seven NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses as the basis for the linkage work. These are distributed in three NANDA‐I Domains and based in the psychosocial dimension of the Nursing Care in Response to Pandemics model. Eighty‐nine different NOC outcomes were identified to guide care based on the nursing diagnoses, and 54 different NIC interventions were suggested as possible interventions. Fifteen new proposed concepts were identified for future development across the three classifications. Conclusions: The linkages of nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions provide a guide to enhance nursing practice and care documentation that could quantify the impact of nursing care to patient outcomes for families at risk for or infected by COVID‐19. Implications for Nursing Practice: NANDA‐I, NOC, and NIC linkages identified in this paper provide resources to support clinical decisions and guide critical thinking for nurses encountering care needs of families with COVID‐19. Documentation of these linkages provides data that can create new knowledge to enhance the care of families impacted by COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess first-year nursing students' data collection, identification of NANDA-I nursing diagnoses according to the data collected, and their perceptions of nursing diagnoses based on the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) model. Methodology: The study data were collected using the Perceptions of Nursing Diagnosis Survey and student questionnaire form, and the students' data collection forms and care plans. Results: The most commonly used diagnoses by students included impaired sleep pattern, lack of knowledge, and risk of infection. However, it was observed that none of the students made any diagnoses related to the activities of controlling body temperature, working and playing, or expressing sexuality. Conclusions: It was concluded that the students did not collect enough data related to the activity of expressing sexuality, had difficulty collecting data related to elimination, and had a moderately negative perception of nursing diagnoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen La estandarización de los procesos enfermeros es uno de los retos de los diferentes sistemas sanitarios a escala mundial así como el seguimiento de la pre-fragilidad. Actualmente, el modelo de estandarización de los planes de cuidados en Atención Primaria de Andorra no es suficiente y requiere la introducción de las nuevas tecnologías para hacerlo más eficaz. Así mismo, la pre-fragilidad necesita un seguimiento de Atención Primaria. Por ello, esta investigación pretende estandarizar el plan de cuidados de los pacientes potencialmente frágiles usando la taxonomía de la NANDA-I y el estándar semántico SNOMED CT empleando la metodología Delphi en tiempo real.

Purpose: To provide guidance to nurses caring for individuals with COVID‐19, we developed linkages using interoperable standardized nursing terminologies: NANDA International (NANDA‐I) nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). We also identified potential new NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses, NOC outcomes, and NIC interventions for future development related to nurses' role during a pandemic. Methods: Using a consensus process, seven nurse experts created the linkages for individuals during the COVID 19 pandemic using the following steps: (a) creating an initial list of potential nursing diagnoses, (b) selecting and categorizing outcomes that aligned with all components of each nursing diagnosis selected, and (c) identifying relevant nursing interventions. Findings: A total of 16 NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses were identified as the foundation for the linkage work, organized in two dimensions, physiological and psychosocial. A total of 171 different NOC outcomes were identified to guide care based on the nursing diagnoses and 96 NIC interventions were identified as suggested interventions. A total of 13 proposed concepts were identified for potential future development across the three classifications. Conclusions: The linkages of nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions developed in this article provide a guide to enhance nursing practice and determine the effectiveness of nurses' contribution to patient outcomes for individuals at risk for or infected by COVID‐19. Implications for nursing practice: NANDA‐I, NOC, and NIC linkages identified in this paper are an important example of the value of using standardized nursing terminologies to guide and document nursing care. When included in electronic health record databases and used widely, the data generated from the care plans can be used to create new knowledge about how to better improve outcomes for patients with COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: We developed linkages using interoperable standardized nursing terminologies, NANDA International (NANDA‐I) nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), to present initial guidance for the development of care plans focused on COVID‐19 for nurses practicing in community or public health roles. METHODS: Seven nurse experts identified the linkages of NANDA‐I, NOC and NIC for our work related to the COVID‐19 pandemic. A model was developed to guide the project. The first step in creating linkages focused on the identification of nursing diagnoses. Then, for each nursing diagnosis, outcomes aligned with all components of the diagnosis were categorized and a list of nursing interventions was selected. The experts used their clinical judgment to make final decisions on the linkages selected in this study. FINDINGS: Two community level nursing diagnoses were identified as key problems appropriate for a pandemic related to COVID‐19: Deficient Community Health and Ineffective Community Coping. For the nursing diagnosis Deficient Community Health, eight nursing outcomes and 12 nursing interventions were selected. In comparison for the nursing diagnosis, Ineffective Community Coping, nine nursing outcomes and 18 nursing interventions were identified. A total of40 concepts were identified for future development across the three classifications. CONCLUSIONS: The nursing diagnoses, outcomes and interventions selected during this linkage process provide knowledge to support the community challenged with responding to the COVID‐19 pandemic, provide the opportunity to quantify the impact of nursing care, and enhance nursing practice by promoting the use of three standardized terminologies. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: NANDA‐I, NOC and NIC linkages identified in this manuscript provide resources to support clinical decisions and care plan development for nurses practicing in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Individualized nursing care is provided in intensive care units (ICU) to improve the individual's bio-physiological, psychological and social well-being status by eliminating the problem directly affecting his/her life. Aim: This study was planned to determine the nursing diagnoses frequently used in neonatal and adult intensive care units and to evaluate their suitability according to the NANDA-I (The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association-International) list. Materials and Methods: The data of this descriptive study were collected by examining (Level I-III) nursing care plan records (n = 121) in neonatal (n = 35) and adult (n = 86) internal-surgical intensive care units in a training and research hospital between the years of 2008-2018. The data collection tool developed by the researchers considering the relevant literature information consisted of the information form and current NANDA-I list of nursing diagnoses grouped according to Gordon's Functional Health Patterns, where frequently used nursing diagnoses are recorded. Results: The most frequent problem-focused nursing diagnoses determined by the nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were found to be disturbed sleep pattern (85.7%), ineffective airway clearance (60%), and ineffective breastfeeding (42.7%), while the most frequent risk nursing diagnoses were found to be risk for infection (100%) and risk for falls (62.9%). On the other hand, the most frequent problem-focused nursing diagnoses determined in the adult intensive care unit (ICU) were found to be self-care deficit (79.1%), deficient knowledge (77.9%) and ineffective airway clearance (64.0%), while the most frequent risk nursing diagnoses were found to be risk for infection (87.2%) and risk for falls (79.1%). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was concluded that the determined nursing diagnoses did not include the primary responses of the individuals related to all life activities, did not achieve unity of standard nursing terminology, and were insufficient to comply with the NANDA-I terminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nursing diagnosis classification systems have been developed to help nurses identify problems and patient needs. However, the question of how classification systems have adopted the concept of health has been given little attention. Aim: The aim was to explore and analyse which perspectives on health are incorporated into the NANDA‐I‐based care plans of individuals with bipolar disorder. Methods: A document analysis was used to systematically review and analyse care plans based on nursing diagnosis classification system. Thematic analysis was used as an analytic tool. Findings: The results are presented in three themes: (i) health as strengths; (ii) health as satisfaction; and (iii) health as behaviour and functionality. Discussion: We discuss how health is deeply embedded in nursing diagnosis classification system‐based care plans. The care plans correspond to the holistic perspective, as they acknowledge the existence of health even during illness. Further, health is viewed as nonstatic and discussed from the perspective of person‐centred care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To assess the perceptions and attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward NANDA- I nursing diagnosis. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. A convenient sample was recruited from nursing students at Zarqa University/ Jordan. Perceptions toward NANDA- I Nursing Diagnosis scale and Positions on Nursing Diagnosis scale were used. Findings A total of 101 nursing students were included. A correct perception toward NANDA- I nursing diagnosis was evident. Attitudes toward NANDA appeared positive. However, insufficient distinction between nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis and feeling less comfort while using NANDA- I were reported. Conclusions Nursing students showed correct perceptions and positive attitudes toward the application of NANDA- I. Practice Implications Proper implementation of NANDA- I is a prerequisite to the better understanding of nursing language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decision support systems (DSSs) are recognized as important tools, capable of processing high volumes of data and increasing productivity. The usability of these tools affects their effectiveness. By evaluating the interactions between registered nurses (RNs) and the DSSs, this study explores how they impact RN decision-making. This study analyzed 24 months (2011-2012) of data collected in Brazil in two units of a large, public, urban hospital in São Paulo that uses a nurse documentation system with an embedded DSS based on NANDA-I. Using mixed effects logistic regression, this study analyzed the agreement between RNs and a DSS when selecting nursing diagnoses. Results suggest that the agreement is mediated by characteristics of the RNs (education and experience) as well as units and year of encounter. Surprisingly, disagreement between RN and DSS when selecting defining characteristics (DC) had positive effects on the odds of agreement on diagnoses. Our results suggest that DSSs support nurses' clinical decision making, but the nurse's clinical judgment is the mediating factor. More research is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the current problems in the health domain is the reuse and sharing the clinical information between different professionals, as they are written in natural language using specific terminologies. To overcome this issue it is necessary to use a common terminology, like SNOMED-CT, allowing an information reuse that offers the health professionals the quickest access to quality information. In order to use this terminology all the other terminologies have to be mapped to it. One solution to perform that mapping is using a lexical similarity approach. In this paper we analyze the appropriateness of 15 lexical similarity methods for mapping a set of NANDA-I labels to a set of SMOED-CT descriptions in Spanish. Our aim is to establish how to choose the best algorithm in this domain, from the recall and the precision point of view. After running six different tests, we have established that the three best algorithms where those that maximize the recall, because they always return the best solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: The authors piloted the use of the 'General Architecture for Text Engineering' (GATE) program in an analysis of writings from the nursing literature to determine if this standard language processing technique could be used to capture the use of complex nursing terms. This work was undertaken as an initial step in evaluating if widely-available natural language processing methods could be applied to narrative nursing notes in a way that a nursing diagnosis could be identified and extracted from a narrative text. Methods: For purposes of the pilot study, the complex nursing term 'powerlessness', which is identified as a NANDA-I nursing diagnosis, was selected as the test case. A PubMed search was performed on the term 'powerlessness' limited to articles in the nursing literature that contained abstracts, resulting in 232 articles published between 1981 to 2010 meeting the criteria. Three-sentence extracts from each abstract were analyzed by applying GATE to identify noun and adjective roots occurring in close proximity to the index word, and then identifying if these proximal words reflected the standardized defining characteristics, adjectives and qualifiers of the diagnostic term. Results: The analysis resulted identification 2,174 unique terms. While a few terms coincided with the NANDA-I defining characteristics of 'powerlessness', most of the established defining characteristics were not reflected in the use of the term. Conclusions: Machine language processing techniques are promising in identifying meanings and contextual use of words related to nursing concepts, but the use of such words in published papers does not represent definitions found in standard nursing nomenclature. Nursing writers use terms that are also understood outside the disciplinary domain, making standardization and coding particularly challenging. Future research in Nursing should apply the techniques described to clinical reports and to evaluate the match between clinical usage and standardized meanings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE. The aim of this paper is to describe an educational strategy for teaching standardized nursing languages (SNL) used in both the classroom and clinical components of a psychiatric–mental health nursing course at the associate degree level. DATA SOURCES. Data included a review of the relevant literature, teaching experiences, and faculty and student experiences. DATA SYNTHESIS. Enhancing associate degree student nurses' competency regarding diagnosis and interventions is essential to influence positive health outcomes. Use of diagnostic, outcome, and intervention classifications for learning nursing care promotes critical thinking, individualization of nursing care, and students' fluency with SNL. One possible teaching strategy to assist students to learn and use SNL was implemented through the use of a faculty-developed Student Nurse Documentation Packet. CONCLUSIONS. The educational strategy provided students opportunities to enhance their experience with the SNL to plan and document care of individuals experiencing psychiatric–mental health problems. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING. The educational strategy used in this program was judged to be successful. Research is needed to provide empirical evidence of the efficacy of this pedagogical strategy for increasing knowledge and enhancing students' competency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE. To describe a customized electronic medical record documentation system which provides an electronic health record, Epic, which was implemented in December 2006 using standardized taxonomies for nursing documentation. DATA SOURCES. Descriptive data is provided regarding the development, implementation, and evaluation processes for the electronic medical record system. Nurses used standardized nursing nomenclature including NANDA-I diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification, and Nursing Outcomes Classification in a measurable and user-friendly format using the care plan activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS. Key factors in the success of the project included close collaboration among staff nurses and information technology staff, ongoing support and encouragement from the vice president/chief nursing officer, the ready availability of expert resources, and nursing ownership of the project. Use of this evidence-based documentation enhanced institutional leadership in clinical documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]