1. Myocardial infarction coincides with increased NOX2 and N ε -(carboxymethyl) lysine expression in the cerebral microvasculature.
- Author
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Korn A, Baylan U, Simsek S, Schalkwijk CG, Niessen HWM, and Krijnen PAJ
- Subjects
- Aged, Biomarkers metabolism, Cerebral Arteries pathology, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Lysine biosynthesis, Male, Microvessels pathology, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction complications, Myocardial Infarction pathology, Neuroinflammatory Diseases complications, Neuroinflammatory Diseases pathology, Cerebral Arteries enzymology, Lysine analogs & derivatives, Microvessels enzymology, Myocardial Infarction enzymology, NADPH Oxidase 2 biosynthesis, Neuroinflammatory Diseases enzymology
- Abstract
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with mental health disorders, in which neuroinflammation and cerebral microvascular dysfunction may play a role. Previously, we have shown that the proinflammatory factors N
ε -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) are increased in the human infarcted heart microvasculature. The aim of this study was to analyse the presence of CML and NOX2 in the cerebral microvasculature of patients with MI., Methods: Brain tissue was obtained at autopsy from 24 patients with MI and nine control patients. According to their infarct age, patients with MI were divided into three groups: 3-6 hours old (phase I), 6 hours-5 days old (phase II) and 5-14 days old (phase III). CML and NOX2 in the microvasculature were studied through immunohistochemical analysis., Results: We observed a 2.5-fold increase in cerebral microvascular CML in patients with phase II and phase III MI (phase II: 21.39±7.91, p=0.004; phase III: 24.21±10.37, p=0.0007) compared with non-MI controls (8.55±2.98). NOX2 was increased in microvessels in patients with phase II MI (p=0.002) and phase III MI (p=0.04) compared with controls. No correlation was found between CML and NOX2 (r=0.58, p=0.13)., Conclusions: MI coincides with an increased presence of CML and NOX2 in the brain microvasculature. These data point to proinflammatory alterations in the brain microvasculature that may underlie MI-associated mental health disorders., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)- Published
- 2021
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