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The primary goal of this research is to develop hybrid non-ferrous material composites with high flexural and impact strengths by testing the mechanical, thermal, and corrosion properties of AA 6061 wheel rims with various silicon carbide (SiC) and zirconium sulphide (ZrSO4) compositions. This produces an alloy with high strength and perceptible hardenability that is used in a variety of marine space industries. Because of its exceptional strength-to-density ratio, it is a highly sought-after metal matrix composite in the automobile industry. This innovative composite material offers lower weight and higher impact strength when compared to the current wheel rim alloy. Designs of experiments based recommendations and results of simulations in order to prolong the life of the wheel rim.

Cyphos nitrate (Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium nitrate: [P66614][NO3]) is a well-known ionic liquid which is strongly hydrophobic and sustainable for the recovery of metal ions from waste matrix. In the present study, the ionic liquid was explored for the selectively separation of plutonium(IV) from uranium(VI), zirconium(IV), americium(III) and europium(III) present in the nitric acid medium in conjunction with 1,3-diisopropyl benzene (DIPB) as the diluent. The extraction factors of Pu(IV) were evaluated as a function of various experimental parameters such as the concentration of feed acidity, the concentration of ionic liquid, equilibration time, temperature, type of ionic liquid ions, etc. Facile formation of the anionic nitrato complex of Pu(IV) in the ionic liquid phase was found to be the driving force for the preferential extraction of Pu(IV) over other metal ions. Effect of radiation dose suggested the stability of the proposed ionic liquid by acquiring the similar extraction factors like that in the unirradiated ionic liquid phase. Remarkable separation factors of Pu(IV) over the aforementioned metal ions were computed and presented in the paper. Various thermodynamic parameters accompanied by the extraction as well as the back extraction processes of Pu(IV) from the loaded ionic liquid phase have been presented in detail.

Bumpers are essential components that shield passenger cars from slow-speed collisions. Automobiles have them mounted on the front and rear ends. It is believed that bumpers would be crucial in avoiding or restricting damage to automobiles. Various composite material combinations are being researched when a car frontal accident occurs in light of the impact requirements. By comparing it to the parent material, the unique hybrid fibre-metal laminate production clarifies problems such as deformation and stress. This research focuses on identifying the hybrid material composed of basalt fibre with aluminium and glass fibre combinations, inducing it with the properties of the existing parent material and fusing it together to form a laminated composite. It also focuses on identifying its specific features and mapping them with those of the existing ones. This project’s peculiarity strives to give the best bumper with a range of deformation between 0.017378 m and 0.03114 m for the 38 MPa tensile strength with a maximum stress prediction of 2.424 × 102 MPa that shows advantageous in day-to-day operations, and this is done by comparing simulation results.

Selective separation of zirconium(IV), from the simulated high-level liquid waste solution containing uranium(VI) and trivalent lanthanides, during reprocessing of fast reactor metal fuel was studied by extraction chromatography using N,N-di-octyl-2-hydroxyacetamide (DOHyA) impregnated on to Amberlite XAD-7 resin. The extraction behavior of Zr(IV), Nd(III) and U(VI) with varying concentrations of nitric acid was explored using a solvent impregnated resin with different compositions of DOHyA in XAD-7 [10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 (w/w) %]. The resin exhibited faster kinetics with more than 99 % recovery of Zr(IV) and with an apparent Langmuir adsorption capacity of ∼54 mg.g−1of Zr(IV) on to the resin phase. Quantitative (> 99%) and selective extraction of Zr(IV) with minimum loading of other trivalents and uranium was observed during column chromatography. Results of the study showed that Zr(IV) can be selectively separated in presence of trivalent lanthanides and U(VI).

In the present paper, duplex WC-Co/NiCrAlY coating is coated onto Ti6Al4V substrate and vacuum heat treatment is employed to investigate the corrosion behavior of heat treated samples as well as Ti6Al4V substrate for comparison. In this duplex coating system, High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) process is used to deposit NiCrAlY interlayer with a constant thickness of 200 μm and WC-Co ceramic top layer with varying thickness of 250 μm, 350 μm and 450 μm deposited by Detonation Spray (DS) process. Different heat treatment temperatures (600–1150 °C) were employed for the coated samples to study the microstructure and the effect on corrosion resistance of the duplex coatings. Potentiodynamic polarization tests were carried to investigate the corrosion performance of duplex coated heat treated samples and the substrate in Ringer’s solution at 37 °C and prepared the pH to 5.7. The microstructure upon corrosion after heat treatment was characterized by SEM analysis to understand the corrosion behavior. The results disclosed that at all heat treatment temperatures, all the coated samples exhibited better corrosion resistance than the base substrate. However, during 950 °C and 1150 °C heat treatment temperatures, it was observed highest corrosion potential than 600 °C and 800 °C. The 350 μm thickness, coated sample exhibited highest corrosion resistance compared to other two coated samples and the substrate at all heat treatment temperatures.

The titanium alloys are used in defense, aerospace, automobile, chemical plants and biomedical applications due to their very high strength and lightweight properties. However, corrosion is a life-limiting factor when Ti alloys are exposed to different chemical environments at high temperatures. In the present paper, duplex NiCrAlY/WC–Co coating is coated onto Ti6Al4V substrate to investigate the corrosion behavior of both coated samples and the substrate. The duplex coating was performed with NiCrAlY as the intermediate coat of 200 μm thickness deposited by HVOF process and WC–Co ceramic top coat with varying thicknesses of 250 μm, 350 μm and 450 μm deposited by DS process. Potentiodynamic polarization tests were employed to investigate the corrosion performance of duplex coated samples and substrate in Ringer’s solution at 37 °C and pH value was set to 5.7. Finally the results reveal that 350 μm thick coated samples showed highest corrosion resistance compared to 250 μm thick samples as well as bare substrate. However, the 450 μm thick coated sample showed poor corrosion resistance compared to the substrate. The scale formed on the samples upon corrosion was characterized by using SEM analysis to understand the degree of corrosion behavior.

Hybrid metal matrix composites are of great interest for researchers in recent years, because of their attractive superior properties over traditional materials and single reinforced composites. The machinabilty of hybrid composites becomes vital for manufacturing industries. The need to study the influence of process parameters on the cutting forces in turning such hybrid composite under dry environment is essentially required. In the present study, the influence of machining parameters, e.g. cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the cutting force components, namely feed force (Ff), cutting force (Fc), and radial force (Fd) has been investigated. Investigations were performed on 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt% Silicon carbide (SiC) and rice husk ash (RHA) reinforced composite specimens. A comparison was made between the reinforced and unreinforced composites. The results proved that all the cutting force components decrease with the increase in the weight percentage of the reinforcement: this was probably due to the dislocation densities generated from the thermal mismatch between the reinforcement and the matrix. Experimental evidence also showed that built-up edge (BUE) is formed during machining of low percentage reinforced composites at high speed and high depth of cut. The formation of BUE was captured by SEM, therefore confirming the result. The decrease of cutting force components with lower cutting speed and higher feed and depth of cut was also highlighted. The related mechanisms are explained and presented.

Aim: The present study was carried out at Institute Rabbit Farm of Southern Regional Research Centre, Mannavanur, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, India having sub-temperate climate with winter temperature during night hours going below 0°C with an objective of finding the influence of different factors such as breed, year, season and parity on different reproductive traits of broiler rabbits in order to come out with the best strategies for improving the productivity. Materials and Methods: A total of 1793 records (946 White Giant and 847 Soviet Chinchilla) for weight at mating (WM), weight at kindling (WK), gestation length (GL), litter size at birth (LSB) and litter size at weaning (LSW), litter weight at birth (LWB), and litter weight at weaning (LWW) were collected in the period between 2000 and 2009 and the data was analyzed using general linear model option of SAS 9.2. Results: The overall mean GL, WM, WK, LSB, LSW, LWB, and LWW were 31.68±0.04 days, 3.65±0.01 kg, 3.84±0.01 kg, 6.91±0.08, 5.49±0.09, 387.62±4.07 g, and 4.66±0.07 kg, respectively. The breed has significantly influenced GL, WK, LSW, LWB, and LWW. The LSB, LSW, LWB, and LWW were 7.05±0.11, 5.76±0.13, 399.55±5.88 g, and 4.87±0.10 kg, respectively in White Giant and corresponding values for Soviet Chinchilla were 6.78±0.11, 5.22±0.12, 375.91±5.64 g, and 4.46±0.09 kg, respectively. The year of kindling had significantly affected all the reproductive traits under study and is varying over different years. The parity significantly influenced the WM, WK, and LWW. The LWW increased from first (4.16±0.21 kg) to second parity (4.86±0.19 kg) and remained in the same range from third parity onward. WM was significantly higher in spring season (3.72±0.02) than the animals in rainy (3.59±0.02) and winter season (3.65±0.02). Better reproductive performance in terms of higher LSB, LSW, LWB, and LWW as observed in the present study might be due to conducive environmental conditions prevailing in the region. Conclusion: The significant effects of the non-genetic factors like year of kindling on all reproductive traits, season, and parity on some of the traits in rabbit breeds are indications that any future production enhancement strategy must take into consideration the environment by providing additional care, feed supplementation and better shelter management to the rabbits, so that the full genetic potential can be realized.

The present study focused on the Taguchi experimental design technique of Friction Stir Welds of dissimilar aluminum alloys (AA2024-T6 and AA6351-T6) for tensile properties. Effect of process parameters, rotational speed, Traverse speed and axial force, on tensile strength was evaluated. Optimized welding conditions for maximize tensile strength were estimated in order to improve the productivity, weld quality. Non-linear regression mathematical model was developed to correlate the process parameters to tensile strength. The results were verified by conducting the confirmation tests at identified optimum conditions.

The present study reports the prevalence of Whitespot syndrome virus (WSSV), Monodon baculovirus (MBV) and Hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) in the Penaeus monodon post larvae in Tamil Nadu, Southeast coast of India. The PCR diagnosis of postlarvae revealed that 9.2% of the samples were infected with WSSV as they were positive either in one step or nested PCR. The PCR diagnosis of samples also showed that 9.6 and 6.4% of the samples screened were positive for MBV and HPV, respectively. Dual infection with MBV and HPV was observed by PCR in 2.6% of the samples screened. Multiple infection with WSSV, MBV and HPV was observed at 1.6% of the samples by PCR. Wet mount squash preparation from the hepatopancreas of postlarvae revealed that 5.5, 5.2 and 1.8% of the samples tested were positive for MBV, HPV and dual infection with MBV and HPV, respectively.