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The accumulated amount of information about human morphology is enormous and this leads to a suitable environment for a new qualitative leap in the understanding of the human body. Material and Methods: Scientific publications available online. The methodology is: heuristic formation of the goal, systematic thinking, holistic approach, and comparison between the up-to-date embryology facts with the modern theories in physics and the traditional holistic philosophies of China. Aim: The purpose of this report is to validate STHB from an embryological point of view. Results: The embryonic period provides clear evidence for the spiral theory of the human body, demonstrating the center, its boundary, the equal importance of negative and positive structures, the primordial scale and the transition to different sub-scales, its short duration, and the clear transition to the next period of life. Conclusion: Most axioms of the STHB could be validated by human embryo development. As a disadvantage, one can consider the weak anthropological demonstration of the typical human characteristics that distinguish him from the animal world.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the eccentricity of the body as a function of mass, height, circumference and body mass index of the body in the section of equal torques of the upper and lower part of body. Results: 62 people between the age of 18 and 28 were examined. Very good correlations between the eccentricity of the equal torques of the upper and lower parts of the body and body mass, height, BMI and circumference of the body in the section were derived. We were hypothesized that the cross section of equal torques is an area in which all body movements are focused. We are considering this area as "kinetic center" of the body. As proof of the reality of this center it was point out the infrared photos of the human body. The position of the ‘kinetic center’ on infrared body image appears point on spinal cord with highest temperature. Conclusions: The obtained results can find applications in solving various scientific problems.

The bed scales determine the section, in which the torques of the upper and the down body parts are balanced. In this section the length and mass of the upper and down parts of the body were measured. Aim of the study: To investigate the ratio between the length of the upper and down part of the body in the cross-section of the equal torques of the upper and the down bodily parts. Results: 62 people between the ages of 18 and 28 were examined. The ratio Hup /Hdown in the cross-section of the equal torques of the upper and down bodily parts don’t depend from body height H and is equals to: Hup /Hdown =0.791 H (i.e. Hup /Hdown ~0.8 H). Conclusions: The ratio between the length of upper and down parts of the body in the crosssection of the equal torques of upper and lower bodily parts appears nearly an anatomical constant.

The bed-scales determine the section in which the torques of the upper and lower body is balanced. In this section, body circumference is measured and a relationship is sought between body circumference and body mass parameters (M, kg), body height (H, m), and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2 ). Aim of the study: Investigate the relationship between the circumference of the body in the cross section of the equal torques of the upper and the lower body and the body mass index of the body. Results: 64 people between the ages of 18 and 28 were examined. The high correlation coefficient between the body circumference and body mass and BMI, as well as low correlation coefficient between body circumference and body height were obtained. Conclusions: There is no statistically significant relationship between body circumference and height. At different body heights, equal body circumferences can be observed.

PURPOSE: The aim is to find out the mast cells (MCs) reaction in tongue after experimental acupuncture. METHODS: For experiments were carried 10 adults rats (28 months age). The needles used for the acupuncture is 0.22x13mm, and were placed for 10 minutes into standard acupuncture point Ex-HN-10 (Juquan) corresponding to that of humans. This point is located on the upper surface in the sagittal plane of the tongue and is close to the center of the tongue body. As normal consequence of every acupuncture is the forming of a needle tract and also here in the tissues of the rats tongue we could demonstrate this. This was done with a visualization method for the needle tract that we developed for tongue. The proximity of the needle tract was examined for MCs. Two stains were used for proper visualization: Toluidine blue and Bismarck brown staining. RESULTS: In close proximity of the needle tract we observed degranulation of MCs that was massive and few destroyed MCs in the needle tract itself. At a considerable distance from the MCs some discharged granules from them was found. CONCLUSIONS: There is a MCs reaction on the acupuncture of tongue that includes a degranulation of the MCs that was massive in proximity of the acupuncture needle tract. Some of the effects ot acupuncture could be due to the demonstrated MCs degranulation.

The Relationship between the cells and their names is part of the history of medicine. Purpose: Systematization of objects in histology and cytology named with the names of their discoverers or other persons, and introduction of the society with short historical reference. Tasks: 1. Making a table with the cells named after their researchers. 2. A Brief reference to the explorers. 3. Analysis of the reasons for the use of their name, including occupation and nationality. 3. Presentation of the results in the medical faculty and the Medical college. Material and methods: Book review of the available educational literature, as well as of contemporary publications online. Results: In the table we listed 54 cells with names of persons. Ten of them are associated with pathological conditions. They are named after personalities of different professions and nationalities, but mainly of anatomy and physiology researchers and physicians. The prevailing researchers are from Western Europe and Russia. Cells with different morphology are named after the same person. Conclusions: The names of some persons deserve to be written in the history of medicine. This does not override the need for a uniform anatomical nomenclature and a coherent classification of cells.

Summary of the current data on skeletal changes in osteoporosis and their presentation in an accessible form to the participants in the study of the project. Material and methods: Overview on the available literature. Results: A scheme for molecular changes in the skeleton in osteoporosis, as well as a figure with macroscopic changes. Conclusions: Promotion with appropriate materials on the topic can lead to an improvement in the prevention of osteoporosis. The understanding of the intimate mechanisms of the disease leads improve the kinesiological programs and produce new ones. Self-awareness of the patient is important for his active behaviour in preservation of his own health. The schemes are suitable for use with existing self-questionnaires and give information that is more detailed. Acknowledgment: This overview article is related to a scientific project of a medical college on the topic: Elaboration of a preventive program to improve the quality of life of persons at risk of disease from osteoporosis.

Changes occurring in acupuncture and sublingually administration of medicines also have a morphological basis, which can be objectively assessed. Objective: Refine of the methodology for evaluating morphological changes associated with tongue acupuncture. Material and methods: Selection of experimental animals and appropriate protocol for material collection, fixation, staining and counting of selected morphological structures and elements. Results: The samples fixed with formalin 10% were fixed well, the consistency of the tissues remained hard and the cuts were obtained well in all thicknesses (from 5 to 15 μm). Cuts from 5 to 7 μm are suitable for visualizing the structure of the tongue. The sagittal cuts provide the largest area for single-cut exploration, as well as are more suitable than others to track the acupuncture channel in the chosen for our study point. Conclusions: The study can be carried out in rats, but if possible, it is preferable to take the material from pigs. The use of formalin 10% gives a better texture to the material and facilitates the cutting with the microtome. It is necessary to use a variety of colorings due to the wide range of structures that are involved with the acupuncture needle tract.

The present report describes the first clinically manifested and serologically proven case of Dirofilaria immitis infection in a cat in Bulgaria. A 10-year-old intact male cat was referred to the Small Animal Clinic, Trakia University with a history of anorexia, weight loss, intermittent coughing and itching skin lesions on the head and neck. Physical examination revealed abnormal heart sounds and respiration, cyanosis of the mucous membranes, and generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes. Mild infestation with hard ticks and fleas was also detected during the initial skin inspection. In addition, adult Otodectes cynotis mites were observed in the skin lesions. The fecal sample was positive for larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and eggs of Toxocara cati . Blood serology revealed antigens of D. immitis as well as antibodies against both feline immunodeficiency virus and D. immitis . Thoracic radiographic findings included a pronounced generalized reticular interstitial pattern; alveolar and bronchial shades with multiple nodular thickenings throughout the lungs. Electrocardiography demonstrated a sinus tachycardia, a peaked P-wave (P-pulmonale) and an abnormally low ST-segment. The clinical signs disappeared after treatment with selamectin, doxycycline and corticosteroids. Despite the improvement in general health condition, the cat suddenly died several months later., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Authors state no conflict of interest., (© 2021 A. S. Tonev, Z. Kirkova, P. T. Iliev, A. Roussenov, T. Chaprazov, R. Roydev, N. Pirovski, published by Sciendo.)