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Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH)-pyometra (CEH-P) is one of the most common reproductive disorders in bitches, posing a risk to both future fertility and life. The aims of the current study were to elucidate the differential expression patterns of inflammatory mediators at transcript and protein levels in the endometrium and to assess the concentrations of key inflammatory mediators in the peripheral circulation of bitches with different graded CEH-P. A total of 25 client-owned intact mixed breed bitches of 3-10 years presented to the outpatient department of RVP-TVCC of the institute were considered for the study. Of which, 22 cases suggestive of pyometra and 3 cases of CEH obtained during routine elective ovariohysterectomy were subjected to histopathological examination. Uteri were categorized into CEH (n = 3), moderate CEH-P (mCEH-P, n = 9), severe CEH-P (sCEH-P, n = 6) and atrophic pyometra (AT-P, n = 7). A group of age matched (n = 12) bitches without pyometra served as control. Endometrial transcripts such as IL6, IL8, PTGS2, PGFS, and SLPI were expressed differentially in the CEH and CEH-P bitch. In addition, a strong immunoreactivity (IR) of IL6, IL8, PTGS2, and mPGES1 was recorded in the sCEH-P uterus, while expression of IL10 was noticed in AT-P. In circulation, serum IL6 was the most relevant marker with high sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 84.6% at a cut off concentration 8.5 pg/mL followed by SLPI with 95.2% sensitivity, and 84.6% specificity at cut off concentration of 1.3 ng/mL. Serum IL10, PGFM and SLPI concentration in the peripheral circulation were 1.5-2.23 fold higher in mCEH-P, 0.87-2.5 fold higher in sCEH-P and 2.9-3.5 fold higher in AT-P than that of control. It is concluded that monitoring the serum concentration of IL6, IL10 and SLPI would be useful adjunct to the established hematobiochemical parameters in the management of pyometra in the bitch with critical illness.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of seasonal variation on the frequency of post-farrowing dysgalactia syndrome (PFDS), sow body condition score (BCS), piglet survival, and weaning to estrus interval under intensive management systems. In addition, the effects of PFDS on litter characteristics and serum biochemistry, oxidative stress indices, thyroid, and cortisol profile were examined in order to identify potential biomarkers in the pre-farrowing stage. The study was conducted in summer and winter seasons in Nagaland, India, on 50 sows from 30 days before farrowing until weaning at 45 days. Sows were classified retrospectively into PFDS and non-PFDS. Although statistically, no significant difference was noted in the occurrence of PFDS between the seasons, the proportion of PFDS development was substantially higher in winter than summer (37.5 vs. 26.9%). In winter, the incidence of piglet stillbirth and sow weaning to estrus period was significantly higher (p 0.05) and the mean litter size at weaning was significantly lower (p 0.01). At weaning, the mean litter weight and average daily weight gain were decreased (p 0.05) in both summer and winter, and the total number of piglets died in each litter was increased in sows afflicted with PFDS compared with healthy sows. A significant interaction effect of peripartum days and PFDS was observed in the changes of blood glucose, albumin (p 0.05), and HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.07) concentration. Mean T

The Present Study Test of 2337 contributions and 4219 contributors of the library management journal Published in EBSCOHOST from 2012 – 2016. The evaluate covers mainly the number of articles, authorship pattern, subject wise distribution of articles, forms of documents cited, year wise distribution of cited journals etc. The result shows that out of 138 articles single author contributed 1046 (46%) articles while the rest 1271 (54%) articles were contributed by joint authors. This study showsthat Majority of the articles contributed by author which appeared under subject Library Management 166(7.10%).Maximum number of the references 3083(26.8%) produced in 2012, the highest contribution. It reveals that maximum number of the journals contributed by the authors appeared under journals in library management 157(6.70%). The Study alsofound that most of the contributions are from foreign authors with 95.43 % and the rest 4.57 % only from Indian authors., {"references":["1.\tXi, Qingkui, Hu, Wenliang, & Xin, Wen. (2016). Computer Vision-BasedLibrary Management System, Science & Technology Libraries, 35(2), 172-182. 2.\tLondhe, Nagesh, Patil, Suresk K. (2015). Success and Abandonmentof OSS Library Management Systems. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 35(6), 398-407. 3.\tDharanikumar, P., Banateppanavar, Koteppa, Girish, S, & Jayaraj, A.N. (2014). Bradford's Zone to LIS Publications Published in LibraryManagement Journal from 2010-2012: A Citation Study. Library Philosophy and Prctice, 24-25. 4.\tMiriam Matteson, Schlueter Elizabeth. &Hidy Morgan. (2013). Continuing Education in Library Management: Challenges and Opportunities. Library Management, 34(3), 219-235. 5.\tKamble, V.T. Raj., Hans, Sangeeta. (2012). Open Source LibraryManagement and Digital Library Software. DESIDOC Journal of Library& Information Technology, 32 (5), 388-392. 6.\tYahia Zare Mehrjerdi (2017) \"Library Performance Evaluation in a Dynamic Environment Using Patron Satisfaction\", The Electronic Library, 35 (2), 374-390."]}

Aims: Metoclopramide has been used as a gastro-kinetic agent but the safety and effects of different preparations of metoclopramide on preparation for outpatient endoscopy are largely unknown. The study aimed to evaluate the (1) Safety of using ODT (orally disintegrating tablet) or TT (traditional tablet) metoclopramide pre-endoscopy in non-fasting patients compared with placebo (2) Impact of ODT or TT metoclopramide on sedation and recovery times compared with placebo. Methods: A double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial with 3 arms; Metoclopramide ODT (n = 43), Metoclopramide TT (n = 43) and Placebo (n = 43). Results: Metoclopramide ODT had fewer adverse events compared with TT or placebo. Recovery time was significantly shorter with use of either metoclopramide versus placebo (P < 0.001) & total sedation time was also significantly shorter in the metoclopramide groups versus placebo (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Metoclopramide ODT is safe and beneficial in endoscopic procedures requiring limited access to food and liquid.

Background: Melatonin is a safe and effective treatment for patients with functional pain and gastrointestinal disorders. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of melatonin for 3 months in patients with functional heartburn. Methods: In the randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study, patients with functional heartburn were treated with omeprazole 20 mg before breakfast and randomized to receive either melatonin 6 mg (n = 20), nortripty line 25 mg (n = 20), or placebo (n = 20) at bedtime for 3 months. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Health-Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQOL) scores were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Results: Melatonin improved GERD-HRQOL scores compared with nortriptyline (P = 0.0015) and placebo (P

To study the mechanism of transgene's integration in the host genome, first step is to clone the integration-site sequence. The method employed for this purpose includes selection from genomic pool, IPCR, TAIL-PCR and plasmid rescued. Different method fits different cases depending on how the transgenics have been produced. The data of integration-site sequences showed some similar features existed.

Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a recent epidemic in the United States, particularly in the hospital setting. Oral metronidazole is standard therapy for C. difficile infection, but resistance to metronidazole is becoming a clinical challenge. Methods: We evaluated the efficacy of the nonsystemic oral antibiotic rifaximin for the treatment of metronidazole-resistant C. difficile infection. Twenty-five patients with C. difficile infection were enrolled in the study. All had mild-to-moderate C. difficile infection (5—10 bowel movements a day without sepsis) unresponsive to metronidazole (i.e. stools positive for toxins A and B after oral metronidazole 500 mg three times daily [t.i.d.] for 5 days). After discontinuation of metronidazole, rifaximin 400 mg t.i.d. for 14 days was prescribed. Patients were followed for 56 days and stool was tested for C. difficile using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the effect of treatment. A negative PCR test result was interpreted as a favorable response to rifaximin. Results: Sixteen of 22 patients (73%) were eligible for study inclusion and completed rifaximin therapy experienced eradication of infection (stool negative for C. difficile) immediately after rifaximin therapy and 56 days post-treatment. Three patients (12%) discontinued therapy because of abdominal distention. Rifaximin was generally well tolerated. Conclusions: In conclusion, rifaximin may be considered for treatment of mild-to-moderate C. difficile infection that is resistant to metronidazole. Larger randomized trials are needed to confirm these positive findings.

Nonfat ice cream was made with a mix composition of 12% milk SNF, 12% sucrose, 5% corn syrup solids, 3.5% maltodextrin, and 0.25% stabilizer blend. Two emulsifiers at three levels each and one gum at three levels were evaluated in nonfat ice creams. Emulsifiers were 52% α-monoglyceride and 72% α-monoglyceride, and the gum was hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose. A portion of the mix was retained as the control, which contained no emulsifier or additional food gum, and was evaluated in addition to the nine treatments. Mean fat content of the mix was 0.14%, and total solids content was 34.16%. Results indicated differences between treatments in whipability and stability to heat shock; however, there were no differences in meltdown. There was about a 10-μm increase in mean ice crystal size for treatments when compared after 1 and 12 wk of storage. Addition of either emulsifier to nonfat ice cream reduced the mean ice crystal size when compared with the control or gum, which is a major factor in improvement of the texture of nonfat ice cream. The sensory panel preferred the nonfat ice cream with 0.25% added monoglyceride and diglyceride with 72% α-monoglyceride content stabilizer over the control with respect to coarseness and iciness, coldness intensity, and overall body and texture scores.

With globalization, English has become an economic necessity and Indians have realized that they have the ‘English advantage’ over many other countries like China and Japan. India has shed its colonial complexes towards English and has come to terms with the language; Indians have separated the English language from the English. The Story of English in India presents historical facts in a socio-cultural framework. The book is a must for all teachers and students of English; it will be useful for all those interested in the politics of language and education in India.

Renewal of the Charter By 1830 it was becoming increasingly difficult for the Company to run the administration with only English officials and without the appointment of English-knowing and loyal Indians. At the same time, the evangelists found a great supporter of their cause in William Bentinck, who became the Governor General in 1828. William Bentinck was a friend of Charles Grant. Bentinck wrote a letter to the Committee of Public Instruction on the need to make English the official language of the Government and the language of education: … his Lordship in Council has no hesitation in stating to your Committee and in authorizing you to announce to all concerned in the superintendence of your native seminaries, that it is the wish and admitted policy of the British Government to render its own language gradually and eventually the language of public business throughout the country, and that it will omit no opportunity of giving every reasonable and practical degree of encouragement to the extension of this project. (Edwards, 1967:114) Earlier, in 1824, the Committee received a despatch in which the Court of Directors of the Company had stated their aims and objectives regarding the medium of instruction, and their intentions in granting one lakh rupees for the revival and improvement of literature and the encouragement of the learned natives of India. The Despatch of 1824 made it very clear that the provision made in the Act of 1813 was only ‘to make a favourable impression by our encouragement of their literature upon the minds of the natives’ and ‘the great end should not have been to teach Hindoo learning but useful learning’ (Sharp, 1911: 91–2).

Globalization is not something new; there were several earlier waves of globalization - religionization, colonization, imperialization and contemporary globalization. Hyperglobalizers argue for the present wave of globalization, localizers argue for 'reverse globalization' and 'hetrogenization' and a third group advocates 'glocalization'. What is called globalization is nothing but 'economic globalization' for a select few and 'virtual globalization' for the tech-savvy technocrats. Yet, there is no ideological globalization' for which we need to think of strategies for promoting inclusive glocalization. To bring this into fruition, the focus should be on education and judicious use of technology. Furthermore, globalization is threatening the very existence of local culture and languages and hence, the twin objectives, modernization without Westernization, must be built into our educational system. In the field of education, this necessitates the production of local materials without ignoring the global trends which should be our response to the perils of the present-day globalization and for initiating 'inclusive globalization'.

241 REDUCING ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN WITH INTERFERON THERAPY SUPPRESSES HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS IN HEPATITIS C VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS WHO ARE VIROLOGICAL RESPONDERS AND NON-RESPONDERS Y. Asahina, K. Tsuchiya, N. Tamaki, M. Sato, T. Tanaka, I. Hirayama, Y. Yasui, K. Ueda, T. Kuzuya, H. Nakanishi, J. Itakura, M. Kurosaki, N. Izumi. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan E-mail: asahina@musashino.jrc.or.jp

Manufacturing activity plays a major role in the industrial and economic development of a country. Effective planning and control of manufacturing is the key to performance of the manufacturing firms. The research question addressed in this paper is what factors of manufacturing planning and control (MPC) system discriminate the high MPC performers from the low MPC performers. In order to find out this, significant factors of MPC system have been extracted by performing multivariate analysis of data collected from batch manufacturing firms in India. Further, a parsimonious representation of MPC performance of these firms through factor analysis has been carried out. Through a discriminant analysis using the MPC system factors and MPC performance factors, the significant discriminating factors have been obtained. Finally, a few hypotheses have been formulated and tested to identify the significant factors that have to be addressed while designing the MPC system in batch manufacturing firms.

A standard weak acid electron exchanger based on hydroquinone phenol formaldehyde (HPF) has been prepared by standard procedure [L. K. Edward and P. W. Richard, Chem. Abstr., 49, 7780b (1955)]. Similarly, three new electron exchangers based on hydroquinone, polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde, and acrylonitrile (HPFA) have been synthesized and compared with the standard HPF electron exchanger.

Water transport studies have been conducted for interpolymer ion-exchange membranes. From the volume changes observed in a laboratory scale electrodialysis cell, water transport at different current densities for three uni-univalent salts has been calculated. It is also observed that at lower current densities the water transport is higher and at higher current densities water transport decreases and approaches a limiting value.

In developing countries like India, the subject of indigenous R&D versus importation of technology is always much discussed. It is, therefore, desirable for national R&D policy makers to know just how much R&D a company may be reasonably expected to undertake. In this paper, we attempted to provide an approach for determining “reasonable amount of R&D effort” the manufacturing organizations should make in a given environment. These organizations are considered as systems, open to the influences of the environment in which they exist and use R&D as one of the means of adaptation to changes in the environment. Each of the relevant environmental factors is defined, detailed, and presented on a continuum. The paradigm presented leads to a conceptually simple method similar to that of job evaluation to arrive at the “reasonable R&D expenditure levels.”

Optically active anion-exchange resins based on a porous, low-crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer matrix were synthesized and were used in the frontal and displacement chromatographic resolution of dl-racemates of sodium mandelate and mandelic acid. The synthetic aspects and the results of the resolution experiments are discussed in the light of the nature of the functional group and the matrix of the optically active resin. The nature of the matrix of the resin was found to play a significant role in resolution.

The cation-exchange resins based on α-pinene and furfural were characterized systematically as to their polyfunctionality, rate of exchange and thermal stability. Equilibrium studies for univalent and bivalent ions were also conducted.

Three anion exchangers, namely, MFH, PVC-TP, and De-Acidite FF-IP (a commercially available strong base anion exchanger) were converted into a copper complex, and the resulting complex was preferably reduced with an alkaline solution of sodium hydrosulfite and studied for the redox properties.

A weak-base anion-exchange resin based on Styrene-furfural polymer has been prepared and characterized. A suitable composition to the repeating unit in the polymer has been proposed and supported by experimental evidences.

Polarization studies have been conducted for interpolymer ion exchange membranes by following the pH changes during electrodialysis from which the stagnant layer thickness was calculated. The pH changes are normal while an anion exchange membrane is used as a test membrane.

A strong acid ferromagnetic cation-exchange resin based on styrene divinylbenzene polymer has been prepared and characterized.

A crosslinked polymer based on α-pinene and furfural suitable for processing into ion exchangers was prepared. The polymer has been processed chemically into different types of cation exchange resins. The role of various parameters such as catalyst concentration, proportion of crosslinking agent, etc., for preparing the polymer is systematically studied and presented. Similarly, the conditions for preparing the various cation exchange resins (sulfonic, phosphonic, and hydroxy phosphonic acid type from the polymer) are also described. A probable/possible composition for the repeating unit in the basic polymer is proposed and supported by experimental evidences.

The need for R&D has been well recognized by the manufacturing companies in India, but it is felt that R&D has not been generally effective in having a marked impact on the growth of their business. One of the reasons for this could be discrepancies in their R&D objectives. This paper presents the results of an empirical study of the R&D objectives of a few manufacturing companies in India viewed against the background of their environments. The analysis points to the discrepancies observed in R&D objectives and hints at suitable corrective measures.

N-1,1′-(3,3′-Disulphonato-4,4′-biphenylene)-bis-(3-N-hydroxy-3-N-phenyl-triazene) has been studied as spectrophotometric reagent for Pd and Mo. Instantaneous development of colour, stability of the complexes over a wide range of pH, time and temperature are some desirable qualities of the reagent. The tolerance of the reagent to the presence of neutral salts and other members of the Pt group metals is quite high. The absorbance measurements are carried out at 430 (Pd) and 420 nm (Mo). The standard deviation is 0.004 on the average (2–8 ppm Pd; 2–15 ppm Mo).

Two weakly basic anion exchangers have been investigated for the selective uptake of cations. The cashewnut- shell liquid - tetraethylene pentamine resin absorbs copper, nickel and cobalt at different pH of external solution. The unbuffered melamine-based resin was specific for copper, which could be separated from nickel and cobalt completely.

Tulsion-14 (commercially available phenol sulphonic acid cation exchanger) and Tulsion-WB (commercially available weak base anion exchanger) have been used both in the granular and heterogeneous membrane forms for demineralisation. By the column technique, three different sources of water have been investigated, and the quality of water obtained and the operational details presented. The system has been found to offer an economic means for demineralisation of moderately brackish waters. The physico-chemical properties of cation and anion-exchange membrane prepared from the above resins by a patented prodceure have been tabulated. Electrodialysis cells of different sizes with varying numbers of membrane pairs have been constructed and operated, and the results presented. Natural brackish well waters and diluted sea water have been investigated. Pilot plant runs are reported and the influence of linear velocity of flow on current efficiency brought out for the system. The prices of the membranes are found to be lower than most commercially available ones.