Search

Abstract The authors report the key findings from an experimental study that explored the use of activated bentonite for the reclamation of thermally aged ester‐based transformer nanofluids to improve their insulation performance. Bentonite activated with acid treatment caused an increase in the specific surface area and pore volume of bentonite compared to the bentonite sample before treatment, thus imparting an improved adsorption capability. Physico‐chemical diagnostic studies were carried out to characterise the activated bentonite. The insulation performance of the reclaimed natural ester and nano‐filled ester fluid samples was assessed by measuring the corona inception voltage and breakdown voltage of each fluid sample, apart form measuring the flow electrification current using the spinning disk method. The results revealed that the reclamation process improved the corona inception voltage, dissipation factor and the breakdown voltage of the base ester fluid sample due to attraction of carbon particles to activated bentonite, but no significant variation was observed with nanofluids due to the depletion of the electrical double layer. The flow electrification current of ester and ester nanofluids reduced after treatment with activated bentonite, may be attributed to the interaction between copper and bentonite that alters the double layer formation responsible for the separation of charges.

In this paper, the design and the development of a remote system for continuous monitoring of leakage currents and ground currents in high voltage electrical substations are proposed. Based on wireless local area network technology, the system can be used to monitor continuously a variety of plants within the substation and has low power consumption with inbuilt overvoltage protection. It consists of a transmitter module equipped with a data acquisition (DAQ) system connected to leakage current and voltage sensors, and a receiver module connected to a remote controller for data processing and storage. The principle of operation and the characteristics of the various components of the system are described. Validation tests have been used to verify its performance in three different test situations: A) laboratory monitoring of the leakage current and voltage of a distribution surge arrester; B) laboratory measurement of the leakage current of an outdoor insulator; and C) field monitoring of the earth current and potential rise of high-voltage tower. The measured results are in close agreement with those recorded directly through a DAQ card with fiber-optic and coaxial cable connected systems. Data processing is carried out at the receiving end so that the monitored parameter is displayed continuously or at specified time intervals. The operation of the system has been tested and proved resilient under high-frequency interference signals such as those generated by corona and surface discharges.

In this work, a method is proposed for the calculation of the electromagnetic field radiated by a grounding system in a semi-infinite dissipative medium subjected to a current excitation generated by the lightning strike. The assessment of the induced current distribution on the grounding system due to a transient excitation is obtained by solving Pocklington’s equation using the method of moments. A new method for the calculation of the transient electromagnetic field following the injection of a lightning current or short circuit is also developed. This method is based on the concept of the hertzian dipoles and the asymptotic expansion of a single dipole. A MATLAB computer program has been developed for the determination of the induced currents. The program is validated by comparing its results with those obtained with the commercial software NEC 4.

ABSTRACT: The chemical 1-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl) -3-(4-nitrophenyl) urea abbreviated as (APNU) were synthesized by using diamino pyridine and 4-nitrophenylisocyanate, the synthesized crystal crystallizes in Triclinic system with Pī Space group, with parameters as a = 7.138 (4), b = 7.626 (5), c = 15.261 (10), α=80. 040° (12) β = 89.480° (14), γ=86. 653° (13) and volume V = 816.79 (13) Å3. Single crystal XRD reveals that the versatile sensor having N-H ... O and N ... O interactions which imparts more stabilization to the molecule, that was proved by FT-IR, Raman, NMR and mass spectral studies. The optimized molecular structure, vibrational analysis, electronic properties of title compound was calculated by using density functional theory (DFT) Method. The structure of the synthesized compound resembles with active NAMPT (Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyl transferase) protein to investigate the bio molecular interactions. This resemblance is helpful in calculating the activities of newly designed inhibitors on the basis of docking scores through Molecular docking studies.

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to a constellation of clinical symptoms caused by acute myocardial ischemia. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are major and growing contributors to mortality and disability in India. Aims and Objectives: Especially patients with non-ACSrelated troponin elevations have an adverse outcome and require careful patient management. So, we look forward for another marker Heart-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (H-FABP) that reliably detects myocardial ischemia in the absence of necrosis and would be useful for initial identification and for differentiating patients with chest pain of aetiology other than coronary ischemia. Materials and Methods: The study was done on 88 subjects of whom 34 subjects were with ischemic chest pain, 29 were with non-ischemic chest pain and 25 were normal subjects. Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was done which showed that area under the curve (AUC) for H-FABP was 0.885(0.79-0.94) and that of high-sensitive Troponin T (hs-TnT) in initial six hours was 0.805(0.70-0.88). The specificity of H-FABP was higher compare to hs-TnT while sensitivity was comparable during 0-6 h of presentation of chest pain. Conclusion: H-FABP can be used as an additional marker to hsTnT in diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) and for exclusion of non-AMI (acute myocardial infarction) patients.

The molecules of the title compound, C15H14N2O3, possesses crystallographically imposed twofold rotational symmetry, so the asymmetric unit contains one half-molecule. The fused-ring system deviates significantly from planarity; the planes of the five- and six-membered rings are twisted with respect to each other by 3.0 (1)°. In the crystal, weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds link molecules related by translation in [010] into chains.

The molecular structure of the title compound, C14H18Br2N2O2, has one half-molecule in the asymmetric unit. The molecule has a crystallographic inversion centre in the middle of the benzene ring. The C—C—N—C torsion angle between the benzene ring and the bromoamide group is 149.2 (7)°. The crystal is stabilized by a strong intermolecular N—H...O bond and weak C—H...O interactions. These contacts give rise to a three-dimensional network.

In the title compound, C15H15NO, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 2.25 (2)°. The C—C—C—O atoms of the propanol side chain are in a gauche conformation [torsion angle = −60.5 (2)°]. In the crystal, O—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into C(2) chains propagating in [100]. The O-bonded H atom is disordered over two sites of equal occupancy.

In the title compound C14H14BrNO3, the coumarin ring system is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.008 Å) and an intramolecular C—H...O interaction generates an S(6) ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, with the C=O unit of the coumarin ring system acting as the acceptor group, generating [010] C(8) chains. The chain connectivity is reinforced by two C—H...O interactions.

In the title compound, C14H10BrF3O4, the coumarin ring system is almost plannar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.025 Å) and a short C—H...F contact occurs. The propanoate fragment is orientated almost perpendicular to the ring [dihedral angle = 71.80 (12)°]. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating [100] chains.

Objectives: To evaluate in clinical practice the persistence and safety of golimumab, together with the evolution of disease activity and patient reported outcomes, in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). This article focuses on the outcomes of golimumab treatment in axSpA patients., Methods: Golimumab persistence 24 months after initial prescription (primary outcome) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Secondary outcomes included evaluations of disease activity evolution (ASDAS and BASDAI), patient-reported outcomes (EQ-5D, SF-12 and HAQ), and golimumab's safety profile., Results: Of 478 axSpA patients, 60.9% were biologic-naïve. Mean age and proportion of females were higher in biologics-pretreated patients (46.8 vs. 40.2 years, p<0.001 and 62.0% vs. 49.8%, p=0.009, respectively). Golimumab persistence at 24 months was 52.6% [95% CI 47.9-57.1%] in the axSpA cohort. It was 59.2% [95% CI 53.1-64.8%] and 42.7% [95% CI 35.3-49.8%] respectively, for biologics-naïve and biologics-pretreated patients (p<0.01), and 65.9% [95% CI 58.9-72.0%] and 41.5% [95% CI 35.2-47.6%], respectively for males and females (p<0.01). Reasons for golimumab discontinuation were primary non-response (37.4%), secondary non-response (24.8%) and intolerance (21.5%). Disease activity and patient reported outcomes improved significantly for those who persisted at 24 months and were higher for biologics-naïve patients., Conclusions: Golimumab persistence at 2 years in axSpA patients was 52.6%. Previous treatment with another biologic and female gender were associated with earlier discontinuation. Golimumab was a well-tolerated therapy for axSpA, with no new safety signals observed.

Objectives: GO-PRACTICE aimed to evaluate the persistence, clinical response and safety of golimumab in adult patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease., Methods: Prospective observational study with 24 months of follow-up, involving 134 rheumatologists from public or private health establishments in France. The primary outcome was the persistence of golimumab 24 months after initial prescription. Cumulative persistence probabilities were determined from Kaplan-Meier estimates. Secondary outcomes included an evaluation of disease activity and golimumab safety profile., Results: Of 754 consecutively recruited patients, 170 had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (54.3 years, 74.1% female, 64.7% biologics-naïve), 106 had psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (48.1 years, 70% female, 66.0% biologics-naïve) and 478 had axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) (42.8 years, 54.6% female, 60.9% biologics-naïve). Golimumab persistence at 2 years was 56.5%, 45.1% and 52.6%, respectively, in RA, PsA and axSpA groups. Persistence was higher in biologics-naïve (58.3%) than in biologics pre-treated patients (42.7%, p<0.01). For 362 patients continuing golimumab at 2 years, disease activity improved significantly from baseline to 2 years: mean 28-joint disease activity score for RA and PsA was lowered by 2.06 and 1.89 points, and mean ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score was lowered by 3.11 points (p<0.0001) for axSpA. Patient appreciation of disease activity also improved; 8.9% of discontinuations were due to intolerance., Conclusions: Golimumab persistence was satisfactory at 2 years and accompanied by improvements in clinical effectiveness in 362 patients continuing golimumab at 2 years. Golimumab was well tolerated and its safety profile was consistent with those reported in previous studies.