Search

The presence of genetic variation for specific traits in populations is of great importance for the development of crop improvement programs and the establishment of appropriate techniques for selection. In the winter of 2021, experiments were conducted to examine the extent of genetic variation in 50 genotypes of rice. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of highly significant differences in all 12 traits examined, indicating the presence of genetic variation between genotypes. The PCV was slightly greater than GCV for all the traits indicating the possibility for genetic improvement for these traits through direct selection. The PCV and GCV estimates were moderate for days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, spikelet fertility and test weight, indicating that environmental factors are more important than genotype alone. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance were high for days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, total number of grains per panicle, panicle length, panicle weight, test weight, single plant yield, spikelet fertility. It is indicated that greater influence of additive gene action and it is effective for improvement of the traits in the study.

Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common cause for hospitalization and antibiotic overuse. We aimed to improve antibiotic duration for CAP across 41 hospitals participating in the Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium (HMS). Methods This prospective collaborative quality initiative included patients hospitalized with uncomplicated CAP who qualified for a 5-day antibiotic duration. Between 23 February 2017 and 5 February 2020, HMS targeted appropriate 5-day antibiotic treatment through benchmarking, sharing best practices, and pay-for-performance incentives. Changes in outcomes, including appropriate receipt of 5 ± 1–day antibiotic treatment and 30-day postdischarge composite adverse events (ie, deaths, readmissions, urgent visits, and antibiotic-associated adverse events), were assessed over time (per 3-month quarter), using logistic regression and controlling for hospital clustering. Results A total of 41 hospitals and 6553 patients were included. The percentage of patients treated with an appropriate 5 ± 1–day duration increased from 22.1% (predicted probability, 20.9% [95% confidence interval: 17.2%–25.0%]) to 45.9% (predicted probability, 43.9% [36.8%–51.2%]; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per quarter, 1.10 [1.07–1.14]). Thirty-day composite adverse events occurred in 18.5% of patients (1166 of 6319) and decreased over time (aOR per quarter, 0.98 [95% confidence interval: .96–.99]) owing to a decrease in antibiotic-associated adverse events (aOR per quarter, 0.91 [.87–.95]). Conclusions Across diverse hospitals, HMS participation was associated with more appropriate use of short-course therapy and fewer adverse events in hospitalized patients with uncomplicated CAP. Establishment of national or regional collaborative quality initiatives with data collection and benchmarking, sharing of best practices, and pay-for-performance incentives may improve antibiotic use and outcomes for patients hospitalized with uncomplicated CAP.

Bacillus coagulans strain JBI-YZ6.3 is a safe probiotic bacterium isolated from food-grade tapioca starch. The complete genome of B. coagulans JBI-YZ6.3 comprises one circular chromosome of 3.5 Mb and contains no toxigenic and antibiotic resistance genes, providing molecular information to support the strain’s safety and usage as a probiotic.

International audience; The genus Berthelotia DC. (presently a synonym of the accepted name Pluchea Cass.), Asteraceae, Inuleae has been regarded as comprising two species, B. lanceolata DC. and B. sericea (Nutt.) Rydb. It honors the French naturalist Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880) for his contribution to the studies of the flora and fauna of the Canary Islands. Under the leadership of Philip B. Webb (1793-1854), Berthelot co-authored the most important work pertinent to the natural history of this archipelago: Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries. The nomenclature of Berthelotia and its associated names are revisited here. The holotype of Polypappus sericeus Nutt. (K000974653) was located, and lectotypes were assigned to B. lanceolata (G00450458) and B. lanceolata var. senegalensis DC. (G00452584). Phylogenetic analyses based on nucleotide sequences of the nrDNA ITS were conducted focusing on members of what is known as the Clade J of the Inuleae. A well-supported clade (100% P.P.) that we have labeled as "Clade I" was uncovered, and it is composed of three species that belong to the Pluchea indica Clade plus P. dioscoridis and P. ovalis; but this lineage did not support a previous hypothesis to include P. lanceolata. The two species of Berthelotia did not form a monophyletic group and seem to be distantly related; furthermore, none of these two taxa is sister to 208 Andre A. Naranjo et al. Tessaria, a South American genus that has been suggested to be a close relative to Berthelotia. Ethnobotanical uses of B. lanceolata and B. sericea are reviewed.

Background Up to one-third of hospitalized patients treated for urinary tract infection (UTI) have asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB). Both diagnostic (avoiding inappropriate urine cultures) and antibiotic stewardship (reducing unnecessary antibiotic use in asymptomatic patients) have been proposed to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use for ASB. However, it's unclear which method is most effective. Methods The Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium aimed to improve antibiotic use and outcomes of hospitalized patients with a positive urine culture between 7/1/2017—3/31/2020 (see Table 1 for patient characteristics) by benchmarking performance across 46 Michigan hospitals, sharing best practices, and implementing pay-for-performance metrics related to unnecessary treatment of ASB (see Figure 1). Using logistic regression models controlling for hospital clustering, we assessed change over time in percentage of hospitalized patients treated for UTI who had ASB (i.e., had no documented signs or symptoms of UTI) and hospital characteristics associated with baseline or change in unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. We then estimated the percentage of avoided ASB treatment attributable to diagnostic (decrease in urine cultures ordered on asymptomatic patients) vs. antibiotic stewardship (decrease duration or avoidance of antibiotic treatment). Results Across 46 hospitals, there were 15,493 patients with a positive urine culture. Of 13,805 patients treated for a UTI, 23.2% (3,197) had ASB. The percentage of patients treated for UTI who had ASB declined over time from 29.0% (95% CI: 26.1%, 32.0%) to 16.9% (95% CI: 14.2%, 20.1%; aOR 0.94 per quarter, 95% CI: 0.92-0.96; Figure 1) with hospitals not belonging to a larger healthcare system having the largest decrease over time (Table 2). Neither the proportion of patients with ASB who were treated with antibiotics (P=0.07) nor the duration of therapy for ASB changed over time (P=0.09); thus, nearly all avoided antibiotic therapy for ASB appeared due to diagnostic stewardship. Conclusions Across 46 hospitals, there was a decrease over time in unnecessary treatment for ASB with independent hospitals improving most. Diagnostic stewardship appeared responsible for nearly all improvement. Disclosures Payal K. Patel, MD, MPH, Qiagen: Honoraria.

Background In 10/2019, revised ATS/IDSA community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) guidelines removed healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), expanding patients eligible for a 5-day antibiotic course. Using data from 46 hospitals in the Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, we quantified the impact of removing HCAP on antibiotic duration for CAP. Methods From 11/2017 to 1/2022, data were abstracted from medical records of adult non-ICU medical patients admitted with pneumonia. Our primary outcome was percentage of patients who received 5-days of antibiotics out of those who, under the new CAP guidelines would be eligible for 5-days (including patients defined as HCAP prior to the 2019 guideline) [Table 1]. We evaluated using Chi-square, if the effect of the guidelines differed for patients defined as CAP based on the 2007 CAP guideline (pCAP) vs. HCAP. To assess the effect of the new guideline on 5-day therapy, we used segmented logistic regression accounting for hospital level clustering to look at changes at baseline and overtime before and after 10/2019. Results When applying the 2019 CAP definition to 34,810 patients admitted with pneumonia over the entire period, 41.2% (N=14,358) of patients were eligible for 5-day duration. Applying pre-2019 categorization to the entire period, 46.4% of pCAP (N=10,565/22,757) and 31.5% of HCAP (N=3793/12,053) were eligible for 5-day duration. Of those 5-day eligible, 34.4% (N=4,936) received 5 days (pCAP 35.5% N=3750; HCAP 31.2% N=1186, P< .001). Before 10/2019, 29.5% (N=2,018) of patients with pCAP who were eligible received 5 days vs 23.6% (N=548) of HCAP (P< .001). Post 10/2019, 46.5% (N=1,732) of patients with pCAP eligible received 5 days vs 43.5% (N=638) of HCAP (P=0.049). The improvement rate in 5-day therapy decreased after 10/2019, with similar decrements for both pCAP and HCAP [Figure 1]. Conclusion Among patients hospitalized with pneumonia, two thirds received an excess antibiotic duration, with similar proportions for pCAP and HCAP. Prior to the new guidelines, the 5-day treatment rate was improving for HCAP and pCAP. However, the rate of improvement decreased after 10/2019 for both pCAP and HCAP, suggesting the 2019 guidelines did not have an added effect on improving antibiotic duration. Disclosures Valerie Vaughn, MD, MSc, Thermo Fisher Scientific: Honoraria.

Nanoparticles of Ni0.5Co0.2Zn0.3Fe2O4 were prepared using the sol‐gel combustion route. The nanoparticles were characterised by x‐ray diffraction to confirm single‐phase formation in a cubic spinel structure. Micro‐ and nanostructural analyses were carried out using field emission‐scanning electron microscopy and field emission‐transmission electron microscopy, respectively. A planetary ball milling technique was used to grind the powder into nanoparticles; the average particle size was 64 nm. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy was used to determine the atomic composition of the sample. Radio‐frequency characteristics were recorded for dielectric measurement in a frequency range of 1 Hz to 15 MHz using a broadband dielectric spectrometer. Terahertz (THz) time‐domain spectroscopy was performed to study THz‐optical parameters such as refractive index, dielectric constant, and conductivity at room temperature in a frequency range of 0.3−2.2 THz using an indigenously developed THz time‐domain spectroscopy setup. The magnetic properties of the sample were studied using a SQUID vibrating sample magnetometer under an applied magnetic field of ±10 kOe. An examination of M‐H loops revealed that the saturation magnetization (Ms), remanent magnetization (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) increased with an increase in temperature from 300 to 50 K.

Cone disc springs exhibit quasi-zero stiffness behavior that is useful in isolating objects from low frequency vibrations. However, the stroke of a single disc spring is too low for most applications, and springs are stacked to increase the displacement. A method to contain the isolator stack then becomes critical for practical uses. Many challenges in developing these containment methods have been identified and can be collectively described as how to appropriately contain the stack without affecting isolation performance. In this work, three designs are considered: a retaining ring design, tube and shaft design, and zero poisson ratio sleeve design. Disc spring stacks with containment method are built, and load-deflection curves are measured and compared with standalone stacks. Under quasi-static compression testing, each containment method has minimal effect on the standalone stack load-deflection curve. However, significant differences in isolation performance are observed in vibration testing and found to depend on characteristics such as lateral stability, lateral strength, and degrees of freedom. Lastly, advantages, disadvantages, and appropriate applications for each containment method are summarized. The conclusions of this work are that containment method is an important variable in the application of disc spring isolators and robust, versatile containment designs have been demonstrated.

IL-9‒producing T cells are present in healthy skin as well as in the cutaneous lesions of inflammatory diseases and cancers. However, the roles of IL-9 in human skin during homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders remain obscure. In this study, we examined the roles of IL-9 in metabolic reprogramming of human primary keratinocytes (KCs). High-throughput quantitative proteomics revealed that IL-9 signaling in human primary KCs disrupts the electron transport chain by downregulating multiple electron transport chain proteins. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics showed that IL-9 also reduced the production of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in human primary KCs. An integration of multiomics data with systems-level analysis using the constraint-based MitoCore model predicted marked IL-9-dependent effects on central carbohydrate metabolism, particularly in relation to the glycolytic switch. Stable isotope metabolomics and biochemical assays confirmed increased glucose consumption and redirection of metabolic flux toward lactate by IL-9. Functionally, IL-9 inhibited ROS production by IFN-γ and promoted human primary KC survival by inhibiting apoptosis. In conclusion, our data reveal IL-9 as a master regulator of KC metabolic reprogramming and survival.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of atrial fibrillation(AF) and diabetes mellitus is rising to epidemic proportions. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes on the management and outcomes of patients with AF.METHODS: The EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry is a prospective, observational registry from 250 centres across 27 European countries. Outcomes of interest were as follows: i)rhythm control interventions; ii)quality of life; iii)healthcare resource utilisation; and iv)major adverse events.RESULTS: Of 11,028 patients with AF, the median age was 71 (63-77) years and 2537 (23.0%) had diabetes. Median follow-up was 24 months. Diabetes was related to increased use of anticoagulation but less rhythm control interventions. Using multivariable analysis, at 2-year follow-up, patients with diabetes were associated with greater levels of anxiety (p = 0.038) compared to those without diabetes. Overall, diabetes was associated with worse health during follow-up, as indicated by Health Utility Score and Visual Analogue Scale. Healthcare resource utilisation was greater with diabetes in terms of length of hospital stay (8.1 (±8.2) vs. 6.1 (±6.7) days); cardiology and internal medicine/general practitioner visits; and emergency room admissions. Diabetes was an independent risk factor of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE; HR 1.26 [95% CI, 1.04-1.52]), all-cause mortality (HR 1.28 [95% CI, 1.08-1.52]), and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.41 [95% CI, 1.09-1.83]).CONCLUSION: In this contemporary AF cohort, diabetes was present in 1 in 4 patients and it served as an independent risk factor for reduced quality of life, greater healthcare resource utilisation and excess MACE, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. There was increased use of anticoagulation therapy in diabetes but with less rhythm control interventions.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:05:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-05-18 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Harvard University Schizachyrium Nees is one of the largest genera of the grass tribe Andropogoneae and is clearly polyphyletic, including at least three distinct lineages. For more than a century, the type of Schizachyrium has been the subject of disagreement in the literature, with most authors considering it to be S. brevifolium (Sw.) Nees ex Buse, but others accepting S. condensatum (Kunth) Nees. Our investigation confirmed that the earliest effective typification of Schizachyrium was performed by Pfeiffer (1874) and thus S. condensatum is the correct type of the genus. Elucidation of this issue is crucial for the future taxonomic rearrangements of this polyphyletic genus since its type will define which lineage will retain the generic name Schizachyrium. Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, Rua Ceara S-N, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil Inst Bot, Herbario, CP 68041, BR-04045972 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, IBILCE, Dept Zool & Bot, Rua Cristovao Colombo 2265, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 North Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA Harvard Univ, 22 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Univ Estadual Paulista, IBILCE, Dept Zool & Bot, Rua Cristovao Colombo 2265, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil CNPq: 426334/2018-3 CNPq: 150896/2019-0

Red emissive carbon dots from sucrose (SCD) were synthesized using a facile, isolation-free, one-pot method

Oleaginous microalga Chlorella is a promising microbial cell factory for producing lipids, transesterifiable to biodiesel, and phytochemical, high-value molecules (HVMs). To better understand the stress-induced oleaginous mechanism of Chlorella sp. FC2 IITG that closely matches with Chlorella sorokiniana based on 18s rRNA gene sequence, we performed 'Algomics' by systematically integrating metabolomics and proteomics data in response to time-resolved nitrogen-limitation: 40 h (mild), 88 h (moderate), and 120 h (severe). Ten HVMs belonging to four biological classes: triacylglycerol (TAG), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), phytosterols, and terpenoids were annotated using untargeted metabolomics and MS/MS fragmentation pattern match to the spectral library. In particular, the study evidenced 4× and 6× increased accumulation of two different PUFA: 9(S)HpOTrE and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, respectively, in nitrogen-limitation conditions. Co-extraction of TAG and PUFA could lower the biodiesel production cost for feasible commercialization. The investigation found a maximum accumulation of TAG 59:10 at 40 h, while that for TAG 54:4 was recorded at 88 h, which suggests different TAG species could be induced by regulating nitrogen-limitation severity. Elevated ꞵ-oxidation, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle identified in proteomics analysis could provide the substrates, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA, for different phytochemical accumulation in response to nitrogen limitation. The multiomics data unraveled a metabolic tug-of-war ongoing between biomass and storage lipid (TAG) accumulation during nitrogen-limitation, which involved multiple processes including hindered CO2 fixation, the supply of energy, reductants, and carbon reallocation from proteins and membrane lipids. These findings provide distinct oleaginous mechanisms in non-model microalgae, Chlorella sp. FC2 IITG, and engineerable targets for microalgal trait improvements.

In recent years driver fatigue is one of the major causes of road accidents in the world. A through way of measuring driver fatigue is measuring the state of the driver drowsiness. So it is very important to detect the fatigue of the driver to save life and property. This project is aimed towards developing a system of drowsiness detection system. This prototype is a real time system which captures image continuously and measures the state of the eye according to the specified algorithm and gives warning if required. Though there are several methods for measuring the fatigue but this approach is completely non-intrusive which does not affect the driver in any way, hence giving the exact condition of the driver. For detection of drowsiness the per closure value of eye is calculated. So when the closure of eye exceeds a certain value then the driver is detected to be sleepy. Keywords: Driver fatigue, Fatigue detection, Driver monitoring system, Face detection. Title: Driver Drowsiness Detection System using Embedded System Author: Radhika N. Gandhi, Parth R. Ambhorkar, Ayush A. Datir, Pratik R. Kale, Prof. Shwetambari G. Pundkar International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online) Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2022 - June 2022 Page No: 73-77 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 23-May-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6573055 Paper Download Link (Source): https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/driver-drowsiness-detection-system-using-embedded-system, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research, ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.com, {"references":["[1]\tW. Zhao, R. Chellappa, P.J. Phillips, and A. Rosenfeld, \"Face Recognition: A Literature Survey,\" ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 35, pp. 399-459, 2003.","[2]\tM. H. Yang, D. J. Kriegman, and N. Ahuja, \"Detecting faces in images: A survey,\"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol.24, no.1, , Jan. 2002, pp. 34–58.","[3]\tNan-Ning Zheng,Shuming Tang,Hong Cheng and Qing Li,Guanpi Lai and Fei-Yue Wang,\"Toward Intelligent Driver-Assistance and Safety Warning Systems\",Intelligent Transportation System,IEEE 2004.","[4]\tChristian Scharfenberger, Samarjit Chakraborty, John Zelek and David Clausi\", Anti-Trap Protection for an Intelligent Car Door System\", 15th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation System, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, September 16-19, 2012.","[5]\tK. C. Yowand, R. Cipolla, \"Feature-based human face detection, \"Image Vision Comput., vol.15, no.9, 1997, pp.713–735.","[6]\tAn Analysis of Viola Jones algorithm for face detection by Yi-Quin Wang, University of Malaysia Phang, 2014, pp: 15-20.","[7]\tImplementation of Voila Jones Algorithm by Ole Helvig Jensen, university of Denmark, 2008, pp: 20-36","[8]\t\"A Drowsy Driver Detection and Security System\" Rajat Garg, Vikrant Gupta, ieeet Agrawal Department of Electronics and Communication VIT- University, Vellore- 600014, India {rajatgarg2006, vikrantgupta2006, vineetagrawal2006} @ vit.ac.in 9781-4244-3941-6/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE","[9]\tMulti-parametric Analysis of Sensory Data Collected from Automotive Drivers forBuilding a Safety-Critical Wearable Computing System Rajiv Ranjan Singhi, Rahul Banetjee2 iElectrical and Electronics Engineering Group, 2 Computer Science & information Systems Group Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Rajasthan, India 978-1-4244- 6349-7/10/$26.00 ©201 0 IEEE","[10]\t\"Distributed Sensor for Steering Wheel Grip Force Measurement in Driver Fatigue Detection\" Federico Baronti, Francesco Lenzi. 978-3-981-5-5/ DATE09 © 2009 EDAA","[11]\tROC Analysis of a Fatigue Classifier for Vehicular Drivers Mahesh M Bundele Department of Computer Science Babasaheb Naik College of Engineering Pusad-445215, (MS) India 978-1-4244-5164-7/10/$26.00 ©2010 IEEE","[12]\tDetection of Driver Fatigue Caused by Sleep Deprivation Ji Hyun Yang, Zhi-Hong Mao, Member, IEEE, Louis Tijerina, Tom Pilutti, Joseph F. Coughlin, and Eric Feron IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS—PART A: SYSTEMS AND HUMANS, VOL. 39, NO. 4, JULY 2009","[13]\tEstimating Driving Performance Based on EG Spectrum Analysis 978-1-4244-6349-7/10/$26.00 ©201 0 IEEE","[14]\tW.B. Horng, C.Y. Chen, Y. Chang. (2004). Driver fatigue detection based on eye tracking and dynamic template matching. Proceedings of IEEE Intl. Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, Taipei, Taiwan.","[15]\tT.C. Chieh, M.M Mustafa, A. Hussain, E. Zahedi, Burhanuddin. (2003). Driver Fatigue detection using steering grip force. Proceedings of SCORed, Malaysia.","[16]\tDetecting Driver Fatigue based on the Driver's Response Pattern and the Front View Environment of an Automobile Youngjae Kim, Youmin Kim, Minsoo Hahn Digital Media Lab, Information and Communications University {youngjae, ym_kim, 978-0-7695-3433-6/08 $25.00 © 2008 IEEE DOI 10.1109/ISUC.2008.58237","[17]\tDevelopment of a Brand New System using RFID Combining with Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) for Real time Doze Alarm Po-Ying Chen, Po-Han Wu, Woei Jye Ong Department of Information Tech. I-Shou University Kaohsiung county, Taiwan (R.O.C.)","[18]\tJayasenan J, Smitha P, Driver Drowsiness Detection System, Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing, Volume 4, Issue 1, Ver. I (Jan. 2014),","[19]\tKanchan, Manohar Sontakke, Efficient Driver Fatigue Detection and Alerting System, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2015.","[20]\tK.Srijayathi, M.Vedachary, Implementation of the Driver Drowsiness Detection System, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2013","[21]\tVandna Saini, Rekha Saini, Driver Drowsiness Detection System and Techniques: A Review, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 5 (3) , 2014, 4245- 4249.","[22]\tArun Sahayadhas , Kenneth Sundaraj and Murugappan Murugappan, Detecting Driver Drowsiness Based on Sensors: A Review,Sensors2012,12,16937-16953; doi:10.3390/ s121216937, ISSN 1424-8220."]}

Background: Prostatism is one of the commonest health concerns in geriatric population with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of it increases with age. Histopathological evaluation plays a major role in the diagnosis and management of Prostate lesions. Aims and Objectives: To study the spectrum of prostate specimens encountered by the pathologists and to categorize them based on their histomorphological features and to correlate it with the clinical and other laboratory parameters. Material and methods: Hematoxylin and Eosin sections of 100 prostatic biopsies received in the department of Pathology of a tertiary care centre over a period of 18 months were studied. Relevant clinical and laboratory data were collected. Results: Out of 100 prostatic biopsies studied, 91 were TURP and 9 were core biopsies. Prostatic lesions was common in the age group of 61-70 years. 75% of cases were benign with or without prostatitis, 15% malignant and 10% cases were pre malignant. 25% cases were found to have associated prostatitis with the benign and malignant lesions. The most common microscopic feature in benign cases was fibromuscular hyperplasia. Conclusion: The present study shows that benign lesions are more common than the malignant ones. Among benign lesions, BPH was the most common entity. The most common age group affected was 7th decade.

Background: Delivery of drugs in the form of nanoparticles offers several advantages that outweigh the benefits offered by other drug delivery systems. Iron oxide nanoparticles being part of nano drug delivery system tend to offer supremacy over others by providing prominent characteristics that include high superamagnetism property along with the greater surface area that can be easily modified. Also, it helps achieve site-specific drug delivery which helps in solving the complications and issues related with desired bioavailability and further aids the process of killing cancerous cells. The distinctive features and flexible pathways by which such nanoparticles can be prepared have allowed its widespread usage in various fields. Objective: The main objective of this review is to summarize various methods of preparation, modifications by coating iron oxide surface for easy surface functionalization along with several industrial applications of iron oxide nanoparticles. Methods: The method involved the collection of the articles from different search engines like Google, Pubmed and ScienceDirect for the literature in order to get appropriate information regarding iron oxide nanoparticles. Results: Studies revealed that iron oxide nanoparticles have gained attention all over the world and has led to the development of various approaches for treating medical conditions. Iron oxide nanoparticles due to the advantages that it offers are utilized in various industries including biomedical, farming and aerospace industry and fabrication of iron oxide nanoparticles is possible through various ways including methods like co-precipitation, thermal decomposition, sol-gel, hydrothermal to name a few. Further, usage of coating an iron oxide nanoparticle and using biocompatible polymers tend to enlighten the scientific research. Conclusion: Iron oxide nanoparticles proved to be an efficient drug delivery to serve medical needs. The simple techniques of manufacturing with the additional strategy of modifications have led to more advances in the field of nanotechnology.

A checklist of the grasses of India is presented, as compiled from survey of all available literature. Of the twelve subfamilies of grasses, ten are represented in India. Most subfamilies have been examined by taxonomic experts for up-to-date nomenclature. The list includes 1506 species plus infraspecific taxa and presents information on types, synonyms, distribution within India, and habit. Twelve new combinations are made, viz.Arctopoa tibetica(Munro ex Stapf) Prob. var.aristulata(Stapf) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Chimonocalamus nagalandianus(H.B. Naithani) L.G. Clark,comb. nov.;Chionachne digitata(L.f.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Chionachne wallichiana(Nees) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Dinebra polystachyos (R. Br.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Moorochloa eruciformis(Sm.) Veldkamp var.divaricata(Basappa & Muniv.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Phyllostachys nigra(Lodd. ex Lindl.) Munro var.puberula(Miq.) Kailash,comb. & stat. nov.;Tzveleviochloa schmidii(Hook. f.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Urochloa lata(Schumach.) C.E. Hubb. var.pubescens(C.E. Hubb.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Urochloa ramosa(L.) T.Q. Nguyen var.pubescens(Basappa & Muniy.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.;Urochloa semiundulata(Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Ashalatha & V.J. Nair var.intermedia(Basappa & Muniy.) E.A. Kellogg,comb. nov.

There has been alarming depletion of manganese (Mn) reserves owing to the ongoing extensive mining operations for catering the massive industrial demand of this element. Moreover, the mining operations have been leading to the generation of Mn-rich waste, thereby contaminating both terrestrial and aquatic bodies. The current scenario necessitates the development of alternative processes for bioremediation as well as economic recovery of Mn from mining wastes. The present investigation aims to report the bioleaching of Mn by Lysinibacillus sp. from mining waste residues in the context of mine waste remediation. Results confirmed that the native isolate had a high Mn biosolubilization potential with a solubilizing efficiency of 84% at the end of a 21-day study under optimized conditions of pulp density 2% (

Background Antibiotics are commonly prescribed to patients as they leave the hospital. We aimed to create a comprehensive metric to characterize antibiotic overuse after discharge among hospitalized patients treated for pneumonia or urinary tract infection (UTI), and to determine whether overuse varied across hospitals and conditions. Methods In a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients treated for pneumonia or UTI in 46 hospitals between 1 July 2017–30 July 2019, we quantified the proportion of patients discharged with antibiotic overuse, defined as unnecessary antibiotic use, excess antibiotic duration, or suboptimal fluoroquinolone use. Using linear regression, we assessed hospital-level associations between antibiotic overuse after discharge in patients treated for pneumonia versus a UTI. Results Of 21 825 patients treated for infection (12 445 with pneumonia; 9380 with a UTI), nearly half (49.1%) had antibiotic overuse after discharge (56.9% with pneumonia; 38.7% with a UTI). For pneumonia, 63.1% of overuse days after discharge were due to excess duration; for UTIs, 43.9% were due to treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria. The percentage of patients discharged with antibiotic overuse varied 5-fold among hospitals (from 15.9% [95% confidence interval, 8.7%–24.6%] to 80.6% [95% confidence interval, 69.4%–88.1%]) and was strongly correlated between conditions (regression coefficient = 0.85; P < .001). Conclusions Antibiotic overuse after discharge was common and varied widely between hospitals. Antibiotic overuse after discharge was associated between conditions, suggesting that the prescribing culture, physician behavior, or organizational processes contribute to overprescribing at discharge. Multifaceted efforts focusing on all 3 types of overuse and multiple conditions should be considered to improve antibiotic prescribing at discharge., Of 21 825 hospitalized patients with pneumonia or urinary tract infection in 46 hospitals, half (49.1%) had antibiotic overuse after discharge. Overuse varied 5-fold among hospitals (15.9%–80.6%) and was correlated between conditions. To improve prescribing, stewardship should include care transitions.

Background Infectious diseases (ID) consultation and optimal antibiotic therapy improve outcomes in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). Data on strategies to improve adherence to these practices in children are limited. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study evaluating the impact of an electronic medical record (EMR)–based best practice advisory (BPA) for SAB, recommending ID consult and optimal antibiotic therapy based on rapid mecA gene detection. Inpatients Results We included 99 SAB episodes (70 preintervention, 29 postintervention). Preintervention, 48 (68.6%) patients received an ID consult compared to 27 (93.1%) postintervention, but this was not statistically significant on ITS analysis due to a preexisting trend of increasing consultation. Median hours to optimal therapy decreased from 26.1 to 5.5 (P = .03), most notably in patients with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) (42.2 to 10.8; P Conclusions Implementation of an EMR-based BPA for SAB resulted in faster time to optimal antibiotic therapy, particularly for patients with MSSA. ID consultation increased throughout the study period and was not significantly impacted by the BPA.

Objective:To evaluate whether incorporating mandatory prior authorization for Clostridioides difficile testing into antimicrobial stewardship pharmacist workflow could reduce testing in patients with alternative etiologies for diarrhea.Design:Single center, quasi-experimental before-and-after study.Setting:Tertiary-care, academic medical center in Ann Arbor, Michigan.Patients:Adult and pediatric patients admitted between September 11, 2019 and December 10, 2019 were included if they had an order placed for 1 of the following: (1) C. difficile enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in patients hospitalized >72 hours and received laxatives, oral contrast, or initiated tube feeds within the prior 48 hours, (2) repeat molecular multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen panel (GIPAN) testing, or (3) GIPAN testing in patients hospitalized >72 hours.Intervention:A best-practice alert prompting prior authorization by the antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) for EIA or GIPAN testing was implemented. Approval required the provider to page the ASP pharmacist and discuss rationale for testing. The provider could not proceed with the order if ASP approval was not obtained.Results:An average of 2.5 requests per day were received over the 3-month intervention period. The weekly rate of EIA and GIPAN orders per 1,000 patient days decreased significantly from 6.05 ± 0.94 to 4.87 ± 0.78 (IRR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56–0.93; P = .010) and from 1.72 ± 0.37 to 0.89 ± 0.29 (IRR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37–0.77; P = .001), respectively.Conclusions:We identified an efficient, effective C. difficile and GIPAN diagnostic stewardship approval model.

A new subspecies and two new combinations are proposed in Onagraceae. Ludwigia glandulosa Walter subsp. brachycarpa C.-I Peng, subsp. nov. is morphologically distinct from the typical subspecies, with smaller capsules and leaves, different seed coat, and a restricted distribution. Epilobium sect. Pachydium (Fischer & C. A. Meyer) Hoch & K. Gandhi, comb. nov. refers to a distinctive group of species formerly known as Boisduvalia Spach and as Epilobium sect. Boisduvalia (Spach) Hoch & P. H. Raven. And Chamaenerion speciosum (Decaisne) Hoch & K. Gandhi, comb. nov. is proposed for a distinctive Himalayan species originally described in Epilobium.

In the world of development and advancement, deep learning has made its significant impact in certain tasks in such a way which seemed impossible a few years ago. Deep learning has been able to solve problems which are even complex for machine learning algorithms. The task of lip reading and converting the lip moments to text is been performed by various methods, one of the most successful methods for the following is Lip-net they provide end to end conversion form lip to text. The end to end conversion of lip moments to the words is possible because of availability of huge data and development of different deep learning methods such as Convolution Neural Network and Recurrent Neural Networks. The use of Deep Learning in lip reading is a recent concept and solves upcoming challenges in real-world such as Virtual Reality system, assisted driving systems, sign language recognition, movement recognition, improving hearing aid via Google lens. Various other approaches along with different datasets are explained in the paper.

The presence of an adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in an individual is an uncommon finding. In this case report, we discuss the case of an elderly man presenting with a synchronous moderately differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma alongside a distal ileal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, on a background of ulcerative colitis. He underwent an elective open panproctocolectomy with an end ileostomy for the management of his malignancy.