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Phenotypic Stability Analysis for Seed Yield and its Associated Traits In advanced lines of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)” was carried out to study the effects of different environments on seed yield and its associated traits, to estimate the magnitude of Genotype x Environment interaction and to find out the most stable and high yielding genotype among the selected lines of Indian mustard under different environments of different topography, soil texture and prevailing climatic conditions of Manipur. Fifteen genotypes were evaluated in 3 different locations (Andro, Iroisemba and Senapati) in RBD with 3 replications over two seasons viz; Rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20. The environment wise ANOVA revealed highly significant differences among all the genotypes studied for all the 11 characters of seed yield and its associated traits. The pooled ANOVA also indicated significant differences among the environments, genotypes as well as genotype by environment (GXE) interaction for all the traits. Genotype X Location interaction was observed as the main component for GXE interaction. Genotypes performed better in 2019-20 rabi season as compared to rabi 2018-19. Environment (E-5) i.e. Iroisemba, valley area was the best for expression of most of the characters studied. Stability Analysis using Eberhart and Russell indicated the significance of GXE (linear) for no. of siliqua/plant, no. of seeds/siliqua, siliqua length, no. of primary branches, no. of secondary branches, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to 80% maturity and 1000 seed weight except for plant height and seed yield per plot which shows the substantial amount of predictable G X E interaction for the expression of these characters in the selected genotypes. All the 15 genotypes were tested for 3 stability parameters, viz mean, bi and S2 di. The genotypes CAURMM-3, CAURMM-4, CAURM- 5, CAURM-4, PM- 25, CAURMM-1 and JM-1 were identified to be the high yielding and stable, hence they can be recommended for general cultivation under varied environments of Manipur. CAURM-1 CAURM-2, CAURM-3 had more stable characters although their yield was below the population mean, Therefore, proposed as promising genotypes for general cultivation under intensive input supply as they performed best in favourable environments, while NRCHB 101 found to be suitable for cultivation under poor environments.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mitigating potential of activated charcoal (AC) on growth and metabolism of Pisum sativum L. in presence of benzoic acid (BA). BA in concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM was added. Activated charcoal at 20g/pot was used. 21 days old seedlings were used for biophysical and biochemical analyses. BA exhibited adverse effect on all parameters. AC significantly (p≤0.001) improved all parameters in combined treatment. Gradual decrease in growth parameters was recorded in BA treatment. Pigment, protein and sugar contents and nitrate reductase activity significantly decreased under different concentrations of BA. Activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. SOD, CAT and POX significantly enhanced under allelochemical stress to avoid the oxidative damage. AC in combination with BA caused maximum growth as compared with BA treatment. AC mitigated the allelopathic stress and altered the nutrient availability and plant growth in the presence of allelopathic stress. AC buttressed the defense system of pea seedlings in presence of BA.

Efficient water management, being one of the good agronomic management practices which leads to improve the performance of wheat. Late sowing has substantial effect on nutrient management of wheat. Application of N-P2O5-K2O in balanced level has great impact on late sown wheat yield. Since high yielding varieties of wheat have been found highly responsive to nitrogen fertilization. But in absence of phosphorus, nitrogen becomes ineffective and most of the applied nitrogen remains un-utilized. The efficiency of both nitrogen and phosphorus is greatly enhanced in the presence of each other (Stoeva and Tonev, 2003). So, level of fertilization and irrigation is need to be optimize for higher fertilizer use efficiency and decrease the loss of water under late sown condition, in particular. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the “Interactive effect of irrigation and fertility levels on economic and qualitative yield of extremely late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)’’ and results revealed that low levels of irrigation and fertilizer doses recorded significantly lower plant height, tiller number, LAI and dry matter accumulation. On the other hand, use of four irrigation along with full recommended dose of fertilizers (120-60-40 kg N- P2O5-K2O ha-1) recorded higher growth parameters viz. plant height, tiller number, LAI(leaf area index) and dry matter accumulation as well as economic and qualitative yield of extremely late sown wheat.

Polymer matrix based nano ferrite composites were prepared to achieve high inductance and hence to increase the performance of RF devices on chip inductors. A commercially suitable and scalable spin spray method was used to demonstrate the feasibility of deposition on silicon wafer. A detailed studies was performed with three alloys of Fe70Al5Cu5Si20Oδ, Co70Fe9Cu6Si15Oδ, and Co70Al5Fe20Si5Oδ compositions. These composites of ferrite magnetic nanomaterials were fabricated into the ring structures and properties such as permeability and resistivity were measured to correlated with morphology and concentration of the alloy in the matrix. Fabricated single coil coplanar inductors were characterized for the electrical and magnetic properties for the 100 to 100,000 KHz frequency range. The measurement showed performances improvement in the frequency range up to 1000KHz. The Co/Fe nanocomposite sample showed high permeability and a flat response as function of voltage and frequency making it a very good embedded inductor material. These composites provided inductance in the range up to 10 µH a suitable value for practical applications.

The CaCu3Mn4O12 (CCMO) ceramic was successfully synthesized through the chemical route. The phase formation was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. Thermogravimetric (TGA), FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, and XPS analysis were performed for investigation of the thermal behavior, phase identification, microstructural analysis, elemental analysis and oxidation state of the CCMO ceramic respectively. FT-IR spectra confirmed the existence of MnO6 octahedral in body-centered cubic (BCC) complex perovskite oxide that resembles the CaCu3Ti4O12 structure. The average particle size was observed by TEM in the range between 100 and 200 nm. AFM shows the average roughness of the surface was found to be in the range of 30 ± 5 nm. XPS and EDX studies confirmed the purity and oxidation state of the CCMO ceramic. The synthesized material shows very interesting unique Griffith’s phase (TG) results that arise disorder in magnetic susceptibility in which ferromagnetic transition was to be observed in the paramagnetic region. Keywords: Chemical route, XPS analysis, Magnetic properties, Griffith’s phase (TG), Ferromagnetic (FM), Paramagnetic (PM)

We have synthesized calcium oxide and calcium oxalate based kidney stones and investigated remelting to understand the process of dissolution. The dissolution morphology and remelting process in water was observed for the pure and intensely impurity doped oxalateurate stones grown at lower pH to study effect of acidity, and pH near actual pH of the stomach. Direct observation showed different melting morphologies. We observed needles, plates, dendrites, and lamella depending on the pH level and impurities. Remelting studies indicated that during breaking of large polycrystalline bunched stones grown at lower pH break into faceted small crystals which dissolve into the solvent depending on the acidity pH and impurities. High purity stones grown near stomach pH (6.4-7.5) tends to grow in needles morphology which dissolve slowly and fragment into smaller needles. A comparison was made with real kidney stones observed at Herring laboratory and similarity was observed with impurity doped stones. There was significant difference in decomposition of pure and impurity doped stones. Thermal analysis (DTA) showed that sugar doped oxides decompose continuously.