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Digital storm which has taken the world has changed the way organisations function. It has brought in a huge change in the way organisations sell and transact. In case of India major change in the e-payment started after demonetization (change of national currency) happened. It is when people were forced to transact through cashless methods in shortage of cash. First time small merchants did business through cashless methods. Though, small merchants still avoid digital methods and prefer cash transaction. Present study was done to understand the factors which influence the behavioural intention of small merchants for adopting cashless methods. The UTAUT (Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology) model was used. It was also to find whether the model can be applied in the Indian context.The study found that the independent factors of social influence, perceived value, trust did not impact the behaviour intention of small merchants. Though these factors are quite relevant in the Indian cultural context. Thus, the UTAUT model was not found quite suitable to study the behavioural intention of the small merchants in the Indian markets.

PurposeWe aim to investigate nature, risk factors as well as magnitude of farm injuries and fatalities among agricultural workers in rural India.MethodsAn Agricultural Injury Study (AIS) was conducted using selected 1703 villages in eight states of rural India based on statistical consideration using unstructured proforma for 3086 victims/respodents, who were mostly agricultural workers or farmers. Injury incidence rate (IIR) was estimated per 1000 machines/tools per year for farm machinery and hand tools injuries, and per 100 000 workers per year for other sources. Questions about the injuries involved in farming tasks were used.ResultsAbout 36.2% fatalities were caused by farm machinery that involves tractors. The IIR per year of farm machinery, hand tools and injuries due to other sources were 3.2 per 1000 machines, 0.7 per 1000 tools and 77 per 100 000 workers, respectively. Correlation between number of injury-prone agricultural machines and number of farm machinery injury is r=0.80 (number of injuries increases with increase in number of machines). The χ²=72.53; pConclusionExposures to agricultural machineries during farming operations can result in injuries confounding that may be fatal or non-fatal. Mapping down the cause and taking preventive measure to reduce the losses are of major concern. Also, customised safety programme as well as legislative awareness is needed to be raised for the higher injury incidence group.

Natural phyto-feed additives have been identified as a potential rumen fermentation modifier by in vitro studies and by few short-term in vivo trials. However, information on impact on animal performance by their long-term administration is still inadequate. In light of this, the present study was undertaken to examine the rumen fermentation pattern, rumen microbial enzymes and microbial profiles as influenced by long term supplementation of phyto-feed additives to buffalo calves. A six months feeding trial was conducted on 20 male buffaloes (165±4 kg body weight), divided into four groups and fed on diet supplemented with no additive (T0, control), with feed additive FAI @ 1% of dry matter intake (DMI) (T1), with FAII @ 1 ml/kg DMI (T2) and with FAI and FAII switched alternatively after every 15 days (T3). No significant effect was observed on rumen fermentation pattern as well as carboxymethylcellulase, avicelase, xylanase, acetyl esterase, and protease activities in the rumen of buffalo calves. The population density of methanogens, fungi, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and R. albus decreased significantly in T3 where FAI and FAII were fed alternately, but Fibrobacter succinogenes decreased significantly in T2 where FAII was fed. When compared to the control, the microscopic count of protozoa decreased in all the three supplemented groups. It can be concluded that rumen fermentation, including rumen metabolites and microbial enzymes, were unaffected; however, phyto-feed additives exhibited changes in rumen microbes.

Research in neuroscience relies heavily upon postmortem human brain tissue. Cerebellar granular layer autolysis (GLA) is a surrogate marker for the quality of such tissue and suitability for molecular analysis. GLA is associated with reduced brain tissue pH. The aim of this study was to assess correlation of GLA with premortem systemic acid–base status. This is a retrospective study in which 62 consecutive adult autopsy cases were included. Sections of cerebellum were reviewed microscopically for presence of GLA. Autolysis was graded as negative, grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3. Medical records were reviewed for arterial blood gas analysis. Postmortem interval was recorded. 23 of 62 cases showed GLA. Of the 23 patients with autolysis, 22 were acidotic and 1 was alkalotic. Of these 23 cases, 15 had metabolic acidosis, 4 had respiratory acidosis, 3 had combined acidosis and 1 had respiratory alkalosis. There was no statistically significant difference in postmortem interval between the two groups. 10 cases with grade 3 autolysis had mean pH of 7.13, 7 cases with grade 2 autolysis had mean pH of 7.23 and in 6 cases with grade 1 autolysis the mean pH was 7.2. Overall, the mean pH in patients with GLA was 7.19, and in the non-autolytic cases the mean pH was 7.28 (P

Varicose veins are a common presentation, and its treatment has been a challenge for surgeons. Many studies have evaluated the efficacy of foam sclerotherapy with a high failure rate. One of the postulated reasons is inadequate obliteration of saphenofemoral junction with foam sclerotherapy. To test this hypothesis we compared whether there is a decrease in reflux with saphenofemoral junction ligation, along with foam sclerotherapy. Forty-eight patients (50 legs) with primary varicosities of the Great saphenous vein system were randomized into two groups: saphenofemoral junction ligation with foam sclerotherapy (SFJL + FS) and foam sclerotherapy alone (FS), and followed up at 2 months. There was complete disappearance of varicose veins in great saphenous vein territory in 96% of patients in SFJL + FS group, and 88% of patients in FS group. Veins ≥ 8 mm in diameter were incompletely occluded with sclerotherapy. Patient satisfaction score was comparable in both the groups. The addition of saphenofemoral junction ligation to foam sclerotherapy offers no additional patient benefit, particularly with regard to disappearance of varicose veins, relief of symptoms, recurrence, and morbidity. However, in large diameter veins (≥ 8 mm), saphenofemoral junction ligation with foam sclerotherapy gives better results.

Digital transactions are growing globally. India has embarked on this journey but still lags behind, in comparison to other countries. The paper attempts to find factors which affect behavioral intention among small merchants for adopting technology. Small merchants in unorganized sector are an important part of Indian business framework. The paper is a deductive research wherein it makes UTAUT model its base and adapts to the Indian context. The paper tests models and hypotheses with the help of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Few variables like performance expectancy, effort expectancy and habit were found to have an effect on intention to adopt cashless method; surprisingly factors profound to Indian consumers such as trust, perceived value and social influence were not found to have an effect on behavioral intension. The study is useful for the digital payment service providers, telecom companies, small merchants, Government and society. It also proposes strategic initiatives to boost digital transactions. It is unique as the survey is in the unorganized sector.

Horizontal lack of residual ridge width can complicate the implant procedures. Therefore, ridge construction prior to implant placement is a biomechanical requirement. Guided bone regeneration, bone grafting, alveolar ridge splitting and combinations of these techniques are used for the lateral augmentation of the alveolar ridge. The ridge splitting technique with simultaneous implant placement seems to be a minimally invasive treatment option for horizontal augmentation of narrow alveolar ridges with adequate vertical height. This paper thoroughly describes a segmental ridge splitting technique with both vertical and horizontal osteotomy cuts followed by the use of chisel and mallet to lateralise the buccal bone which was accompanied by GBR and simultaneous implant placement.

In recent years, femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) and x-ray pulses from free-electron lasers have developed into important probes to monitor processes and dynamics in matter on femtosecond-time and angstrom-length scales. With the rapid progress of versatile ultrafast x-ray spectroscopy techniques and more sophisticated data analysis tools, accurate single-pulse information on the arrival time, duration, and shape of the probing x-ray and XUV pulses becomes essential. Here, we demonstrate that XUV pulses can be converted into terahertz electromagnetic pulses using a spintronic terahertz emitter. We observe that the duration, arrival time, and energy of each individual XUV pulse is encoded in the waveform of the associated terahertz pulses, and thus can be readily deduced from single-shot terahertz time-domain detection.

TPS289 Background: Landmark trials have established a survival benefit for novel hormonal agents (NHA) added to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for mHSPC. Yet, there is a significant medical need to expand therapeutic options, especially for pts with high-risk mHSPC who experience poorer outcomes. Abemaciclib is an oral selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4 & 6) dosed on a continuous schedule, approved for the treatment of node-positive high-risk early-stage and advanced or metastatic HR+, HER2- breast cancer. Analogous to the estrogen receptor signaling pathway in breast cancer, there is evidence that the androgen receptor axis activates CDK4 & 6 to sustain prostate cancer cell proliferation, and upregulation of cyclin D1 is a potential mechanism of resistance to NHA therapy. In preclinical models, abemaciclib induces cell cycle arrest and inhibition of prostate tumor growth. Methods: CYCLONE 3 (NCT05288166) is a global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the addition of abemaciclib to abiraterone+prednisone (AP) in pts with high-risk mHSPC. Approximately 900 pts with high-risk mHSPC defined by ≥4 bone metastasis and/or visceral disease will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to the AP + abemaciclib or AP + placebo arm. Up to 3 months of ADT prior to randomization is permitted; prior D for mHSPC will be excluded per planned protocol amendment. Pts who have not undergone orchiectomy will continue ADT. Stratification factors are de novo mHSPC and visceral metastases. Primary endpoint is investigator-assessed radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). Key secondary endpoints include rPFS assessed by blinded independent central review, castration-resistant prostate cancer-free survival, overall survival, time to pain progression, safety and pharmacokinetics. Enrollment is open at approximately 270 sites across 25 countries. Clinical trial information: NCT05288166 .

Cholecystectomy is one of the commonest general surgical procedures performed all over India. The risk of bile duct injury (BDI) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is two to three times higher than during open cholecystectomy. The worldwide incidence of bile duct injury is 0.5% or 1 in 200 cases. BDI and its consequences result in significant morbidity and may even cause mortality. BDI increases the cost of treatment and is a common reason for a medicolegal suit against the surgeons. To minimize the incidence of BDI and to manage it timely and appropriately, a set of guidelines was deemed necessary by a group of senior surgeons during a Society of Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Surgeons of India (SELSI) meeting in 2016. Guidelines for “Safe Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy” and bile duct injury management formulated by other international societies are already available. The applicability of these guidelines to Indian subjects especially in small peripheral centers was limited. Hence, a decision was taken to form a set of guidelines for general surgeons with basic laparoscopic skills with little or no advanced laparoscopic skills. Those working in a solo practice, nursing homes, and small private hospitals at talukas or districts should have “Safe Cholecystectomy” guidelines and management of BDI suitable to their situation. These guidelines were formed after three consensus meetings and have been approved by a SELSI Expert Group.