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The most pressing issue that combines obesity and insulin resistance is chronic subclinical inflammation, which affects the metabolic and secretory functions of adipose tissue, and is important for the development of pathological processes. The morphological basis of inflammation is the infiltration of adipose tissue by immune competent cells. Biologically active substances specific for adipose tissue are considered to be the collagen−like protein adiponectin and the protein hormone leptin, which are secreted in adipocytes. Leptin stimulates the cellular immune response and increases the production of pro−inflammatory cytokines, and adiponectin is thought to have anti−inflammatory properties. With the development of metabolic syndrome, the concentration of adiponectin in blood decreases, and that of leptin increases. To establish the relationship between serum leptin levels with markers of systemic inflammation and spontaneous production of proinflammatory cytokines as well as mononuclear blood leukocytes, an experimental study was conducted, i.e. modeling the metabolic syndrome in white female rats WAG / GSto aged 5−6 months. The predominance of proinflammatory cytokines: interleukins − 1β, −6, −8, −10, TNF−α in supernatants of mononuclear leukocytes with increasing leptin concentration, which is consistent with the view of its ability to stimulate cell immunity and affect the production of proinflammatory cytokines. It is proven that an increase in leptin levels in metabolic syndrome is not only a symptom that characterizes the functional state of adipose tissue, but also causes spontaneous production of proinflammatory cytokines and mononuclear leukocytes in blood, that is pathogenetically interrelated with the systemic inflammatory response. It is established that the change in the cytokine profile in the serum becomes a forecast of the formation and effectiveness of treatment of metabolic syndrome on the background of obesity. Key words: obesity, metabolic syndrome, undifferentiated chronic inflammation, cytokines.

Рекламный дискурс является в современной лингвистике одной из наиболее активно исследуемых областей. В последнее время все популярнее становится социальная реклама, она привлекает внимание к серьезным и актуальным проблемам, которые могут повлиять на жизнь как отдельного человека, так и всего общества в целом. В век интенсивного развития науки и техники, а также участившихся техногенных катастроф, возрастает значимость такой важной составляющей социальной рекламы, как экологическая реклама. Основной задачей социальной рекламы экологической направленности является привлечение внимания к острым проблемам окружающей среды. Она призвана повлиять на мировоззрение людей, изменить их отношение к природе, животному миру, привлечь к решению существующих проблем. Так как социальная реклама экологического характера затрагивает проблемы всех жителей нашей планеты, то этот тип рекламы чаще всего выходит на международный уровень, соответственно изучение проблем ее адекватного перевода является актуальным. Основной целью настоящего исследования являлось определение ведущих коммуникативных стратегий, используемых в социальной экологической рекламе, а также тех лингвостилистических средств их реализации, которые создают трудности в процесс перевода. Применялись следующие методы анализа материала: метод сплошного лингвостилистического анализа текста; метод когнитивного анализа; метод лексикографического анализа, а также методы контекстуального и сопоставительного анализа. Рассмотренный материал позволяет сделать вывод о том, что самой распространенной рекламной стратегией в современной экологической рекламе является стратегия эмоционального воздействия на адресата. Для ее реализации используются такие стилистические приемы как метафора, эпитет, параллелизм, антитеза и т. п. Адекватная передача этих средств выразительности при переводе составляет основную переводческую задачу.

We studied the effect of Internet addiction on the emotional symptoms (anxiety, aggressiveness and emotional stability) adolescents, and parental attitude to the problem of Internet addiction and Internet safety. The study involved 116 adolescents (13-14 years) and 120 parents. It was found that the level of self-evaluation, interpersonal, school and General anxiety in adolescents with Internet addiction are significantly higher than adolescents that do not have addiction. The level of aggression in adolescents with Internet addiction above the norm by 2,5 times. Adolescents with Internet addiction, three times more likely to have a low level of stress. Parents of teenagers did not know the basics of prevention of Internet addiction in their children and do not pay particular attention to the formation of information-psychological security on the Internet.

The article presents a historical overview of the development of psychological education and the main directions of psychological research in Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University. In the present study we examine the main research areas of psychological and pedagogical research modernization and specificity of psychological education in NSPU since 90-ies of the XX century to the present day. The authors give a comprehensive overview of the features of deep formation of the system of psychological training of personnel for public education, as well as consider the dynamics of scientific capacity-building of the Pedagogical University. The work of the Dissertation Council of Psychology and the results of its operations at the university for more than twenty years of existence are analyzed. It provides the most important scientific works of faculty members who have made a significant contribution to the development of psychological science in Russia. The article mark the scientific results achieved by teams of psychological faculties at the present stage and promising innovative directions of psychological research work of the teaching staff.

A discharge in a planar magnetron with a titanium target is studied. It is found that a pressure rise from 2 to 6 mTorr in argon at a constant current increases the intensity of excited argon ion lines by almost 20%. The excitation of neutral titanium atoms is independent of the argon pressure: it depends on only the discharge current. The current-voltage characteristic of the magnetron in an argon-oxygen mixture completely reflects processes proceeding on the target of the magnetron.

The glass surface has been modified by titanium dioxide films synthesized using the sol-gel method. The sol-gel synthesis has been optimized by the experimental design with the use of the Latin square method. The film composition has been evaluated using X-ray powder diffraction analysis and optical measurements. The photoinduced hydrophilicity of the modified glass has been investigated.

An accurate data base for the analyzing power of thick CH2 analyzers for high energy protons has been at the basis of several research efforts in a number of laboratories. Starting in the late eighties such data were collected at SATURNE in Saclay, and with the Synchrophasotron in Dubna, and led to an extensive program of study of polarization phenomena in pd interaction, either backward elastic scattering or breakup [1–6]. At about the same time it became evident that measuring polarization observables in elastic ep was going to be the best approach to determine the form factors of the proton, GEp and GMp, as had been predicted by Akhiezer and Rekalo [7].

The internal photoeffect in X-ray-amorphous titanium dioxide (TiO2) films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering onto silica glass substrates has been studied. It is established that cyclic illumination of samples leads to a change in the photoinduced current kinetics, whereby the kinetic curves initially exhibit an extremum that subsequently decreases and eventually disappears. Using a system of equations that describes the kinetics of free electrons with allowance for their trapping on deep monoenergetic traps, it is shown that the observed behavior is related to a significant increase in the coefficient of interband recombination and a decrease in the concentration of vacant traps.

The development of nanocrystalline phases during isothermal annealing of titanium dioxide films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering at various rates onto silica glass substrates has been studied. It is established that the heat treatment at temperatures within 500–700°C in air or in vacuum leads to significantly different results, depending on the initial crystalline structure of as-deposited films.

To define an optimal diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm when the acute abdominal syndrome occurs in hematological patients.The results of 145 emergency surgeries made in 2006-2008 for acute abdominal syndrome were studied in patients with blood system diseases.Clinical manifestations of acute abdominal syndrome emerge in 1-1.4% of all the patients treated at the Hematology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. There is a need for surgery in 0.5-0.7% of all the patients admitted. In this group of patients, annual postoperative mortality is 12-16%.The routine algorithm for a diagnostic search in hematological patients with acute abdominal syndrome can lead to both hyperdiagnosis and unwarranted surgery, and incorrect choice of expectant policy as well.

Functional strain on the CNS was combined in chronic experiments on seven dogs with other factors changing the hormonal status of the animal-castration and injection of mercazolyl in doses of 1.5–2.5 mg/kg (group 1). The six control dogs (group 2) underwent castration and injection of mercazolyl only. The animals of group 1 developed persistent hypercholesteremia, atherosclerotic changes in various intramural arteries, especially of the myocardium, and also degenerative changes in the parenchyma of certain organs, which were not found in the animals of group 2. The results of this investigation demonstrate the important role of functional strain on the CNS as a leading “risk” factor responsible for disturbances of the regulation of lipid metabolism and the development of atherosclerotic changes in the vessels.

The sensitivity of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and Tacaribe virus to several chemical reagents was investigated. The viruses were sensitive to lipid solvents (ether, chloroform) and to detergents (sodium desoxycholate and Triton X-100); they were rapidly inactivated by formalin, beta-propiolactone, hydrogen peroxide and chloramine B. The results obtained contribute to a more complete characterization of the biological features of the arenavirus group and may be useful for scientific research and manufacturing of viral preparations.

In a chronic experiment (up to 6 years) on dogs (13) a protracted functional overstrain of the CNS was associated with an additional action changing the hormonal background (castration and mercasolyl injection). A steady hypercholesteremia, atherosclerotic changes in different intraorganic arteries, particularly in the myocardium, developed in dogs; dystrophic processes occurred in the parenchyma of various organs. An important role of functional overstrain of the CNS as one of the leading factors of the "risk" determining the development of disturbances of the regulation of lipid metabolism and formation of the atherosclerotic process in the vessels was demonstrated.