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Relevance. Although there is notable success in breeding vegetable crops to obtain heterotic F1 hybrids, traditional selection methods have been gaining in popularity as a means of improving the economically important traits of local traditional varieties in Russia today. These varieties suffered the reduction in their valuable starting parameters (yield, the uniformity of marketable produce and biochemical composition) over the many years of reproduction. The Department of Potato Breeding and Horticulture (FSBSI “FSC of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaiki”) have been working on the creation of new squash variety-populations with large fruits using the variety-population Banannaya 42, bred by V. Ya. Smolei at the Far Eastern experimental station of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Plant Breeding in the 1940s, as the starting material. We carried out a multi-year research on the selection of promising families belonging to this variety to increase yield, improve the uniformity of fruits and the main biochemical parameters. Results. The breeding work conducted on the families of variety-population 945 in 2011-2022 resulted in the improvement of some economically important traits (the uniformity of fruit shape, yield, and biochemical parameters) compared to the started form. The eleven years of research allowed us to achieve high uniformity of fruit shape in the selection of the ninth year (PIP 2) – 90.0-90.7 % (increased by 34.9-36.0 %). The yield increased from 28.4 t/ha to 38.2-45.3 t/ha or by 34.5-59.5 %. The following biochemical parameters were improved through selection: the content of dry mater from 8.5 to 12.9 % or by 51.8 % on average, the content of sugars from 6.1 to 9.1 or by 49.2 %, the content of carotene from 1.7 to 3.8 or by 123.5 %, and the content of vitamin C from 9.6 to 21.1 or by 119.8 %. We selected the families of the same type from variety-population 945 (variety-population Banata) with improved and uniform economically important traits for submission to the State variety testing. The yield was 38.2-45.3 t/ha, fruits were heart-shaped, skin was greyish green, pulp was orange, and the content of sugars was 9.0-13.2 %. Large-fruited variety population Banata was included in the State register of breeding achievements admitted to use in the Russian Federation in 2024.

Relevance. False powdery mildew (peronosporosis) (the causative agent is Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. et Curt.) Rostow.) – the most harmful disease on cucumber in the open ground, spring film and winter greenhouses in the autumn crop turnover. In the laboratory of breeding and seed production of pumpkin crops of All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production, currently FSBSI FSVC, continuous work is underway to create varieties and hybrids of cucumber resistant to this disease. To create new competitive hybrids of cucumber of the parthenocarpic type, a lot of work was done on the selection of parental forms that differ in a complex of economically useful signs, including tolerance to false powdery mildew.Results. During 2 years of research, in the open ground conditions of the Moscow region, on a natural infectious background, the lines of parthenocarpic cucumber most resistant to false powdery mildew were selected: Pr. F6 1, 24-905 RZ F4-5, Excel. F5 b/w 1, (Hac. x Hub.) F4. During the second (30.08.) and third (08.09) counts, in both years of research, according to the lesion score, they were at the level of a stable standard - the Surazhevsky variety. In 2022, in the conditions of unheated spring greenhouses of Primorsky region, two hybrid combinations of 24-905RZ F4 x Pr. F11 and Kar. F6 x Pr. F11 were distinguished for resistance to peronospore. At the end of August, they were struck by 0.5 and 0.8 points, respectively, less than the standard hybrid German F1. The resulting hybrid combinations were obtained with the participation of cucumber lines of the parthenocarpic type, the most tolerant to false powdery mildew in the open ground conditions of the Moscow region in 2022 and 2023. This indicates that the isolated samples can serve as gene sources of resistance to false powdery mildew.

At the Primorskaya vegetable experimental station – branch of the Federal state budgetary scientific institution «Federal scientific vegetable center», selection and introduction into production of a new legume crop for Russia – adzuki cowpea. The varieties Asia (for universal cultivation) and Far East (for horticultural vegetable growing) were created and included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. Promising specimens have been created, which, in terms of their biological and economic indicators, are not inferior to the varieties Asia and Far East. Primary seed production of new varieties is underway and their introduction into farms and garden vegetable growing. The grain yield of cowpea-adzuki universal samples ranged from 3.15 t/ha (Asia variety, standard) to 2.77 t/ha (sample POOS 31-15). The highest grain productivity was observed in the standard (Asia - 22.5 g/plant) and in sample POOS 44-15 (20.8 g/plant). The Asia variety and the promising sample POOS 31-15 (20.2 pieces/plant) produce the most beans per plant. It was noted that the Dalnevostochnaya variety has the greatest resistance to cracking of beans during their ripening (7.2 points). Samples for universal cultivation have above average resistance to bean cracking (5.8-6.5 points). The plant height of promising samples is quite favorable for combine harvesting: 64 (POOS 31-15) – 71 (POOS 39-15) cm. Due to the fact that the flowering of cowpea-adzuki is extended, the ripening of beans is rarely 100%. For promising samples, this indicator is high and amounts to 95.5% (POOS 44-15) - 99.8% (POOS 31-15), which fully complies with the ATT requirements (more than 90%). The creation of varieties of a new vegetable crop for Russia will improve the economics of agricultural production in the difficult climatic conditions of the Far Eastern Federal District.

The results of the selection work of the Primorsky vegetable experimental station, work in the field of seed production of vegetable crops are presented, the characteristics of the negative processes occurring in the arable soils of the region and their removal by the developed ridgeridge technology of cultivation by technical means with a wide base are given. A comparative characteristic of the former and the wide-row version in terms of energy consumption and fuel consumption is givenAuthors´ Contribution: All authors contributed to the planning and setting up the experiment, aswell as in the analysis of experimental data and writing of the article.Based on the results of the selection work of the Primorsky Vegetable Experimental Station for the period 1993-2023, the station bred and released 56 varieties and hybrids of 19 main vegetable crops. The experience of the Primorsky branch of the Federal scientific vegetable center allows organizing production at a modern level, taking into account the rich experience of other regions of Russia. In conditions of monsoon climate and soils of heavy granulometric composition, with a general lack of heat, their fertility is negatively affected by a large number of external factors. To grow vegetables, a set of measures is needed for serious drainage and irrigation reclamation (creation of polder systems with the laying of systematic plastic drainage) against the backdrop of ridge-ridge cultivation technology, fine irrigation system). The developed wide-cut technology and a set of machines make it possible to introduce a resource-saving technology that saves energy costs and fuel.

For the Russian Far East (RDV), the subjects are calculated self-sufficiency of vegetable products and its connection with the population. A close correlation between these indicators has ignore once. In order to stabilize the population and consolidate it, it is necessary to increase dramatically the production of vegetables. There are a number of prerequisites for this: a network of research agricultural institutions throughout the territory and a specialized 1Primorskaya vegetable experimental station – branch of the Federal scientific vegetable center in the south of the region, has established. Its employees have clarified the basics of Far Eastern vegetable farming (principles of selecting sites for vegetable plantations and pre-intensive cultivation of their soils, reclamation of the territory; experimentally tested and recommended specialized crop rotations, their effective links; refined fertilizer system; system of resource-saving treatment of soils on the basis of crest-ridge cultivation technology), a number of promising varieties of vegetables "borscht" group, established their seed production, solved many issues of mechanization for cultivation processes. Significantly, important areas of further work were planned.

Банківська таємниця — це інформація, яка стає відомою банкові у зв’язку з обслуговуванням клієнта. Для забезпечення належного ступеня довіри у відносинах «клієнт — банк» клієнт повинен бути впевнений, що інформація про нього не буде розголошена стороннім особам. Таким чином, забезпечення конфіденційності інформації щодо клієнта становить одну із важливих передумов функціонування банківської системи. Окрім того, інформація, що міститься в банківських документах особи, перебуває під правовою охороною як елемент природного права людини на повагу до приватного життя й таємницю особистої кореспонденції. Водночас режим таємності може бути використаний з метою приховання незаконного руху капіталів, пов’язаного із корупцією, відмиванням доходів, ухиленням від сплати податків тощо. Відтак забезпечення абсолютної секретності інформації щодо клієнта може стимулювати розвиток злочинної активності. Таким чином, визначення меж правової охорони банківської таємниці потребує ретельного зважування приватного і публічного інтересів: на одній шальці терезів — право клієнта банку на приватність, на другій — загальносуспільні інтереси, пов’язані, зокрема, але не виключно, із попередженням і розслідуванням злочинної діяльності. При цьому варто розуміти, що переслідування суспільно значимої мети не виправдовує розголошення банківської таємниці автоматично і в кожному разі; натомість до врахування підлягають й інші обставини. По-перше, можливість розкриття банківської таємниці повинна бути передбачена законом. По-друге, цей закон має відповідати вимогам правової визначеності: він має бути чітким, зрозумілим, недвозначним, так, щоб наслідки його застосування були передбачуваними. По-третє, особа, щодо якої порушується питання про розкриття банківської таємниці, повинна бути забезпечена необхідними процедурними гарантіями, які б давали їй змогу попередити або усунути свавілля у застосуванні до неї відповідного заходу.