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Student–teacher relationships (STRs) have been examined by many studies. However, an omission still exists, the existing scales are not appropriate for studying STRs in private colleges because of the special character of these schools. This paper presents the development and validation of Private-College Student–Teacher Relationship Scale (PCSTRS), the first instrument to evaluate student–teacher relationships (STRs) in private colleges. The PCSTRS has six dimensions: trust, interaction, intimacy, care, approval, and comfort. In our main study, the validity and reliability of the six-factor PCSTRS model were demonstrated. The result of internal consistency coefficient indicated the high reliability of the scale, and the result of concurrent validity indicated the significant correlational relationships between the PCSTRS with other STR measures. In supplementary study, the PCSTRS was administered to 360 participants to confirm the applicability of PCSTRS and investigate the relation of STRs and students’ traits, performance, and wellbeing, as well as the differences between the private school and the public school in this relation; the analyses revealed that there were significant differences in trust, intimacy, and care between private and public colleges; positive correlations were found between STRs and self-esteem, self-efficacy, academic performance, extracurricular activity involvement, and subjective wellbeing. Present research firstly develops the PCSTRS, examined the reliability and validity, and provides the proposed nomological network among related constructs.

Anti-barrel shape is a typical phenomenon for a cylinder deformed in the upsetting process superimposed with sufficiently high intensity of ultrasound. In this paper, the cylindrical specimens of aluminum 6061, ϕ 4.08mm×4.8mm, were performed as the experimental object. With the different temperatures of 350°C, 400°C and 500°C and the longitudinal vibration amplitudes of 6μm and 10μm, the anti-barrel forming law of cylindrical specimens was studied, as well as the material flow law in the forming process. Results show that, the anti-barrel profiles may show up elliptic and hyperbolic curves, as well as the circular arc. The forming process of anti-barrel profile consists of multiple processes of high-speed collision, low-speed collision, high-speed compression and low-speed compression. The formation of anti-barrel profile may effectively promote the uniform flow of the end material and avoid upward-moving of the lateral material which is inevitable in conventional upsetting. The barrel and anti-barrel profiles perform almost opposite types of hot-working streamline, of which the layout of arcs opening inward and outward respectively.

In order to accurately predict the flow behavior of the TC11 titanium, the uniaxial compressive tests of TC11 titanium alloy were carried out by Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator with the temperature in the range of 900∼1050°C, and the strain rate of 0.1∼10s−1. Then the particle swarm optimization (PSO) was used to optimize the parameters of the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) model, and a high-temperature constitutive model of TC11 titanium alloy based on PSO-LSSVM was established, and the average relative error between the predicted value and the experimental value of the established constitutive model based on PSO-LSSVM is 1.51%, and the correlation coefficient is 0.997. The established constitutive model can accurately predict the high temperature flow behavior of TC11 titanium alloy. This indicated that a new method for establishing the constitutive model is provided.

An automated flow is described for total-ionizing dose (TID)-aware SPICE model generation that includes TID response and its dependence on process variability and layout. A memetic algorithm that balances multiple objectives, subject to realistic constraints, is introduced for global optimization of the flow. A differential evolution algorithm is adapted for global exploration, and a modified random pattern search strategy is introduced for local exploitation. The optimizer efficiently reduces the value of different kinds of objective functions in the extraction at reasonable cost and avoids premature convergence in most practical cases. The model is implemented in Verilog-A, can be applied to all foundry model formats, and supports all popular SPICE simulators. To validate the flow, simulations from models extracted from specific targets are compared with measured current-voltage characteristics under various irradiation conditions for 0.35 μm, 0.18 μm, and 90 nm bulk CMOS processes.