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Anxiety and school fears are relatively frequent in childhood. Psychology and education professionals need to have assessment instruments for screening for school anxiety in schools. This study aimed to develop, adapt, and examine the reliability and validity evidence of the School Anxiety Inventory for Primary Education (SAI-PE) scores. Using random cluster sampling, a sample of 843 Spanish students (51.7% girls), ages ranging from 8 to 12 years (M = 10.03, SD = 1.25), was selected from public and concerted schools. The content validity of the SAI-PE scores was analyzed through experts' judgment and students' assessment of their comprehension of the instrument's items. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses support the validity of the SAI-PE scores. The results revealed a multifactorial structure for the scores of anxiety reactions (cognitive, psychophysiological, and behavioral) and school situations scores (school punishment, victimization, social, and academic evaluation). The study conclusions reinforce the importance of having instruments that assess the complexity of emotional responses such as school anxiety, favoring its early detection and evaluating the effectiveness of preventive and/or therapeutic programs in schools.

[ES] La escoliosis idiopática del adolescente es una condición fenotípica caracterizada por una pérdida significativa de la simetría bilateral del torso en adolescentes sanos. Su origen es multifactorial, y dentro de sus factores etiopatogénicos se encuentran la hipótesis de inestabilidad del desarrollo y la posible influencia de los niveles de vitamina D en el crecimiento óseo. Sus manifestaciones clínicas, de marcado carácter estético en lo que se refiere a la forma del torso, necesitan ser investigadas en términos de topografía de superficie para poder aportar nuevas variables de estudio o testar alguna de sus hipótesis etiológicas. Estas nuevas variables topográficas pueden ser proporcionadas por la morfometría geométrica. Los métodos de morfometría geométrica comprenden un conjunto de análisis destinados a la cuantificación de la forma, el estudio de su variabilidad, o de la covariación de la misma respecto a otras variables. Se han empleado, en esta tesis doctoral, para definir variables morfogeométricas de asimetría, así como para testar la hipótesis de inestabilidad del desarrollo mediante la cuantificación de la variable “asimetría fluctuante”. Igualmente, se ha realizado el estudio de la covariación de la forma respecto a las variables médicas, morfogeométricas y analíticas. Se ha observado mayor asimetría bilateral del torso en pacientes con escoliosis idiopática en comparación con sujetos control. No hubo cambios en la forma en ninguno de los dos grupos a los 6 meses de seguimiento. Hemos encontrado la presencia significativa, y en mayor grado que en la muestra control, de asimetría fluctuante en el grupo escoliosis. Hemos observado, finalmente, diferencias en la covariación existente entre la forma 3D de superficie del torso y las variables médicas (ángulo de Cobb), morfogeométricas (asimetría direccional y fluctuante) y analíticas (vitamina D). El uso de variables morfogeométricas en el seguimiento clínico de los pacientes con escoliosis idiopática con, [EN] Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a phenotypic condition characterized by a loss of the bilateral symmetry of the torso in health adolescents. Its origin is multifactorial, and the developmental instability hypothesis or the influence of vitamin D on bone metabolism are found within those etiopathogenic factors. Its clinical manifestations, especially those related to the aesthetic component of the shape of the torso, need to be further investigated through surface topography methods to contribute with new study variables, or to test its etiological hypotheses. Geometric morphometric methods are a set of analyses that allow to quantify shape, to study shape variability, or to study the covariation of shape with other variables. They have been used, in this doctoral thesis, to define new geometric morphometric variables of asymmetry, and to test the developmental instability hypothesis by the quantification of the “fluctuating asymmetry” variable. Equally, it has been performed the study of the covariation of shape with medical, geometric morphometrics and analytical variables. It has been observed a greater bilateral asymmetry of the torso in patients with idiopathic scoliosis than in control subjects. There were no changes in shape neither in scoliosis or control groups 6 months after the first measurement. We have found a significant and higher presence of fluctuating gasymmetry in scoliosis group than in controls. Finally, we have observed differences in covariation between the surface of the 3D shape of the torso and the medical variables (Cobb angle), the geometric morphometric variables (directional and fluctuating asymmetry) and the analytical variables (vitamin D). The use of geometric morphometric variables in the clinical follow-up of patients with idiopathic scoliosis is a contribution to the comprehension of their aesthetic component and self-image perception. Thus, we have reviewed some of the etiological hypotheses of origin and development of th

[Purpose]: There is strong evidence supporting the presence of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Additionally, recent research investigating the relationship between vitamin D and AIS found a relation between them. We hypothesize a negative correlation between FA and vitamin D., [Methods]: We performed a surface scan of the torso of 53 AIS patients, a blood test to measure vitamin D and the radiographic Cobb angle. A correlation analysis between vitamin D and FA was carried out to test our hypothesis, and a regression of vitamin D on 3D shape was performed to observe shape differences between the vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency groups., [Results]: There was no correlation between vitamin D and FA. We found a strong negative correlation between vitamin D and the Cobb angle only in the premenarche group (n = 7; r = - 0.92). Differences in shape were observed between the deficiency and insufficiency groups, and that differences were related to the width of the torso, but not the rotation or lateral flexion., [Conclusions]: Our results do not support the massive screening of vitamin D in AIS. Shape analysis revealed differences between the shape of the deficiency and insufficiency groups related to robustness. However, this finding had no relation with the scoliosis characteristics, it just reflected different body composition, and its importance should be explored in future.

This retrospective study aimed to provide some clinical outcomes regarding effectiveness, toxicity, and quality of life in PCa patients treated with dose-escalated moderately hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT). Patients received HFRT to a total dose of 66 Gy in 22 fractions (3 Gy/fraction) delivered via volume modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in 2011–2016. Treatment effectiveness was measured by the biochemical failure-free survival rate. Toxicity was assessed according to the criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and quality of life according to the criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). In this regard, quality of life (QoL) was measured longitudinally, at a median of 2 and 5 years after RT. Enrolled patients had low-risk (40.2%), intermediate-risk (47.5%), and high-risk (12.3%) PCa. Median follow-up was 75 months. The biochemical failure-free survival rate was 94.2%. The incidence of acute grade 2 or higher gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity was 9.84% and 28.69%, respectively. The incidence rate of late grade 2 or higher GI and GU toxicity was 1.64% and 4.10%, respectively. Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) scores showed that the majority of patients maintained their QoL. HFRT to 66 Gy with VMAT was associated with adequate biochemical control, low toxicity and good reported GU and GI quality of life., Depto. de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Patología, Fac. de Medicina, TRUE, pub