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VLSI experiences a key position in many of the signal process applications. Multiply and Accumulation methodology is onein all told the chiefly used operation. Power, space and speed ar the metrics accustomed ensure the efficiency of a MAC unit. Surely cases each of these metrics plays a key role. In some cases, speed is simply targeted, so the other parameters do not appear to be rich priority in that case. Through the deep analysis of adders, Carry Select Adder has shown less space and power consumption than totally different adders. The processes that square measure involved in MAC are multiplication, addition and accumulation. The addition of Vedic techniques in a MAC is commonly an additional advantage .So, this project includes development of multiply and accumulate unit pattern frightened writing Sanskrit (UrdhvaTiryakbhyam sutra), accumulation unit involving Carry select adder (CSLA) and its implementation in a 4-tap FIR filter

INTRODUCTION: Crime scene has a specic identity, so are the criminals. Forensic medicine smells the criminal from scene of crime. It shows the role-play of criminals in the event of crime through detecting certain evidences. Finger prints are genetically inherited and are immutable from birth to death, hence considered as the best tools of identication. Literature states that there is a correlation between the physical characters and blood groups. Identication of nger prints along with the blood groups which are most common evidences in the crime areas, would drive the forensic scientist towards more reliable, accurate and denitive investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY: A. To Determine The Incidence Of Different Patterns Of Finger Prints Among Abo Blood Groups. B. To Ascertain The Correlation Between Finger Prints And Blood Groups. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present study was carried out among 200 people aged 20-25 years in Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh using simple random sampling technique. Blood groups of all the subjects were determined in the pathology lab of the college. The nger prints were analyzed by two authors with the help of powerful hand magnifying lens. The observations were categorized accordingly and correlated with the blood groups. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The study disclosed higher incidence of distribution with loop pattern followed by whorl pattern in O blood group subjects. Comparing the nger prints with blood groups there was no signicant correlation though the entities had their own signicance when analyzed individually.

The present paper investigates the influence of process parameters of friction stir welding (FSW) technique on the resulting microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the fabricated joints. The material considered for FSW is AA1100 aluminium rolled plates that are joined by using a square pin tool. In this research, parametric characterization of surface properties has been carried out by simulation using an artificial neural network (ANN) that is designed with multi layer, multi neuron and logistic sigmoid activation function. Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm including second-order error optimization has been selected to train the ANN. The ANN simulation has been done to estimate the tensile and yield strength, elongation, flexure stress and grain size with respect to tool rotational speed (RS), travel speed (TS) and plunge depth (PD), which are the process parameters of FSW process and also find an optimum condition which is essential to save energy and resources. This process finds its application in various automotive industries as there is a wide use of aluminium in the automobiles and aircrafts.

This paper deals with the experimental analysis of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of AA1100 aluminum alloy joined by means of a square pin tool. During the process, temperature measurement has been done by means of K-type thermocouples and it has been noticed that the temperature in the advancing side (AS) of the weld is about 20-25 °C higher than its retreating side (RS). The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the welded specimen is increased by 20% of the parent material due to the uniform dispersion of silicon particles present within the base material. Microstructural observations revealed finely arranged equiaxed grains in the nugget region of the weld. X-ray diffraction results showed the formation of alumina (Al2O3) in the weld nugget due to high heat generation and exposure to atmospheric oxygen during welding. Residual stress measurement exhibited a M-shaped distribution. The samples joined at low travel speed and high tool rotational speed showed compressive residual stress in the joint region. Residual stress of the material lying below the tool shoulder is found to be tensile in nature. Also, it has been noticed that the residual stress in the AS is superior in magnitude than the RS of the weld specimen.

The emergence of fog computing has witnessed a big role in initiating secure communication amongst users. Fog computing poses the ability to perform analysis, processing, and storage for a set of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Several IoT solutions are devised by utilizing the fog nodes to alleviate IoT devices from complex computation and heavy processing. This paper proposes an authentication scheme using fog nodes to manage IoT devices by providing security without considering a trusted third party. The proposed authentication scheme employed the benefits of fog node deployment. The authentication scheme using fog node offers reliable verification between the data owners and the requester without depending on the third party users. The proposed authentication scheme using fog nodes effectively solved the problems of a single point of failure in the storage system and offers many benefits by increasing the throughput and reducing the cost. The proposed scheme considers several entities, like end-users, IoT devices, fog nodes, and smart contracts, which help to administrate the authentication using access policies. The proposed authentication scheme using fog node provided superior results than other methods with minimal memory value of 4009.083 KB, minimal time of 76.915 s, and maximal Packet delivery ratio (PDR) of 76.

Recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis as initial manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism is rare. We report two cases of young women presenting with recurrent attacks of pancreatitis due to parathyroid adenoma. After surgical excision of the parathyroid adenoma, symptoms of pancreatitis resolved, and serum parathormone and calcium levels returned to normal.

An attempt has been made to characterize the friction stir-welded aluminium (AA 1100) joints in terms of the different processing parameters, like rotation speed of the tool (TRS), speed of welding (WS) and plunge depth (PD). In addition, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) has also been analysed in terms of the grain structure and grain orientation to throw light on the quality of the joint. The TRS is maintained at 1100–1500 rpm, WS at 20–60 mm/min and PD at 4.1–4.5 mm within a temperature range of 420–480 °C. Results show tensile and yield strength increase with increase in TRS and WS. Microhardness of the HAZ is the lowest among all the zones, indicating it to be the weakest region which represented the fracture location in the joint. Microstructural observations further reveal grain refinement at the joint and coarsening of grains away from the joint. Particle swarm optimization technique has been adopted for obtaining the optimal set of parameters to get suitable grain size for maximum tensile strength and ductility which govern the quality of welding. This research finds application in the automotive, ship building and aerospace industries as the optimization technique helps to achieve the best output with minimum supply of inputs without compromising the weld quality.

Reporting a rare case of Calvarial Cavernous Hemangioma. A 2-months-oldmale baby presented with Right Frontal swelling noticed when baby was 20days old rapidly progressive in size. On examination, it was solitary 6*7cm firm irregular swelling fixed to bone which On CT/MRI showed 6*5*4cm mixed density extra axial lesion in right frontal region with bony destruction causing mass effect and mid line shift? neoplastic. Baby had no neurological deficits. CBC showed Pancytopenia. Patient was operated under GA, total excision of the lesion and margin of surrounding eroded bone was performed. Tumor was completely extradural. Histopathology showed Bony trabeculae separated by loose fibrocollagenous tissue enclosing many endothelium lined Vascular spaces. Post operative no recurrence is observed. Cavernous Hemangioma of skull is very rare in infancy and must be included in differential diagnosis of skull lesions . Untreated Cavernous Hemangiomas may show progression. A suspected Neoplastic swelling turned out to be benign lesion. Timely operative intervention prevented complications due to severe anemia because of intralesional bleed. Keywords: Calvaria; Cavernous Hemangioma; Benign

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is characterized as pulmonary artery obstruction caused by a thrombotic embolus the usual clinical presence of acute PE involves a patient with a sudden onset of dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain at breathing, while blood coughing (hemoptysis), signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and even collapse are less prevalent. PE is classified as PE which is massive, sub-massive and low risk. PE is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among the patients who are hospitalized. When venous clot is dislodged from the place where it was actually formed, the clot then proceeds towards a vessel of pulmonary circulation leading to pulmonary embolism. Many factors affect pulmonary embolism such as prolonged immobility, advanced age, postoperative time, post-infarction period, heart failure, obesity, pregnancy, etc. Treatment mainly involves anti- coagulants. This brief review summarizes the pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment, management and supportive measures involved in Pulmonary embolism. Keywords: Pulmonary Embolism, Deep vein thrombosis, Bronchospasm, Thromboembolism.

Aluminum based hybrid metal matrix composite with more than two particle reinforcement is very much popular for heavy duty application, and the proportion of these particle reinforcement can be controlled to achieve desired mechanical properties (strength and wear resistance). AA 6061 alloys popularly used in aircraft and automobile applications, tends to have inferior tribological property and therefore particle reinforcements are being made to strengthen the matrix. The prime objective of this investigation is to study the effect of varying wt.% of proportionate individual reinforcement (SiC and B4C) on the mechanical properties of a particular composition (6 wt.%) of AA 6061 hybrid composite. The present investigation is done to evaluate the dependance of hard particle reinforcements on the strength and elongation behaviour of hybrid composite. Hardness measurement and uniaxial loading techniques were used to characterize the mechanical properties of the as-cast hybrid composites, whereas OM, XRD and SEM analysis was done to study the distribution of reinforcement within the base (AA 6061) metal matrix phase. The improvement in mechanical properties, such as Vickers hardness, UTS, yield strength and elongation were presented and explained using various hypothesis proposed by previous studies. The role of clustering theory and effect of binary eutectic Mg2Si phase found to be key the enhanced mechanical properties of the hybrid composites. Addition of Alkaline Earth Metal (Mg) during the synthesis process have led to an increase in the elongation of hybrid composite with the increase in wt.% of reinforcement which is analogous to the effect of alkali metals (‘Na’ and ‘Li’) addition that helps in refining the Mg2Si Eutectic phase.

This paper aims at developing a communication device suitable for people with Deaf-Blindness, as well as visual impairment or hearing loss. Our approach focuses on designing a low cost, portable and standalone communicating device that converts Braille to Text, for people suffering from Deaf-Blindness. Here two modes of communication can be implemented i.e. short distance communication (Face to Face) and long distance communication. For short distance communication, Braille keypad is used as an input and an LCD display as an output respectively. For long distance communication, the GSM module is interfaced to send the message to a remote receiver. In order to reduce the cost, the braille keyboard is replaced with push buttons with same functionalities. A vibration band is introduced to notify the user whenever the message is sent.

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major worldwide health problem characterized by progressive immunosuppression. The morbidity of HIV patients is due to its association with opportunistic infections among which oral candidiasis is common. Regardless of HIV status, candidiasis can prevail when their immune system is depressed. Oral candidiasis can thus serve as a useful marker for both restoration of immune functions and HIV disease progression. Routine identification of Candida species is laborious and time-consuming. HICHROM agar stains different species into different colors facilitating rapid reliable identification of candida species as they differ in their virulence and sensitivity to antifungal drugs. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study includes a total of 200 HIV seropositive patients from Anti-Retroviral Therapy Centre, West Godavari District. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected in a screw-capped universal container. Five microliters of each sample using a sterile inoculating loop is streaked on the chromogenic agar culture media. The colonies formed are counted using a magnifying glass and LAPIZ colony counter. Candidal colony-forming units per milliliter were analyzed, compared and correlated among different study groups. Different candida species were also identified in the study. Results: Nonalbicans Candida was the most common species isolated in our study accounting for 53% and Candida albicans accounting for 47%. Considering initial and final CD4 counts, there is improvement in patients on retroviral therapy. Conclusion: Identification of the species is important for epidemiological reasons and for treatment purposes to ensure a better prognosis since some species present reduced susceptibility to azoles.

IoT consists of a collection of constrained sensor-based devices and connected for communication. During this process, the sensors produce a huge quantity of data and transmitted in the network. Due to the uninterrupted transmission of sensitive data over the network, IoT devices are targeted for a different type of attacks. To nullify the attacks and to safeguard the sensitive information security is required. Given this, lightweight cryptographic algorithms are introduced. In this paper, various lightweight cryptographic algorithms are compared for data security between and cloud.

Introduction: Oral cancer is a multistep process involving foul play of proto-oncogenes that induce cell proliferation, inactivation of tumor suppressor gene and cessation of programmed cell death. Among various proto-oncogenes, the nature and behavior of Bcl-2 and c-Myc in oral precancerous/cancerous lesions were obscured which require further assessment for better understanding of etiology, treatment and prognosis. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the expression of Bcl-2 and c-Myc in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study of 70 (oral dysplasia [30], OSCC [30] and normal gingiva [10]) is immunohistochemically assessed for Bcl-2 and c-Myc for distribution, intensity, percentage of positive cells, localization and immunoreactive scores using ImageJ software. Results: Bcl-2 showed 60% and 37% positivity within dysplasia and OSCC, respectively (P = 0.03); c-Myc showed 87% and 90% positivity within dysplasia and OSCC, respectively. In OSCC, c-Myc showed moderate intensity (P = 0.04). Average percentage of positive cells expressing c-Myc and Bcl-2 increased proportionally within grades of dysplasia (P = 0.000 and P = 0.008, respectively), whereas in OSCC, only c-Myc showed significant expression (P = 0.021). Localization of c-Myc was seen in the nucleus among OSCC (P = 0.01). c-Myc and Bcl-2 showed moderate immunoreactivity in dysplasia (P = 0.005 and P = 0.013, respectively), whereas in OSCC, moderate immunoreactivity of c-Myc (P = 0.05) was observed. Conclusion: Variable expression of c-Myc and Bcl-2 reveals that these proteins act in synergism in early phases of carcinogenesis, whereas in later stages, due to the diminished activity of Bcl-2, c-Myc interacts incoordination with other oncogenes contributing to tumor progression.

Designing photocatalytic materials with modified functionalities for the utilization of renewable energy sources as an alternative driving energy has attracted much attention in the area of sustainable wastewater treatment applications. Catalyst-assisted advanced oxidation process is an emerging treatment technology for organic pollutants and toxicants in industrial wastewater. Preparation of visible-light-responsive photocatalyst such as Mg-doped TiO2 polyscales was carried out under mild sol–gel technique. Mg-doped TiO2 polyscales were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, FTIR, and optical and photocatalytic activity techniques. The Mg-doped TiO2 showed a mixed phase of anatase and rutile with an excellent crystallinity, structural elucidations, polyscales morphology, consequent shifting of bandgap energy and adequate photocatalytic activities under visible range of light. Mg-doped TiO2 polyscales were investigated for their efficiencies in the degradation of most commonly used industrial dyes in the real-time textile wastewater. Mg-doped TiO2 polyscales showed excellent photocatalytic degradation efficiency in both model industrial dyes (65–95%) and textile wastewater (92%) under natural sunlight as an alternative and renewable driving energy.

The present study analyses the effect of input parameters namely peak current (Ip), pulse-on-time (Ton), duty cycle (DC) and gap voltage (Vg) on the response variables material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), diametral overcut (Z) and surface roughness (SR) during the electric discharge machining of AlSiC metal matrix composite (MMC) using copper tool electrode. L9 orthogonal array was selected to conduct the experiments. Multi objective optimization has been done using a hybrid approach by combining principal component analysis (PCA) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to obtain the optimum set of input parameters. Microstructure analysis was carried out on the machined surface obtained from the optimal set using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to investigate the surface modification on the workpiece.