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1. Postpartum hemorrhage is associated with neonatal body weight, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and maternal weight gain

Author: S. Yamamura, K. Yamaguchi, I. Hayashi, N. Nagai, N. Sakane, A. Ikeda, M. Takakura, I. Emoto, M. Ujita, K. Kawasaki, K. Abiko, Y. Takao, K. Takakura, and I. Konishi
Subjects: postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal body weight, body mass index, body weight gain, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract: Purpose of Investigation: The purpose is to identify factors related to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) that are evaluated during regular prenatal check-ups. Materials and Methods: Obstetric and neonatal data were collected retrospectively for 1,922 women with singleton pregnancies who delivered vaginally. Results: Overweight women exhibited more severe PPH cases compared to normal PPH (p = 0.04). Of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), gestational week of delivery, and neonatal body weight, neonatal body weight showed a significantly elevated risk for severe PPH (adjusted OR = 1.156, p < 0.001). Infant body weight was correlated positively with pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, and gestational week of delivery (r = 0.194, r = 0.189 and r = 0.364, respectively). Pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, and gestational week of delivery were associated with neonatal body weight (adjusted B = 0.169, 1.206 and 1.181, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Management of maternal body weight induces a safe delivery through controlling neonatal body weight. Content: Severe postpartum hemorrhage is associated with neonatal body weight which is influenced by maternal body mass index and weight gain.
Published: 2020
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2. Stroke, systemic embolism and bleeding rate in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients without anticoagulation on the real world data in Japan

Author: M Nishikawa, Yuhei Nishimura, S Tamaru, K Tanizawa, N Nagai, and A Okada
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Aspirin, Blood transfusion, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Embolism, Heart failure, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Anticoagulant therapy is recommended in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) for those with CHADS2 ≥2. However, there have been significant number of subjects with CHADS2 ≥2 who receive no anticoagulation. Most of reported real world data have been collected mainly before wide spread use of DOAC. This study evaluated the clinical outcome of no anticoagulant drug therapy in NVAF. Methods This study is a non-interventional, observational, retrospective cohort study of NVAF patients in Mie-LIP Database, which is a regional clinical database joining 1 university hospital and 8 general hospitals in Mie prefecture in Japan. Patient enrolment was conducted from 1st Jan. 2016 to 31st Dec. 2018. The primary outcome events are ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, and bleeding events (bleeding to need a blood transfusion, intracranial bleeding, intraocular bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding). Results 7001 patients were included in the current analysis, 2550 patients, 36.4% were treated without any anticoagulant drug therapy. Table 1 shows patients with no anticoagulant drug therapy, mean age was 75.4 years and 42.2% of patients were female. The most frequent comorbidities included hypertension (50.0%), diabetes mellitus (28.2%), heart failure (14.0%), ischemic stroke (12.7%), vascular disease (14.4%) respectively. The annual incidence of ischemic stroke, systemic embolism per 100 person-years is 3.7, and that in each CHADS2 group is 0: 1.4, 1: 1.4, 2: 3.2, 3–6: 8, respectively in Figure 1. The annual incidence of bleeding events is 1.5, and that in each CHADS2 group is 0: 0.7, 1: 1.0, 2: 1.2, 3–6: 2.9, respectively. Conclusions Approximately one-thirds of subjects have not received any anticoagulation in the modern DOAC in daily clinical practice in Japan. The rate of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism increased by CHADS2. Stroke or SEE rate was very low in subjects with CHADS2 ≤1, supporting no indication of anticoagulation in current guidelines. Regarding subjects with CHADS2>2, considering the higher risk of stroke, use of anticoagulant drug therapy is recommended. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Published: 2020
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3. Dietary magnesium intake and risk of incident coronary heart disease in men: A prospective cohort study

Author: Yoshihiro Kokubo, Isao Saito, Hiroyasu Iso, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Junko Ishihara, Koutatsu Maruyama, Manami Inoue, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, S. Tsugane, N. Sawada, M. Iwasaki, S. Sasazuki, T. Yamaji, T. Shimazu, T. Hanaoka, J. Ogata, S. Baba, T. Mannami, A. Okayama, Y. Kokubo, K. Miyakawa, F. Saito, A. Koizumi, Y. Sano, I. Hashimoto, T. Ikuta, Y. Tanaba, H. Sato, Y. Roppongi, T. Takashima, H. Suzuki, Y. Miyajima, N. Suzuki, S. Nagasawa, Y. Furusugi, N. Nagai, Y. Ito, S. Komatsu, T. Minamizono, H. Sanada, Y. Hatayama, F. Kobayashi, H. Uchino, Y. Shirai, T. Kondo, R. Sasaki, Y. Watanabe, Y. Miyagawa, Y. Kobayashi, M. Machida, K. Kobayashi, M. Tsukada, Y. Kishimoto, E. Takara, T. Fukuyama, M. Kinjo, M. Irei, H. Sakiyama, K. Imoto, H. Yazawa, T. Seo, A. Seiko, F. Ito, F. Shoji, R. Saito, A. Murata, K. Minato, K. Motegi, T. Fujieda, S. Yamato, K. Matsui, T. Abe, M. Katagiri, M. Suzuki, M. Doi, A. Terao, Y. Ishikawa, T. Tagami, H. Sueta, H. Doi, M. Urata, N. Okamoto, F. Ide, H. Goto, R. Fujita, N. Onga, H. Takaesu, M. Uehara, T. Nakasone, M. Yamakawa, F. Horii, I. Asano, H. Yamaguchi, K. Aoki, S. Maruyama, M. Ichii, M. Takano, Y. Tsubono, K. Suzuki, Y. Honda, K. Yamagishi, S. Sakurai, N. Tsuchiya, M. Kabuto, M. Yamaguchi, Y. Matsumura, S. Sasaki, S. Watanabe, M. Akabane, T. Kadowaki, M. Inoue, M. Noda, T. Mizoue, Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Takashima, Y. Yoshida, K. Nakamura, R. Takachi, J. Ishihara, S. Matsushima, S. Natsukawa, H. Shimizu, H. Sugimura, S. Tominaga, N. Hamajima, H. Iso, T. Sobue, M. Iida, W. Ajiki, A. Ioka, S. Sato, E. Maruyama, M. Konishi, K. Okada, I. Saito, N. Yasuda, S. Kono, S. Akiba, and T. Isobe
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronary Disease, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Dietary Magnesium, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Magnesium, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diet Records, Coronary heart disease, Confidence interval, Diet, Physical therapy, Population study, Female, business
Abstract: Summary Background & aims The associations between dietary magnesium intake and stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidences are inconsistent and not established in Asian. We aimed to determine the association between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of stroke and CHD in a Japanese population. Subjects/Methods We studied 85,293 Japanese subjects by questionnaire at baseline (age 45–74 years, without cardiovascular disease or cancer in 1995 and 1998 for Cohorts I and II, respectively). The participants were followed until the end of 2009 and 2010 in Cohorts I and II, respectively. Dietary magnesium intake was estimated from a self-administered 138-item food-frequency questionnaire. Results After 1,305,738 person-years of follow-up, 4110 strokes and 1283 cases of CHD were documented. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs, 95% confidence intervals, 95%CIs) of CHD for the fourth and fifth quintiles of dietary magnesium intake were 0.70 (0.50–0.99) and 0.66 (0.44–0.97) in men (P for trend = 0.036), respectively, and third quintile of dietary magnesium intake was 0.61 (0.39–0.96) in women (P for trend = 0.241), compared with the lowest quintile in men and women. We observed no decreased risks of incident stroke in men or women with higher dietary magnesium intakes. Conclusions Higher dietary magnesium intake was associated with a reduced risk of CHD in Japanese men.
Published: 2018
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4. Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk in middle-aged adults: A large population-based prospective cohort study

Author: M. Ichii, S. Sakurai, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Y. Tsubono, N. Suzuki, H. Goto, T. Kondo, Y. Sato, Takashi Fujieda, Hiroyasu Iso, K. Aoki, M. Doi, T. Isobe, M. Kinjo, Kouji Minato, Norie Sawada, K. Imoto, H. Suzuki, E. Takara, Y. Watanabe, S. Tominaga, R. Sasaki, S. Sato, T. Abe, Y. Ito, Y. Roppongi, T. Tagami, Y. Kishimoto, M. Iwasaki, Y. Miyajima, K. Nakamura, T. Seo, S. Komatsu, Minoru Iida, S. Matsushima, Taiki Yamaji, J. Ogata, A. Seiko, N. Okamoto, M. Uehara, K. Matsui, H. Yazawa, H. Sueta, Kazumasa Yamagishi, S. Akiba, H. Yamaguchi, T. Shimazu, S. Kono, Y. Shirai, I. Asano, Y. Tanaba, N. Tsuchiya, H. Sugimura, Y. Hatayama, S. Tsugane, I. Hashimoto, N. Nagai, Y. Matsumura, K. Miyakawa, A. Okayama, Akiko Nanri, A. Terao, T. Minamizono, K. Suzuki, M. Urata, S. Natsukawa, T. Fukuyama, Tetsuya Mizoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, J. Ishihara, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Y. Honda, M. Katagiri, Y. Yoshida, M. Inoue, H. Sato, Ribeka Takachi, K. Kobayashi, R. Saito, Sangah Shin, M. Irei, R. Takachi, Y. Ishikawa, Y. Kawaguchi, Tomotaka Sobue, Eiko Saito, S. Nagasawa, Mitsuhiko Noda, Taichi Shimazu, T. Nakasone, M. Kabuto, Nobufumi Yasuda, Isao Saito, K. Okada, Yukiaki Miyagawa, M. Akabane, F. Kobayashi, T. Hanaoka, S. Sasaki, M. Suzuki, A. Ioka, F. Ide, F. Shoji, Y. Kobayashi, S. Sasazuki, Hiroshi Sakiyama, M. Yamakawa, K. Motegi, H. Shimizu, S. Yamato, Shizuka Sasazuki, A. Murata, Junko Ishihara, F. Ito, M. Tsukada, Toshifumi Mannami, S. Baba, F. Horii, Motoki Iwasaki, H. Uchino, W. Ajiki, Takashi Kadowaki, T. Takashima, Y. Furusugi, N. Onga, Masamitsu Konishi, S. Watanabe, A. Koizumi, T. Ikuta, M. Takano, H. Doi, S. Maruyama, Yasuhiro Takashima, Y. Sano, H. Sanada, M. Yamaguchi, E. Maruyama, M. Machida, R. Fujita, H. Takaesu, F. Saito, and Manami Inoue
Subjects: Adult, Male, Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Diet Surveys, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Public health, Confounding, Cancer, Middle Aged, Dietary pattern, medicine.disease, Diet, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Female, Colorectal Neoplasms, business, Demography
Abstract: A finding between dietary pattern and cancer may provide visions beyond the assessment of individual foods or nutrients. We examined the influence of dietary pattern with colorectal cancer (CRC) among a Japanese population.A total of 93,062 subjects (43,591 men, 49,471 women) who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study were followed from 1995-1998 to the end of 2012, during which 2482 cases of CRC (1514 men, 968 women) were newly identified. Dietary data was obtained from a validated food-frequency questionnaire between 1995 and 1998.Three dietary pattern was derived from principal components factor: prudent, westernized, and traditional pattern. After controlled for potential confounders, the prudent pattern showed a decreased association of CRC risk in men (HR for highest quintile vs lowest: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72-1.00; P trend0.05), slightly more strongly with distal colon cancer (P trend0.05); but an increased risk of rectal cancer in women (P trend0.05). The westernized pattern showed a significant positive linear trend for colon (P trend0.05) and distal cancer (P trend0.05) in women. There was no apparent association of traditional Japanese dietary pattern on the overall or any specific sites risk of CRC.A prudent dietary pattern showed an inverse association with CRC risk in men, and a westernized pattern was related with a higher risk of colon and distal cancer in women.
Published: 2018
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5. Coping strategies and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality: the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study

Author: Thomas, Svensson, Manami, Inoue, Norie, Sawada, Kazumasa, Yamagishi, Hadrien, Charvat, Isao, Saito, Yoshihiro, Kokubo, Hiroyasu, Iso, Noriyuki, Kawamura, Kenji, Shibuya, Masaru, Mimura, Shoichiro, Tsugane, S, Tsugane, N, Sawada, M, Iwasaki, S, Sasazuki, T, Shimazu, T, Yamaji, T, Hanaoka, J, Ogata, S, Baba, T, Mannami, A, Okayama, Y, Kokubo, K, Miyakawa, F, Saito, A, Koizumi, Y, Sano, I, Hashimoto, T, Ikuta, Y, Tanaba, H, Sato, Y, Roppongi, T, Takashima, Y, Miyajima, N, Suzuki, S, Nagasawa, Y, Furusugi, N, Nagai, Y, Ito, S, Komatsu, T, Minamizono, H, Sanada, Y, Hatayama, F, Kobayashi, H, Uchino, Y, Shirai, T, Kondo, R, Sasaki, Y, Watanabe, Y, Miyagawa, Y, Kobayashi, M, Machida, K, Kobayashi, M, Tsukada, Y, Kishimoto, E, Takara, T, Fukuyama, M, Kinjo, M, Irei, H, Sakiyama, K, Imoto, H, Yazawa, T, Seo, A, Seiko, F, Ito, F, Shoji, R, Saito, A, Murata, K, Minato, K, Motegi, T, Fujieda, S, Yamato, K, Matsui, T, Abe, M, Katagiri, M, Suzuki, M, Doi, A, Terao, Y, Ishikawa, T, Tagami, H, Sueta, H, Doi, M, Urata, N, Okamoto, F, Ide, H, Goto, N, Onga, H, Takaesu, M, Uehara, T, Nakasone, M, Yamakawa, F, Horii, I, Asano, H, Yamaguchi, K, Aoki, S, Maruyama, M, Ichii, M, Takano, Y, Tsubono, K, Suzuki, Y, Honda, K, Yamagishi, S, Sakurai, N, Tsuchiya, M, Kabuto, M, Yamaguchi, Y, Matsumura, S, Sasaki, S, Watanabe, M, Akabane, T, Kadowaki, M, Inoue, M, Noda, T, Mizoue, Y, Kawaguchi, Y, Takashima, Y, Yoshida, K, Nakamura, R, Takachi, J, Ishihara, S, Matsushima, S, Natsukawa, H, Shimizu, H, Sugimura, S, Tominaga, N, Hamajima, H, Iso, T, Sobue, M, Iida, W, Ajiki, A, Ioka, S, Sato, E, Maruyama, M, Konishi, K, Okada, I, Saito, N, Yasuda, S, Kono, and S, Akiba
Subjects: Male, Coping (psychology), medicine.medical_specialty, Myocardial Infarction, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Adaptation, Psychological, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Aged, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, Avoidance coping, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cohort, Physical therapy, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Aims Coping strategies may be significantly associated with health outcomes. This is the first study to investigate the association between baseline coping strategies and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality in a general population cohort. Methods and results The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study asked questions on coping in its third follow-up survey (2000–04). Analyses on CVD incidence and mortality included 57 017 subjects aged 50–79 without a history of CVD and who provided complete answers on approach- and avoidance-oriented coping behaviours and strategies. Cox regression models, adjusted for confounders, were used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) according to coping style. Mean follow-up time was 7.9 years for incidence and 8.0 years for mortality. The premorbid use of an approach-oriented coping strategy was inversely associated with incidence of stroke (HR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73–1.00) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55–0.99). Stroke subtype analyses revealed an inverse association between the approach-oriented coping strategy and incidence of ischaemic stroke (HR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.98) and a positive association between the combined coping strategy and incidence of intra-parenchymal haemorrhage (HR = 2.03; 95% CI, 1.01–4.10). Utilizing an avoidance coping strategy was associated with increased mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) only in hypertensive individuals (HR = 3.46; 95% CI, 1.07–11.18). The coping behaviours fantasizing and positive reappraisal were associated with increased risk of CVD incidence (HR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.03–1.50) and reduced risk of IHD mortality (HR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40–0.99), respectively. Conclusion An approach-oriented coping strategy, i.e. proactively dealing with sources of stress, may be associated with significantly reduced stroke incidence and CVD mortality in a Japanese population-based cohort.
Published: 2016
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6. Quantitative Modeling and Simulation in PMDA: A Japanese Regulatory Perspective

Author: M Shikano, M Sato, S Kijima, Y Ochiai, N Nagai, Y Nomura, and Y Ando
Subjects: Engineering, Operations research, business.industry, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Modeling and simulation, 03 medical and health sciences, Engineering management, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Modeling and Simulation, Drug approval, Pharmacology (medical), Electronic data, business
Abstract: In Japan in October 2016, the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) began to receive electronic data in new drug applications (NDAs). These electronic data are useful to conduct regulatory assessment of sponsors' submissions and contribute to the PMDA's research. In this article, we summarize the number of submissions of quantitative modeling and simulation (M&S) documents in NDAs in Japan, and we describe our current thinking and activities about quantitative M&S in PMDA.
Published: 2017
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7. 316 Dupilumab effects on the circulating ILC2 population and ILC2/3 repertoire in patients with atopic dermatitis

Author: Yasutomo Imai, N. Nagai, Kiyofumi Yamanishi, Minori Kusakabe, M. Natsuaki, Koubun Yasuda, and Y. Inoue
Subjects: education.field_of_study, business.industry, Repertoire, Population, Cell Biology, Dermatology, Atopic dermatitis, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Dupilumab, Immunology, Medicine, In patient, business, education, Molecular Biology
Published: 2020
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8. Location and temporal variations of shear wave splitting in a South African gold mine

Author: A. Cho, M. Ando, T. Ohkura, N. Nagai, Y. Iio, and H. Ogasawara
Subjects: Shear wave splitting, Geology, Seismology
Published: 2017
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9. Plasma levels of n-3 fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease among Japanese: The Japan Public Health Center-based (JPHC) study

Author: Kei Hamazaki, Hiroyasu Iso, Ehab S. Eshak, Satoyo Ikehara, Ai Ikeda, Motoki Iwasaki, Tomohito Hamazaki, Shoichiro Tsugane, S. Tsugane, N. Sawada, M. Iwasaki, S. Sasazuki, T. Yamaji, T. Shimazu, A. Goto, A. Hidaka, T. Hanaoka, J. Ogata, S. Baba, T. Mannami, A. Okayama, Y. Kokubo, K. Miyakawa, F. Saito, A. Koizumi, Y. Sano, I. Hashimoto, T. Ikuta, Y. Tanaba, H. Sato, Y. Roppongi, T. Takashima, H. Suzuki, Y. Miyajima, N. Suzuki, S. Nagasawa, Y. Furusugi, N. Nagai, Y. Ito, S. Komatsu, T. Minamizono, H. Sanada, Y. Hatayama, F. Kobayashi, H. Uchino, Y. Shirai, T. Kondo, R. Sasaki, Y. Watanabe, Y. Miyagawa, Y. Kobayashi, M. Machida, K. Kobayashi, M. Tsukada, Y. Kishimoto, E. Takara, T. Fukuyama, M. Kinjo, M. Irei, H. Sakiyama, K. Imoto, H. Yazawa, T. Seo, A. Seiko, F. Ito, F. Shoji, R. Saito, A. Murata, K. Minato, K. Motegi, T. Fujieda, S. Yamato, M. Doi, K. Matsui, T. Abe, M. Katagiri, M. Suzuki, A. Terao, Y. Ishikawa, T. Tagami, H. Sueta, H. Doi, M. Urata, N. Okamoto, F. Ide, H. Goto, R. Fujita, Y. Sou, N. Onga, H. Takaesu, M. Uehara, T. Nakasone, M. Yamakawa, F. Horii, I. Asano, H. Yamaguchi, K. Aoki, S. Maruyama, M. Ichii, M. Takano, Y. Tsubono, K. Suzuki, Y. Honda, K. Yamagishi, S. Sakurai, N. Tsuchiya, M. Kabuto, M. Yamaguchi, Y. Matsumura, S. Sasaki, S. Watanabe, M. Akabane, T. Kadowaki, M. Inoue, M. Noda, T. Mizoue, Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Takashima, Y. Yoshida, K. Nakamura, R. Takachi, J. Ishihara, S. Matsushima, S. Natsukawa, H. Shimizu, H. Sugimura, S. Tominaga, N. Hamajima, H. Iso, T. Sobue, M. Iida, W. Ajiki, A. Ioka, S. Sato, E. Maruyama, M. Konishi, K. Okada, I. Saito, N. Yasuda, S. Kono, S. Akiba, T. Isobe, and Y. Sato
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronary Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Sudden cardiac death, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Fish Products, medicine, Odds Ratio, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Aged, chemistry.chemical_classification, Meal, business.industry, Odds ratio, Feeding Behavior, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, chemistry, Quartile, Case-Control Studies, Cohort, Multivariate Analysis, Female, Public Health, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background and aims Higher intake of fish or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is unclear whether increased blood levels of n-3 PUFAs are associated with reduced risk of CHD in the Japanese population. Methods The relationship between circulating levels of n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid + docosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid) and risk of CHD was examined in a nested case-control study among participants in the Japan Public Health Center (JPHC)-based Study Cohort. Plasma n-3 PUFA phospholipid levels were measured at baseline by gas chromatography in 209 cases with CHD and 418 controls matched for sex, age, date of blood draw, time elapsed since last meal before blood collection, and study location. The CHD cases (n = 209) comprised 168 cases of myocardial infarction and 41 of sudden cardiac death, otherwise classified as 157 non-fatal and 52 fatal coronary events, respectively. Mean duration of follow-up was 13.5 years. Results Multivariate conditional logistic analysis showed no significant association between n-3 PUFAs and risk of total CHD. The odds ratio (OR) for the highest versus lowest quartiles of plasma n-3 PUFAs was 0.79 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.41–1.51, p for trend = 0.51). Subtype analysis of CHD revealed that the multivariate ORs for the highest versus lowest quartiles for n-3 PUFAs were 0.91 (95% CI: 0.43–1.89, p for trend = 0.90) for myocardial infarction, 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01–0.88, p for trend = 0.04) for sudden cardiac death, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.42–1.89, p for trend = 0.97) for nonfatal coronary events, and 0.12 (95% CI: 0.02–0.75, p for trend = 0.03) for fatal coronary events. Conclusions Plasma n-3 PUFA levels were not associated with risk of total CHD but were inversely associated with risks of sudden cardiac death and fatal coronary events among middle-aged Japanese individuals.
Published: 2017

10. Modification of the Excess Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Due to Smoking by Seafood/Fish Intake

Author: E. S. Eshak, H. Iso, K. Yamagishi, Y. Kokubo, I. Saito, H. Yatsuya, N. Sawada, M. Inoue, S. Tsugane, T. Sobue, T. Hanaoka, J. Ogata, S. Baba, T. Mannami, A. Okayama, K. Miyakawa, F. Saito, A. Koizumi, Y. Sano, I. Hashimoto, T. Ikuta, Y. Miyajima, N. Suzuki, S. Nagasawa, Y. Furusugi, N. Nagai, H. Sanada, Y. Hatayama, F. Kobayashi, H. Uchino, Y. Shirai, T. Kondo, R. Sasaki, Y. Watanabe, Y. Miyagawa, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Kishimoto, E. Takara, T. Fukuyama, M. Kinjo, M. Irei, H. Sakiyama, K. Imoto, H. Yazawa, T. Seo, A. Seiko, F. Ito, F. Shoji, A. Murata, K. Minato, K. Motegi, T. Fujieda, K. Matsui, T. Abe, M. Katagiri, M. Suzuki, M. Doi, A. Terao, Y. Ishikawa, T. Tagami, H. Sueta, H. Doi, M. Urata, N. Okamoto, F. Ide, N. Onga, H. Takaesu, M. Uehara, F. Horii, I. Asano, H. Yamaguchi, K. Aoki, S. Maruyama, M. Ichii, M. Takano, Y. Tsubono, K. Suzuki, Y. Honda, S. Sakurai, M. Kabuto, M. Yamaguchi, Y. Matsumura, S. Sasaki, S. Watanabe, M. Akabane, T. Kadowaki, M. Noda, Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Takashima, K. Nakamura, S. Matsushima, S. Natsukawa, H. Shimizu, H. Sugimura, S. Tominaga, M. Iida, W. Ajiki, A. Ioka, S. Sato, E. Maruyama, M. Konishi, K. Okada, N. Yasuda, and S. Kono
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Epidemiology, Health Behavior, Protective factor, Coronary Disease, Sex Factors, Japan, Internal medicine, Environmental health, Humans, Medicine, Fish intake, Myocardial infarction, Risk factor, Aged, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Smoking, Hazard ratio, Age Factors, Absolute risk reduction, food and beverages, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Coronary heart disease, Diet, Seafood, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Female, business
Abstract: Seafood/fish intake has been regarded as a protective factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), while smoking is a strong risk factor. To examine whether associations between smoking and risk of CHD are modified by seafood/fish intake, we studied 72,012 Japanese men and women aged 45-74 years who completed 2 food frequency questionnaires, 5 years apart, during the period 1995-2009. After 878,163 person-years of follow-up, 584 incident cases of CHD (101 fatal and 483 nonfatal), including 516 myocardial infarctions, were documented. There was a clear dose-response association between smoking and CHD risk among subjects with a low seafood/fish intake (
Published: 2014
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11. Development of multi-pixel photon counters for the T2K long baseline neutrino experiment

Author: T. Murakami, N. Nagai, Antonin Vacheret, F. Retiere, M. H. Tanaka, T. Nakadaira, D. Orme, A. Minamino, Masashi Yokoyama, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, and Yu. Kudenko
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Test bench, Photon, business.industry, Detector, Noise (electronics), Silicon photomultiplier, Optics, Neutrino, Photonics, business, Instrumentation, Lepton
Abstract: We have developed a multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) with Hamamatsu Photonics for use in the TokaiKamioka (T2K) long baseline neutrino experiment. A total of 60,000 MPPCs will be used in the T2K near detector, the first time that MPPCs have been used on such a large scale. We have created a test bench to measure the gain, noise rate, crosstalk and afterpulse rate, and photon detection efficiency of 17,686 of these MPPCs. The results of these measurements are presented in this paper. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016
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12. Application of Hamamatsu MPPCs to T2K neutrino detectors

Author: M. H. Tanaka, Yu. Kudenko, T. Murakami, K. Nitta, T. Nakadaira, Masashi Yokoyama, S. Gomi, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, M. Otani, Antonin Vacheret, F. Retiere, N. Nagai, D. Orme, and A. Minamino
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, Astrophysics, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Neutrino detector, Scintillation counter, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino, business, Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: A special type of Hamamatsu MPPC, with a sensitive area of 1.3x1.3mm^2 containing 667 pixels with 50x50um^2 each, has been developed for the near neutrino detector in the T2K long baseline neutrino experiment. About 60 000 MPPCs will be used in total to read out the plastic scintillator detectors with wavelength shifting fibers. We report on the basic performance of MPPCs produced for T2K., Contribution to the proceedings of NDIP 2008, Aix-les-Bains, France, June 15-20, 2008
Published: 2016

13. Performance of multi-pixel photon counters for the T2K near detectors

Author: M. H. Tanaka, T. Nakadaira, A. Minamino, Masashi Yokoyama, N. Nagai, T. Murakami, S. Gomi, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, K. Ieki, K. Nitta, D. Orme, and M. Otani
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Photon, Pixel, business.industry, Detector, T2K experiment, FOS: Physical sciences, Photodetector, Biasing, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Neutrino detector, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino, business, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract: We have developed a Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC) for the neutrino detectors of T2K experiment. About 64,000 MPPCs have been produced and tested in about a year. In order to characterize a large number of MPPCs, we have developed a system that simultaneously measures 64 MPPCs with various bias voltage and temperature. The performance of MPPCs are found to satisfy the requirement of T2K experiment. In this paper, we present the performance of 17,686 MPPCs measured at Kyoto University., Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2010
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14. 1202 Up-regulation of melanocyte motility in UVB-irradiated skin is mediated by switching between molecular species of stem cell factor

Author: N. Nagai and M. Yoshida
Subjects: medicine.anatomical_structure, Downregulation and upregulation, Chemistry, medicine, Motility, Stem cell factor, Cell Biology, Dermatology, Irradiation, Melanocyte, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Cell biology
Published: 2018
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15. Adiponectin gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms and treatment response to obesity

Author: Kokoro Tsuzaki, Yoshiko Sano, Kazuhiko Kotani, Yoshinori Kitagawa, Taku Hamada, Makiko Yoshimura, Kahori Egawa, Chika Horikawa, Naoki Sakane, K. Saiga, Yoshinobu Kiso, N. Nagai, and Toshio Moritani
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Diet, Reducing, Genotype, Meal replacement, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Type 2 diabetes, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, SNP, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, Adiponectin, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Treatment Outcome, Female, Waist Circumference, Metabolic syndrome
Abstract: Background: In the adiponectin gene polymorphisms, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)−45 and SNP276 have reportedly been associated with obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and other features of metabolic syndrome. Aim: Whether these adiponectin SNP affect obesity-related parameters during caloric restriction in obese subjects. Subjects and methods: Thirty-two obese Japanese women were treated by meal replacement with a low calorie diet for 8 weeks and asked to maintain their habitual lifestyle. Obesity-related parameters were measured before and after the treatment period. We determined four SNP (T45G, I164T, G276T, and C-11377G) using a fluorescent allele-specific DNA primer assay system and FRET probe assay system. Results: After the treatment, the extent of decrease in waist circumference was greater in the subjects with the G/G or G/T genotype of SNP276 than in those with the T/T genotype (p=0.026). As for SNP45, the extent of decrease in triglyceride levels was greater in the subjects with the T/T genotype than in those with the T/G genotype (p=0.003). For SNP-11377, the extent of decrease in systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose was greater in the subjects with the C/G or G/G genotype than in those with the C/C genotype (p=0.044). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that each SNP in the adiponectin gene might modify the change in obesity-related parameters during meal replacement with a low calorie diet.
Published: 2009
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16. A Study on Leak Detection of a Household Gas Supply System using Pressure Decay Method

Author: H. Furusawa, T. Kagawa, Chongho Youn, N. Nagai, and L.G. Harus
Subjects: Pipeline transport, Leak, Pressure decay, education, Gas supply, Environmental engineering, Environmental science, Mechanics, Leak detection, Human safety, Pressure response, Pressure sensor
Abstract: This paper reports a study on leak detection of a household gas supply system using pressure decay method. The leak is detected by monitoring the pressure decay of a pipe. Since pressure is influenced by temperature, a temperature change will influence the accuracy of leak detection using pressure decay method. This research focuses on the study of the effect of temperature change to the pressure responses of pipe. Experiments were done by recording the pressure responses of pipe and room/environment temperature at several points in various room temperatures, various leak rates and at 2 kPa of supply pressure. The pipe length and diameter were varied. The system was mathematically modeled. Its pressure and temperature responses were simulated. The simulations were done under three different conditions: a) Pressure responses of pipe subjected to pipe temperature change during charging, b) Pressure responses of pipe subjected to room temperature change and c) Pressure responses of pipe subjected to temperature fraction of gas within the pipe. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results and show that room temperature change has the highest effect on the pressure response of pipe.
Published: 2008

17. Very High Energy Observations of Gamma‐Ray Burst Locations with the Whipple Telescope

Author: M. Schroedter, P. Cogan, J. Grube, R. W. Atkins, Vladimir Vassiliev, Y. C. K. Chow, M. K. Daniel, Karen Byrum, Gernot Maier, P. Fortin, A. D. Falcone, David Kieda, S. P. Wakely, John Kildea, H. Krawczynski, I. de la Calle Perez, Stephan LeBohec, S. P. Swordy, Jeremy Perkins, H. J. Rose, R. A. Ong, J. H. Buckley, R. J. White, K. Ragan, S. J. Fegan, D. Steele, P. T. Reynolds, M. Kertzman, M. J. Lang, Lucy Fortson, S. B. Hughes, R. G. Wagner, G. H. Sembroski, Thomas Brian Humensky, J. Hall, Jamie Holder, S. M. Bradbury, D. J. Fegan, P. Moriarty, John L. Quinn, G. Blaylock, J. P. Finley, T. C. Weekes, K. J. Gutierrez, D. Horan, T. N. Nagai, D. Petry, G. H. Gillanders, Frank Krennrich, C. Dowdall, O. Celik, D. S. Hanna, D. A. Williams, G. E. Kenny, H. M. Badran, John Toner, Wei Cui, L. Valcarcel, and Mark N. Quinn
Subjects: Physics, gamma rays : bursts, gamma rays : observations, Astronomy & Astrophysics, High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Afterglow, law.invention, Telescope, compton emission, refreshed shocks, external matter, light-curve, afterglows, tev, models, flares, discovery, search, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, law, Spectral energy distribution, Blazar, Gamma-ray burst, Flare
Abstract: Gamma-ray burst (GRB) observations at very high energies (VHE, E > 100 GeV) can impose tight constraints on some GRB emission models. Many GRB afterglow models predict a VHE component similar to that seen in blazars and plerions, in which the GRB spectral energy distribution has a double-peaked shape extending into the VHE regime. VHE emission coincident with delayed X-ray flare emission has also been predicted. GRB follow-up observations have had high priority in the observing program at the Whipple 10m Gamma-ray Telescope and GRBs will continue to be high priority targets as the next generation observatory, VERITAS, comes on-line. Upper limits on the VHE emission, at late times (>~4 hours), from seven GRBs observed with the Whipple Telescope are reported here., Accepted for publication in the January 20, 2007 volume of the Astrophysical Journal, 655, 396
Published: 2007
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18. Deployment of the VERITAS observatory

Author: S. P. Swordy, R. A. Ong, J. H. Buckley, M Schroedter, H. Manseri, Gernot Maier, F. Pizlo, S. LeBohec, D Horana, J. Lloyd-Evans, S. P. Wakely, G. Walker, Mark N. Quinn, G. Blaylock, J. Knapp, J. Hall, I. H. Bond, K. Ragan, H. M. Badran, F. Krennrich, R. W. Atkins, Vladimir Vassiliev, David Kieda, M. J. Lang, Martin Pohl, K. Kosack, P T Reynolds, Sm Bradbury, John L. Quinn, R. G. Wagner, D. Petry, K. G. Gibbs, Jeremy Perkins, S. Gammell, P Rebillot, E. Hays, P. A. Ogden, A. Syson, Reshmi Mukherjee, G. H. Gillanders, Jamie Holder, C Duke, Da Carter-Lewis, P. Fortin, H. J. Rose, D. J. Fegan, Y. C. Chow, G H Sembroski, Lucy Fortson, B. Power-Mooney, P. Moriarty, T Ergin, Dowdall, J. Grube, T. N. Nagai, A. D. Falcone, M K Daniel, M. A. Olevitch, David A. Williams, John Kildea, J. P. Finley, Henric Krawczynski, T. C. Weekes, R. J. White, S. B. Hughes, M. Kertzmann, Thomas Brian Humensky, P. Cogan, P. J. Boyle, S. J. Fegan, D. Steele, Paul Dowkontt, D. S. Hanna, W CuP, Jeffrey Zweerink, O. Celik, A. Milovanovic, G. E. Kenny, I. de la Calle Perez, P. Kaaret, E. Linton, and L. Valcarcel
Subjects: Physics, History, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Radiation imaging, Astronomy, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Telescope, Observatory, Software deployment, law, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) being constructed in Southern Arizona consists of an array of four Atmospheric Cherenkov 12m Telescopes designed to observe astrophysical gamma rays in the energy range from 100 GeV to tens of TeV. A first telescope has been in operation on a temporary site since the end of 2004 and meets all specifications. The second is being installed on the same site, 85m from the first, in order to test stereoscopic capabilities. The full system of four telescopes is expected to be installed on the definitive site by the end of 2006.
Published: 2006
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19. A Survey of Unidentified EGRET Sources at Very High Energies

Author: J. McEnery, A. M. Hillas, O. Celik, J. H. Buckley, C. Duke, J. Grube, A. Syson, Dietrich Müller, David Kieda, J. Lloyd-Evans, A. Jarvis, J. Hall, K. Ragan, Reshmi Mukherjee, K. Kosack, P. Moriarty, F. Krennrich, V. V. Vassiliev, M. K. Daniel, G. H. Sembroski, J. Knapp, Wei Cui, B. Power-Mooney, D. J. Fegan, S. P. Swordy, Jamie Holder, I. de la Calle Perez, P. T. Reynolds, S. P. Wakely, G. Walker, S. J. Fegan, R. A. Ong, S. Le Bohec, G. E. Kenny, I. H. Bond, M. Schroedter, J. P. Finley, R. Pallassini, T. C. Weekes, Lucy Fortson, M. Jordan, M. Catanese, D. Petry, John Kildea, D. S. Hanna, P. Rebillot, P. J. Boyle, E. Linton, Henric Krawczynski, D. A. Carter-Lewis, H. M. Badran, M. D'Vali, Tony Hall, Mark N. Quinn, M. J. Lang, J. A. Gaidos, S. J. Nolan, A. Milovanovic, R. W. Lessard, Jeffrey Zweerink, H. J. Rose, S. M. Bradbury, Abraham D. Falcone, M. Kertzman, D. Horan, John L. Quinn, K. G. Gibbs, S. Gammell, T. N. Nagai, and G. H. Gillanders
Subjects: tev energies, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, sax j0635+0533, Flux, error box, Astrophysics, galactic plane, law.invention, Telescope, surveys, supernova-remnants, galaxies : jets, gamma rays : observations, gamma-ray sources, source 3eg j2227+6122, x-ray, ls i+61-degrees-303, galaxy clusters, Observatory, law, Egret, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, biology, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, biology.organism_classification, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract: The Whipple Observatory 10 m γ-ray telescope has been used to survey the error boxes of EGRET unidentified sources in an attempt to find counterparts at energies of 350 GeV and above. Twenty-one unidentified sources detected by EGRET (more than 10% of the total number) have been included in this survey. In no case is a statistically significant signal found in the EGRET error box, which implies that, at least for this sample, the γ-ray spectra of these sources steepen between 100 MeV and 350 GeV. For each EGRET source location, we list candidate associations and derive upper limits on the integral γ-ray flux above 350 GeV.
Published: 2005
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20. Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector

Author: J. Marteau, Z. Williamson, P. F. Loverre, M. Iida, T. Ishii, M. M. Khabibullin, H. Kaji, J. Blocki, Andrew Marone, S. Dytman, H. Kubo, J. M. Roney, T. Ishida, J. Bouchez, Thorsten Lux, J. Zmuda, Frédéric Dufour, M. Gonin, G. P. Ward, Y. Kouzuma, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, Akitaka Ariga, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, J. R. Wilson, C. Nielsen, M. Messina, I. T. Lim, Shigeki Aoki, S. Giffin, I. Z. Danko, Justin Albert, A. V. Waldron, P. A. Rodrigues, M. Besnier, J. Dobson, A. Minamino, N. Abgrall, Joshua Hignight, Yoshihiro Suzuki, K. Tashiro, Katsuyu Kasami, S. Tobayama, J. L. Stone, J. J. Walding, V. Galymov, K. Kowalik, J. Myslik, M. Malek, L. L. Kormos, S. Horikawa, Masashi Tanaka, Koji Nakamura, A. N. Khotjantsev, Y. Fujii, Suyong Choi, Alastair Grant, T. Golan, C. Hansen, Y. Totsuka, J. D. Perkin, M. Barbi, G. Mituka, V. Paolone, T. Maryon, K. Iyogi, Yutaka Yamanoi, M. M. Tanaka, W. Metcalf, W. Coleman, T. Wongjirad, F. Di Lodovico, André Rubbia, S. Takahashi, F. Bay, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, T. Nobuhara, C. A. Chavez, J. Kisiel, T. Kikawa, A. C. Weber, M. J. Wilking, E. D. Zimmerman, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, Robert Henderson, K. Zaremba, Atsushi Takeda, M. Siyad, V. Pettinacci, M. Miura, Barry L. Nelson, Yu. G. Kudenko, T. Ozaki, E. Mazzucato, N. Kimura, L. Monfregola, J. Dumarchez, J. P.A.M. De André, Robert Wilson, K. Suzuki, D. Naples, Y. Takeuchi, Shinya Yamada, A. Robert, J. Steinmann, S. Di Luise, M. Ravonel, K. Nitta, Norio Higashi, K. Gilje, G. F. Pearce, R. A. Johnson, C. Giganti, H. S. Budd, Oleg Mineev, Alexander Finch, N. Grant, A. Izmaylov, A. Curioni, M. Taguchi, C. K. Jung, J. L. Raaf, Michal Dziewiecki, G. Jover-Manas, M. Ziembicki, G. Collazuol, Sy Suzuki, M. Murdoch, Minoru Otani, E. L. Mathie, K. Nishikawa, A. Carver, P. Paul, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. A. Nowak, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, C. Ishihara, A. Dabrowska, Takahiro Okamura, J. Argyriades, D. Ruterbories, Mark Scott, Jan T. Sobczyk, P. de Perio, K. Laihem, A.K. Ghosh, J. Beucher, N. West, I. Kato, S. Yen, T. Yano, T. Dealtry, Michel Raymond, A. Missert, P. Guzowski, S. B. Boyd, M. Sorel, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, N. Nagai, J. Zalipska, J. Lagoda, M. Iwasaki, T. Hara, F. Pierre, R. A. Wendell, G. Christodoulou, T. Lindner, O. Drapier, M. Bass, A. Suzuki, B. Hartfiel, Masashi Yokoyama, Y. Obayashi, C. Densham, K. Sasaki, F. Moreau, M. A. Ward, Vincenzo Berardi, E. Poplawska, K. Ueno, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, P. T. Le, C. Bojechko, R. J. Smith, S. Manly, J. M. Levy, M. Zito, A. Konaka, S. Gomi, Yasuhiro Makida, M. Szeptycka, Leigh H. Whitehead, T. Kutter, A. K. Ichikawa, S. Roth, Federico Sanchez, K. Koseki, Tomoko Ariga, I. Kreslo, T. Sekiguchi, Kimihiro Okumura, A. Cazes, M. Ieva, N. Kulkarni, A. Hillairet, A. Cervera, K. Ieki, V. Palladino, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Kubota, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Uchida, J. Escallier, C. W. Walter, D. G. Brook-Roberge, H. Kakuno, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, R. Tacik, C. Hearty, A. Delbart, Tatsushi Nakamoto, M. A. George, K. Kaneyuki, Gavin Davies, J. Ilic, L. Ludovici, B. E. Berger, G. Vasseur, S. Murphy, D. Karlen, K. Hamano, T. Tsukamoto, Toru Ogitsu, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, P. Kitching, G. Ganetis, Michael Anerella, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, Scott Davis, D. Hansen, M. O. Wascko, R. P. Litchfield, E. Kearns, Masato Shiozawa, L. Zambelli, R. J. Wilkes, B. A. Popov, David Calvet, Hiroyuki Kawamuko, S. Koike, F. Retiere, C. Licciardi, S. J. Ives, S. Assylbekov, A. Haesler, C. A. Miller, Takayuki Tomaru, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, I. Taylor, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, B. Still, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, B. Kirby, C. Strabel, Kendall Mahn, Kate Scholberg, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, M. Hartz, A. Ferrero, W. Toki, S. Nakayama, P. Mijakowski, A. Sarrat, S. Short, N. C. Hastings, U. Dore, A. Thorley, Henry W. Sobel, T. M. Raufer, M. D. Haigh, A. Gendotti, A. Korzenev, Joseph Muratore, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Yoshinari Hayato, C. Yanagisawa, Gareth J. Barker, Y. Shimizu, Dmitriy Beznosko, J. P. Coleman, Rhiju Das, B. Jamieson, Y. Kurimoto, Michael Litos, P. Gumplinger, C. Touramanis, Antonio Ereditato, N. Yershov, R. L. Helmer, Kevin Scott McFarland, Takashi Kobayashi, D. I. Scully, E. Radicioni, T. Maruyama, Marek Stodulski, T. Nakadaira, A. Yamamoto, F. Khanam, G.D. Barr, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, K. P. Lee, A. Muir, Kodai Matsuoka, R. Terri, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, A. D. Marino, A. Blondel, S. Sabouri, M. Fechner, Fred Gannaway, J. Marzec, N. J. Buchanan, A. Bravar, O. Araoka, Y. Yamada, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, Hirokatsu Ohhata, S. L. Cartwright, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, K. Connolly, T. Yamauchi, S. W. K. Emery, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, D. Terhorst, K. Abe, R. Sacco, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, C. Andreopoulos, M. L. Navin, H.A. Tanaka, Achim Stahl, N. Tanimoto, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, T. C. Nicholls, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, P. Stamoulis, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, M. B. Smy, A. Zalewska, G. Kogan, J. Swierblewski, M. Shibata, G. De Rosa, H. Nishino, A. Hyndman, R. A. Owen, A. Badertscher, S. M. Oser, M. Macaire, Y. Seiya, J. Schwehr, Y. Takenaga, M. Goldhaber, T. Yuan, K. Mizouchi, Viktor Matveev, Paul Fraser Harrison, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, S. Y. Suzuki, M. Ikeda, Ken Sakashita, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, R. Poutissou, P. Masliah, B. Morgan, A. Hatzikoutelis, J. Y. Kim, R. Sulej, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, Yusuke Koshio, M. Mezzetto, A. Murakami, T. Nakai, Jing Wang, E. Rondio, P. Dinh Tran, N. McCauley, J. Kameda, P. Przewlocki, Lester D.R. Thompson, K. Hayashi, M. Vagins, B. Andrieu, J. Holeczek, M. Dziomba, Eiichi Hirose, M. Posiadala, M. G. Catanesi, V. Kravtsov, M. Day, A. Longhin, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Wikstrom, Gustav, K., Abe, N., Abgrall, Y., Ajima, H., Aihara, J. B., Albert, C., Andreopoulo, B., Andrieu, M. D., Anerella, S., Aoki, O., Araoka, J., Argyriade, A., Ariga, T., Ariga, S., Assylbekov, D., Autiero, A., Badertscher, M., Barbi, G. J., Barker, G., Barr, M., Ba, M., Batkiewicz, F., Bay, S., Bentham, V., Berardi, B. E., Berger, I., Bertram, M., Besnier, J., Beucher, D., Beznosko, S., Bhadra, F. d. M., Blaszczyk, J., Blocki, A., Blondel, C., Bojechko, J., Bouchez, S. B., Boyd, A., Bravar, C., Bronner, D. G., Brook Roberge, N., Buchanan, H., Budd, D., Calvet, S. L., Cartwright, A., Carver, R., Castillo, M. G., Catanesi, A., Caze, A., Cervera, C., Chavez, S., Choi, G., Christodoulou, J., Coleman, G., Collazuol, W., Coleman, K., Connolly, A., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, I., Danko, R., Da, G. S., Davie, S., Davi, M., Day, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, J. P. A. M., de André, P., de Perio, T., Dealtry, A., Delbart, C., Densham, F., Di Lodovico, S., Di Luise, P., Dinh Tran, J., Dobson, U., Dore, O., Drapier, F., Dufour, J., Dumarchez, S., Dytman, M., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, S., Emery, A., Ereditato, J. E., Escallier, L., Escudero, L. S., Esposito, M., Fechner, A., Ferrero, A. J., Finch, E., Frank, Y., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, V., Galymov, G. L., Ganeti, F. C., Gannaway, A., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, M., George, S., Giffin, C., Giganti, K., Gilje, A. K., Ghosh, T., Golan, M., Goldhaber, J. J., Gomez Cadena, S., Gomi, M., Gonin, N., Grant, A., Grant, P., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, A., Haesler, M. D., Haigh, K., Hamano, C., Hansen, D., Hansen, T., Hara, P. F., Harrison, B., Hartfiel, M., Hartz, T., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, N. C., Hasting, A., Hatzikouteli, K., Hayashi, Y., Hayato, C., Hearty, R. L., Helmer, R., Henderson, N., Higashi, J., Hignight, A., Hillairet, E., Hirose, J., Holeczek, S., Horikawa, A., Hyndman, A. K., Ichikawa, K., Ieki, M., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, J., Ilic, J., Imber, T., Ishida, C., Ishihara, T., Ishii, S. J., Ive, M., Iwasaki, K., Iyogi, A., Izmaylov, B., Jamieson, R. A., Johnson, K. K., Joo, G. V., Jover Mana, C. K., Jung, H., Kaji, T., Kajita, H., Kakuno, J., Kameda, K., Kaneyuki, D., Karlen, K., Kasami, I., Kato, H., Kawamuko, E., Kearn, M., Khabibullin, F., Khanam, A., Khotjantsev, D., Kielczewska, T., Kikawa, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, N., Kimura, B., Kirby, J., Kisiel, P., Kitching, T., Kobayashi, G., Kogan, S., Koike, A., Konaka, L. L., Kormo, A., Korzenev, K., Koseki, Y., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, K., Kowalik, V., Kravtsov, I., Kreslo, W., Kropp, H., Kubo, J., Kubota, Y., Kudenko, N., Kulkarni, Y., Kurimoto, R., Kurjata, T., Kutter, J., Lagoda, K., Laihem, M., Laveder, K. P., Lee, P. T., Le, J. M., Levy, C., Licciardi, I. T., Lim, T., Lindner, R. P., Litchfield, M., Lito, A., Longhin, G. D., Lopez, P. F., Loverre, L., Ludovici, T., Lux, M., Macaire, K., Mahn, Y., Makida, M., Malek, S., Manly, A., Marchionni, A. D., Marino, A. J., Marone, J., Marteau, J. F., Martin, T., Maruyama, T., Maryon, J., Marzec, P., Masliah, E. L., Mathie, C., Matsumura, K., Matsuoka, V., Matveev, K., Mavrokoridi, E., Mazzucato, N., Mccauley, K. S., Mcfarland, C., Mcgrew, T., Mclachlan, M., Messina, W., Metcalf, C., Metelko, M., Mezzetto, P., Mijakowski, C. A., Miller, A., Minamino, O., Mineev, S., Mine, A. D., Missert, G., Mituka, M., Miura, K., Mizouchi, L., Monfregola, F., Moreau, B., Morgan, S., Moriyama, A., Muir, A., Murakami, J. F., Muratore, M., Murdoch, S., Murphy, J., Myslik, N., Nagai, T., Nakadaira, M., Nakahata, T., Nakai, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamoto, K., Nakamura, S., Nakayama, T., Nakaya, D., Naple, M. L., Navin, B., Nelson, T. C., Nicholl, C., Nielsen, K., Nishikawa, H., Nishino, K., Nitta, T., Nobuhara, J. A., Nowak, Y., Obayashi, T., Ogitsu, H., Ohhata, T., Okamura, K., Okumura, T., Okusawa, S. M., Oser, M., Otani, R. A., Owen, Y., Oyama, T., Ozaki, M. Y., Pac, Palladino, Vittorio, V., Paolone, P., Paul, D., Payne, G. F., Pearce, J. D., Perkin, V., Pettinacci, F., Pierre, E., Poplawska, B., Popov, M., Posiadala, J. M., Poutissou, R., Poutissou, P., Przewlocki, W., Qian, J. L., Raaf, E., Radicioni, P. N., Ratoff, T. M., Raufer, M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, F., Retiere, A., Robert, P. A., Rodrigue, E., Rondio, J. M., Roney, B., Rossi, S., Roth, A., Rubbia, D., Ruterborie, S., Sabouri, R., Sacco, K., Sakashita, F., Sánchez, A., Sarrat, K., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, J., Schwehr, M., Scott, D. I., Scully, Y., Seiya, T., Sekiguchi, H., Sekiya, M., Shibata, Y., Shimizu, M., Shiozawa, S., Short, M., Siyad, R. J., Smith, M., Smy, J. T., Sobczyk, H., Sobel, M., Sorel, A., Stahl, P., Stamouli, J., Steinmann, B., Still, J., Stone, M., Stodulski, C., Strabel, R., Sulej, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, J., Swierblewski, T., Szeglowski, M., Szeptycka, R., Tacik, M., Tada, M., Taguchi, S., Takahashi, A., Takeda, Y., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanaka, N., Tanimoto, K., Tashiro, I., Taylor, A., Terashima, D., Terhorst, R., Terri, L. F., Thompson, A., Thorley, W., Toki, S., Tobayama, T., Tomaru, Y., Totsuka, C., Touramani, T., Tsukamoto, M., Tzanov, Y., Uchida, K., Ueno, A., Vacheret, M., Vagin, G., Vasseur, T., Wachala, J. J., Walding, A. V., Waldron, C. W., Walter, P. J., Wanderer, J., Wang, M. A., Ward, G. P., Ward, D., Wark, M. O., Wascko, A., Weber, R., Wendell, N., West, L. H., Whitehead, G., Wikström, R. J., Wilke, M. J., Wilking, Z., Williamson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wilson, T., Wongjirad, S., Yamada, Y., Yamada, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yamanoi, H., Yamaoka, T., Yamauchi, C., Yanagisawa, T., Yano, S., Yen, N., Yershov, M., Yokoyama, T., Yuan, A., Zalewska, J., Zalipska, L., Zambelli, K., Zaremba, M., Ziembicki, E. D., Zimmerman, M., Zito, and J., Zmuda
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, on-axis near detector, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, neutrino oscillation, neutrino detector, wavelength shifting fiber, t2k, extruded scintillator, neutrino beam, Neutrino detector, Nuclear physics, Neutrino beam, 0103 physical sciences, Extruded scintillator, Muon neutrino, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, T2K, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Wavelength shifting fiber, T2K experiment, Física, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Wavelength shiftingfiber, Measurements of neutrino speed, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Beam (structure), Lepton
Abstract: Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision., Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
Published: 2012
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21. VERITAS: the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System

Author: M. K. Daniel, S. P. Wakely, G. Walker, John Kildea, J. H. Buckley, David Kieda, Mark N. Quinn, A. Jarvis, S. M. Bradbury, S. P. Swordy, A. Milovanovic, Wei Cui, A. Syson, D. Horan, F. Krennrich, M. Schroedter, V. V. Vassiliev, Abraham D. Falcone, G. E. Kenny, H. J. Rose, R. Pallassini, Lucy Fortson, P. J. Boyle, E. Linton, D. S. Hanna, J. A. Gaidos, M. D'Vali, P. Moriarty, S. J. Nolan, M. Jordan, Jeffrey Zweerink, J. Hall, K. Ragan, Tony Hall, J. Knapp, K. Kosack, D. A. Carter-Lewis, D. Petry, J. Lloyd-Evans, Dietrich Müller, G. H. Gillanders, B. Power-Mooney, G. H. Sembroski, Jamie Holder, S. LeBohec, I. de la Calle Perez, I. H. Bond, M. J. Lang, S. J. Fegan, Henric Krawczynski, M. Kertzman, T. N. Nagai, J. Grube, P. Rebillot, P. T. Reynolds, J. P. Finley, C. Duke, T. C. Weekes, D. J. Fegan, John L. Quinn, K. G. Gibbs, R. A. Ong, S. Gammell, A. M. Hillas, and O. Celik
Subjects: Physics, tev energies, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics, First light, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, Telescope, Primary mirror, Space and Planetary Science, law, Observatory, gamma-ray astronomy, atmospheric cherenkov detectors, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Very Energetic, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) is the major next generation imaging atmospheric Cherenkov γ-ray telescope in the western hemisphere and will be located in southern Arizona nearby Kitt Peak National Observatory. The VERITAS observatory will provide unprecedented sensitivity to photon energies between 50 GeV and 50 TeV. The first stage is an array of four telescopes to be fully operational in early 2006, with an expansion to seven telescopes envisioned for 2008. The construction of a prototype telescope is underway, for which first light is expected in Fall 2003. The technical concept is outlined and a progress report is given.
Published: 2004
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22. Existence of optimum space between electrodes on hydrogen production by water electrolysis

Author: N. Nagai, T. Oka, Teruo Kimura, and M. Takeuchi
Subjects: Electrolysis, Hydrogen, Electrolysis of water, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Inorganic chemistry, High-pressure electrolysis, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Fuel Technology, Chemical engineering, chemistry, law, Hydrogen fuel, Porosity, Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis, Hydrogen production
Abstract: The effect of bubbles between electrodes on efficiency of hydrogen production by water electrolysis was experimentally investigated. The water electrolysis of 10 wt % potassium hydroxide aqueous solution was conducted under atmospheric pressure using Ni–Cr–Fe alloy as electrodes. In order to examine void fraction between electrodes, the following parameters were controlled: current density, with or without separator, system temperature, space, height, inclination angle and surface wettability of electrodes. The efficiency of water electrolysis was qualitatively evaluated by the voltage drop value at a certain current density. The experimental results showed that increase of void fraction between electrodes by decreasing the electrode space brought about decrease of the electrolysis efficiency; i.e. there is an optimum condition of water electrolysis at a certain current density. In addition, a physical model of void fraction between electrodes was presented, which was found to represent a part of the qualitative tendency of experimental results.
Published: 2003
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23. The TeV Spectrum of H1426+428

Author: Vladimir Vassiliev, Dietrich Müller, Jamie Holder, S. M. Bradbury, Frank Krennrich, M. Kertzman, S. J. Fegan, A. M. Hillas, T. N. Nagai, John Kildea, D. J. Fegan, D. Horan, Wei Cui, M. Schroedter, J. Hall, S. Gammell, J. P. Finley, K. Kosack, J. Knapp, C. Duke, D. A. Carter-Lewis, T. C. Weekes, S. P. Swordy, R. A. Ong, Morgan T. Page, R. Sidwell, P. Moriarty, I. H. Bond, S. P. Wakely, S. LeBohec, N. Stanton, B. Power-Mooney, G. Walker, I. de la Calle Perez, D. Petry, Tony Hall, J. H. Buckley, J. A. Gaidos, David Kieda, G. H. Sembroski, R. Pallassini, M. Jordan, Abraham D. Falcone, H. J. Rose, N. W. Reay, John L. Quinn, K. G. Gibbs, and P. T. Reynolds
Subjects: Normalization (statistics), Physics, ray, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Spectrum (functional analysis), Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), Power law, objects, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, bl lacertae objects : individual (h1426+428), gamma rays : observations, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Blazar, BL Lac object
Abstract: The BL Lac object H1426+428 was recently detected as a high energy gamma-ray source by the VERITAS collaboration (Horan et al. 2002). We have reanalyzed the 2001 portion of the data used in the detection in order to examine the spectrum of H1426+428 above 250 GeV. We find that the time-averaged spectrum agrees with a power law of the shape dF/dE = 10^(-7.31 +- 0.15(stat) +- 0.16(syst)) x E^(-3.50 +- 0.35(stat) +- 0.05(syst)) m^(-2)s^(-1)TeV^(-1) The statistical evidence from our data for emission above 2.5 TeV is 2.6 sigma. With 95% c.l., the integral flux of H1426+428 above 2.5 TeV is larger than 3% of the corresponding flux from the Crab Nebula. The spectrum is consistent with the (non-contemporaneous) measurement by Aharonian et al. (2002) both in shape and in normalization. Below 800 GeV, the data clearly favours a spectrum steeper than that of any other TeV Blazar observed so far indicating a difference in the processes involved either at the source or in the intervening space., Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2002
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24. Association of green tea consumption with mortality due to all causes and major causes of death in a Japanese population: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study)

Author: Eiko Saito, Manami Inoue, Norie Sawada, Taichi Shimazu, Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Shizuka Sasazuki, Mitsuhiko Noda, Hiroyasu Iso, Shoichiro Tsugane, S. Tsugane, N. Sawada, M. Iwasaki, S. Sasazuki, T. Yamaji, T. Shimazu, T. Hanaoka, J. Ogata, S. Baba, T. Mannami, A. Okayama, Y. Kokubo, K. Miyakawa, F. Saito, A. Koizumi, Y. Sano, I. Hashimoto, T. Ikuta, Y. Tanaba, H. Sato, Y. Roppongi, T. Takashima, Y. Miyajima, N. Suzuki, S. Nagasawa, Y. Furusugi, N. Nagai, Y. Ito, S. Komatsu, T. Minamizono, H. Sanada, Y. Hatayama, F. Kobayashi, H. Uchino, Y. Shirai, T. Kondo, R. Sasaki, Y. Watanabe, Y. Miyagawa, Y. Kobayashi, M. Machida, K. Kobayashi, M. Tsukada, Y. Kishimoto, E. Takara, T. Fukuyama, M. Kinjo, M. Irei, H. Sakiyama, K. Imoto, H. Yazawa, T. Seo, A. Seiko, F. Ito, F. Shoji, R. Saito, A. Murata, K. Minato, K. Motegi, T. Fujieda, S. Yamato, K. Matsui, T. Abe, M. Katagiri, M. Suzuki, M. Doi, A. Terao, Y. Ishikawa, T. Tagami, H. Sueta, H. Doi, M. Urata, N. Okamoto, F. Ide, H. Goto, N. Onga, H. Takaesu, M. Uehara, T. Nakasone, M. Yamakawa, F. Horii, I. Asano, H. Yamaguchi, K. Aoki, S. Maruyama, M. Ichii, M. Takano, Y. Tsubono, K. Suzuki, Y. Honda, K. Yamagishi, S. Sakurai, N. Tsuchiya, M. Kabuto, M. Yamaguchi, Y. Matsumura, S. Sasaki, S. Watanabe, M. Akabane, T. Kadowaki, M. Inoue, M. Noda, T. Mizoue, Y. Kawaguchi, Y. Takashima, Y. Yoshida, K. Nakamura, R. Takachi, J. Ishihara, S. Matsushima, S. Natsukawa, H. Shimizu, H. Sugimura, S. Tominaga, N. Hamajima, H. Iso, T. Sobue, M. Iida, W. Ajiki, A. Ioka, S. Sato, E. Maruyama, M. Konishi, K. Okada, I. Saito, N. Yasuda, S. Kono, and S. Akiba
Subjects: Gerontology, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Population, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Poison control, Sex Factors, Asian People, Japan, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Cause of Death, Injury prevention, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Mortality, education, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, education.field_of_study, Tea, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Public health, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, business, Cohort study
Abstract: We examined the association between green tea consumption and mortality due to all causes, cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, injuries, and other causes of death in a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan.We studied 90,914 Japanese (aged between 40 and 69 years) recruited between 1990 and 1994. After 18.7 years of follow-up, 12,874 deaths were reported. The association between green tea consumption and risk of all causes and major causes of mortality was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model with adjustment for potential confounders.Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality among men who consumed green tea compared with those who drank less than 1 cup/day were 0.96 (0.89-1.03) for 1-2 cups/day, 0.88 (0.82-0.95) for 3-4 cups/day, and 0.87 (0.81-0.94) for more than 5 cups/day (P for trend.001). Corresponding hazard ratios for women were 0.90 (0.81-1.00), 0.87 (0.79-0.96), and 0.83 (0.75-0.91; P for trend.001). Green tea was inversely associated with mortality from heart disease in both men and women and mortality from cerebrovascular disease and respiratory disease in men. No association was found between green tea and total cancer mortality.This prospective study suggests that the consumption of green tea may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality and the three leading causes of death in Japan.
Published: 2014

25. Site Dependence of Bone Formation Induced by rhBMP-2: Comparing Rat Parietal Bone and Heterotopic Back Region

Author: Racquel Z. LeGeros, Toshiro Sakae, Hitoshi Nagatsuka, and N. Nagai
Subjects: medicine.anatomical_structure, Mechanics of Materials, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, medicine, General Materials Science, Bone formation, Anatomy, Parietal bone
Published: 2000
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26. Fluoride Profiles in Dental Plaque in vivo Formed on Fluoride Pre–Treated Human Enamel

Author: Kazuo Kato, Atsushi Toyama, Colin Robinson, N. Nagai, Jennifer Kirkham, Koji Arai, Tran Thi Thuy, Haruo Nakagaki, Nguyen Thanh Ha, and Toshihide Noguchi
Subjects: Dental Plaque, Dentistry, Dental plaque, Phosphates, Fluorides, chemistry.chemical_compound, stomatognathic system, In vivo, medicine, Humans, Dental Enamel, General Dentistry, Enamel paint, Chemistry, business.industry, Radiochemistry, Biofilm, medicine.disease, Cariostatic Agents, stomatognathic diseases, Tooth Remineralization, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Calcium, business, Previously treated, Fluoride
Abstract: Using a novel device capable of generating plaque in vivo on a natural enamel substrate, it has been possible to determine fluoride profiles from the saliva–plaque interface towards the enamel surface. Fluoride profiles in dental plaques tended to fall from the saliva–plaque interface towards the enamel. The device also offered the possibility of examining fluoride distributions after pre–treatment of the enamel with fluoride in vitro. Fluoride profiles were determined in plaque generated in vivo on enamel surfaces, which had been previously treated with a 900–ppm fluoride solution. The results showed the previously reported fall from the plaque surface, but in addition, a further rise towards the enamel surface was seen. The data imply that enamel loaded with fluoride can release some of this fluoride back into the plaque and may act as a fluoride reservoir.
Published: 2000
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27. Bone augmentation by recombinant human BMP-2 and collagen on adult rat parietal bone

Author: Toshiyuki Shibata, Makoto Arisue, Masaru Murata, Sawako Imai, Bing-Zhen Huang, and N. Nagai
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2, Bone healing, Bone morphogenetic protein, Bone morphogenetic protein 2, Parietal Bone, Implants, Experimental, Osteogenesis, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Periosteum, Absorbable Implants, Bone cell, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Rats, Wistar, Drug Carriers, business.industry, Osteoid, Ossification, Anatomy, Recombinant Proteins, Rats, Collagen, type I, alpha 1, Otorhinolaryngology, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Intramembranous ossification, Surgery, Collagen, Oral Surgery, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: A composite of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and collagen was implanted beneath the cranial periosteum of 10-month-old rats to observe bone development and absorbent change of carrier collagen. The rhBMP-2/collagen onlay implant resulted in active bone formation and the augmented bone was connected directly with the original bone, whereas the collagen alone resulted in neither bone nor cartilage. The ossification process in the rhBMP-2/collagen occurred directly through bone formation, similar to intramembranous ossification. The carrier collagen fibers were found in the woven bone and were completely absorbed at 8 weeks in the presence of rhBMP-2, while the collagen alone implant remained encapsulated by a thin, fibrous connective tissue. Our results indicate that rhBMP-2/collagen is an effective material as a biological onlay implant, showing osteoinductive properties and being completely replaced by new bone. Carrier collagen not only plays a role in rhBMP-2 delivery, but also provides a cell anchorage for cell differentiation and remains as an artificial matrix in woven bone.
Published: 1999
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28. Analysis of resonant tunneling using the equivalent transmission-line model

Author: M. Suzuki, N. Nagai, and H. Sanada
Subjects: Physics, Condensed matter physics, Wave propagation, Quantum Hall effect, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Schrödinger equation, Computational physics, symbols.namesake, Matrix (mathematics), Transmission line, symbols, Rectangular potential barrier, Equivalent circuit, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Quantum tunnelling
Abstract: Presents a simple general and exact method for solving resonant tunneling problems in multilayered heterostructures. This method is based on the analogy of wave propagation between the transmission line and the potential structure. By using the proposed method, it is shown that electron wave propagation can be treated as wave propagation on an equivalent circuit and that various problems can be systematically solved by using well-developed circuit functions and circuit matrixes. In particular, our equivalent circuit can be effectively used for analysis of resonant interband tunneling (RIT) structures and resonant tunneling structures including /spl Gamma/-X mixing by using the interface matrix. Various properties of the resonant tunneling structure and a guideline for designing new quantum effect devices can be easily obtained. In order to show the validity and usefulness of this method, some numerical examples of InAs-GaSb and GaAs-AlAs potential barrier structures are presented.
Published: 1997
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29. Contents, Vol. 27, 1997

Author: D.-H. Ku, Shirou Fukuhara, Y. Katoh-Oishi, M. Kamiyama, B. Sampson, T. Yoshimi, Gui Lan Xie, J. Woody, H. Alder, Akikazu Takada, F. Peyron, S. J. H. Van Deventer, G. N. J. Tytgat, M.M. Levi, Tomohiko Taminato, N. Nagai, M. Dugal, V.W. Ing, A. Marchand, A. van der Ende, A. Rydzewski, D.R. Anderson, Yumiko Takada, Tetsumei Urano, F. Delolme, E. Zayed, R. Pajaro, Benoît Polack, Y.S. Arkel, H. M. Van Dullemen, Daan W. Hommes, and Shosaku Nomura
Subjects: Physiology (medical), Hematology
Published: 1997
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30. Decomposition Kinetics of Cisplatin in Human Biological Fluids

Author: H Ogata, N Nagai, R Okuda, and M Kinoshita
Subjects: Metabolite, Kinetics, Pharmaceutical Science, Antineoplastic Agents, Buffers, In Vitro Techniques, Models, Biological, Chloride, Medicinal chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Reaction rate constant, Chlorides, Nucleophile, medicine, Humans, Biotransformation, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Platinum, Pharmacology, Cisplatin, Chromatography, Ligand, Spectrophotometry, Atomic, Temperature, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Glutathione, Decomposition, chemistry, medicine.drug
Abstract: Cisplatin is metabolized to high- and low-molecular mass complexes by exchanging of one or both chloride ligands with nucleophilic species. The decomposition of cisplatin and the formation of its metabolites in human biological fluids was investigated in-vitro. In nucleophile-free medium, cisplatin was decomposed by a reversible chloride ligand exchange reaction, which was dependent upon both chloride ion concentration and medium pH. The effect of pH was observed in the second-order rate constant for cisplatin re-formation, which was far smaller in neutral and alkaline media than in acidic media. In the medium containing nucleophilic species (glutathione, human albumin and globulin), cisplatin was irreversibly decomposed according to apparent first-order kinetics. The linear relationship between apparent decomposition rate constant and concentration of nucleophilic species suggested that nucleophilic species in biological fluids might react with cisplatin directly. Both high- and low-molecular mass metabolites were formed in human plasma and ascites; however, only a low-molecular mass metabolite was produced in urine. The faster decomposition of cisplatin and the greater ratio of fixed and mobile metabolites formed in plasma were mainly attributed to higher albumin concentration in plasma than in ascites and urine. The in-vitro decomposition of unchanged cisplatin and formation of high- and low-molecular mass metabolites in human biological fluids were simultaneously evaluated according to the kinetic model which combined both pathways via hydrolysis and by the direct reaction process with nucleophilic species.
Published: 1996
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31. Vapor condensation behind a shock wave propagating through a large molecular-mass medium

Author: N. Nagai, T. Watanabe, and Y. Kobayashi
Subjects: Shock wave, Materials science, Shock (fluid dynamics), Mechanical Engineering, Condensation, General Physics and Astronomy, Thermodynamics, Mechanics, Moving shock, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Heat transfer, Compressibility, Oblique shock, Shock tube
Abstract: Measurements of film condensation were made behind the incident shock wave propagating through a vapor-liquid two-phase medium. Major objective of the study is to identify condensing heat transfer rates of the vapor to the shock-tube side wall as well as to learn the condensing main flow field. Ethanol and E-10 (a heavy liquid named Afluid by the manufacturer) were extensively used as working fluid. Steady accumulation of the condensing vapor was confirmed on the wall surface, as similarly seen in the end-wall experiment conducted elsewhere. A most significant result is that “dual-step” shock pressurization was observed in E-10. The first pressure rise is a normal one created by an incident shock front, whereas the second pressure rise is taken place by some large disturbance in the main flow. The reason for this is not certain yet, but is speculated to be a long relaxation time or inefficient compressibility of the fluid. The visualized shock front and its vicinity of E-10 is completely different from those of normal gases.
Published: 1996
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32. Fabrication of submicron Nb/AlO/sub x/-Al/Nb tunnel junctions using focused ion beam implanted Nb patterning (FINP) technique

Author: Hiroyuki Akaike, Hisao Hayakawa, T. Watanabe, N. Nagai, and Akira Fujimaki
Subjects: Josephson effect, Auxiliary electrode, Materials science, Fabrication, Vertical edge, Niobium, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Condensed Matter Physics, Focused ion beam, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Ion implantation, chemistry, Aluminium, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract: We have successfully fabricated 0.2 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ Nb/AlO/sub x//Nb tunnel junctions using the focused-ion-beam implanted Nb patterning (FINP) technique for junction definition. The success was due to improvement of the edge profile of the counter electrode. The vertical edge profile was realized with the large etching selectivity of Ga implanted Nb over unimplanted Nb by controlling the reactive neutrals in the plasma. The critical current I/sub c/ and the quality parameter V/sub m/ of 0.2 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ junctions were 10.5 /spl mu/A and 11 mV, respectively. The R/sub sg//R/sub n/ was 12. The maximum to minimum spread in I/sub c/ of 60 series junctions with areas of 0.5 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ was /spl plusmn/10%. >
Published: 1995
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33. Simultaneous estimation of echo path and channel responses using full-duplex transmitted training data sequences

Author: N. Miki, M. Suzuki, N. Nagai, and Xixian Chen
Subjects: Offset (computer science), Mean squared error, Speech recognition, Initialization, Library and Information Sciences, Impulse (physics), Computer Science Applications, Intersymbol interference, Symbol rate, Algorithm, Information Systems, Communication channel, Data transmission, Mathematics
Abstract: To reduce the system initialization time in high-speed full-duplex data transmission over two-wire lines, we propose an efficient full-duplex fast training algorithm which can simultaneously estimate the impulse responses of echo paths and channels at both ends. Two mutually orthogonal periodic sequences are designed and used to co-estimate the near echo, the far echo with bulk delay, and the channel response. The new algorithm can reduce the tap-setting time to half of that required by the traditional half-duplex fast training schemes. The effects of channel noise and symbol rate offset between two ends are examined in terms of both mean-square error (MSE) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Both the theoretical analysis and computer simulation show that there are three degrading factors due to symbol rate offset. The SNR is inversely proportional to the sum of the estimated coefficients, the half period of the training sequences, and the square of symbol rate offset. If the far-signal-to-channel-noise ratio is 30 dB, then the degradation is significant when the symbol rate offset is more than 10/sup -4/. If it is 40 dB, then the degradation is significant when the symbol rate offset is above 3/spl times/10/sup -5/. >
Published: 1995
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34. Advances in fine magnetic particles for high density recording

Author: N. Nagai, M. Maekawa, K. Okinaka, Y. Ohta, and N. Sugita
Subjects: Acicular, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Coercivity, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Magnetization, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Ferromagnetism, Ferrite (magnet), Magnetic nanoparticles, Particle size, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Barium ferrite
Abstract: Fine platelet particles of barium ferrite were prepared by the hydrothermal precipitation technique. The magnetic properties such as magnetization, coercivity and temperature variation of the coercivity can be controlled by the selection of the substitution elements. Non-stoichiometric Co/sup 2+/-Ti/sup 4+/ substitution yields the formation of the fine particles, and further the replacement of Co/sup 2+/ by Ni/sup 2+/ reduces the temperature variation degree of the coercivity. These fine particles are thought to be good candidates for high density recording. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the preparation procedure of fine /spl alpha/-Fe acicular particles.
Published: 1995
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35. FT-IR Study of the Molecular Orientation of Rubbed Polyimide Alignment Films

Author: T. Matsunobe, N. Nagai, R. Kamoto, Y. Nakagawa, and H. Ishida
Subjects: Polymers and Plastics, Organic Chemistry, Materials Chemistry
Published: 1995
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36. Search for extraterrestrial antineutrino sources with the KamLAND detector

Author: D. A. Dwyer, M. Sakai, H. M. Steiner, Hitoshi Murayama, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. P. Decowski, N. Nagai, Y. Kibe, Hidetomo Yoshida, R. W. Kadel, Yuri Efremenko, J. A. Detwiler, J. G. Learned, J. Maricic, B. D. Xu, T. I. Banks, A. Piepke, A. Gando, K. M. Heeger, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, H. Ikeda, B. E. Berger, Sanshiro Enomoto, Hideki Watanabe, Yuri Kamyshkov, K. Nakajima, M. Batygov, F. Suekane, S. Matsuno, M. Koga, Y. Gando, Ke Han, Stuart J. Freedman, J. Shirai, T. O'Donnell, T. Miletic, I. Shimizu, O. Perevozchikov, C. E. Lane, T. Morikawa, N. Takahashi, Giorgio Gratta, G. Keefer, A. Suzuki, K. Narita, Y. Minekawa, K. Tamae, Y. Takemoto, R. D. McKeown, Kunio Inoue, H. Takahashi, Yasuhiro Shimizu, B. K. Fujikawa, H. Yabumoto, Chao Zhang, A. Kozlov, D. M. Markoff, T. Mitsui, C. Grant, T. Bloxham, S. Yoshida, Koichi Ichimura, Hugon J Karwowski, K. Nakamura, Werner Tornow, K. E. Downum, and Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Particle physics, Annihilation, Neutral current, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Supernova, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Space and Planetary Science, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Light dark matter, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the results of a search for extraterrestrial electron antineutrinos ($\bar{\nu}_{e}$'s) in the energy range $8.3 MeV < E_{\bar{\nu}_{e}} < 31.8 MeV$ using the KamLAND detector. In an exposure of 4.53 kton-year, we identify 25 candidate events. All of the candidate events can be attributed to background, most importantly neutral current atmospheric neutrino interactions, setting an upper limit on the probability of $^{8}$B solar $\nu_{e}$'s converting into $\bar{\nu}_{e}$'s at $5.3 \times 10^{-5}$ (90% C.L.), if we assume an undistorted $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ shape. This limit corresponds to a solar $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ flux of $93 cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ or an event rate of $1.6 events (kton-year)^{-1}$ above the energy threshold $(E_{\bar{\nu}_{e}} > 8.3 MeV)$. The present data also allows us to set more stringent limits on the diffuse supernova neutrino flux and on the annihilation rates for light dark matter particles., Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2012

37. First Muon-Neutrino Disappearance Study with an Off-Axis Beam

Author: M. Sorel, F. Pierre, R. A. Wendell, Vincenzo Berardi, T. Nakai, P. T. Le, Jing Wang, Tomoko Ariga, E. Rondio, Akitaka Ariga, Oleg Mineev, P. Dinh Tran, M. L. Navin, W. Toki, J. Caravaca Rodríguez, H.A. Tanaka, Shigeki Aoki, S. Nakayama, S. M. Oser, G. Vasseur, A. Sarrat, S. Short, N. C. Hastings, S. Giffin, N. McCauley, Y. Seiya, T. Maruyama, M. Ravonel, Achim Stahl, A. Robert, J. M. Levy, P. Gumplinger, S. Tobayama, M. Ziembicki, T. Nakadaira, J. Schwehr, A. Izmaylov, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, S. Murphy, Hiroyuki Kawamuko, J. Zalipska, F. Retiere, Michel Raymond, M. Zito, K. Nishikawa, E. Radicioni, G. Christodoulou, C. W. Walter, Y. Totsuka, Jan T. Sobczyk, J. Ilic, R. L. Helmer, J. R. Wilson, C. Nielsen, A. Yamamoto, J. Kameda, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, F. Khanam, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, I. Kreslo, M. Barbi, K. Laihem, Alexander Finch, M. M. Tanaka, M. Goldhaber, P. Przewlocki, G.D. Barr, S. Y. Suzuki, W. Metcalf, P. de Perio, D. I. Scully, T. Wongjirad, T. C. Nicholls, Robert Wilson, K. Ieki, D. Karlen, M. Ikeda, Lester D.R. Thompson, S. Manly, B. Hartfiel, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, A. Delbart, K. Hamano, André Rubbia, S. Takahashi, T. Tsukamoto, D. R. Hadley, S. Horikawa, Takahiro Okamura, G. Jover-Manas, Leigh H. Whitehead, M. Bass, K. Sasaki, O. Araoka, J. Argyriades, K. Koseki, A. C. Weber, A.K. Ghosh, Justin Albert, W. Coleman, Biagio Rossi, K. Mizouchi, A. Minamino, A. Carver, M. Mezzetto, Hiroyuki Sekiya, F. Bay, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, K. Zaremba, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Uchida, K. P. Lee, M. Day, A. Longhin, J. Marteau, Y. Yamada, Z. Williamson, N. Abgrall, C. Lister, R. J. Wilkes, J. D. Perkin, Kendall Mahn, P. F. Loverre, B. Smith, Masato Shiozawa, M. Iida, J. M. Roney, A. Haesler, Viktor Matveev, J. P.A.M. De André, J. Beucher, S. L. Cartwright, J. L. Stone, T. Dealtry, A. Murakami, G. Wikström, K. Huang, Atsushi Takeda, A. Missert, S. Bhadra, M. Siyad, V. Pettinacci, T. Hasegawa, Joseph Muratore, S. Mine, Masashi Tanaka, H. Kaji, D. Naples, P. Guzowski, T. Hara, K. Kowalik, N. Kulkarni, K. Connolly, O. Drapier, F. Moreau, M. J. Wilking, N. Grant, K. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, A. D. Marino, Y. Kouzuma, R.P. Kurjata, M. Malek, C. Hearty, R. A. Johnson, Omar Veledar, H. Nishino, H. S. Budd, A. Blondel, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, D. Terhorst, Henry W. Sobel, K. Iyogi, P. Mijakowski, S. W. Bentham, Koji Nakamura, U. Dore, A. Thorley, K. Abe, A. Korzenev, K. Hayashi, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, T. M. Raufer, S. Yamada, J. Lagoda, P. Stamoulis, Minoru Otani, R. Sacco, D. Ruterbories, V. Paolone, A. N. Khotjantsev, Y. Fujii, J. Zmuda, Frédéric Dufour, A. Suzuki, E. D. Zimmerman, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, M. Iwasaki, C. Bojechko, Masashi Yokoyama, I. Z. Danko, A. Konaka, A. Cazes, A. Cervera, V. Palladino, M. Vagins, S. Sabouri, E. Poplawska, G. P. Ward, I. T. Lim, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, A. Zalewska, G. Kogan, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, B. Andrieu, G. De Rosa, M. Miura, N. Tanimoto, T. Ozaki, B. Nielsen, Michal Dziewiecki, M. Messina, J. Steinmann, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Robert Henderson, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, R. A. Owen, S. Gomi, T. Kutter, S. Koike, K. Tashiro, Koh Ueno, J. Holeczek, M. Taguchi, M. Fechner, C. Andreopoulos, Kimihiro Okumura, Iain Alexander Bertram, A. Badertscher, Katsuyu Kasami, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, T. Ishii, M. M. Khabibullin, Rhiju Das, Yoshinari Hayato, M. Macaire, Y. Takenaga, M. Dziomba, N. Kimura, Fred Gannaway, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Marzec, J. Kubota, Yasuhiro Makida, N. J. Buchanan, B. Jamieson, B. E. Berger, M. Ieva, B. A. Popov, Camilla Juul Hansen, M. Lawe, J. L. Raaf, A. Gendotti, Takaaki Kajita, Andrew Marone, C. K. Jung, T. Duboyski, Eiichi Hirose, T. Yuan, M. Posiadala, M. G. Catanesi, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, A. Bravar, D. G. Brook-Roberge, R. G. Calland, Y. Kurimoto, A. V. Waldron, P. F. Harrison, G. D. Lopez, R. Tacik, T. Sekiguchi, P. A. Rodrigues, M. B. Smy, Takahiro Hiraki, C. Yanagisawa, V. Kravtsov, K. Kaneyuki, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, M. Besnier, A. Hillairet, Tatsushi Nakamoto, Michael Anerella, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, C. Licciardi, S. Choi, J. Dobson, Gavin Davies, B. Still, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Federico Sanchez, L. Zambelli, A. Dabrowska, I. Taylor, L. Ludovici, Joshua Hignight, N. West, R. P. Litchfield, T. Ishida, Gareth J. Barker, M. Shibata, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, I. Kato, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Michael Litos, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, David Calvet, Y. Shimizu, Kate Scholberg, Alastair Grant, B. Kirby, Richard J.H. Smith, C. Touramanis, Dmitriy Beznosko, S. Assylbekov, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, A. Ferrero, A. Muir, G. Mituka, M. Hartz, Kodai Matsuoka, J. P. Coleman, Antonio Ereditato, G. Ganetis, N. Yershov, R. Terri, P. Sinclair, T. Lindner, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, C. Densham, Kevin Scott McFarland, Takashi Kobayashi, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, L. L. Kormos, M. D. Haigh, S. Dytman, A. K. Ichikawa, V. Galymov, S. Di Luise, H. Kubo, A. Curioni, S. Roth, J. Bouchez, F. Di Lodovico, Thorsten Lux, T. Maryon, T. Nobuhara, M. Gonin, C. A. Chavez, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, Matthew T. Reeves, J. Escallier, A. Hyndman, E. Mazzucato, G. F. Pearce, H. Kakuno, J. Kisiel, M. A. George, Yu. G. Kudenko, Toru Ogitsu, P. Kitching, M. O. Wascko, E. Kearns, Sy Suzuki, M. Murdoch, P. Paul, S. Yen, T. Yano, L. Monfregola, M. A. Ward, Norio Higashi, K. Gilje, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, Hirokatsu Ohhata, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, J. A. Nowak, C. Ishihara, Y. Obayashi, Yusuke Koshio, T. Yamauchi, S. W. K. Emery, Ken Sakashita, N. Nagai, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, R. Poutissou, P. Masliah, B. Morgan, A. Hatzikoutelis, Y. Yamanoi, J. Y. Kim, R. Sulej, K. Nitta, E. L. Mathie, S. B. Boyd, M. Szeptycka, Scott Davis, D. Hansen, S. J. Ives, C. A. Miller, Takayuki Tomaru, C. Strabel, J. J. Walding, J. Myslik, T. Golan, T. Kikawa, J. Dumarchez, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neutrinos, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, T2K, Escudero Sanchez, Lorena [0000-0003-3464-9206], Whitehead, Leigh [0000-0002-3327-2534], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Neutrinos (NEUTRINOS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Wikstrom, Gustav, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, and Palladino, Vittorio
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 530 Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Neutrino scattering, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Muon neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, QC, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, T2K experiment, Física, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We report a measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in the T2K experiment. The 295-km muon-neutrino beam from Tokai to Kamioka is the first implementation of the off-axis technique in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. With data corresponding to 1.43 × 10(20) protons on target, we observe 31 fully-contained single μ-like ring events in Super-Kamiokande, compared with an expectation of 104 ± 14(syst) events without neutrino oscillations. The best-fit point for two-flavor νμ → ντ oscillations is sin 2(2θ(23)) = 0.98 and |Δm(2)(32)| = 2.65 × 10(−3) eV2. The boundary of the 90% confidence region includes the points (sin2 (2θ(23)), |Δm(2)(32)|) = (1.0, 3.1 × 10(−3) eV2), (0.84, 2.65 × 10(−3) eV2) and (1.0, 2.2 × 10(−3) eV2)., Physical Review D, 85 (3), ISSN:1550-7998, ISSN:0556-2821, ISSN:1550-2368
Published: 2012
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38. Measurement of the 8B solar neutrino flux with the KamLAND liquid scintillator detector

Author: D. A. Dwyer, Yu. Efremenko, Hideki Watanabe, Y. Gando, M. Sakai, H. Ikeda, H. M. Steiner, Hitoshi Murayama, Sandip Pakvasa, Lindley Winslow, G. A. Horton-Smith, J. G. Learned, Yuri Kamyshkov, J. A. Detwiler, K. Tamae, Y. Takemoto, T. I. Banks, A. Suzuki, K. Nakajima, D. M. Markoff, J. Shirai, M. Batygov, F. Piquemal, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, B. E. Berger, E. Yonezawa, T. Mitsui, Y. Minekawa, C. E. Lane, Koichi Ichimura, Y. Kibe, J. Maricic, A. Kozlov, R. D. McKeown, Yasuhiro Shimizu, O. Perevozchikov, A. Piepke, N. Nagai, K. Tolich, R. W. Kadel, B. D. Xu, D. McKee, C. Mauger, K. E. Downum, C. Grant, Chao Zhang, Hugon J Karwowski, Ke Han, I. Shimizu, S. Abe, A. Gando, K. Furuno, K. Narita, B. K. Fujikawa, H. Yabumoto, Stuart J. Freedman, W. Kimura, H. Takahashi, J. S. Ricol, S. Matsuno, M. Koga, M. Nakamura, Giorgio Gratta, K. Nakamura, T. O'Donnell, T. Morikawa, Kunio Inoue, Werner Tornow, Hidetomo Yoshida, T. Bloxham, Sanshiro Enomoto, S. Yoshida, F. Suekane, T. Miletic, K. M. Heeger, N. Takahashi, M. P. Decowski, G. Keefer, A. Tang, Research Center for Neutrino Science [Sendai], Tohoku University [Sendai], Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Neutrino et Faibles Radioactivités (NEMO), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KamLAND, and Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Elastic scattering, Physics, Standard solar model, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 3. Good health, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract: We report a measurement of the neutrino-electron elastic scattering rate from 8B solar neutrinos based on a 123 kton-day exposure of KamLAND. The background-subtracted electron recoil rate, above a 5.5 MeV analysis threshold is 1.49+/-0.14(stat)+/-0.17(syst) events per kton-day. Interpreted as due to a pure electron flavor flux with a 8B neutrino spectrum, this corresponds to a spectrum integrated flux of 2.77+/-0.26(stat)+/-0.32(syst) x 10^6 cm^-2s^-1. The analysis threshold is driven by 208Tl present in the liquid scintillator, and the main source of systematic uncertainty is due to background from cosmogenic 11Be. The measured rate is consistent with existing measurements and with Standard Solar Model predictions which include matter enhanced neutrino oscillation., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2011
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39. Constraints on theta 13 from a three-flavor oscillation analysis of reactor antineutrinos at KamLAND

Author: R. W. Kadel, B. D. Xu, Hugon J Karwowski, J. Maricic, A. Gando, D. M. Markoff, K. Narita, K. Nakamura, J. G. Learned, C. Grant, F. Suekane, K. E. Downum, M. P. Decowski, T. I. Banks, H. Takahashi, A. Piepke, Koichi Ichimura, G. Keefer, Giorgio Gratta, K. Tamae, Y. Takemoto, S. Matsuno, Hideki Watanabe, Y. Gando, C. E. Lane, B. E. Berger, J. Shirai, J. A. Detwiler, H. Ikeda, N. Nagai, Shijun Yoshida, T. O'Donnell, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, D. A. Dwyer, Chao Zhang, T. Morikawa, M. Sakai, H. M. Steiner, Werner Tornow, Hitoshi Murayama, G. A. Horton-Smith, Kunio Inoue, A. Suzuki, O. Perevozchikov, M. Koga, K. Nakajima, T. Bloxham, M. Batygov, T. Mitsui, B. K. Fujikawa, H. Yabumoto, Y. Kibe, A. Kozlov, Yu. Efremenko, K. M. Heeger, Sanshiro Enomoto, Ke Han, Stuart J. Freedman, R. D. McKeown, Hiroshi Yoshida, T. Miletic, N. Takahashi, Y. Minekawa, Yasuhiro Shimizu, I. Shimizu, and Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, CPT symmetry, Solar neutrino, Hadron, CHOOZ, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Physics - Geophysics, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: We present new constraints on the neutrino oscillation parameters $/textyen Delta m^{2}_{21}$, $/textyen theta_{12}$, and $/textyen theta_{13}$ from a three-flavor analysis of solar and KamLAND data. The KamLAND data set includes data acquired following a radiopurity upgrade and amounts to a total exposure of $3.49 \textyen times 10^{32}$ target-proton-year. Under the assumption of {\textyen it CPT} invariance, a two-flavor analysis (/textyen mbox{$\textyen theta_{13} = 0$}) of the KamLAND and solar data yields the best-fit values $\textyen tan^{2} \textyen theta_{12} = 0.444^{+0.036}_{-0.030}$ and $\textyen Delta m^{2}_{21} = 7.50^{+0.19}_{-0.20} \textyen times 10^{-5} ~ {\textyen rm eV}^{2}$; a three-flavor analysis with $\textyen theta_{13}$ as a free parameter yields the best-fit values $\textyen tan^{2} \textyen theta_{12} = 0.452^{+0.035}_{-0.033}$, $\textyen Delta m^{2}_{21} = 7.50^{+0.19}_{-0.20} \textyen times 10^{-5} ~ {\textyen rm eV}^{2}$, and $\textyen sin^{2} \textyen theta_{13} = 0.020^{+0.016}_{-0.016}$. This $\textyen theta_{13}$ interval is consistent with other recent work combining the CHOOZ, atmospheric and long-baseline accelerator experiments. We also present a new global $\textyen theta_{13}$ analysis, incorporating the CHOOZ, atmospheric and accelerator data, which indicates $\textyen sin^{2} \textyen theta_{13} = 0.009^{+0.013}_{-0.007}$. A nonzero value is suggested, but only at the 79\textyen% C.L., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Version as published in PRD. The dChi2-map and prompt energy spectrum for this analysis are available at http://www.awa.tohoku.ac.jp/KamLAND/4th_result_data_release/4th_result_data_release.html
Published: 2011

40. Partial radiogenic heat model for Earth revealed by geoneutrino measurements

Author: Sanshiro Enomoto, D. A. Dwyer, B. E. Berger, M. Sakai, H. M. Steiner, Hitoshi Murayama, G. A. Horton-Smith, H. Ikeda, M. Batygov, Yasuhiro Kishimoto, D. M. Markoff, G. Keefer, Y. Kibe, A. Kozlov, Koichi Ichimura, N. Nagai, K. Nakajima, K. Tamae, B. K. Fujikawa, Y. Takemoto, Hidetomo Yoshida, H. Yabumoto, K. M. Heeger, S. Matsuno, Hugon J Karwowski, A. Piepke, K. Tolich, C. Grant, T. O'Donnell, Giorgio Gratta, T. Miletic, J. A. Detwiler, J. Shirai, A. Gando, Ke Han, T. Morikawa, Stuart J. Freedman, T. I. Banks, O. Perevozchikov, Hideki Watanabe, Y. Gando, I. Shimizu, K. Narita, N. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. W. Kadel, T. Bloxham, B. D. Xu, J. Maricic, R. D. McKeown, Y. Minekawa, S. Yoshida, A. Suzuki, Yasuhiro Shimizu, J. G. Learned, Chao Zhang, T. Mitsui, M. Koga, F. Suekane, Yuri Efremenko, Kunio Inoue, C. E. Lane, M. P. Decowski, K. E. Downum, K. Nakamura, Werner Tornow, and Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Physics, Radiogenic nuclide, Geoneutrino, Thorium, chemistry.chemical_element, Flux, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Heat flux, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Borexino, Radioactive decay
Abstract: The Earth has cooled since its formation, yet the decay of radiogenic isotopes, and in particular uranium, thorium and potassium, in the planet’s interior provides a continuing heat source. The current total heat flux from the Earth to space is 44:2±1.0 TW, but the relative contributions from residual primordial heat and radiogenic decay remain uncertain. However, radiogenic decay can be estimated from the flux of geoneutrinos, electrically neutral particles that are emitted during radioactive decay and can pass through the Earth virtually unaffected. Here we combine precise measurements of the geoneutrino flux from the Kamioka Liquid-Scintillator Antineutrino Detector, Japan, with existing measurements from the Borexino detector, Italy.We find that decay of uranium-238 and thorium-232 together contribute 20.0^(+8.8)_(-8.6)TW to Earth’s heat flux. The neutrinos emitted from the decay of potassium-40 are below the limits of detection in our experiments, but are known to contribute 4TW. Taken together, our observations indicate that heat from radioactive decay contributes about half of Earth’s total heat flux. We therefore conclude that Earth’s primordial heat supply has not yet been exhausted.
Published: 2011

41. Cluster Ion Implantation for Process Application -Carbon Cluster co-Implantation

Author: M. Tanjyo, T. Nagayama, H. Onoda, N. Hamamoto, S. Umisedo, Y. Koga, H. Une, N. Maehara, Y. Kawamura, Y. Hashino, Y. Nakashima, M. Hashimoto, N. Tokoro, N. Nagai, K. Sekar, W. Krull, Jiro Matsuo, Masataka Kase, Takaaki Aoki, and Toshio Seki
Subjects: Materials science, Fabrication, Ion implantation, Transmission electron microscopy, Annealing (metallurgy), Co implantation, X-ray crystallography, Analytical chemistry, Sheet resistance, NMOS logic
Abstract: For beyond 32 nm NMOS device fabrication, Cluster Carbon co‐implantation process is experimentally evaluated. It is found that using Cluster Carbon co‐implantation, instead of Ge PAI plus single Carbon co‐implantation, Phosphorus (P) TED was suppressed and the junction depth Xj are reduced by 10 nm for SDE condition and by 17 nm for SD condition when the Cluster Carbon effective dose 2×1015/cm2. The sheet resistivity Rs of 280 Ω/sq for SDE condition is increased with the increment of the Carbon dose, but the Rs×Xj product 7156 Ω/sq⋅nm has a minimum value is confirmed. The difference of the Cluster Carbon co‐implantation to the monomer Carbon implantation is evaluated and the Cluster Carbon PAI effect makes higher activation of the P dopnt after annealing.
Published: 2011
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42. Recent progress of the superconducting accelerator modules for the JAERI FEL

Author: Y. Suzuki, N. Nagai, Masayoshi Sugimoto, Yuuki Kawarasaki, J. Sasabe, Nobuhiro Kikuzawa, Masaru Takao, Makio Ohkubo, M. Sawamura, and Eisuke Minehara
Subjects: Physics, Cryostat, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Amplitude, Shield, Nuclear engineering, Heat shield, Thermal, Refrigerator car, Water cooling, Instrumentation, Superconducting accelerator
Abstract: The new cooling system of the JAERI superconducting accelerator module named “multi-refrigerators system” consists of a liquid He recondensor and a shield cooler utilizing a compact closed-loop He gas refrigerator, and their integration into each accelerator module cryostat. Because of restricted cooling power of the refrigerator, we designed 80K and 40 K heat shields to minimize the static heat load to a liquid He container of the cryostat. When thermal anchors are installed in optimized positions, the heat load to the liquid He container is calculated to be 1 W, and estimated to be less than 3 W by a simple 1-dimensional calculation. The cooling power of the 4 K refrigerator was about 11 W or more at 4.5 K, which is there times larger than required by the thermal design. The vibrational amplitude of the cryostat due to the refrigerators' motion was measured to be less than 0.2 μm (p-p) on a test cryostat surface, and it was well within our requirement. The multi-refrigerators system has been operated very reliably for several months.
Published: 1993
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43. Formation of hexagonal, platelike Ba-ferrite particles with low temperature dependence of coercivity

Author: N. Nagai, N. Sugita, and M. Maekawa
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, Magnetometer, Analytical chemistry, Atmospheric temperature range, Coercivity, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Magnetization, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Transmission electron microscopy, law, Ferrite (magnet), Temperature coefficient
Abstract: Ba ferrite (Ba-Fe) has been prepared with a temperature coefficient of coercivity ( d H c d ) of 0 ≈−1 caseOe °C , in temperature range 0–80°C and coercivity range 500–1500 Oe. Superfine and platelike Ba-Fe particles containing Ti (IV) Ni (II) and Zn (II) were prepared by a wet method to examine their properties, using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). A magnetically oriented sheet was prepared in order to examine SFD (SFD r ), SQ, S ∗ ( S ∗ r ) and the easy magnetization axis. It was found that Ni-Ti-Zn substituted Ba-Fe retains the characteristics of Co-Ti-substituted Ba-Fe. An environmental aging test of the particles also showed evidence of excellent stability. We conclude that Ni-Ti-Zn substituted Ba-Fe is suitable not only for existing magnetic recording media but also for future applications.
Published: 1993
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44. Identification of a stop codon mutation in the CBFA1 runt domain from a patient with cleidocranial dysplasia and cleft lip

Author: Eiki Yamachika, Toshio Sugahara, Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa, Yuzo Ishiwari, N. Nagai, and Nobuyoshi Mizukawa
Subjects: Genetics, Cancer Research, Transition (genetics), Cleidocranial Dysplasia, business.industry, Nonsense mutation, medicine.disease, Osteochondrodysplasia, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Loss of heterozygosity, Exon, Otorhinolaryngology, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Periodontics, Medicine, Missense mutation, Oral Surgery, business
Abstract: We examined a patient with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) and cleft lip and found a new stop codon mutation in CBFA1. This mutation was a heterozygous C-to-T transition in exon 3 of CBFA1. This nucleotide change converts a CAA codon to a TAA (stop) codon at amino acid position Gln195 in the runt domain of CBFA1.
Published: 2001
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45. Cluster Carbon ion implantation for NMOS device fabrication improvements

Author: M. Hashimoto, Y. Nakashima, Y. Kawamura, S. Umisedo, H. Onoda, N. Tokoro, Tsutomu Nagayama, Yuji Koga, Masayasu Tanjyo, N. Nagai, H. Une, Nariaki Hamamoto, T. Igo, N. Maehara, and Y. Hashino
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, Silicon, business.industry, Annealing (metallurgy), chemistry.chemical_element, Conductivity, Ion implantation, chemistry, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Electronic engineering, Optoelectronics, business, Sheet resistance, NMOS logic
Abstract: To achieve an ultra-shallow junction formation with low resistivity, Cluster Carbon (CC) co-implantation for NMOS source drain and source drain extension condition are investigated. It is found that using CC co-implantation, Phosphorus (P) TED was suppressed and the lower junction depth Xj is achieved. The sheet resistivity Rs is increased with the increment of the Carbon dose, but the Rs×Xj product has a minimum condition is confirmed. From the experimental data, it is shown that the Cluster Carbon ion implantation (CCII) condition is important to suppress P TED effectively.
Published: 2010
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46. A model predicting temperature take-off conditions of superconductors

Author: Shigefumi Nishio and N. Nagai
Subjects: Superconductivity, Materials science, Liquid helium, Critical heat flux, General Physics and Astronomy, Thermodynamics, Thermal conduction, Stability (probability), law.invention, law, Boiling, General Materials Science, Bubble coalescence, Transient (oscillation)
Abstract: This paper presents a model predicting the temperature take-off conditions of current-carrying superconductors during stepwise power inputs. In the model, the take-off time, at which the temperature of conductors starts to increase rapidly, is estimated as the sum of the following three periods: transient heat conduction period, bubble coalescence period and macrolayer dryout period. Unfortunately, in the model, the bubble coalescence period is neglected because there is limited information on the mechanism establishing the macrolayer. The transient heat conduction period is estimated by the activation theory of pre-existing nuclei, and the macrolayer dryout period by extending the macrolayer model for steady-state critical heat flux by Haramura and Katto to transient states. It is shown that the present predictions on the macrolayer dryout period are in good agreement with experimental data for water and liquid helium if the predicted values are multiplied by factor 2. Then, the predictions on the total take-off time are compared with experimental data for liquid helium, and it is shown that the present model succeeds in estimating the temperature take-off conditions.
Published: 1992
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47. Glottal impedance based on a finite element analysis of two-dimensional unsteady viscous flow in a static glottis

Author: N. Nagai, N. Niki, and H. Iijima
Subjects: Glottis, Equivalent series resistance, Computer science, Numerical analysis, Equivalent series inductance, Mechanics, Impedance parameters, Finite element method, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Viscosity, medicine.anatomical_structure, Flow (mathematics), Signal Processing, medicine, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electrical impedance, Simulation
Abstract: Unsteady viscous flows in various static models of the glottis are numerically simulated using a finite-element method, and parameters of the electrically equivalent impedances in the models are determined. Different shapes of the static models, which are obtained by varying the angle and diameter of the glottis, produce flow patterns quite different from each other. Really complicated flow patterns have been obtained with the help of appropriate preprocessing/postprocessing software. The equivalent glottal impedance parameters are evaluated. The equivalent resistance values are compared with those derived by previously proposed formulas, and the equivalent inductance values are compared with the analytic solution derived from the Navier-Stokes equations. The present results closely approximate real flow measurements already reported, thus indicating that the numerical method approximates the real phenomena and is therefore useful for the analysis of vocal sources. >
Published: 1992
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48. Three Dimensional Electron-Positron Momentum Density in 2H-NbSe2

Author: T. Ebihara, Shoichiro Tanigawa, Kôki Takita, Yoshichika Onuki, T. Kubota, Izuru Umehara, N. Nagai, H. Kondo, and Hideki Nakashima
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Superconductivity, Momentum, Materials science, Positron, Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, Quantum electrodynamics, General Materials Science, Electron, Condensed Matter Physics, Positron annihilation
Published: 1992
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49. Mass-production-oriented ionic polymer actuator based on engineered material structure

Author: J. Ohsako, T. Kawashima, and N. Nagai
Subjects: Hysteresis, Materials science, Temperature control, Constant current, Control engineering, Bending, Electric potential, Composite material, Actuator, Displacement (vector), Voltage
Abstract: We have been developing polymer actuators that have high performance and also have high productivity. The production process of this actuator is simple and employing common instrument. The displacement at 30seconds after applying voltage 2.0V was about 5mm for 15mm sample. The displacement is in proportion to the period of applying constant current. The output force is over 4mN at 2.0V. We also clarify a bending mechanism of our polymer actuator include bend back motion. The differences in size and in moving speed between cations and anions play a major role in bending mechanism. We also estimate the size and moving speed of each type of ions. These values are consistent with the measured displacement result.
Published: 2009
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50. Lack of B-RAF mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Author: M, Al Sheikh Ali, M, Gunduz, E, Gunduz, R, Tamamura, L, Beder, S, Tominaga, T, Onoda, N, Yamanaka, R, Grenman, K, Shimizu, N, Nagai, and H, Nagatsuka
Subjects: Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Cell Line, Tumor, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Humans, Exons, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Alleles, Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
Abstract: B-RAF is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in human cancer. However, the mutation status of B-RAF has not been established completely in HNSCC. We have analysed the mutation status of the kinase domain of the B-RAF gene (exons 11 and 15) in 91 Japanese HNSCC patients as well as 12 HNSCC cell lines. DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR. Mutations were then analysed by SSCP mutation detection method. Since V600EB-RAF constitutes 90 % of the mutations identified in B-RAF in human cancers, we also used MASA analysis to specifically detect this mutation in exon 15 of B-RAF. Using both methods, no mutation was found in both exon 11 and 15 in all patients and cell lines. Mu tations are absent or rare in the kinase domain of B-RAF in Japanese HNSCC. However, more studies are still needed to determine its usefulness as a target for molecular therapy in these patients.
Published: 2009

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