Search

Inferior epigastric artery (IEA) pseudoaneurysms are well-known postoperative abdominal complications, which often require proper treatment. Treatment options include surgical ligation, transcatheter embolization, and thrombin injection. Here, we report a rare case of an IEA pseudoaneurysm, accompanied by a postsurgical enterocutaneous fistula. The pseudoaneurysm relapsed after transcatheter coil embolization and percutaneous thrombin injection; it was completely occluded by transcatheter arterial embolization using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. The present case shows that a coexisting enterocutaneous fistula can affect the unresponsiveness of patients with IEA pseudoaneurysm to widely accepted treatments, such as coil embolization and thrombin injection, by creating an inflammatory environment. In such cases, repeated therapeutic trials may be required. Transcatheter arterial embolization using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate can be a feasible therapeutic option for patients with refractory IEA pseudoaneurysm, accompanied by an enterocutaneous fistula.

We have investigated the effect of thin fluoro-acrylic polymer as an anode stabilizer on the lifetime of an organic light emitting device (OLED). Surface chemical properties of commercial fluoropolymer, FC-722 (Fluorad™ of 3M), on indium–tin oxide (ITO) were characterized by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. An OLED with 1 nm thick fluoropolymeric film showed identical brightness and efficiency behaviour and improved operational stability compared with the reference device with UV-O3 treated ITO. The improvement in the lifetime was accompanied by the suppression of the voltage increase at the initial stage of constant-current driving, which can be attributed to the action of the FC-722 layer by smoothing the ITO surface. Fluoropolymer coating, therefore, improves the lifetime of the small molecular OLED by the simple and reliable anode-stabilizing process.

Laser‐Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) is a laser addressed patterning process and has unique advantages such as high‐resolution patterning with over all position accuracy of the imaged stripes of within 2.5 micrometer and scalability to large‐size mother glass. This accuracy is accomplished by real‐time error correction and a high‐resolution stage control system that includes laser interferometers. Here the new concept of hybrid system that complement the merits of small molecule and polymer to be used as an OLED; our system can realize easy processing of light emitting polymers and high luminance efficiency of small molecules. LITI process enables the stripes to be patlerned with excellent thickness uniformity and multi‐stacking of various functional layers without having to use any type of fine metal shadow mask. In this study, we report a full‐color hybrid OLED using the multi‐layered structure consisting of small molecules and polymers.

A solid surface in contact with water or aqueous solution usually carries specific electric charges. These surface charges attract counter ions from the liquid side. Since the geometry of opposite charge distribution parallel to the solid-liquid interface is similar to that of a capacitor, it is called an electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC). Therefore, there is an electrical potential difference across an EDLC in equilibrium. When a liquid bridge is formed between two conducting plates, the system behaves as two serially connected EDLCs. In this work, we propose a new method for investigating the surface charge density on solid-liquid interfaces. By mechanically modulating the electrical double layers and simultaneously applying a dc bias voltage across the plates, an ac electric current can be generated. By measuring the voltage drop across a load resistor as a function of bias voltage, we can study the surface charge density on solid-liquid interfaces. Our experimental results agree very well with the simple equivalent electrical circuit model proposed here. Furthermore, using this method, one can determine the polarity of the adsorbed state on the solid surface depending on the material used. We expect this method to aid in the study of electrical phenomena on solid-liquid interfaces.

We report a novel structure for a full-color AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) eliminating the patterning process of a blue emitting layer. The patterning of the three primary colors, RGB, is a key technology in the OLED fabrication process. Conventional full color AMOLED containing RGB layers includes the three opportunities of the defects to make an accurate position and fine resolution using various technologies such as fine metal mask, ink-jet printing and laser-induced transfer system. We can skip the blue patterning step by simply stacking the blue layer as a common layer to the whole active area after pixelizing two primary colors, RG, in the conventional small molecular OLED structure. The red and green pixel showed equivalent performances without any contribution of the blue emission.

We have developed a novel color patterning method for the fabrication of large format full-color OLEDs. Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) is a laser addressed high resolution thermal patterning process with unique advantages such as excellent transfer film thickness uniformity, multilayer stack transfer ability, and scalability to large-size mother glass. LITI patterning of small molecule materials produces OLEDs that are comparable in performance to conventional evaporated devices. Using the technology, we fabricated 2.2″ full color active matrix OLEDs.