Search

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-eab-10.1177_00139165231182686 for Is Neighborhood Nature an Ecological Precursor of Parenting Practices, Infant-Parent Bonding, and Infant Socioemotional Function? by Lærke Mygind, Christopher Greenwood, Primrose Letcher, Suzanne Mavoa, Kate Lycett, Yichao Wang, Trine Flensborg-Madsen, Peter Bentsen, Jacqui A. Macdonald, Kimberly Thomson, Delyse Hutchinson, Craig A. Olsson and Peter G. Enticott in Environment and Behavior

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-eab-10.1177_00139165231182686 for Is Neighborhood Nature an Ecological Precursor of Parenting Practices, Infant-Parent Bonding, and Infant Socioemotional Function? by Lærke Mygind, Christopher Greenwood, Primrose Letcher, Suzanne Mavoa, Kate Lycett, Yichao Wang, Trine Flensborg-Madsen, Peter Bentsen, Jacqui A. Macdonald, Kimberly Thomson, Delyse Hutchinson, Craig A. Olsson and Peter G. Enticott in Environment and Behavior

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-eab-10.1177_00139165231182686 for Is Neighborhood Nature an Ecological Precursor of Parenting Practices, Infant-Parent Bonding, and Infant Socioemotional Function? by Lærke Mygind, Christopher Greenwood, Primrose Letcher, Suzanne Mavoa, Kate Lycett, Yichao Wang, Trine Flensborg-Madsen, Peter Bentsen, Jacqui A. Macdonald, Kimberly Thomson, Delyse Hutchinson, Craig A. Olsson and Peter G. Enticott in Environment and Behavior

Pre-registration of secondary analysis of Australian Temperament Project data. Exposure (i.e., the indicator of neighbourhood nature) data will be generated post registration by an analyst who has no previous knowledge of study composition or outcome data. No associations of interest have been observed prior to registration.

The importance of physical activity behaviours for mental and physical health and wellbeing over the lifespan is incontrovertible, yet physical inactivity is widespread and increasing. The ramifications of physical inactivity are greatest in the formative years, i.e., in childhood and adolescence, when lifestyle behaviours are formed and growing bodies and brains are most susceptible to lack of exercise. Integrating physical activity into children’s key behavioural settings, such as schools, is key, yet available interventions have shown little effect on the burden associated with physical inactivity. A cluster randomised wait list design will be used to evaluate the efficacy of an EOtC intervention that aims to increase adolescents’ (ages 10-16 years) school-based and overall PA by providing a course on the pedagogical and didactic methods of EOtC to teachers across 30 Danish schools, and subsequently the teachers implementing EOTC in their classes > 5 hours weekly over the course of one school year. We hypothesise that the intervention group will engage in more school-based and overall PA than the control group.

Preregistration for: Title Is access to green space near home and early childhood education and care associated with healthy socioemotional function in pre-school aged children? Authors Lærke Mygind, Trine Flensborg-Madsen, Peter Bentsen, Jarrad Lum, Peter Enticott, Hayley Christian See "Preregistration template5.pdf" component for all preregistered details.

This is a pre-registration of the study 'Green matter: is there an association between vegetation cover around the home and social brain function in childhood?'. Outcome data has been collected. Subject to obtaining adapted consent from participants, exposure data will be generated.

More than half of all psychiatric disorders first appear, and have their highest incidence rates, during childhood and adolescence (Kessler et al., 2005). Mental health issues during this period have lifelong consequences for physical and mental health (Heckman, 2008; Shonkoff et al., 2012), and account for a substantial proportion of global burden of disease (Rehm & Shield, 2019; Whiteford et al., 2013). As such, being able to prevent and treat mental illness that emerges prior to adulthood is of utmost importance. Despite the urgency of treatment, the health system is struggling to provide adequate responses due to outdated practices, stigma, and inadequate organisational structures (Chisholm et al., 2007; Mnookin, 2016). Furthermore, it is estimated that 10-20% of adolescents globally experienced undiagnosed and undertreated mental health conditions (Kessler et al., 2005). Considering the urgency and scope of the mental health burden in young people, and the lack of appropriate mental health system response, upstream health promotion and prevention is an absolute necessity. Interaction with nature has been suggested to present such an upstream health promotion and prevention modality (Maller et al., 2006). Indeed, public natural environments, such as forests and green open spaces, are thought to be promising as a structural approach to health promotion and prevention, being widely accessible, modifiable, lasting, and relatively inexpensive once implemented (Hordyk et al., 2015; Newman et al., 2015). As such, access to natural environments is increasingly attributed public and population health importance in line with other social determinants of health, such as poverty and poor housing (World Health Organization & WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, 2012). There has been a substantial body of work examining cross-sectional associations between interactions with or access to green spaces and mental health during childhood and adolescence (de Keijzer et al., 2016; Gascon et al., 2015; Mygind et al., 2019, 2021; Tillmann et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2021). There is some cross-sectional evidence to suggest that greater accessibility of natural environments associates with improved overall mental health, emotional wellbeing, and reduced stress (Tillmann et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2020). For instance, cross-sectional evidence suggests that the percentage of neighbourhood park area is associated with reduced perceived stress among adolescents (Feda et al., 2015). As a whole, however, the existing body of evidence is inconsistent likely due, in part, to heterogeneity in exposure measurement and statistical modelling (Tillmann et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2020). Importantly, there is a paucity of longitudinal evidence supporting the purported mental health benefits of access to green spaces (Gascon et al., 2015; Mygind et al., 2019; Tillmann et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2021). Longitudinal studies are crucial as they allow us to investigate within-subject changes over time whilst mitigating cohort effects (Kraemer et al., 2000). To our knowledge, there have been only a few studies that examine these associations prospectively in young people, and the findings are inconsistent (de Keijzer et al., 2016; Gascon et al., 2015; Tillmann et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2020). For instance, childhood greenness has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of a host of psychiatric disorders in early adulthood independent of urbanisation, parental history of mental illness, and socioeconomic factors (Engemann et al., 2019). Disorders that are considered to be substantially genetically predisposed, such as borderline and bipolar disorders and intellectual disability (Klengel & Binder, 2015), were not associated with childhood residential greenness (Engemann et al., 2019). The specificity of the association might suggest that residential greenness impacts on environmentally sensitive mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety (Hettema et al., 2001; Klengel & Binder, 2015; Sullivan et al., 2000). However, changes in depressive symptoms measured one to two years apart were not associated with changes in perceived and objective greenness in an adolescent population (Gubbels et al., 2016). Considering that most mental illnesses first appear in adolescence and tend to track into adulthood (Kessler et al., 2005), it is worthwhile investigating how changes in greenness associate with mental health trajectories during adolescence; a time during which increased independence from parents is attained and when personalised lifestyles patterns are crystallised. There is evidence to suggest that cumulative greenness, rather than any especially vulnerable age span during childhood, more strongly predicts risk of mental disorders (Engemann et al., 2019), but we are familiar with no studies investigating impacts of childhood greenness on dimensional measures of mental health from childhood through adolescence to early adulthood. A longitudinal perspective is further warranted since symptoms of mental illnesses have varied aetiology and onset timing (Kessler et al., 2005). For instance, anxiety symptoms tend to first manifest in younger populations than depression (Kessler et al., 2007). The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate if residential greenness associates with mental health trajectories during adolescence. Our study will focus on internalising (i.e., anxiety and depression) and externalising (i.e., symptoms of aggression and rule breaking) symptoms as they have high incidence/prevalence rates during this period (Kessler et al., 2005) and are also significantly associated with stress exposure (Green et al., 2010; Kessler et al., 2010; McLaughlin et al., 2010).

International audience; In today’s modern society, lifestyle-related diseases play an increasingly important role as the cause of bad health. Staying in and access to environments that contain natural elements such as forests, parks and gardens has been featured because of its potential to stimulating people’s health and well-being. An inde-pendent research area has developed, which addresses issues that try to explain anddocument the health effects of access to and activities in nature. To bring together European researchers working with different aspects of the relation between nature and health, COST Action E39 “Forests, Trees, and Human Health and Wellbeing” was established in 2004 and terminated in November 2009. The main results of COST E39 was presented in the book “Forests, Trees and Human Health” published in 2011. This article focuses on three central research questions regarding the relationship between nature and health: (1) Nature’s restorative and salutogenic effects on human beings, (2) Health effects of outdoor physical activities, and (3) Therapeutic interventions such as therapy gardens and forest bathing. Based on a systematic review of research carried out in the aftermath of the COST Action the following conclusions are made: (1) There is a remarkable amount of research publications showing a statistical correlation between access to nature and green areas and human physical activity and health. However, there are few studies that really prove a causal relationship, i.e. that access to green areas leads to increased physical activity and better health. (2) The existing research on outdoor activities in natural environments describes a number of positive associations and effects on health, and the evidence for some of these are convincing, albeit there must be reservations for the immediate appli-cability of the conclusions. (3) A lot of studies also show that nature-based therapeutic interventions work and provide clear positive effects, but there is serious criticism about the quality of the studies. Finally, the authors suggest more emphasis on research regarding the economic benefits of nature’s health effects, more research on the effects of nature-based therapeutic interventions, and of broadening the theoretical basis. Furthermore, we foresee a better integration with health policies and practical implementation within urban planning and forest management.; Dans la société actuelle, les maladies liées au mode de vie jouent un rôle de plus en plus important dans les causes de mauvaise santé. L’accès et le séjour dans des environnements qui contiennent des éléments naturels tels que les forêts, les parcs et les jardins ont attiré l’attention pour leur capacité à favoriser la santé et le bien-être humains. Un domaine de recherche à part entière s’est développé pour expliquer et attester du lien entre accès et activités dans la nature et santé humaine. L’action COST E39 « Forêts, arbres et la santé et le bien-être humains », initiée en 2004 et achevée en 2009, avait pour but de réunir des chercheurs européens qui travaillent sur les différents aspects de la relation entre nature et santé. Ses principaux résultats ont été présentés dans le livre Forests, Trees and Human Health publié en 2011. Cet article porte sur trois questions de recherche centrales concernant la relation entre nature et santé : les effets réparateurs, instauratifs et salutaires sur la santé humaine, les effets sur la santé des activités physiques de plein air et les interventions thérapeutiques telles que les jardins thérapeutiques et les bains de forêt. Une revue systématique de la recherche menée à la suite de l’action COST, permet d’aboutir aux conclusions suivantes : 1) Un nombre remarquable de publications de recherche mettent en évidence une corrélation statistique entre l’accès à la nature et aux espaces verts et l’activité physique humaine et la santé. Cependant, peu d’études établissent une relation de cause à effet permettant d’affirmer que l’accès aux espaces verts entraîne une plus grande activité physique et une meilleure santé. 2) La recherche existante sur les activités de plein air dans des environnements naturels fait état d’un certain nombre d’associations positives et effets sur la santé, dont certains sont solidement appuyés par des preuves, bien que sujets à des réserves quant à l’applicabilité immédiate des conclusions qu’on peut en tirer. 3) Beaucoup d’études montrent que des thérapies fondées sur la nature fonctionnent et donnent lieu à des effets clairement positifs, mais la qualité de ces études fait l’objet de sérieuses critiques. Enfin, les auteurs recommandent qu’une plus grande place soit accordée aux recherches sur les bénéfices économiques tirés des effets que la nature procure sur la santé et d’élargir la base théorique des études. De plus, une meilleure intégration de ces connaissances dans les politiques de la santé et leur mise en œuvre pratique dans le cadre de l’urbanisme et de la gestion des forêts sont à envisager.