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Four so far unknown pyrroloquinoline alkaloids, yellow mycenaflavins A, B, and C, and the purple mycenaflavin D, have been isolated from the fruiting bodies of Mycena haematopus. The structures of these new alkaloids were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and HRMS (ESI+ ). The mycenaflavins are structurally related to mycenarubins and haematopodins, which have been previously identified in M. haematopus. However, compared with other known fungal pyrroloquinoline alkaloids, the mycenaflavins contain an additional double bond within the pyrroloquinoline moiety that accounts for the yellow colour of the monomeric mycenaflavins A, B, and C. The purple mycenaflavin D is the first known dimeric pyrroloquinoline alkaloid with a C-C bridge between the two pyrroloquinoline units. Although the minor pyrroloquinoline alkaloid constituent mycenaflavin A exhibits only moderate bioactivity against the soil bacterium Azoarcus tolulyticus, the major pyrroloquinoline alkaloid constituent haematopodin B is similarly active as the antibiotic gentamicin.

Ten species of wild edible mushrooms (Boletus griseus, Boletus speciosus, Lactarius hygrophoroides, Leucopaxillus giganteus, Macrocybe gigantea, Melanoleuca arcuata, Morchella deliciosa, Mycena haematopus, Pulveroboletus ravenelii, and Tricholoma matsutake) collected from Yunnan province of China, were analyzed for ten mineral elements (calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium, and zinc) contents using ICP-AES. The minimum and maximum element contents of mushrooms were determined as milligrams per kilograms dry weight for Ca (38-470), Cr (0.45-6.3), Co (0.29-2.3), Cu (13-58), Fe (22-510), Mg (84-550), Mn (1.4-70), K (1,300-4,600), Na (190-670), and Zn (16-160). The mushrooms species with the highest levels of mineral elements were B. griseus for K and Na, P. ravenelii for Cu, M. deliciosa for Mn, L. giganteus for Cr and Fe, M. gigantea for Ca, Mg and Zn, T. matsutake for Co. These results demonstrate that the mineral element contents in mushrooms are considerably species dependent and affected by environmental factors.

Four so far unknown red alkaloid pigments, haematopodin B (1) and the mycenarubins D (3), E (5) and F (6), were isolated from fruiting bodies of Mycena haematopus. The structures of these pyrroloquinoline alkaloids were established by 2D NMR spectroscopic and MS (ESI) methods. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of their CD spectra with that of haematopodin (2) or mycenarubin A (4). Metabolic profiling of the red pigments of intact and injured fruiting bodies revealed that the known degradation product haematopodin (2) originates from haematopodin B (1), which is the native main pigment of M. haematopus.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)

Haematopodin (1), a pigment from fruit bodies of the mushroom Mycena haematopus, was synthesized from 6,7-bis-(benzyloxy)indole (5). Key steps in the synthesis were the addition of 3-[(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-1-propanol (11) to the indolo-6,7-quinone 10 and cyclization of the resulting adduct 12 with trifluoroacetic acid.

(1992). Low-Level Bioluminescence Detected in Mycena Haematopus Basidiocarps. Mycologia: Vol. 84, No. 5, pp. 799-802.

Four so far unknown red alkaloid pigments, haematopodin B (1) and the mycenarubins D (3), E (5) and F (6), were isolated from fruiting bodies of Mycena haematopus. The structures of these pyrroloquinoline alkaloids were established by 2D NMR spectroscopic and MS (ESI) methods. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of their CD spectra with that of haematopodin (2) or mycenarubin A (4). Metabolic profiling of the red pigments of intact and injured fruiting bodies revealed that the known degradation product haematopodin (2) originates from haematopodin B (1), which is the native main pigment of M. haematopus.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)

In the present account the following fungi are discussed or described: Collybia confluens with amyloid spores when young; C. pinastris, a transfer from Marasmius; Oudemansiella longipes var. americana var. nov.; Tricholoma aurantium var. olivascens var. nov.; Calocybe onychina; Mycena haematopus var. cuspidata var. nov.; M. elegantula var. inflata var. nov.; M. argillascens sp. nov., Armillaria albolanaripes, an albino variant; Catathelasma singeri sp. nov.; Pleurotus cornucopiae; Coprinus atramentarius; Psathyrella aspenensis sp. nov.; P. sublateritia var. intermedia var. nov.; Stropharia kauffmanii; and S. subsquamulosa sp. nov.