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The vestibular system is responsible for sensing the velocity and acceleration of angular and linear movements of the head and sensitivity to gravity in maintaining balance with its peripheral and central structures. It performs this function through vestibular reflexes. When peripheral vestibular diseases occur unilaterally or bilaterally, the functions of vestibular reflexes are affected, resulting in deterioration in eye movements compatible with head movements and anti-gravity muscle activity coordination, which ensures upright posture against gravity. Dizziness and/or imbalance persist in patients in whom the central compensation process cannot be completed, resulting in restrictions in the patient’s independent movements, daily activities, and quality of life. In the middle and long term, these restrictions cause sedentary life, fear of falling, loss of general condition, emotional problems, and social isolation. In patients diagnosed with unilateral peripheral vestibular disease, vestibular rehabilitation methods based on exercise and living environment arrangements are used as valid and reliable methods to support central compensation mechanisms and to eliminate movement restrictions. Along with conventional exercises, virtual reality-based vestibular rehabilitation systems on stable or unstable platforms are also used for this purpose. In this chapter, the essential principles of conventional and virtual reality-based vestibular rehabilitation methods take place.

Objective; The International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) with seven-item questionnaire is used to evaluate the effectiveness of audiological rehabilitation programme utilizing hearing aids. Factor analysis of the subscales of the IOI-HA has been previously reported for English and Dutch translations, but not for the Turkish Language. Thus, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the internal consistency and factorial (construct) validity of the IOI-HA that was translated to Turkish.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with vestibular disorders frequently report vertigo, imbalance and gait problems. Pioneering authors Cawthorne and Cooksey suggested a treatment for vertigo that was a radical departure from the traditional medical management that many physicans still use today. The aims of this prospective study were to assess the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation program for patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular deficits and to calculate the validation of the Turkish version of Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI-TR). Methods: Patients who had been diagnosed as unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy between January 2003-June 2007 in Dokuz Eylul University, Medical School, Department of Otolaryngology are assessed during pre and post-rehabilitation periods in terms of functional, physical and emotional conditions using the DHI-TR.

The Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS) is a rare neurological disorder that may present at all ages with sensorineural hearing loss, bulbar palsy and respiratory compromise. We describe a 6-year-old male patient who suffered bilateral sudden onset severe hearing loss for two years. Audiological investigations revealed sudden onset auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder bilaterally. He also had neurological complaints. During riboflavin therapy an improvement in hearing loss and the benefit of hearing aids were observed. In BVVLS, it is difficult to plan and apply auditory rehabilitation interventions and the results vary from patient to patient. In audiological evaluation, it should be borne in mind that subjective and objective tests are complemental. Early medical intervention and regular audiological follow-up are very important for effective hearing rehabilitation in the patients with BVVLS.

Objective The video head impulse test (vHIT) is a diagnostic tool to assess the function of the semicircular canals and branches of the vestibular nerve. The aim of this study was to analyze the interexaminer variability of vHIT results in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods A total of 21 healthy participants were included in the study. vHIT responses were collected by four clinicians. Variability of the vHIT results between examiners was analyzed statistically. Results The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) velocity regression values were from 0.99 to 1.09 degrees per second for the lateral canals. For the vertical canals, VOR velocity regression values were from 0.87 to 1.21 degrees per second. According to repeated measures analysis of variance, the normality assumptions for the velocity regression of the left lateral canal (p = 0.002) and the right anterior canal (p Conclusion The interexaminer differences of the VOR gain values for the vHIT were statistically significant. Serial vHIT testing should be performed by the same examiner to reduce the effects of interexaminer variability.