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Solar energy is one of the purest types of energy and is regarded as a green energy source. Solar energy benefits include reduced carbon emissions, no need for fossil fuels, long-term solar resources and shorter payback period. Solar energy, like other forms of energy, has various safety, health and environmental (SHE) issues. The research scope is limited to solar panel manufacturing companies and solar panel industries. The first objective is to address the SHE impact of solar energy technology, particularly PV modules, on human activity sustainability. The second objective is to suggest possible ways to reduce the effect of potential hazards of widespread use of PV modules. The third objective is to conduct a survey in order to determine the most feasible recommendation for mitigating the impact of the possible risk of widespread use of PV modules. The first and second objectives is met through the synthesis of theories and concepts through the literature review. For the third objective, a questionnaire survey was performed among Malaysia solar panel manufacturing sectors and solar panel companies, with 60 responses. Conjoint analysis is used to analyse the data gathered for the third objective. According to the result, respondents are exposed to various kinds of chemical compounds during manufacturing and decommissioning process. 85% of the respondents strongly agrees that all of the suggested recommendation are required to be executed as soon as possible. This analysis identifies potential environmental burdens. There are both negative and positive socioeconomic consequences. This article also recommended to conduct an interview with individuals involved in the manufacture and disposal of PV modules to obtain more accurate research findings and understand the genuine condition of employees. For future improvement, conducting a thorough examination of each recommendation that can be implemented in the current scenario in order to obtain a specific solution that reflects the current situation and specifies future research on employees in the PV module manufacturing and disposal industries are also suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise is one of the physical pollutions affecting human life. This study is to focus on the investigation of the level of noise emitted by trains in human activity areas located along the KTM railway track alignment at SK Sultan Hishamuddin Alam Shah (SKSHAS), Kuala Lumpur and Kompleks Kediaman Kakitangan Awam (KKKA), Kuala Lumpur. The scopes of this study included noise measurement using 3M Soundpro model SEIDL Sound Level Meter starting from 8.00 a.m to 5.00 p.m, comparison of the data collected onsite with the Guidelines for Environment Noise Limits and Control 2019 by Department of Environment Malaysia, questionnaire distribution and analysis of noise satisfaction level of the surrounding community based on perception, acceptance and satisfaction using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. From the analysis of 40 nos. noise data sample, it was found that the maximum train noise level (LAmax) at SKSHAS was 74 dBA and KKKA was 73.25 dBA, which were acceptable and complied to the limits of 75dBA for Noise Sensitive Area and 80 dBA for Urban Residential Area. From the analysis results of 101 nos. respondent answering the questionnaires using SPSS version 26 software, it was found that the highest correlation coefficient values for SKSHAS and KKKA were 0.767 was 0.750, respectively, with significant value level (p) of 0.000 (<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that high noise level was the most disturbing factor to the respondents. Thus, it is suggested to reduce the noise level by installing suitable noise barriers such as natural plants and brick wall, and to extend the study to other locations with barriers and various land use categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational building is practically exposed to noise pollution. This paper evaluates the noise comfort of the laboratory using sound level meter (model MS6708) and questionnaire form. This paper aims to identify the sources of noise in the laboratory, to measure the noise level in selected laboratories with the guidelines recommended by Department of Environment Malaysia (DOE) and to compare the level of comfortableness with the total average noise level measured in selected laboratories. Service building, geomatic and highway engineering technology laboratory were the field measurement used in this study. Data collection was performed in every hour with running air-conditioning system from 9 am until 4 pm for five days using SLM. Through the questionnaire, 32 respondents comprising JTKA staffs and final year students of BNB program were randomly selected. From field observation, service building and highway laboratories exceeded the guidelines recommended by DOE which was 55 dBA. Geomatics laboratory has recorded noise value in the range of 46 dBA - 47 dBA which met the standard requirements. Furthermore, the feedback from the questionnaire survey demonstrated that the sources of noise were mostly originated from AHU room, blower and ducting system. Results showed that 34.4% of respondents were uncertain or having neutral perception about comfort level in service laboratory building. Similar to the highway laboratory, the respondents felt comfortable and uncertain with the surrounding environment at 37.5%. It can be observed that majority of respondents felt comfortable with the geomatic laboratory environment. Thus, laboratory noise in UTHM Pagoh campus needs to be controlled and minimized through proper noise reduction approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial Building System (TBS) is one of the construction technology method applied in the low-cost housing construction sector. However, the use of TBS in the low-cost housing construction sector has received less response from the housing industry. In addition, problems with join and installation between TBS components are also often issues. The objective of the study is to identify the causes of the development of the construction sector which is still low on the exposure to TBS technology for the Affordable Housing project in Melaka. This study also explores the limitations and advantages of technology through two approaches, namely, the first approach is research sourced from previous studies as evidence to answer the problems of this study. In addition, the survey method through the distribution of survey forms is the second approach to obtain information on the findings of this study. A total of 44 peoples involved in this research study are comprised of contractor developers throughout Malaysia and in Melaka in particular. Overall, the results of the study collected from the answers of respondents and comparison with the results of previous studies found that the issues and problems that was highlighted in this questionnaire obtained a level of agreement that almost meets the facts contained in the literature review results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Malaysian construction industry is expanding rapidly. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is one of the latest developments in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industries. BIM can also be used for facility planning, design, construction, and operation. This technology has been well received by the Malaysian construction industry but has not been implemented in construction project management. The key goals of this study were to identify problems and challenges experienced in the implementation of BIM in the affordable housing construction industry and to identify possible solution for the affordable housing construction industry in Johor Bahru to introduce BIM. Using survey questionnaire, the approach adopted for this study was quantitative method. Around 180 of the building player respondents were interested in this analysis. Sampling was used where respondents were recommended by experts and experienced company/company contractors. The results concluded that problems and difficulties, and high information technology costs were the top rated and the respondents preferred reduced construction time and expenses as the best options for the possible solutions. From this study, it can be concluded that the respondents of the construction industry are primarily concerned with perception of time, cost and quality related with building projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of solar radiation analysis, the solar study provides results to assist in tracking solar energy throughout the building's design. In this analysis, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is used to evaluate appropriate locations for installing photovoltaic (PV) solar panels at Block A UTHM Campus Pagoh building. These instruments are used to measure and quantify the solar potential of this building accurately. The method demonstrates the largest area of building roofs capable of achieving total solar energy insolation. With different surface areas of the roof, PV solar panels can be determined based on cumulative insolation in every part of the roofs of the case study. With the highest cumulative insolation (CI) of 520 kWh and 0.15 kWh/m2 achieved for Part A, the results help determine PV solar panel installation and propose an accurate simulation input for solar analysis of the case study. This study shows solar analysis using BIM helps determine a proper PV solar panel installation location and enables accurate and efficient simulation input for solar analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a smart building, physical and computational elements such as people, processes and systems are integrated to create an environment that is safe, energy-efficient, comfortable for its occupants. Due to 4th Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), many organizations are taking initiatives to practice and develop smarter solutions to reduce operation cost using building automations and innovations that also brings values to human productivity. The issue of maintenance and management of office building needed to be study to establish the good proposal of smart building solutions (SBS). This research was first determined the people and their responsibilities involving in the building operation of an office building. Multiple process as-is workshop interviews were carried out with building management team and related departments to identify the challenges and issues on maintenance and management issue in office building and their aspiration of modern energy-efficient building. Accordingly, there were 30 respondents from the organization participated in these workshop interviews, 23 type of building operation related processes and 4 main categories of related systems were studied in this research. These data were then analysed by 8 building experts to introduce a set of proposed smart building solutions for improving the building operation management, promote energy-saving in building system and enhance productivity of occupants. Moreover, the benefits of this research are that the proposed building management solutions can be applied to a variety of smart buildings by considering the building's physical models, environmental conditions, comfort specifications, occupants' preferences, and safety in the design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fire risk assessment is a matter of risk identification, risk assessment and risk control. Therefore, it is very important to ensure the safety of the building in good condition throughout the building especially in educational centers office. It is important to identify the fire hazard and the possible fire risk in our building. Thus, some of the case is conducted determine relative risks associated with the nature of the fire hazards that exist in the building in accordance with established standards and guidelines observed by expert panel and through literature review. The final objective of this research is tried to develop a quantitative fire risk assessment model based on collected data in a higher educational center office, Block A1 UTHM Pagoh Campus. The methodology of this study was conducted through two methods which were qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative method is through interviews with BOMBA Pagoh, UTHM Pagoh facility management as well as survey forms distributed to lecturers and students. This surveys data is running by Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Quantitative methods are based on the principles of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and risk matrix. To analyze the data collected, Super Decision software is used where it helps to evaluate the probability of an accident. According to the order of priority, the final score calculated shows the risk assessment of fire safety can be determined based on the sum of the criterion scores. Further studies may be able to analyze the risks associated with the function of maximum fire temperature probability in the compartment in several types of buildings and appropriate measures to assess fire hazard risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pico-hydro system is a renewable energy source which uses a small motor or generator that is connected to turbines to generate electricity without relying on any non-renewable energy sources. The power generated by the pico-hydro system is less than 5 kW. Currently, the distribution of fuel consumption for electricity generation is 44.7% using coal, 42.5% gas-based, 3.7% oil-based, and 5.7% hydro-based. The Malaysian government has set a clear goal and strategy that small hydropower (mini, micro, and pico) will contribute up to 500 MW to the national power grid/electricity generation in 2020. In this study, the model built is the pico-hydro system with the operating system powered by pumps with a 10 W solar panel. The purpose of this study is to build a model of a pico-hydro system as an alternative energy generator, to gauge the energy produced by this pico-hydro model, and to analyse the performance and effectiveness of the pico-hydro system in terms of power and output. Among the tests performed were testing on battery charger controllers and battery charging time rates, water flowrate testing, system efficiency, and relationship analysis between the head height, rotation, and output of power. This model produced the maximum flow of 0.22 A from the generator to the charger controller with a head height of 0.63 m. The hydraulic efficiency test showed that the system had an efficiency percentage of 9.2%. Further studies should be done to improve the efficiency of the system and enhance the energy generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of access security system in University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) in Pagoh branch is literally a research that enclosed to the safety research that involves in the entrance of the buildings to avoid any threats upcoming that can contribute to the loss of property and economic part. University is the place that involves in strong protection of security guided and commonly we all know that this system works 24 hours per day. Thus, we will be found out in this study on how the access security system is working on the campus and what are the implements that they want to obtain from working out this system. The objectives of this project are to determine the type of access security system in UTHM Pagoh campus and to study the user's awareness about the access security system in UTHM Pagoh campus. This research study is completed by applying qualitative of research method to achieve the first objective and using quantitative method which is this project will use the questionnaire to complete and achieve the second objective. These data are then analyzed to exploit with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 19 and Microsoft Excel software. The data will be processed and presented in the form of chart and percentage by using this software. Last but not least, this project will find out the types of access security system available in the campus and to figure the user's awareness of the access security in UTHM Pagoh campus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]