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3. Chandrayaan-3 APXS elemental abundance measurements at lunar high latitude

Author

Vadawale, Santosh V., Mithun, N. P. S., Shanmugam, M., Basu Sarbadhikari, Amit, Sinha, Rishitosh K., Bhatt, Megha, Vijayan, S., Srivastava, Neeraj, Shukla, Anil D., Murty, S. V. S., Bhardwaj, Anil, Acharya, Y. B., Patel, Arpit R., Adalaja, Hiteshkumar L., Vaishnava, C. S., Saiguhan, B. S. Bharath, Singh, Nishant, Kumar, Sushil, Painkra, Deepak Kumar, Srivastava, Yash, Nair, Varsha M., Ladiya, Tinkal, Goyal, Shiv Kumar, Tiwari, Neeraj K., Narendranath, Shyama, Pillai, Netra S., Hait, Arup Kumar, Patinge, Aaditya, Kumar, Abhishek, Satya, Neeraj, Subramanian, Vivek R., Navle, Sonal G., Venkatesh, R. G., Abraham, Lalitha, Suresh, K., and Amitabh

Published
2024
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8. A Simple Attitude Unscented Kalman Filter: Theory and Evaluation in a Magnetometer-Only Spacecraft Scenario

Author

Murty S. Challa, Jay G. Moore, and Daniel J. Rogers

Subjects
attitude control, calibration, geomagnetism, gyroscopes, Kalman filters, spacecraft, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

A quaternion-based attitude unscented Kalman filter is formulated with quaternion errors parameterized by small angle approximations and is applied to a filter with a state vector consisting of the attitude quaternion and the gyro bias vector. The filter is evaluated using extensive Monte Carlo data in a simulated lost-in-space scenario of a low-Earth orbiting spacecraft processing only three-axis magnetometer and gyro measurements. The filter is found to be robust, accurate, and rapidly convergent in this scenario for small true gyro biases and small initial uncertainties in their values, often converging in only one half of an orbit period to an attitude accuracy of 0.1 degrees. The filter convergence is found to depend significantly on the value of the true gyro biases as well as the initial gyro bias covariances. Monte Carlo results also indicate that this unscented Kalman filter is significantly less robust than an extended Kalman filter with the same attitude approach, but performs slightly better than another unscented Kalman filter with a generalized Rodrigues parameter approach to quaternion errors.

Published
2016
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9. Statistical Analysis of Nutrient Loads from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) to the Gulf of Mexico

Author

Phyllis Okwan, Yi Zhen, Huan Feng, Shinjae Yoo, Murty S. Kambhampati, Abreione Walker, Shayne Boykin, Joe Omojola, and Noel Blackburn

Subjects
gulf of mexico, nutrient loads, seasonal variations, water quality, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066
Abstract

This study investigated the annual and seasonal variations in nutrient loads (NO2− + NO3− and orthophosphate) delivered to the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) and examined the water quality variations. The results indicate that (1) annually, the mean NO2− + NO3− and orthophosphate loads showed a steady increase during 1996−1999, a persistent level during 2000−2007, and a moderate increase during 2008−2016; (2) seasonally, NO2− + NO3− and orthophosphate in MARB in spring and summer were higher than those in autumn and winter. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) identified highly significant differences among seasonal loads; and (3) the median value of NO2− + NO3− in normal weather conditions were higher than that during and right after the hurricanes, while the median value of orthophosphate loads in normal weather conditions was higher than that during the hurricanes, but higher than that right after hurricanes. The two-sample t-test indicates a significant difference (p < 0.046) in orthophosphate loads before and after Hurricane Katrina. Moreover, it is found that there is a significant (p < 0.01) increase in nutrient loads during normal weather conditions. The results indicate that hurricane seasons can significantly influence the nutrient loads from the MARB to the Gulf of Mexico.

Published
2020
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21. Bacterial and archaea community present in the Pine Barrens Forest of Long Island, NY: unusually high percentage of ammonia oxidizing bacteria.

Author

Vishal Shah, Shreya Shah, Murty S Kambhampati, Jeffery Ambrose, Nyesha Smith, Scot E Dowd, Kevin T McDonnell, Bishnu Panigrahi, and Timothy Green

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Of the few preserved areas in the northeast of United States, the soil in the Pine Barrens Forests presents a harsh environment for the microorganisms to grow and survive. In the current study we report the use of clustering methods to scientifically select the sampling locations that would represent the entire forest and also report the microbial diversity present in various horizons of the soil. Sixty six sampling locations were selected across the forest and soils were collected from three horizons (sampling depths). The three horizons were 0-10 cm (Horizon O); 11-25 cm (Horizon A) and 26-40 cm (Horizon B). Based on the total microbial substrate utilization pattern and K-means clustering analysis, the soil in the Pine Barrens Forest can be classified into four distinct clusters at each of the three horizons. One soil sample from each of the four clusters were selected and archaeal and bacterial populations within the soil studied using pyrosequencing method. The results show the microbial communities present in each of these clusters are different. Within the microbial communities present, microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycle occupy a major fraction of microbial community in the soil. High level of diversity was observed for nitrogen fixing bacteria. In contrast, Nitrosovibrio and Nitrosocaldus spp are the single bacterial and archaeal population respectively carrying out ammonia oxidation in the soil.

Published
2011
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23. Effect of Hub Clearance on Performance of Radial Turbine

Author

Bharathan, R. D., Manigandan, P., Kapil, Sharad, Ramana Murty, S. V., Kishore Prasad, D., Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Editorial Board Member, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Sivaramakrishna, Gullapalli, editor, Kishore Kumar, S., editor, and Raghunandan, B. N., editor

Published
2023
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32. Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) On-board Chandrayaan-2 Rover -- Pragyan

Author

Shanmugam, M., Vadawale, S. V., Patel, Arpit R., Mithun, N. P. S., Adalaja, Hitesh Kumar, Ladiya, Tinkal, Goyal, Shiv Kumar, Tiwari, Neeraj K., Singh, Nishant, Kumar, Sushil, Painkra, Deepak Kumar, Hait, A. K., Patinge, A., Kumar, Abhishek, Basha, Saleem, Subramanian, Vivek R., Venkatesh, R. G., Prashant, D. B., Navle, Sonal, Acharya, Y. B., Murty, S. V. S., and Bhardwaj, Anil

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) is one of the two scientific experiments on Chandrayaan-2 rover named as Pragyan. The primary scientific objective of APXS is to determine the elemental composition of the lunar surface in the surrounding regions of the landing site. This will be achieved by employing the technique of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy using in-situ excitation source Cm-244 emitting both X-rays and alpha particles. These radiations excite characteristic X-rays of the elements by the processes of particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The characteristic X-rays are detected by the state-of-the-art X-ray detector known as Silicon Drift Detector (SDD), which provides high energy resolution as well as high efficiency in the energy range of 1 to 25 keV. This enables APXS to detect all major rock forming elements such as, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe. The Flight Model (FM) of the APXS payload has been completed and tested for various instrument parameters. The APXS provides energy resolution of 135 eV at 5.9 keV for the detector operating temperature of about -35 deg C. The design details and the performance measurement of APXS are presented in this paper.

Published
2019

38. Effect of Incoming Wakes on Losses of a Low-Pressure Turbine of a Gas Turbine Engine

Author

Tandon, Vishal, Jagadeesh, Gopalan, Ramana Murty, S. V., Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Series Editor, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Series Editor, Trojanowska, Justyna, Series Editor, Kumar, S. Kishore, editor, Narayanaswamy, Indira, editor, and Ramesh, V., editor

Published
2021
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41. Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer onboard Chandrayaan-2 Rover

Author

Shanmugam, M., Vadawale, S. V., Patel, Arpit R., Mithun, N. P. S., Adalaja, Hitesh Kumar, Ladiya, Tinkal, Goyal, Shiv Kumar, Tiwari, Neeraj K., Singh, Nishant, Kumar, Sushil, Painkra, Deepak Kumar, Hait, A. K., Patinge, A., Kumar, Abhishek, Basha, Saleem, Subramanian, Vivek R., Venkatesh, R. G., Prashant, D. B., Navle, Sonal, Acharya, Y. B., Murty, S. V. S., and Bhardwaj, Anil

Published
2020

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