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Communicating to patients the magnitude of risk related to ionizing radiation exposure is problematic because of the uncertainty in estimates derived principally from epidemiological studies of large populations [1-6]. Euratom directive 59/2013 requires that dose bill will be part of the radiological report in European Countries [7]. However, how a risk is framed has a profound effect on risk perception. To date, no previous studies evaluated which could be the best way to make patient friendly dose bill. Our aim was to evaluate patients' perception of radiation exposure related to routine CT and their understanding after dose bill.

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Use of computed tomography (CT) has increased dramatically since its inception in 1970; for this reason in the last decades exposure to ionizing radiations in CT has constantly increased [1,2]. Most authors agree that patients should receive...

Provide basic key-points to evaluate placement of umbilical venous catheters (UVC) using a simplified flow-chart in resident radiologist.

The CT-v can therefore be considered an effective method as an aid in the autopsy evaluation of individuals who died for various causes; in particular, in the case of deaths due to accidental falls from high altitudes, is able to identify the primary cause of death and all the epiphenomena due to precipitation.

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To illustrate the potential of CT-virtopsy (CT-v) as a valid help in post-mortem evaluation in gunshot-dead people. To explain as it can support, complete and, in some special cases, be a substitute of body-opening autopsy. To stress its role in...

Background: Umbilical Venous Catheter (UVC) are commonly used in neonatal period; they can be not correctly positioned and could be associated with complications. The purpose of this article is to suggest a flow-chart to evaluate the placement of UVC, testing it in young radiologists-in-training. Method: We developed a simple flow-chart to asses, steps by step, UVC placement considering its course and tip location (ideally placed in the atriocaval junction). We tested the flow-chart impact asking to 20 residents to evaluate the placement of 10 UVC before and after they familiarized with the flow-chart and the anatomical findings of a newborn. The agreement among the 20 students was evaluated too. Results: The number of correct characterizations was different due to the administration of the flow-chart. One hundred and six correct UVC assessments at the beginning switched to 196 after the administration of the flow-chart (p=0.0001). The observed agreement among the twenty radiology residents was statistically significant, both before (kappa=0.41, p&nbsp

Cranial meningocele is a very rare variant of encephalocele. Meningocele can be associated with other disorders and may cause complications. Therapy is usually based on surgical treatment. To our knowledge, we describe the first case of spontaneous resorption of an occipital meningocele in a full-term newborn boy. A full-term newborn was noted to have a large non-skin covered, semitransparent cystic lump in the occipital bone. He underwent computed tomography and a diagnosis of meningocele was proposed. After a few hours, the cystic lump spontaneously readsorbed. After 1 week the patient underwent magnetic resonance. Histology confirmed the diagnosis.

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Isolated cecal necrosis is a rare entity with high mortality. There are not many cases described in radiology literature; we want to explain the main CT findings to recognize this...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: The hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease mainly caused by Echinococcus granulosus. One of the most frequent complications of hepatic hydatid disease is rupture of cysts into the bile ducts, but only a few case reports to our knowledge described MRCP...

Describe the main CT and MRI findings of intraluminal pedicled intestinal lipomas (LIPI).

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: We expose the principal imaging findings of aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM), an unusual pelvic mass, in order to reach, whenever possible, the appropriate...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: We tried in young resident radiologist the impact of a simplified flow-chart (Fig.1) for evaluating umbilical venous catheters (UVC)...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To optimize small-bowel MR protocols; to describe the most important findings in Crohn’s disease...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: We expose the principal imaging characteristics of splenic granulomatosis, in order to interpret the findings correctly, reaching whenever possible the appropriate...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To perform a retrospective evaluation of patients with primary presbyphagia, not related to other comorbidities, who undergone videofluoroscopy swallow study (VFSS) over a period of 10 years (2004-2013). To assess presbyesophagus...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Bleeding into the biliary tree or hemobilia is a rare cause for upper gastro-intestinal bleeding that was first described by Francis Glison in 1654 [1]. Most commonly hemobilia is the result of trauma or investigatory interventions but...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To describe the changes observed in contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the event of regression of benign hepatic lesions, such as focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) To speculate on the possible...

Expert Systems can integrate logic based often on computational intelligence methods and they are used in complex problem solving. In this work an Expert System for classifying liver iron concentration in thalassemic patients is presented. In this work, an ANN is used to validate the output of the L.I.O.MO.T (Liver Iron Overload Monitoring in Thalassemia) method against the output of the state-of-the-art method based on MRI T2 assessment for liver iron concentration. The model has been validated with a dataset of 200 samples. The experimental Mean Squared Error results and Correlation show interesting performances. The proposed algorithm has been developed as a plug in for OsiriX Dicom Viewer.