1. Receding ice drove parallel expansions in Southern Ocean penguins
- Author
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Tom Hart, Adrian Smith, Juliana A. Vianna, Jonathan M. Waters, Thomas Mattern, Theresa L. Cole, Petra Quillfeldt, Gemma V. Clucas, Peter G. Ryan, Jane L. Younger, Alana Alexander, Barbara Wienecke, Colin M. Miskelly, Michael J. Polito, María José Frugone, Gary Miller, Paul M. Nolan, Yves Cherel, Ludovic Dutoit, Richard J. Cuthbert, Steven R. Fiddaman, Nicolas Dussex, Ursula Ellenberg, Pierre Jouventin, David R. Thompson, David M. Houston, Johanna Hiscock, Alan J. D. Tennyson, Department of Zoology, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics [Stockholm, Sweden], Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Department of Zoology [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Anatomy [Dunedin, New Zealand], Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath [Bath], Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future and Cornell Lab of Ornithology [USA], Cornell University, Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas [Chile], Universidad de Chile, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Global Penguin Society and Department of Ecology [Australia], La Trobe University [Melbourne], Department of Zoology, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research [UK], Department of Conservation [Invercargill, New Zealand], Murikihu District Office, Biodiversity Group, Department of Conservation [New Zealand], Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine [Australia], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Museum of New Zealand - Te Papa Tongarewa, Department of Biology, The Citadel [Charleston, UK], Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU), Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence-University of Cape Town, National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd [New Zealand], Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente [Chile], Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Cornell University [New York], Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), University of Cape Town-DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Population ,Climate change ,Refugia ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,Sea ice ,14. Life underwater ,General ,education ,geography ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Last Glacial Maximum ,biology ,Aptenodytes ,Oceanic climate ,Genomics ,Biological Sciences ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Pygoscelis ,030104 developmental biology ,Oceanography ,Habitat ,13. Climate action ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Sphenisciformes - Abstract
Climate shifts are key drivers of ecosystem change. Despite the critical importance of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean for global climate, the extent of climate-driven ecological change in this region remains controversial. In particular, the biological effects of changing sea ice conditions are poorly understood. We hypothesize that rapid postglacial reductions in sea ice drove biological shifts across multiple widespread Southern Ocean species. We test for demographic shifts driven by climate events over recent millennia by analyzing population genomic datasets spanning 3 penguin genera ( Eudyptes , Pygoscelis , and Aptenodytes ). Demographic analyses for multiple species (macaroni/royal, eastern rockhopper, Adélie, gentoo, king, and emperor) currently inhabiting southern coastlines affected by heavy sea ice conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) yielded genetic signatures of near-simultaneous population expansions associated with postglacial warming. Populations of the ice-adapted emperor penguin are inferred to have expanded slightly earlier than those of species requiring ice-free terrain. These concerted high-latitude expansion events contrast with relatively stable or declining demographic histories inferred for 4 penguin species (northern rockhopper, western rockhopper, Fiordland crested, and Snares crested) that apparently persisted throughout the LGM in ice-free habitats. Limited genetic structure detected in all ice-affected species across the vast Southern Ocean may reflect both rapid postglacial colonization of subantarctic and Antarctic shores, in addition to recent genetic exchange among populations. Together, these analyses highlight dramatic, ecosystem-wide responses to past Southern Ocean climate change and suggest potential for further shifts as warming continues.
- Published
- 2019
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