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Background: Introduction: Prehabilitation in the field of oncology has been defined as "the process in the continuum of care that occurs between diagnosis and the start of treatment involving physical and psychological measures that determine the patient's baseline functional status." Aim: To determine the effectiveness of a Prehabilitation consultation on self-care and targeted physical exercise for patients diagnosed with abdominopelvic cancer. Design: An observational study that will evaluate the pre-post efficacy of an ad-hoc designed Prehabilitation intervention. The study population consists of patients diagnosed with colon or gynecological cancer with a surgical indication as part of their therapeutic plan from the General Surgery Services. It is configured around four key interventions: (a) health education and self-care, (b) specific nutritional counseling, (c) initial psychological assessment, and (d) directed physical exercise intervention. Health education, self-care interventions, and physical exercise will be carried out weekly from diagnosis to the scheduled surgery day. Results: Aspects such as self-care capacity or agency, perioperative anxiety, aerobic capacity, strength and flexibility, postoperative complications, and recovery time to adjuvant treatment will be measured using tools such as Appraisal of self-care agency scale (ASA), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), walking test, sit and Reach, Hand Grip or Squad Jump. Conclusion: Utilizing validated tools for analyzing selected variables will contribute to refining and expanding care guidelines, ultimately enhancing support for both patients and their caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exosomes or small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) represent a pivotal component in intercellular communication, carrying a diverse array of biomolecules. Several factors can affect sEVs release dynamics, as occurs in hyperglycemia or inflammation. In fact, sEVs release has been associated with the promotion of physio-pathological processes. Among the sEVs cargo, microRNAs play an essential role in cell-to-cell regulation. More concretely, miR-205-5p is related to angiogenesis and cell proliferation. The aim of this study is to understand the specific role of sEVs containing miR-205-5p under high glucose conditions. ARPE-19 cells were cultured with high glucose (HG) for 5 days. sEVs were isolated and characterized. sEVs from ARPE-19 were used for angiogenesis and cell proliferation. HG increased sEVs release but downregulated miR-205-5p cargo expression compared to the control. sEVs from HG-treated ARPE-19 cells promoted tube formation and migration processes. In contrast, miR-205-5p overexpression (by mimic transfection) decreased angiogenesis and cell migration. Our results demonstrate how ARPE-19 cells respond to HG challenge by increasing sEVs with weak miR-205-5p cargo. The absence of this miRNA in sEVs is enough to promote angiogenesis. In contrast, restoring sEVs-miR-205-5p levels decreased it. These findings open new possibilities in sEVs-based therapies containing miR-205-5p against angiogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Cocaine abuse is a major public health problem with multiple-related complications. Indeed, cocaine can affect almost every organ of the human body, but little is known about its effects on the visual system. The main purpose of this work was to study if topiramate was able to reverse changes in retinal metabolism and retinal function induced by chronic cocaine exposure in adult rats. Materials and methods: Sixteen Wistar rats were treated with a daily oral dose of cocaine during 36 days. Sixteen rats receiving NaCl 0.9% served as controls. Eight control and eight cocaine animals were administered topiramate from day 18 to day 36 of the experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and glutamate content, as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in retina tissue homogenates were determined. Retinal function was assessed by electroretinogram (ERG). Results: Glutamate concentration was increased in the retinas of cocaine-treated rats. No changes in oxidative stress parameters were observed in the retinas of cocaine-treated rats when compared with the control ones. Cocaine induced a decrease in the a-wave and b-wave ERG amplitude. The administration of topiramate reversed cocaine-induced increase in glutamate concentration and had little effect on a-wave and b-wave ERG amplitude. Topiramate, a drug used during the last decade for the treatment of epileptic seizures, is able to reverse the cocaine-induced alterations observed in retinal glutamate concentration. Conclusions: We can conclude that retinal glutamate metabolism and function may be affected by exposure to cocaine. We confirm that topiramate, a treatment recently proposed for cocaine dependence, is also able to recover partially cocaine-induced changes in the retina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mastitis is the inflammation of one or several mammal lobes which can be accompanied by a mammary gland infection, and is the leading cause of undesired early weaning in humans. However, little information exists regarding the changes that this disease may induce in the biochemical composition of human milk, especially in terms of oxidative status. Given that newborns are subject to a significant increase in total ROS burden in their transition to neonatal life and that their antioxidant defense system is not completely developed, the aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant defense (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total polyphenol content (TPP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) in milk samples from mothers suffering from mastitis and controls. We also measured the oxidative damage to lipids (malondyaldehyde (MDA)) and proteins (carbonyl group content (CGC)) in these samples. Finally, we tested whether dietary supplementation with cranberries (a product rich in antioxidants) in these breastfeeding mothers during 21 days could improve the oxidative status of milk. GPx activity, TPP, and TAC were increased in milk samples from mastitis-affected women, providing a protective mechanism to the newborn drinking mastitis milk. MDA concentrations were diminished in the mastitis group, confirming this proposal. Some oxidative damage might occur in the mammary gland since the CGC was increased in mastitis milk. Cranberries supplementation seems to strengthen the antioxidant system, further improving the antioxidative state of milk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When breast milk extraction and storage is required before ingestion, it is important to establish the conditions that ensure the least losses in milk quality, like the antioxidant capacity. The present study evaluates glutathione peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde concentration of breast milk when stored frozen, comparing the effects of 2 temperatures (-20 degrees C and -80 degrees C) and different storage times (15, 30, and 60 days). The results indicate that freezing induces losses in the antioxidant properties of breast milk and that such losses increase with the duration of storage and differ in intensity according to the temperature. It is concluded that to maximally preserve the antioxidant properties of breast milk, it is advisable to store the latter at -80 degrees C for a period of less than 30 days, rather than for shorter time periods at the usual temperature of -20 degrees C.