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We aimed to investigate the positive or negative biological effects of Microwave (MW) exposure on rat femur by morphometric analysis and biomechanical test methods. 22 adult rats were separated into two groups: Group first was used as the control group and the second group of rats was used as a study group which was subjected with 2.45 GHz MW frequency for two hours a day for 21 days. Both groups were sacrificed for morphometric and biomechanical evaluation at the end of 21 days. Morphometric properties were measured using Stereo investigator analyzing system programs. In biomechanical measurements, the femurs of control and exposed group rats were evaluated by intrinsic and extrinsic biomechanics properties. Biomechanical measurements were performed from the left femur mid-diaphysis using a three-point bending test. In the morphometrically measurements, significant differences were statistically found (p [Med-Science 2022; 11(2.000): 869-76]

Aim: The aim of this study was postnatal investigation of morphometric features of Bursa fabricius in Turkey by using scanning electron microscope and light microscope. Materials and Methods: One 1-24 week old 50 turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) were used. Their Bursa fabriciuses were taken out after the necropsy and weighted. Tissues were fixed with glutaraldehyde, examined and photographed under scanning electron microscope. For histological examination, tissues were prepared using routine histologic methods and stained with Mallory's triple and Hematoxylen-Eosine. Results: The morphometric data concerning turkey ducklings used in the study showed that Bursa fabricius reaches its maximum size at the 9th week. The decrease in the weight of Bursa fabricius following the week of 9 proved that involution session in the turkey begins after that period. On the investigation performed by means of scanning electron microscopy, dome shaped surface epithelium which covers subepithelial lymph follicles on the surface was determined to be most clear in the 5th and 9th weeks. There was a distinct irregularity of this appearance in the following weeks (13th and 24th). Conclusion: It was concluded that the results may contribute to the researches which relate to humoral immunity formation and effectiveness of vaccination programme.

Aim: This research was carried out to investigate the lumbar and the sacral plexuses of the Common Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) is the native bird. Materials and Methods: In the study, 5 female and 5 male pheasants were used. Pheasants were examined macroscopically and morphologically by routine fixation (10% formalin) and dissection method. Nomina Anatomica Avium (1993) was used to avoid confusion arising from naming in the study. Results: The synsacral spinal segments were examined as a whole due to the presence of synsacrum, when examining the plexus lumbalis and plexus sacralis. Generally, it was observed that the plexus lumbalis was shaped by the ventral branches of the 2-4th synsacral spinal nerves. Plexus sacralis was observed to be in the caudal of the plexus lumbalis and it was determined that it consisted of the ventral branches of the 4-8th synsacral spinal segments. Conclusion: As a result, the synsacral spinal nerves involved in the formation of the plexus lumbalis and plexus sacralis in the Common Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and the nerves emerging from these plexuses were examined in detail. Similarities and differences between avian species were revealed.

Taxidermy is one of the preservation techniques for mummification for centuries. In the present case, frozen taxidermy was performed on the calf with ichthyosis foetalis that is not a common disease in our country. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate this simple and inexpensive technique is able to use to preserve dermatopathic bodies. The calf with ichthyosis foetalis was prepared for dehydration and saved in the cold weather at -5 0C store for six months. After the taxidermy was thawed at room temperature, it was investigated for histo-pathologically and microbiologically. Finally, the disappeared hyperaemic areas were stained to imitate post-mortem appearance. The results revealed that hyperaemic areas were disappeared after frozen taxidermy and the skin was become though like a bark and its appearance was natural. The microbiological results showed that there was no pathogenic bacterial growth except for a few saprophyte bacilli. It is concluded that didactical embalming could be performed to demonstrate dermatophaties with the technique that does not require any chemical application.