102 results on '"Muraro, Andrea"'
Search Results
2. RFX-mod2 diagnostic capability enhancements for the exploration of multi-magnetic-configurations
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Carraro, Lorella, primary, Zuin, Matteo, additional, Abate, Domenico, additional, Agostinetti, Piero, additional, Agostini, Matteo, additional, Aprile, Daniele, additional, Barbisan, Marco, additional, Belpane, Andrea, additional, Berton, Giovanni, additional, Bonotto, Matteo, additional, Brombin, Matteo, additional, Cavazzana, Roberto, additional, Cinnirella, Luca, additional, Ciufo, Stefano, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Cordaro, Luigi, additional, D'Isa, Federico, additional, Dal Bello, Samuele, additional, Dal Molin, Andrea, additional, De Masi, Gianluca, additional, Emma, Giulia, additional, Fadone, Michele, additional, Fassina, Alessandro, additional, Fiorucci, Donatella, additional, Franz, Paolo, additional, Grando, Luca, additional, Guiotto, Federico, additional, La Matina, Mirian, additional, Marchiori, Giuseppe, additional, Marconato, Nicolo, additional, Mario, Isabella, additional, Marrelli, Lionello, additional, Milazzo, Ruggero, additional, Molisani, Sara, additional, Moresco, Maurizio, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Peruzzo, Simone, additional, Porcu, Pasquale, additional, Pomaro, Nicola, additional, Puiatti, Maria Ester, additional, Putignano, Oscar, additional, Rigamonti, Davide, additional, Rigoni, Andrea, additional, Rizzolo, Andrea, additional, Ruffini, Federico, additional, Scarin, Paolo, additional, Spagnolo, Silvia, additional, Spolaore, Monica, additional, Taliercio, Cesare, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Terranova, David, additional, Ugoletti, Margherita, additional, Valisa, Marco, additional, Vianello, Nicola, additional, and Zaniol, Barbara, additional
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- 2024
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3. Investigation on the performance of a thick ceramic gas electron multiplier
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Hu, Zhimeng, Muraro, Andrea, Gorini, Giuseppe, McCormack, Oisin, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, Tardocchi, Marco, Sun, Zhijia, Zhou, Xiaojuan, Zhou, Jianrong, Xie, Yuguang, Chen, Yuanbo, Zhang, Hui, Fan, Tieshuan, and Croci, Gabriele
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- 2022
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4. Interpretation of effective gain variations with the drift electric field for a ceramic thick gas electron multiplier
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Hu, Zhimeng, Muraro, Andrea, Croci, Gabriele, McCormack, Oisin, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, Tardocchi, Marco, Zhou, Xiaojuan, Sun, Zhijia, Zhou, Jianrong, Xie, Yuguang, Chen, Yuanbo, Fan, Tieshuan, and Gorini, Giuseppe
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- 2021
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5. High-rate measurements of the novel BAND-GEM technology for thermal neutron detection at spallation sources
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Albani, Giorgia, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Hall-Wilton, Richard, Höglund, Carina, Menelle, Alain, Grosso, Giovanni, Murtas, Fabrizio, Rebai, Marica, Robinson, Linda, Schmidt, Susann, Svensson, Per-Olof, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe
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- 2020
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6. The single crystal diamond-based diagnostic suite of the JET tokamak for 14 MeV neutron counting and spectroscopy measurements in DT plasmas
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Rigamonti, Davide, primary, Dal Molin, Andrea, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Giacomelli, Luca, additional, Gorini, Giuseppe, additional, Nocente, Massimo, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Conroy, Sean, additional, Ericsson, Goran, additional, Eriksson, Jacob, additional, Kiptily, Vasily, additional, Ghani, Zamir, additional, Štancar, Žiga, additional, and Tardocchi, Marco, additional
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- 2023
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7. Development of a data analysis software for the XR-GEM installed at HVPTF and preliminary results
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Caruggi, Federico, primary, Croci, Gabriele, additional, De Lorenzi, Antonio, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Guiotto, Federico, additional, Kushoro, Matteo Hakeem, additional, Lotto, Luca, additional, Mario, Isabella, additional, Celora, Agostino, additional, Pilan, Nicola, additional, Spagnolo, Silvia, additional, and Muraro, Andrea, additional
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- 2023
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8. X-ray Micro-Discharges Fine Dynamics in a Vacuum High Voltage Experiment
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Spagnolo, Silvia, primary, Cordaro, Luigi, additional, Patton, Tommaso, additional, Pilan, Nicola, additional, Lorenzi, Antonio De, additional, Fontana, Cristiano L., additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Pino, Felix, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Rigamonti, Davide, additional, Fincato, Michele, additional, Lotto, Luca, additional, Mario, Isabella, additional, Martines, Emilio, additional, Spada, Emanuele, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Zuin, Matteo, additional
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- 2023
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9. Role of Electron Stimulated Desorption in the Initiation of Hvdc Vacuum Arc
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Pilan, Nicola, primary, Agostini, Matteo, additional, Caruggi, Federico, additional, Chitarin, Giuseppe, additional, Cordaro, Luigi, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Deambrosis, Silvia Maria, additional, Fincato, Michele, additional, Franchin, Luca, additional, Guoitto, Federico, additional, Lotto, Luca, additional, Marconato, Nicolò, additional, Mario, Isabella, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Patton, Tommaso, additional, Pino, Felix, additional, Spada, Emanuele, additional, Serianni, Gianluigi, additional, Spagnolo, Silvia, additional, and De Lorenzi, Antonio, additional
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- 2023
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10. First boundary electrical feedthroughs for the heating neutral beams injectors of ITER
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Delmas, Etienne, Boilson, Deirdre, Choi, Chang-Hwan, Palma, Mauro Dalla, Decamps, Hans, Graceffa, Joseph, Iseli, Markus, Masiello, Antonio, Micó-Montava, Gonzalo, Muraro, Andrea, Roux, Kevin, Sartori, Emanuele, Shah, Darshan, Svensson, Lennart, and Valente, Matteo
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- 2015
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11. I-BAND-GEM: a new way for improving BAND-GEM efficiency to thermal and cold neutrons
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Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Grosso, Giovanni, Höglund, Carina, Hall-Wilton, Richard, Murtas, Fabrizio, Raspino, Davide, Robinson, Linda, Rhodes, Nigel, Rebai, Marica, Schooneveld, Erik, Defendi, Ilario, Zeitelhack, Karl, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe
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- 2019
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12. Thermal neutron cross sections of amino acids from average contributions of functional groups
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Romanelli, Giovanni, primary, Onorati, Dalila, additional, Ulpiani, Pierfrancesco, additional, Cancelli, Stephanie, additional, Perelli-Cippo, Enrico, additional, Márquez Damián, José Ignacio, additional, Capelli, Silvia C, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Gorini, Giuseppe, additional, Andreani, Carla, additional, and Senesi, Roberto, additional
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- 2021
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13. Measurement of the thickness of B4C layers deposited over metallic grids via multi-angle neutron radiography
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Vitucci, G, Minniti, T, Angella, G, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Höglund, C, Lai, C, Perelli Cippo, E, Albani, G, Hall-Wilton, R, Robinson, L, Grosso, G, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, Vitucci, Giuseppe, Minniti, Triestino, ANGELLA, GIULIANO, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Höglund, Carina, Lai, Chung-Chuan, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Albani, Giorgia, Hall-Wilton, Richard John, Robinson, Linda, Grosso, Giovanni, Tardocchi, Marco, Gorini, Giuseppe, Vitucci, G, Minniti, T, Angella, G, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Höglund, C, Lai, C, Perelli Cippo, E, Albani, G, Hall-Wilton, R, Robinson, L, Grosso, G, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, Vitucci, Giuseppe, Minniti, Triestino, ANGELLA, GIULIANO, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Höglund, Carina, Lai, Chung-Chuan, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Albani, Giorgia, Hall-Wilton, Richard John, Robinson, Linda, Grosso, Giovanni, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe
- Abstract
At the present time, different kinds of thermal neutron detectors are under development at the European Spallation Source research facility, in order to overcome the well-known problem of the 3 He shortage. One of these new systems relies on the use of a 3D neutron converter cathode that consists of a stack of aluminum grids, covered by a 0.9 µm 10 B enriched boron carbide layer ( 10 B 4 C). As the conversion efficiency is a function of the boron thickness and the mean free path of the charged particles produced in the neutron induced reaction, the characterization of the boron carbide layer uniformity over the grids becomes crucial. In this work, a non-destructive method to map the thickness distribution of the converter layer over the grids is shown. The measurements exploit the white-beam neutron radiography technique where the specimen is irradiated at different angles. This experiment has been performed at the IMAT beamline operating at the ISIS spallation neutron source (UK). The results confirm that this non-destructive, wide-ranging technique allows a reliable and fast sample characterization and that it may be exploited in similar analyses where equivalent requirements are requested.
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- 2019
14. GEM based detectors for fast and thermal neutrons
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MURARO, ANDREA, Muraro, A, and TARDOCCHI, MARCO
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fusion ,GEM ,neutron ,FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE ,detector ,spallation - Abstract
Questa tesi di dottorato riguarda lo sviluppo di rivelatori GEM per neutroni veloci e termici. Il primo rivelatore sviluppato durante l’attivià di dottorato è stato un rivelatore a tripla GEM accoppiato ad un catodo convertitore tridimensionale ricoperto di 10B4C sviluppato per la rilevazione di neutroni termici con un alta efficienza, una buona risoluzione spaziale a capace di operare ad alti ratei di conteggio. Tale rivelatore viene chiamato BANDGEM ed utilizza la reazione nucleare 10B(n,α)7Li per converire i neutroni termici in particelle cariche. Durante il mio PhD sono stati sviluppati 3 prototipi di BANDGEM detector, con il fine di ottimizzare la geometria del catodo convertitore. I vari prototpipi sono stati testati utilizzando fasci di neutroni presso la beam line EMMA ad ISIS (UK), presso il reattore ORPHEE a Saclay (Francia) e presso la beam line TREFF al reattore FRMII (Monaco). L’ultimo prototipo sviluppato ha presentato un’efficienza pari al 45% per neutroni da 4 Å, una risoluzione spaziale (FWHM) di circa 6 mm ed è in grado di sostenere reatei superiori a 1 MHz/cm2. Tali caratteristiche rendono il BANDGEM un possibile candidato per costituire il sistema di rivelatori di LoKI, uno strumento di tipo SANS in fase di costruzione presso la Europeean Spallation Source (ESS). Il secondo detector sviluppato è una triplaGEM accoppiata an un convertitore plastico. Tale rivelatore dovrà fornire la mappa di intensità dei neutroni emessi dalla superficie del “beam dump” dei prototipi di NBI per ITER in fase di costruzione a Padova presso il Consorzio RFX. Tali prototipi sono SPIDER, un iniettore in scala ridotta in cui un fascio di deuteroni verrà accelerato fino a 100 keV, e MITICA, un iniettore in scala 1:1 per ITER in cui un fascio di deuterio verrà accelerato fino a 1MeV. Il sistema diagnostico descritto nella tesi è chiamato CNESM (Close Contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping) e verrà installato sul beam dump di SPIDER. Il beam dump di SPIDER è composto da due pannelli raffreddati attivamente (il materiale utilizzato per la realizzazione dei pannelli è una lega di CuCrZr), i quali hanno il compito di bloccare il fascio di ioni. Durante le operazioni in deuterio, un elevato numero di neutroni veloci (En=2.45 MeV) verranno prodotti sulla superficie del beam dump a causa delle reazioni di fusione nucleare tra il deuterio energetico del beam e il deuterio precedentemente depositato sul beam dump. Il detector utilizzato del sistema diagnostico CNESM è chiamato nGEM, ed è costituito da un rivelatore tripla GEM accoppiato ad un convertitore di polipropilene spesso 2 mm che converte i neutroni incidenti in protoni. Lo strato di polipropilene è seguito da un sottile strato di alluminio (50 µm) utilizzato per fermare tutti i protoni emessi ad un angolo superiore a 40° rispetto alla direzione definita dalla normale alla superficie del catodo. Il rivelatore nGEM è installato nel retro del beam dump, ad una distanza di 30 mm della superficie di emissione dei neutroni. Nella tesi viene descritto lo sviluppo del design del rivelatore nGEM ed i test effettuati. La risposta direzionale del rivelatore è stata testata al Frascati Neutron Generator (FNG) mentre l’uniformità di risposta e la sensititivà del rivelatore ai raggi gamma sono state testate presso la beam line ROTAX ad ISIS. Infine nella tesi viene presentato il lavoro ingegneristico fatto per l’integrazione del sistema all’interno del vacuum vessel di SPIDER. This PhD thesis concerns the development of GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) based detectors for fast and thermal neutrons. The first detector developed during my PhD, is a tripleGEM equipped with a three-dimensional cathode (3D-C) coated with 10B4C, designed to detect thermal neutrons with a good efficiency, good spatial resolution and able to sustain the high rate foreseen in the new neutron spallation sources actually under construction, such as the European Spallation Source (ESS). The developed detector is called BANDGEM (Boron Array Neutron Detector) and exploits the 10B(n,α)7Li nuclear reaction to convert the thermal neutrons into secondary charged particles. During my PhD, a series of BANDGEM prototypes were developed based on a series of numerical simulations whose goal was the optimization of the 3D-C geometry. The prototypes were tested under neutron irradiation at the EMMA beam line at ISIS (UK), at the ORPHEE reactor in Saclay (France), and finally at the TREFF beam line at the FRMII reactor (Munich). The last BAND-GEM prototype has an efficiency of about 45% at 4 Å, a spatial resolution of about 6 mm and is able to sustain rate in excess of 1 MHz/cm2. These features make it an attractive candidate for installation - after further optimization - on LoKI, a Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) instrument actually under construction at ESS. In this thesis I present the design for the realization of a full-scale detector for LoKI. The second detector developed during my PhD is a tripleGEM equipped with a plastic converter cathode (nGEM) that will be able to provide the neutron intensity map of the neutron emitted from the beam dump surface of the two NBI (Neutral Beam Injector) prototypes for ITER under development in Padova (Italy) at Consorzio RFX, in the framework of the PRIMA project. The ITER neutral beam test facility (PRIMA) will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 keV negative hydrogen/deuterium beam, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam. The diagnostic system developed in this thesis is called CNESM (acronym for Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping) and it is a neutron diagnostic installed in the SPIDER beam dump. The SPIDER beam dump is two rectangular panels (made of CuCrZr-alloy, with an elemental composition of about 99% Cu) water-cooled with the hypervapotrons technique, that are used to stop the incoming beam. During deuterium operation, a significant amount of fast neutrons (En≈2.45MeV) will be produced due to the fusion reactions between the incoming deuterons of the beam and the deuterons previously implanted on the beam dump surface. The detector used by the CNESM diagnostic system is called nGEM and its heart is constituted by a tripleGEM equipped with a cathode composed of a polypropylene layer (2mm thick) that serves as neutron-proton converter followed by an aluminium layer (50 µm thick) that is used to stop all protons emitted from the polypropylene at an angle higher than 40° relative to the normal to the cathode surface. The nGEM is installed on the back of the beam dump and its cathode is positioned at about 30 mm from the beam dump front surface. The small distance of the detector from the neutron source (the beam dump surface), together with the presence of the Al foil, improves the spatial resolution of the detector, that will be able to provide the neutron intensity map with a spatial resolution approaching the size of the single SPIDER beamlet (40x22 mm2). This thesis describes the nGEM detector development and tests. The directional response of the detector to neutrons was verified at FNG (Frascati Neutron Generator). The uniformity, stability and the gamma background rejection capabilities of the detector were tested at the ROTAX beam line at ISIS (UK). Also the engineering design for the integration of the CNESM diagnostic system inside the SPIDER vacuum vessel is presented in the thesis.
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- 2018
15. The CNESM neutron imaging diagnostic for SPIDER beam source
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Croci Gabriele, Muraro Andrea, Grosso Giovanni, Pasqualotto Roberto, Cavenago Marco, Cervaro Vannino, Dalla Palma Mauro, Fincato Michele, Franchin Luca, Murtas Fabrizio, Perelli Cippo Enrico, Rebai Marica, Tollin Marco, Tardocchi Marco, and Gorini Giuseppe
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CNESM neutron imaging diagnostic ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,ITER ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,CNESM ,Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping ,SPIDER - Abstract
The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative H/D RF source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1MeV deuterium beam injector. A detection system called Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping (CNESM) is under development with the aim to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile in MITICA and one of the eight beamlet groups in SPIDER, with a spatial resolution of 3 and 5 cm2 respectively. This is achieved by the evaluation of the map of the neutron emission due to interaction of the deuterium beam with the deuterons implanted in the beam dump surface. CNESM uses nGEM detectors, i.e. GEM detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The diagnostic will be placed right behind the SPIDER and MITICA beam dump, i.e. in an UHV environment, but the nGEM detectors need to operate at atmospheric pressure, so to contain the detector a vacuum sealed box has been designed to be installed inside the vacuum vessel and at atmospheric pressure inside. The box design was driven by the need to minimize the neutron attenuation and the distance between the beam dump surface and the detector active area. This paper presents the status of the CNSESM diagnostics. It describes the detector box and the different phases followed during the installation of the diagnostic on the SPIDER beam dump. Also the general layout of the diagnostic as part of the SPIDER experiment will be discussed. Finally the preliminary design of MITICA CNESM diagnostic will be introduced. This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of Fusion for Energy.
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- 2018
16. Development of the BAND-GEM detector solution for SANS experiments
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Croci, Gabriele, primary, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Albani, Giorgia, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Birch, Jens, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Hultman, Lars, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Llamas-Jansa, Isabel, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional
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- 2019
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17. ESQUEMAS DE LEITURA
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Muraro, Andrea Cristina, primary
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- 2019
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18. A high-efficiency thermal neutron detector based on thin 3D 10 B 4 C converters for high-rate applications
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Croci, Gabriele, primary, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Albani, Giorgia, additional, Angella, Giuliano, additional, Defendi, Ilario, additional, Hall-Wilton, Richard, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Raspino, Davide, additional, Rhodes, Nigel, additional, Robinson, Linda, additional, Schmidt, Susan, additional, Schooneveld, Erik, additional, Zeitelhack, Karl, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional
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- 2018
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19. Performance of the high-efficiency thermal neutron BAND-GEM detector
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Muraro, Andrea, Croci, Gabriele, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, Grosso, Giovanni, Höglund, Carina, Albani, Giorgia, Hall-Wilton, Richard, Kanaki, Kalliopi, Murtas, Fabrizio, Raspino, Davide, Robinson, Linda, Rodhes, Nigel, Rebai, Marica, Schmidt, Susann, Schooneveld, Erik, Tardocchi, Marco, Gorini, Giuseppe, Muraro, Andrea, Croci, Gabriele, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, Grosso, Giovanni, Höglund, Carina, Albani, Giorgia, Hall-Wilton, Richard, Kanaki, Kalliopi, Murtas, Fabrizio, Raspino, Davide, Robinson, Linda, Rodhes, Nigel, Rebai, Marica, Schmidt, Susann, Schooneveld, Erik, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe
- Abstract
Newhigh-count-rate detectors are required for future spallation neutron sources where large-area and high-efficiency (>50%) detectors are envisaged. In this framework, Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) is one of the detector technologies being explored, since it features good spatial resolution (<0.5 cm) and timing properties, has excellent rate capability (MHz/mm(2)) and can cover large areas (some m(2)) at low cost. In the BAND-GEM (boron array neutron detector GEM) approach a 3D geometry for the neutron converter cathode was developed that is expected to provide an efficiency >30% in thewavelength range of interest for small angle neutron scattering instruments. A system of aluminum grids with thin walls coated with a 0.59 mu m layer of (B4C)-B-10 has been built and positioned in the first detector gap, orthogonally to the cathode. By tilting the grid system with respect to the beam, there is a significant increase of effective thickness of the borated material crossed by the neutrons. As a consequence, both interaction probability and detection efficiency are increased. This paper presents the results of the performance of the BAND-GEM detector in terms of efficiency and spatial resolution.
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- 2018
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20. A high-efficiency thermal neutron detector based on thin 3D (B4C)-B-10 converters for high-rate applications
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Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, Tardocchi, Marco, Grosso, Giovanni, Albani, Georgia, Angella, Giuliano, Defendi, Ilario, Hall-Wilton, Richard, Höglund, Carina, Raspino, Davide, Rhodes, Nigel, Robinson, Linda, Schmidt, Susan, Schooneveld, Erik, Zeitelhack, Karl, Gorini, Giuseppe, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Cippo, Enrico Perelli, Tardocchi, Marco, Grosso, Giovanni, Albani, Georgia, Angella, Giuliano, Defendi, Ilario, Hall-Wilton, Richard, Höglund, Carina, Raspino, Davide, Rhodes, Nigel, Robinson, Linda, Schmidt, Susan, Schooneveld, Erik, Zeitelhack, Karl, and Gorini, Giuseppe
- Abstract
new position-sensitive thermal neutron detector based on boron-coated converters has been developed as an alternative to today's standard He-3-based technology for application to thermal neutron scattering. The key element of the development is a novel 3D (B4C)-B-10 converter which has been ad hoc designed and realized with the aim of combining a high neutron conversion probability via the B-10(n, alpha)(7) Li reaction together with an efficient collection of the produced charged particles. The developed 3D converter is composed of thin aluminium grids made by a micro-waterjet technique and coated on both sides with a thin layer of( 10)B(4)C. When coupled to a GEM detector this converter allows reaching neutron detection efficiencies close to 50% at neutron wavelengths equal to 4 angstrom. In addition, the new detector features a spatial resolution of about 5 min and can sustain counting rates well in excess of 1 MHz/cm(2). The newly developed neutron detector will enable time-resolved measurements of different kind of samples in neutron scattering experiments at high flux spallation sources and can find a use in applications where large areas and custom geometries of thermal neutron detectors are foreseen.
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- 2018
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21. Performance of the high-efficiency thermal neutron BAND-GEM detector
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Muraro, Andrea, primary, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Grosso, Giovanni, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Albani, Giorgia, additional, Hall-Wilton, Richard, additional, Kanaki, Kalliopi, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Raspino, Davide, additional, Robinson, Linda, additional, Rodhes, Nigel, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Schmidt, Susann, additional, Schooneveld, Erik, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional
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- 2018
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22. Overview of the JET results in support to ITER
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Litaudon, X., Abduallev, S., Abhangi, M., Abreu, P., Afzal, M., Aggarwal, K.M., Ahlgren, T., Ahn, Jong Hyun, Aho-Mantila, L., Aiba, N., Airila, M., Albanese, R., Aldred, V., Alegre, D., Alessi, E., Aleynikov, P., Alfier, A., Alkseev, A., Allinson, M., Alper, B., Alves, E., Ambrosino, G., Ambrosino, R., Amicucci, L., Amosov, V., Andersson Sundén, E., Angelone, M., Anghel, M., Angioni, C., Appel, L., Appelbee, C., Arena, P., Ariola, M., Arnichand, H., Arshad, S.A., Ash, A., Ashikawa, N., Aslanyan, V., Asunta, O., Auriemma, F., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Axton, M.D., Ayres, C., Bacharis, M., Baciero, A., Baião, D., Bailey, Stephen, Baker, A., Balboa, I., Balden, M., Balshaw, N., Bament, R., Banks, J.W., Baranov, Y.F., Barnard, M.A., Barnes, D., Barnes, M., Barnsley, R., Baron Wiechec, A., Barrera Orte, L., Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V., Bassan, M., Bastow, R., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Baughan, R., Bauvir, B., Baylor, L., Bazylev, B., Beal, J., Beaumont, P.S., Beckers, M., Beckett, B., Becoulet, A., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Bell, Karen, Belli, F., Bellinger, M., Belonohy, E., Ben Ayed, N., Benterman, N.A., Bergsåker, H., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Berry, Philippa A. M., Bertalot, L., Besliu, C., Beurskens, M., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Biewer, T., Bigi, M., Bílková, P., Binda, F., Bisoffi, A., Bizarro, J P S, Björkas, C., Blackburn, J. A., Blackman, K., Blackman, T.R., Blanchard, P., Blatchford, P., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Bodnár, G., Bogar, O., Bolshakova, I., Bolzonella, T., Bonanomi, N., Bonelli, F., Boom, J., Booth, T. J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Borodkina, I., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Boulting, P., Bourdelle, C., Bowden, M., Bower, C., Bowman-Collin, C., Boyce, T., Boyd, P. 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F. F., Nedzelski, I., Nemtsev, G., Nespoli, F., Neto, A., Neu, R., Neverov, V.S., Newman, M. 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- Abstract
The 2014–2016 JET results are reviewed in the light of their significance for optimising the ITER research plan for the active and non-active operation. More than 60 h of plasma operation with ITER first wall materials successfully took place since its installation in 2011. New multi-machine scaling of the type I-ELM divertor energy flux density to ITER is supported by first principle modelling. ITER relevant disruption experiments and first principle modelling are reported with a set of three disruption mitigation valves mimicking the ITER setup. Insights of the L–H power threshold in Deuterium and Hydrogen are given, stressing the importance of the magnetic configurations and the recent measurements of fine-scale structures in the edge radial electric. Dimensionless scans of the core and pedestal confinement provide new information to elucidate the importance of the first wall material on the fusion performance. H-mode plasmas at ITER triangularity (H = 1 at βN ~ 1.8 and n/nGW ~ 0.6) have been sustained at 2 MA during 5 s. The ITER neutronics codes have been validated on high performance experiments. Prospects for the coming D–T campaign and 14 MeV neutron calibration strategy are reviewed.
- Published
- 2017
23. The PRIMA Test Facility: SPIDER and MITICA test-beds for ITER neutral beam injectors
- Author
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Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, Tonti, A, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, Tonti, A., Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, Tonti, A, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and Tonti, A.
- Abstract
The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), called PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), is hosted in Padova, Italy and includes two experiments: MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER heating neutral beam injector, and SPIDER, the full-size radio frequency negative-ions source. The NBTF realization and the exploitation of SPIDER and MITICA have been recognized as necessary to make the future operation of the ITER heating neutral beam injectors efficient and reliable, fundamental to the achievement of thermonuclear-relevant plasma parameters in ITER. This paper reports on design and R&D carried out to construct PRIMA, SPIDER and MITICA, and highlights the huge progress made in just a few years, from the signature of the agreement for the NBTF realization in 2011, up to now - when the buildings and relevant infrastructures have been completed, SPIDER is entering the integrated commissioning phase and the procurements of several MITICA components are at a well advanced stage
- Published
- 2017
24. The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility towards SPIDER operation
- Author
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Toigo, V, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gambetta, G, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Piovan, R, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Frã¶schle, M, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Nocentini, R, Riedl, R, Schiesko, L, Wimmer, C, Wã1⁄4nderlich, D, Cavenago, M, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Hemsworth, R, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, Hemsworth, R., Toigo, V, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gambetta, G, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Piovan, R, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Frã¶schle, M, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Nocentini, R, Riedl, R, Schiesko, L, Wimmer, C, Wã1⁄4nderlich, D, Cavenago, M, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Hemsworth, R, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and Hemsworth, R.
- Abstract
SPIDER is one of two projects of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility under construction in Padova, Italy, at the Consorzio RFX premises. It will have a 100 keV beam source with a full-size prototype of the radiofrequency ion source for the ITER neutral beam injector (NBI) and also, similar to the ITER diagnostic neutral beam, it is designed to operate with a pulse length of up to 3600 s, featuring an ITER-like magnetic filter field configuration (for high extraction of negative ions) and caesium oven (for high production of negative ions) layout as well as a wide set of diagnostics. These features will allow a reproduction of the ion source operation in ITER, which cannot be done in any other existing test facility. SPIDER realization is well advanced and the first operation is expected at the beginning of 2018, with the mission of achieving the ITER heating and diagnostic NBI ion source requirements and of improving its performance in terms of reliability and availability. This paper mainly focuses on the preparation of the first SPIDER operations - integration and testing of SPIDER components, completion and implementation of diagnostics and control and formulation of operation and research plan, based on a staged strategy
- Published
- 2017
25. A substantial step forward in the realization of the ITER HNB system: The ITER NBI Test Facility
- Author
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Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maeshima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, Sandri, S., Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maeshima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, REBAI, MARICA, MURARO, ANDREA, and Sandri, S.
- Abstract
Substantial progresses have been achieved in the realization of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) hosted in Padova, Italy; the buildings, completed by the end of 2015, are being progressively filled with new systems and components. The realization of SPIDER, the ITER full-size negative ion source, is well advanced and important progress is also recorded for MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER HNB injector. The paper gives an overview of the achieved results, highlighting the main challenges faced.
- Published
- 2017
26. Conceptual design of a neutron diagnostic for 2-D deuterium power density map reconstruction in MITICA
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Rebai, M, Croci, G, Grosso, G, Muraro, A, Cippo, E, Tardocchi, M, Palma, M, Pasqualotto, R, Tollin, M, Murtas, F, Cavenago, M, Gorini, G, REBAI, MARICA, CROCI, GABRIELE, GROSSO, GIORGIA, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Rebai, M, Croci, G, Grosso, G, Muraro, A, Cippo, E, Tardocchi, M, Palma, M, Pasqualotto, R, Tollin, M, Murtas, F, Cavenago, M, Gorini, G, REBAI, MARICA, CROCI, GABRIELE, GROSSO, GIORGIA, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Abstract
A neutron diagnostic based on Gas Electron Multiplier is proposed for the MITICA beam injector test facility. The detection system is called Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping (CNESM) and aims at providing the beam intensity profile on the horizontal direction by measuring the neutron emission from the beam dump surface by placing a detector right behind the dump. CNESM uses Gas Electron Multiplier detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil, named nGEM. The cathode, made of a thin polythene film and an aluminium film, is designed for detection of neutrons emitted with and angle between 30 and 70 degrees with respect to the deuterium beam axis. Neutron scattering in the dump and neutron detection with the nGEM were simulated with the MCNP6.1.1 code.
- Published
- 2017
27. Progress On Diagnostics Of The Iter Neutral Beam Test Facility
- Author
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Pasqualotto, Roberto, primary, Agostini, Matteo, additional, Barbisan, Marco, additional, Bonomo, Federica, additional, Brombin, Matteo, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Dalla Palma, Mauro, additional, Delogu, Rita Sabrina, additional, De Muri, Michela, additional, Fonnesu, Nicola, additional, Gorini, G., additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Pomaro, Nicola, additional, Serianni, Gianluigi, additional, Spagnolo, Silvia, additional, Spolaore, Monica, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Zaniol, Barbara, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Evolution in boron-based GEM detectors for diffraction measurements: from planar to 3D converters
- Author
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Albani, Giorgia, primary, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, additional, Croci, Gabriele, additional, Muraro, Andrea, additional, Schooneveld, Erik, additional, Scherillo, Antonella, additional, Hall-Wilton, Richard, additional, Kanaki, Kalliopi, additional, Höglund, Carina, additional, Hultman, Lars, additional, Birch, Jens, additional, Claps, Gerardo, additional, Murtas, Fabrizio, additional, Rebai, Marica, additional, Tardocchi, Marco, additional, and Gorini, Giuseppe, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Design of Safety Important Feedthroughs for ITER HNB Injectors
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Dalla Palma Mauro, Blatchford Peter, Muraro Andrea, Sartori Emanuele, Delmas Etienne, Graceffa Joseph, Pasqualotto Roberto, Svenssone Lennart, Zaccaria Pierluigi, and Micò Mantova Gonzalo
- Subjects
actuator feedthrough ,interspaces ,electrical feedthrough ,double wall confinement ,thermocouple feedthrough - Abstract
Safety important feedthroughs will realise the first vacuum boundary of the ITER Neutral Beam injectors providing the transfer of electrical power, mechanical motion, and measurement signals. The designs of the feedthroughs are based on previous experience from similar components procured for fusion applications. They are developed to satisfy vacuum leak tightness, nuclear radiation, remote handling maintenance, quality, and specific requirements for each type of feedthrough. The electrical power feedthrough for the residual ion dump is designed to transfer up to 60 A at 30 kV. The actuator feedthrough for the calorimeter movements will transfers the linear motion of a shaft into the vacuum vessel via a replaceable bellows unit. The thermocouple feedthrough is designed to transfer 126 pairs of cables and will provide the electrostatic shielding from electromagnetic interference. All feedthroughs have double vacuum barriers with a monitored interspace to enable early detection in case of a leak. A faulty feedthrough can therefore be replaced in a controlled way without a compete loss of confinement. The vacuum leak tightness is achieved either with double metallic seals or by butt and lip welds compatible with the assembly sequence and with welding examination requirements for bellows and box structures. The feedthrough design was verified by analysis simulating combinations of pressure, thermal, structural, electro-magnetic, nuclear radiation, and seismic loads as specified for the ITER operation. The design was complemented by assembly verifications and proof testing conditions to be specified for manufacturing.
- Published
- 2015
30. Neutron emission spectroscopy measurements with a single crystal diamond detector at JET
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NOCENTE, MASSIMO, REBAI, MARICA, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, Cazzaniga, C, Giacomelli, L, Binda, F, Eriksson, J, Contributors, J., Nocente, M, Cazzaniga, C, Rebai, M, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Binda, F, Eriksson, J, and Contributors, J
- Subjects
diamond detectors, fusion plasmas - Abstract
Single crystal diamond detectors are under consideration for neutron measurements in the neutron camera of high performance fusion devices, such as ITER. Being compact, insensitive to magnetic fields and gamma-ray background, they offer advantages with respect to the more conventionally used liquid scintillators, also in terms of their better resilience to neutron damage. An additional feature is offered by their intrinsic high energy resolution (at the level of a few %), which may enable spectroscopy measurements along multiple line of sights, complementing the information attainable by a non compact, dedicated neutron spectrometer on a single line of sight. In this work we present a selection of neutron spectroscopy measurements with a single crystal diamond detector performed at JET in the recent experimental campaigns (2013-2014). After a brief introduction on the instrumentation, examples of neutron spectra measured in plasmas heated with neutral beam injection and radio-frequency waves are presented and their shapes interpreted in terms of the energy distribution of fast deuterons accelerated by the auxiliary heating. Prospects for future neutron measurements in JET deuterium-Tritium plasmas using diamond detectors are finally addressed.
- Published
- 2015
31. Evolution in boron-based GEM detectors for diffraction measurements : From planar to 3D converters
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Albani, Giorgia, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Schooneveld, Erik, Scherillo, Antonella, Hall-Wilton, Richard J., Kanaki, Kalliopi, Höglund, Carina, Hultman, Lars, Birch, Jens, Claps, Gerardo, Murtas, Fabrizio, Rebai, Marica, Tardocchi, Marco, Gorini, Giuseppe, Albani, Giorgia, Perelli Cippo, Enrico, Croci, Gabriele, Muraro, Andrea, Schooneveld, Erik, Scherillo, Antonella, Hall-Wilton, Richard J., Kanaki, Kalliopi, Höglund, Carina, Hultman, Lars, Birch, Jens, Claps, Gerardo, Murtas, Fabrizio, Rebai, Marica, Tardocchi, Marco, and Gorini, Giuseppe
- Abstract
The so-called '3He-crisis' has motivated the neutron detector community to undertake an intense R&D programme in order to develop technologies alternative to standard 3He tubes and suitable for neutron detection systems in future spallation sources such as the European spallation source (ESS). Boron-based GEM (gas electron multiplier) detectors are a promising '3He-free' technology for thermal neutron detection in neutron scattering experiments. In this paper the evolution of boron-based GEM detectors from planar to 3D converters with an application in diffraction measurements is presented. The use of 3D converters coupled with GEMs allows for an optimization of the detector performances. Three different detectors were used for diffraction measurements on the INES instrument at the ISIS spallation source. The performances of the GEM-detectors are compared with those of conventional 3He tubes installed on the INES instrument. The conceptual detector with the 3D converter used in this paper reached a count rate per unit area of about 25% relative to the currently installed 3He tube. Its timing resolution is similar and the signal-to-background ratio (S/B) is 2 times lower.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Evolution in boron-based GEM detectors for diffraction measurements: From planar to 3D converters
- Author
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Albani, G, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Schooneveld, E, Scherillo, A, Hall Wilton, R, Kanaki, K, Höglund, C, Hultman, L, Birch, J, Claps, G, Murtas, F, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, CROCI, GABRIELE, MURARO, ANDREA, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Albani, G, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Croci, G, Muraro, A, Schooneveld, E, Scherillo, A, Hall Wilton, R, Kanaki, K, Höglund, C, Hultman, L, Birch, J, Claps, G, Murtas, F, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, CROCI, GABRIELE, MURARO, ANDREA, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Abstract
The so-called '3He-crisis' has motivated the neutron detector community to undertake an intense R&D programme in order to develop technologies alternative to standard 3He tubes and suitable for neutron detection systems in future spallation sources such as the European spallation source (ESS). Boron-based GEM (gas electron multiplier) detectors are a promising '3He-free' technology for thermal neutron detection in neutron scattering experiments. In this paper the evolution of boron-based GEM detectors from planar to 3D converters with an application in diffraction measurements is presented. The use of 3D converters coupled with GEMs allows for an optimization of the detector performances. Three different detectors were used for diffraction measurements on the INES instrument at the ISIS spallation source. The performances of the GEM-detectors are compared with those of conventional 3He tubes installed on the INES instrument. The conceptual detector with the 3D converter used in this paper reached a count rate per unit area of about 25% relative to the currently installed 3He tube. Its timing resolution is similar and the signal-to-background ratio (S/B) is 2 times lower.
- Published
- 2016
33. Performance of the full size nGEM detector for the SPIDER experiment
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Muraro, A, Croci, G, Albani, G, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Cazzaniga, C, Dalla Palma, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Gorini, G, MURARO, ANDREA, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Muraro, A, Croci, G, Albani, G, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Cazzaniga, C, Dalla Palma, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Tollin, M, Gorini, G, MURARO, ANDREA, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Abstract
The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative H/D RF beam source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam injector. SPIDER will start operations in 2016 while MITICA is expected to start during 2019. Both devices feature a beam dump used to stop the produced deuteron beam. Detection of fusion neutrons produced between beam-deuterons and dump-implanted deuterons will be used as a means to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile. The neutron detection system will be placed right behind the beam dump, as close to the neutron emitting surface as possible thus providing the map of the neutron emission on the beam dump surface. The system uses nGEM neutron detectors. These are Gas Electron Multiplier detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The cathode is designed to ensure that most of the detected neutrons at a point of the nGEM surface are emitted from the corresponding beamlet footprint (with dimensions of about 40×22 mm2) on the dump front surface. The size of the nGEM detector for SPIDER is 352 mm×200 mm. Several smaller size prototypes have been successfully made in the last years and the experience gained on these detectors has led to the production of the full size detector for SPIDER during 2014. This nGEM has a read-out board made of 256 pads (arranged in a 16×16 matrix) each with a dimension of 22 mm×13 mm. This paper describes the production of this detector and its tests (in terms of beam profile reconstruction capability, uniformity over the active area, gamma rejection capability and time stability) performed on the ROTAX beam-line at the ISIS spallation source (Didcot-UK).
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- 2016
34. First neutron spectroscopy measurements with a pixelated diamond detector at JET
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Muraro, A, Giacomelli, L, Nocente, M, Rebai, M, Rigamonti, D, Belli, F, Calvani, P, Figueiredo, J, Girolami, M, Gorini, G, Grosso, G, Murari, A, Popovichev, S, Trucchi, D, Tardocchi, M, MURARO, ANDREA, GIACOMELLI, LUCA CARLO, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, REBAI, MARICA, RIGAMONTI, DAVIDE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, Muraro, A, Giacomelli, L, Nocente, M, Rebai, M, Rigamonti, D, Belli, F, Calvani, P, Figueiredo, J, Girolami, M, Gorini, G, Grosso, G, Murari, A, Popovichev, S, Trucchi, D, Tardocchi, M, MURARO, ANDREA, GIACOMELLI, LUCA CARLO, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, REBAI, MARICA, RIGAMONTI, DAVIDE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, and TARDOCCHI, MARCO
- Abstract
A prototype Single crystal Diamond Detector (SDD) was installed at the Joint European Torus (JET) in 2013 along an oblique line of sight and demonstrated the possibility to carry out neutron spectroscopy measurements with good energy resolution and detector stability in discharges heated by neutral beam injection and radio-frequency waves. Starting from these positive results, within the Vertical Neutron Spectrometer project of the Joint European Torus, we have developed a pixelated instrument consisting of a matrix of 12 independent SDDs, called the Diamond Vertical Neutron Spectrometer (DVNS), which boosts the detection efficiency of a single SDD by an order of magnitude. In this paper we describe the main features of the DVNS, including the detector design, energy resolution, and data acquisition system for on-line processing. Preliminary spectroscopy measurements of 2.5 MeV neutrons from the present deuterium plasma at JET are finally presented.
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- 2016
35. Entre a crônica e a poesia, os quintais de Ernesto Lara Filho
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Muraro, Andrea Cristina, primary
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- 2016
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36. Celebrar e avaliar: uma leitura de ‘Sim camarada!’ De Manuel Rui
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Muraro, Andrea Cristina and Muraro, Andrea Cristina
- Abstract
The article examines the introduction of socialist lexicon speech in Yes Comrade! (1977), written by the Angolan Manuel Rui. In the five stories, known as narrative of intromission, the author uses irony and lyricism as a method to expose the social dynamics established during the transitional government, which preceded the independence of Angola in 1975., O artigo analisa a introdução do discurso de léxico socialista na obra Sim Camarada! (1977), do escritor angolano Manuel Rui. Nos cinco contos da obra, denominados como narrativa de intromissão, o autor utiliza a ironia e o lirismo como método para expor as dinâmicas sociais estabelecidas durante o governo de transição e os primeiros momentos após a independência de Angola, em 1975.
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- 2015
37. Overview of diagnostics on ITER neutral beam test facility
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Pasqualotto, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fonnesu, N, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Tardocchi, M, Zaniol, B, CROCI, GABRIELE, Delogu, RS, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, Tardocchi,M, Zaniol, B., Pasqualotto, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fonnesu, N, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Tardocchi, M, Zaniol, B, CROCI, GABRIELE, Delogu, RS, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, Tardocchi,M, and Zaniol, B.
- Abstract
ITER operation relies on heating neutral beam injectors (HNB) based on negative ion deuterium beams accelerated at 1 MeV, with up to one hour 17 MW power, uniform intensity and low divergence. A neutral beam test facility is being built at Consorzio RFX to demonstrate the feasibility of a prototype injector with such demanding specifications and to optimize its performances. It comprises SPIDER, a 100 kV negative hydrogen/deuterium RF source, full size prototype of the HNB source, and MITICA, a prototype of the full HNB. The diagnostics for SPIDER and MITICA are essential to qualify and optimize the HNB for ITER and to assess the information on source and beam obtainable with the reduced set of the HNB diagnostics. Main parameters are measured with different complementary techniques to exploit the combination of their specific features. In the source the still open issues of cesium dynamics, negative ion generation and uniformity are investigated with a set of electrostatic probes, with optical emission spectroscopy, laser absorption for neutral cesium density and cavity ring down spectroscopy for negative ion density. The beam profile uniformity and its divergence will be studied with beam emission spectroscopy, visible tomography, neutron imaging and a special calorimeter made of carbon tiles which can achieve a spatial resolution of few millimetres. All components heated by beam power load will be monitored with a large set of thermocouples behind the heated surfaces and on the cooling water circuits. The test facility will also be the natural choice for hosting experiments on innovative concepts for DEMO HNBs, e.g. more efficient neutralization techniques and cesium free source operation.
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- 2015
38. Neutron emission spectroscopy measurements with a single crystal diamond detector at JET
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Nocente, M, Cazzaniga, C, Rebai, M, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Binda, F, Eriksson, J, Contributors, J, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, REBAI, MARICA, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, Contributors, J., Nocente, M, Cazzaniga, C, Rebai, M, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Binda, F, Eriksson, J, Contributors, J, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, REBAI, MARICA, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, MURARO, ANDREA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and Contributors, J.
- Abstract
Single crystal diamond detectors are under consideration for neutron measurements in the neutron camera of high performance fusion devices, such as ITER. Being compact, insensitive to magnetic fields and gamma-ray background, they offer advantages with respect to the more conventionally used liquid scintillators, also in terms of their better resilience to neutron damage. An additional feature is offered by their intrinsic high energy resolution (at the level of a few %), which may enable spectroscopy measurements along multiple line of sights, complementing the information attainable by a non compact, dedicated neutron spectrometer on a single line of sight. In this work we present a selection of neutron spectroscopy measurements with a single crystal diamond detector performed at JET in the recent experimental campaigns (2013-2014). After a brief introduction on the instrumentation, examples of neutron spectra measured in plasmas heated with neutral beam injection and radio-frequency waves are presented and their shapes interpreted in terms of the energy distribution of fast deuterons accelerated by the auxiliary heating. Prospects for future neutron measurements in JET deuterium-Tritium plasmas using diamond detectors are finally addressed.
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- 2015
39. Negative ion beam characterisation in BATMAN bymini-STRIKE: Improved design and newmeasurements
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Kraus, W, McNeely, P, Serianni, G, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Cervaro, V, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fasolo, D, Fonnesu, N, Franchin, L, Franzen, P, Ghiraldelli, R, Molon, F, Muraro, A, Pasqualotto, R, Ruf, B, Schiesko, L, Tollin, M, Veltri, P, MURARO, ANDREA, Veltri, P., Kraus, W, McNeely, P, Serianni, G, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Cervaro, V, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fasolo, D, Fonnesu, N, Franchin, L, Franzen, P, Ghiraldelli, R, Molon, F, Muraro, A, Pasqualotto, R, Ruf, B, Schiesko, L, Tollin, M, Veltri, P, MURARO, ANDREA, and Veltri, P.
- Abstract
The ITER project requires additional heating provided by two injectors of neutral beams resulting from the neutralisation of accelerated negative ions. To study and optimise negative ion production, the SPIDER test facility (particle energy 100keV; beam current 50A) is under construction in Padova, with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The SPIDER beam will be characterised by the instrumented calorimeter STRIKE, whosemain components are one-directional carbon fibre carbon composite tiles. Some prototype tiles have been employed in 2012 as a small-scale version (mini-STRIKE) of the entire system to investigate the features of the beam from BATMAN at IPP-Garching. As the BATMAN beamlets are superposed at themeasurement position, about 1m from the grounded grid, an actively cooled coppermask is located in front of the tiles; holes in themask create an artificial beamlet structure. Recently themini-STRIKE has been updated, taking into account the results obtained in the first campaign. In particular the spatial resolution of the system has been improved by increasing the number of the coppermask holes. Moreover a custommeasurement system has been realized for the thermocouple signals and employed in BATMAN in view of its use in SPIDER. The present contribution gives a description of the new design of the system as well as of the thermocouplemeasurements system and its field test. A new series ofmeasurements has been carried out in BATMAN. The BATMAN beam characterisation in different experimental conditions is presented.
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- 2015
40. First boundary electrical feedthroughs for the heating neutral beams injectors of ITER
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Delmas, E, Boilson, D, Choi, C, Palma, M, Decamps, H, Graceffa, J, Iseli, M, Masiello, A, Micó Montava, G, Muraro, A, Roux, K, Sartori, E, Shah, D, Svensson, L, Valente, M, Valente, M., MURARO, ANDREA, Delmas, E, Boilson, D, Choi, C, Palma, M, Decamps, H, Graceffa, J, Iseli, M, Masiello, A, Micó Montava, G, Muraro, A, Roux, K, Sartori, E, Shah, D, Svensson, L, Valente, M, Valente, M., and MURARO, ANDREA
- Abstract
The first boundary feedthroughs of the ITER heating neutral beam (HNB) injectors are key components of the neutral beam system. They allow the penetration of signals and power from/to the beam line components (BLC) and front end components (FEC), through the confinement boundary of ITER. The design status of the two types of feedthroughs is presented in the first part. This includes the design requirements, cabling strategy, the analysis done and the maintenance strategies. The second part deals with the qualification of the feedthroughs. Being made of brittle material and not covered by mechanical standard a qualification by testing strategy is proposed based on existing rules and norms. The design of the feedthroughs is almost finished and satisfies all the requirements. The next step is the procurement for their integration in the MITICA [1] test bed and the detailed definition of the qualification tests to be carried out for the HNB feedthroughs.
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- 2015
41. GEM-based detectors for thermal and fast neutrons
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Croci, G, Claps, G, Cazzaniga, C, Foggetta, L, Muraro, A, Valente, P, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, MURARO, ANDREA, Valente, P., Croci, G, Claps, G, Cazzaniga, C, Foggetta, L, Muraro, A, Valente, P, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, MURARO, ANDREA, and Valente, P.
- Abstract
Lately the problem of 3He replacement for neutron detection stimulated an intense activity research on alternative technologies based on alternative neutron converters. This paper presents briefly the results obtained with new GEM detectors optimized for fast and thermal neutrons. For thermal neutrons, we realized a side-on GEM detector based on a series of boron-coated alumina sheets placed perpendicularly to the incident neutron beam direction. This prototype has been tested at n@BTF photo-production neutron facilty in order to test its effectiveness under a very high flux gamma background. For fast neutrons, we developed new GEM detectors (called nGEM) for the CNESM diagnostic system of the SPIDER NBI prototype for ITER (RFX-Consortium, Italy) and as beam monitor for fast neutrons lines at spallation sources. The nGEM is a Triple GEM gaseous detector equipped with a polyethylene layer used to convert fast neutrons into recoil protons through the elastic scattering process. This paper describes the results obtained by testing a medium size (30 × 25 cm2 active area) nGEM detector at the ISIS spallation source on the VESUVIO beam line.
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- 2015
42. Status of the CNESM diagnostic for SPIDER
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Muraro, A, Croci, G, Albani, G, Cazzaniga, C, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Grosso, G, Palma, M, Fincato, M, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, Cippo, E, Rebai, M, Tollin, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, MURARO, ANDREA, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Muraro, A, Croci, G, Albani, G, Cazzaniga, C, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Grosso, G, Palma, M, Fincato, M, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, Cippo, E, Rebai, M, Tollin, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, MURARO, ANDREA, CROCI, GABRIELE, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Abstract
The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative H/D RF source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam injector. A detection system called close-contact neutron emission surface mapping (CNESM) is under development with the aim to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile in MITICA and one of the eight beamlet groups in SPIDER, with a spatial resolution of 1.5 and 2.5 cm respectively. This is achieved by the evaluation of the map of the neutron emission due to interaction of the deuterium beam with the deuterons implanted in the beam dump surface. CNESM uses nGEM detectors, i.e. GEM detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The diagnostic will be placed right behind the SPIDER and MITICA beam dump, i.e. in an UHV environment, but the nGEM detectors need to operate at atmospheric pressure: in order to maintain the detector at atmospheric pressure, a vacuum sealed box, that will be mounted inside the vacuum, has been designed. The box design was driven by the need to minimize the neutron attenuation and the distance between the beam dump surface and the detector active area. This paper presents the status of the CNESM diagnostic describing the design of the detector, the design of the sealed box and reporting the results obtained with the first full-size prototype under fast neutron irradiation.
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- 2015
43. Performance of a medium-size area nGEM detector for neutron beam diagnostics
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Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Albani, G, Muraro, A, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, ALBANI, GIORGIA, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Albani, G, Muraro, A, Claps, G, Cavenago, M, Grosso, G, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, ALBANI, GIORGIA, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Abstract
Fast neutron detectors with a sub-centimetric space resolution are required in order to qualify neutron beams in applications related to magnetically-controlled nuclear fusion plasmas and to spallation sources. Based on the results obtained with small area prototypes, the first medium-size (20 × 35.2 cm2 active area) nGEM detector has been realized for both the CNESM diagnostic system of the SPIDER NBI prototype for ITER and as a beam monitor for fast neutrons beam lines at spallation sources, too. The nGEM is a Triple GEM gaseous detector equipped with polyethylene layers used to convert fast neutrons into recoil protons through the elastic scattering process. This paper describes the performance of the medium-size nGEM detector tested at the VESUVIO beam line of the ISIS spallation source. Being this detector the actual largest area fast neutron detector based on the GEM technology, particular attention was paid in the study of detector response in different points over the active area. Measurements of GEM counting rate (both as a function of VGEM and of time) and of the capability of the detector to reconstruct the beam in different positions are presented. This detector serves as a basis for the realization of an even larger area detector that will be used in the MITICA NBI prototype for ITER that represents the evolution of SPIDER.
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- 2015
44. Overview of the JET results
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Romanelli, F, Abhangi, M, Abreu, P, Aftanas, M, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, K, Aho Mantila, L, Ahonen, E, Aints, M, Airila, M, Albanese, R, Alegre, D, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Alfier, A, Alkseev, A, Allan, P, Almaviva, S, Alonso, A, Alper, B, Alsworth, I, Alves, D, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, Amosov, V, Andersson, F, Andersson Sundén, E, Angelone, M, Anghel, A, Anghel, M, Angioni, C, Appel, L, Apruzzese, G, Arena, P, Ariola, M, Arnichand, H, Arnoux, G, Arshad, S, Ash, A, Asp, E, Asunta, O, Atanasiu, C, Austin, Y, Avotina, L, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Bachmann, C, Baciero, A, Baião, D, Bailescu, V, Baiocchi, B, Baker, A, Baker, R, Balboa, I, Balden, M, Balshaw, N, Bament, R, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barlow, I, Barnard, M, Barnes, D, Barnsley, R, Baron Wiechec, A, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bassan, M, Bastow, R, Batista, A, Batistoni, P, Bauer, R, Bauvir, B, Bazylev, B, Beal, J, Beaumont, P, Becoulet, A, Bednarczyk, P, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, K, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Belo, J, Belo, P, Belonohy, É, Benterman, N, Bergsåker, H, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Berry, M, Bertalot, L, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bielecki, J, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bílková, P, Binda, F, Bizarro, J, Björkas, C, Blackman, K, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blanco, E, Blatchford, P, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Bodnár, G, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Boncagni, L, Bonham, R, Bonheure, G, Boom, J, Booth, J, Borba, D, Borodin, D, Botrugno, A, Boulbe, C, Boulting, P, Bovert, K, Bowden, M, Bower, C, Boyce, T, Boyer, H, Bradshaw, J, Braic, V, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Brett, A, Brezinsek, S, Bright, M, Brix, M, Broeckx, W, Brombin, M, Brown, B, Brown, D, Brown, M, Bruno, E, Bucalossi, J, Buch, J, Buckley, M, Bucko, K, Budny, R, Bufferand, H, Bulman, M, Bulmer, N, Bunting, P, Buratti, P, Burcea, G, Burckhart, A, Buscarino, A, Butcher, P, Butler, N, Bykov, I, Byrne, J, Byszuk, A, Cackett, A, Cahyna, P, Cain, G, Calabrò, G, Callaghan, C, Campling, D, Cane, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Caputano, M, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carman, P, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, I, Carvalho, P, Casson, F, Castaldo, C, Cavazzana, R, Cavinato, M, Cazzaniga, A, Cecconello, M, Cecil, E, Cenedese, A, Centioli, C, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chandra, D, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Chapman, S, Chernyshova, M, Chiru, P, Chitarin, G, Chouli, B, Chung, N, Ciraolo, G, Ciric, D, Citrin, J, Clairet, F, Clark, E, Clatworthy, D, Clay, R, Clever, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Coffey, I, Colas, L, Collins, S, Conboy, J, Conroy, S, Cook, N, Coombs, D, Cooper, D, Cooper, S, Corre, Y, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Couchman, A, Cox, M, Cox, P, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Crisanti, F, Cristescu, I, Croci, G, Croft, O, Crombé, K, Crowe, R, Cruz, N, Cseh, G, Cull, K, Cupido, L, Curran, D, Curuia, M, Czarnecka, A, Czarski, T, Dalley, S, Dalziel, A, Darrow, D, Davies, R, Davis, W, Day, C, Day, I, De La Cal, E, De La Luna, E, De Magistris, M, De Pablos, J, De Tommasi, G, De Vries, P, Deakin, K, Deane, J, Decker, J, Degli Agostini, F, Dejarnac, R, Delabie, E, Den Harder, N, Dendy, R, Denner, P, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Maio, F, Di Pace, L, Dittmar, T, Dodt, D, Donné, T, Dooley, P, Dorling, S, Dormido Canto, S, Doswon, S, Douai, D, Doyle, P, Dreischuh, T, Drewelow, P, Drozdov, V, Drozdowicz, K, Dumont, R, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Dunne, M, ɰuran, I, Durodié, F, Dutta, P, Duval, B, Dux, R, Dylst, K, Dzysiuk, N, Edappala, P, Edwards, A, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, Elevant, T, El Jorf, R, Elsmore, C, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, A, Eriksson, J, Eriksson, L, Esposito, B, Esser, H, Esteve, D, Evans, G, Evans, J, Ewart, G, Ewers, D, Fagan, D, Falie, D, Farthing, J, Fasoli, A, Fattorini, L, Faugeras, B, Faustin, J, Fawlk, N, Federici, G, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenzi, C, Fernades, A, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Fessey, J, Figini, L, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Fil, A, Finburg, P, Firdaouss, M, Fischer, U, Fittill, L, Fitzgerald, M, Flammini, D, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Flinders, K, Formisano, A, Forsythe, L, Fortuna, L, Fortune, M, Frasca, M, Frassinetti, L, Freisinger, M, Fresa, R, Frigione, D, Fuchs, V, Fyvie, J, Gadomska, M, Gál, K, Galperti, C, Galvão, R, Gao, X, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia Carrasco, A, García Munoz, M, Gardner, M, Garzotti, L, Gaudio, P, Gauthier, E, Gaze, J, Gear, D, Gee, S, Gelfusa, M, Genangeli, E, Gerasimov, S, Gervasini, G, Ghate, M, Gherendi, M, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Giegerich, T, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Girardo, J, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Gleason Gonzalez, C, Godwin, J, Gohil, P, Gójska, A, Goloborod'Ko, V, Gomes, R, Gonçalves, B, Goniche, M, Gonzalez, S, Goodsell, B, Goodyear, A, Gorini, G, Goussarov, A, Graham, B, Graham, M, Graves, J, Grazier, N, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grigore, E, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Grist, D, Groth, M, Grundy, C, Gryaznevich, M, Guard, D, Gubb, D, Guillemaut, C, Guo, Y, Utoh, H, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Hagar, A, Hakola, A, Halitovs, M, Hall, S, Hallworth Cook, S, Hammond, K, 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Lipschultz, B, Litaudon, X, Liu, G, Liu, Y, Lo Schiavo, V, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lohr, N, Lomas, P, Lönnroth, J, López, J, Louche, F, Loving, A, Lowbridge, S, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukin, A, Lungu, A, Lungu, C, Lupelli, I, Lyssoivan, A, Macheta, P, Mackenzie, A, Maddaluno, G, Maddison, G, Magesh, B, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Maj, A, Makkonen, T, Makwana, R, Malaquias, A, Mansffield, F, Mansfield, M, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manzanares, A, Marandet, Y, Marcenko, N, Marchetto, C, Marchuk, O, Marinelli, M, Marinucci, M, Markovič, T, Marocco, D, Marot, L, Marren, C, Marsen, S, Marshal, R, Martin, A, Martin, D, Martin, Y, Martín De Aguilera, A, Martín Solís, J, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Maslova, V, Matejcik, S, Mattei, M, Matthews, G, Matveev, D, Matveev, M, Maviglia, F, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mcadams, R, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormick, K, Mccullen, P, Mcdonald, D, Mcgregor, R, Mckean, R, Mckehon, J, Mckinley, R, Meadows, I, Meadows, R, Medina, F, Medland, M, Medley, S, Meigh, S, Meigs, A, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Meshchaninov, S, Messiaen, A, Meszaros, B, Meyer, H, Miano, G, Michling, R, Middleton Gear, D, Miettunen, J, Migliucci, P, Militello Asp, E, Minucci, S, Mirizzi, F, Miyoshi, Y, Mlynář, J, Monakhov, I, Monier Garbet, P, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Mordijck, S, Moreira, L, Moreno, R, Morgan, P, Morgan, R, Morley, L, Morlock, C, Morris, A, Morris, J, Moser, L, Moulton, D, Murari, A, Muraro, A, Mustata, I, Asakura, N, Nabais, F, Nakano, T, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nedzelski, I, Neethiraj, N, Nemtsev, G, Nespoli, F, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neubauer, O, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolai, D, Nicolas, T, Nieckchen, P, Nielsen, P, Nightingale, M, Nilsson, E, Nishijima, D, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nodwell, D, Nordman, H, Nunes, I, O'Meara, B, Oberkofler, M, Obryk, B, Odupitan, T, Ogawa, M, O'Gorman, T, Okabayashi, M, Olariu, S, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Oswuigwe, B, Pace, N, Pacella, D, Page, A, Paget, A, Pagett, D, Pajuste, E, Palazzo, S, Pamela, J, Pamela, S, Panin, A, Panja, S, Papp, P, Parail, V, Paris, P, Parish, S, Park, M, Parsloe, A, Pasqualotto, R, Pearson, I, Pedrosa, M, Pereira, R, Perelli Cippo, E, Perez Von Thun, C, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Perona, A, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyi, S, Peterka, M, Petersson, P, Petravich, G, Petržilka, V, Pfefferle, D, Philipps, V, Pietropaolo, A, Pillon, M, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Pires Dos Reis, A, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pitts, R, Plusczyk, C, Plyusnin, V, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porcelli, F, Porosnicu, C, Porton, M, Pospieszczyk, A, Possnert, G, Potzel, S, Powell, T, Pozniak, K, Pozzi, J, Prajapati, V, Prakash, R, Prestopino, G, Price, D, Price, R, Prior, P, Prokopowicz, R, Proudfoot, R, Puglia, P, Puiatti, M, Pulley, D, Purahoo, K, Pütterich, T, Quercia, A, Rachlew, E, Rack, M, Raeder, J, Rainford, M, Ramogida, G, Ranjan, S, Rasmussen, J, Rathod, K, Rattá, G, Rayner, C, Rebai, M, Reece, D, Reed, A, Réfy, D, Regan, B, Regana, J, Reich, M, Reid, P, Reinelt, M, Reinke, M, Reiser, D, Reiter, D, Rendell, D, Reux, C, Riccardo, V, Rimini, F, Riva, M, Roberts, J, Robins, R, Robinson, S, Robinson, T, Robson, D, Roddick, P, Rodionov, R, Rohde, V, Romanelli, M, Romanelli, S, Romano, A, Rowe, D, Rowe, S, Rowley, A, Rubel, M, Rubinacci, G, Ruchko, L, Ruiz, M, Ruset, C, Ryć, L, Rzadkiewicz, J, Saarelma, S, Sabot, R, Sadakov, S, Safi, E, Sagar, P, Saibene, G, Saint Laurent, F, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Salzedas, F, Samm, U, Sandiford, D, Sandquist, P, Santa, P, Santala, M, Sartori, F, Sartori, R, Saunders, R, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Scarabosio, A, Schlummer, T, Schmidt, V, Schmitz, O, Schmuck, S, Schneider, M, Scholz, M, Schöpf, K, Schweer, B, Sergienko, G, Serikov, A, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Shannon, M, Sharapov, S, Shaw, I, Shaw, S, Shepherd, A, Shevelev, A, Shumack, A, Sibbald, M, Sieglin, B, Silva, C, Simmons, P, Sinha, A, Sipilä, S, Sips, A, Sirén, P, Sirinelli, A, Sjöstrand, H, Skiba, M, Skilton, R, Slade, B, Smith, N, Smith, P, Smith, T, Snoj, L, Soare, S, Solano, E, Soldatov, S, Sonato, P, Sopplesa, A, Sousa, J, Sowden, C, Sozzi, C, Sparkes, A, Spelzini, T, Spineanu, F, Stables, G, Stamatelatos, I, Stamp, M, Stancalie, V, Stankiewicz, R, Stankunas, G, Stano, M, Stan Sion, C, Starkey, D, Stead, M, Stejner, M, Stephen, A, Stephen, M, Stevens, B, Stoyanov, D, Strachan, J, Strand, P, Stransky, M, Ström, P, Stubbs, G, Studholme, W, Subba, F, Summers, H, Sun, Y, Svensson, J, Sykes, N, Syme, B, Szabolics, T, Szepesi, G, Szydlowski, A, Suzuki, T, Tabarés, F, Takalo, V, Tál, B, Tala, T, Talbot, A, Taliercio, C, Tamain, P, Tame, C, Tardocchi, M, Taroni, L, Taylor, K, Telesca, G, Teplova, N, Terra, A, Testa, D, Teuchner, B, Tholerus, S, Thomas, F, Thomas, J, Thomas, P, Thompson, A, Thompson, C, Thompson, V, Thomson, L, Thorne, L, Tigwell, P, Tipton, N, Tiseanu, I, Tojo, H, Tokar, M, Tomeš, M, Tonner, P, Tosti, S, Towndrow, M, Trimble, P, Tripsky, M, Tsalas, M, 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Wojeński, A, Wood, D, Wood, S, Woodley, C, Woźnicka, U, Wright, J, Wu, J, Yao, L, Yapp, D, Yavorskij, V, Yoo, M, Yorkshades, J, Young, C, Young, D, Young, I, Zabolotny, W, Zacks, J, Zagorski, R, Zaitsev, F, Zanino, R, Zaroschi, V, Zastrow, K, Zeidner, W, Ziółkowski, A, Zoita, V, Zoletnik, S, Zychor, I, MURARO, ANDREA, Zychor, I., CROCI, GABRIELE, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, REBAI, MARICA, and TARDOCCHI, MARCO
- Abstract
Since the installation of an ITER-like wall, the JET programme has focused on the consolidation of ITER design choices and the preparation for ITER operation, with a specific emphasis given to the bulk tungsten melt experiment, which has been crucial for the final decision on the material choice for the day-one tungsten divertor in ITER. Integrated scenarios have been progressed with the re-establishment of long-pulse, high-confinement H-modes by optimizing the magnetic configuration and the use of ICRH to avoid tungsten impurity accumulation. Stationary discharges with detached divertor conditions and small edge localized modes have been demonstrated by nitrogen seeding. The differences in confinement and pedestal behaviour before and after the ITER-like wall installation have been better characterized towards the development of high fusion yield scenarios in DT. Post-mortem analyses of the plasma-facing components have confirmed the previously reported low fuel retention obtained by gas balance and shown that the pattern of deposition within the divertor has changed significantly with respect to the JET carbon wall campaigns due to the absence of thermally activated chemical erosion of beryllium in contrast to carbon. Transport to remote areas is almost absent and two orders of magnitude less material is found in the divertor.
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- 2015
45. Fast ion energy distribution from third harmonic radio frequency heating measured with a single crystal diamond detector at the Joint European Torus
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Nocente, M, Cazzaniga, C, Tardocchi, M, Binda, F, Eriksson, J, Giacomelli, L, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Sharapov, S, Gorini, G, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, MURARO, ANDREA, REBAI, MARICA, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Nocente, M, Cazzaniga, C, Tardocchi, M, Binda, F, Eriksson, J, Giacomelli, L, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Sharapov, S, Gorini, G, NOCENTE, MASSIMO, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, MURARO, ANDREA, REBAI, MARICA, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Abstract
Neutron spectroscopy measurements with a single crystal diamond detector have been carried out at JET, for the first time in an experiment aimed at accelerating deuterons to MeV energies with radio frequency heating at the third harmonic. Data are interpreted by means of the expected response function of the detector and are used to extract parameters of the highly non-Maxwellian distribution function generated in this scenario. A comparison with observations using a time of flight and liquid scintillator neutron spectrometers is also presented. The results demonstrate the capability of diamond detectors to contribute to fast ion physics studies at JET and are of more general relevance in view of the application of such detectors for spectroscopy measurements in the neutron camera of next step tokamak devices.
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- 2015
46. Neutron beam imaging with GEM detectors
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Albani, G, Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Cavenago, M, Claps, G, Muraro, A, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, GORINI, GIUSEPPE, Albani, G, Croci, G, Cazzaniga, C, Cavenago, M, Claps, G, Muraro, A, Murtas, F, Pasqualotto, R, PERELLI CIPPO, E, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Gorini, G, ALBANI, GIORGIA, CROCI, GABRIELE, CAZZANIGA, CARLO, MURARO, ANDREA, PERELLI CIPPO, ENRICO, REBAI, MARICA, TARDOCCHI, MARCO, and GORINI, GIUSEPPE
- Published
- 2015
47. Um pub repleto de espelhos: a representação de Londres, Moçâmedes (Namibe) e outras cidades em obras de Ruy Duarte de Carvalho
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Muraro, Andrea Cristina, primary
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Progress on the CNESM system for diagnosing high power deuterium beams of the ITER NBI prototype
- Author
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GORINI Giuseppe, CROCI Gabriele, GROSSO Giovanni, MURTAS Fabrizio, MURARO Andrea, PASQUALOTTO Roberto, PERELLI CIPPO Enrico, TARDOCCHI Marco, TOLLIN Marco, CAVENAGO Marco, CAZZANIGA Carlo, CLAPS Gerardo, REBAI Marica, and DALLA PALMA Mauro
- Abstract
The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative hydrogen/deuterium RF source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam injector. A number of diagnostics will be deployed in the two facilities to qualify the beams [1]. This paper reports the progresses achieved on the realization of a neutron diagnostic for SPIDER, that represents a first step towards the application of this diagnostic technique to MITICA. The proposed detection system is called CNESM which stands for Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping. The CNESM diagnostic is placed right behind the SPIDER beam dump, as close to the neutron emitting surface as possible and aims at providing the map of the neutron emission on the beam dump surface. The CNESM uses nGEM as neutron detectors [2]. These are Gas Electron Multiplier equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The cathode is at about 30 mm from the beam dump front surface. It is designed to ensure that most of the detected neutrons at a point of the nGEM surface are emitted from the corresponding 40x22 mm2 beamlet footprint on the dump front surface. The 256 nGEM readout pads (area 12x22 mm2) will record a useful count rate of ?5 kHz providing a time resolution of better than 1 s. Each nGEM detector maps the neutron emission from a group of 5x16 beamlets: 16 nGEM would be needed to cover the entire beam dump. The CNESM was designed on the basis of simulations of the different steps from the deuteron beam interaction with the beam dump to the neutron detection in the nGEM in order to be capable to detect a 10% change in the neutron emission from individual beamlets. The main information output from the CNESM diagnostic is the map of the deuterium beamlets intensity, derived from the neutron emission map with a suitable unfolding algorithm. This information is unique and can be used to diagnose any malfunction of individual beamlets or groups of beamlets. Several small area nGEM prototypes (100 cm2) equipped with cathodes with different features have been built and tested in recent years at neutron sources (such as ISIS in the UK and FNG in Italy) in order to measure the neutron detection efficiency, directionality and gamma background levels [2-5]. Based on the small area prototype results, a first full size prototype for SPIDER with optimized geometrical parameters have been built in 2013. This detector represents the largest area neutron detector based on the GEM technology ever realized. After a first calibration using laboratory measurements, the full size prototype was successfully tested on the ISIS neutron beam where its neutron efficiency map over all the area was measured. The detector operated in the configuration that will be used in SPIDER for one week continuously without showing any issue. Further measurements will be performed in order to complete the characterization and a second prototype will be built in the next year. This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of F4E and of INFN Group 5 (Technology Research). [1] R. Pasqualotto et Al, Review of Scientific Instruments, 83, 02B103 (2012) [2] G. Croci et Al, JINST 7 C03010
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- 2013
49. Sob os ossos do passado: os anos de aprendizado de Jonas Trindade.
- Author
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Muraro, Andrea Cristina
- Subjects
SOCIAL processes ,ECONOMIC impact ,TWENTIETH century ,CONSCIOUSNESS ,GEOGRAPHY - Abstract
Copyright of I-LanD Journal - Identity, Language & Diversity is the property of Paolo Loffredo Iniziative Editoriali Srl and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Editorial 27
- Author
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Silva, Rejane Vecchia Rocha e, primary, Muraro, Andrea Cristina, additional, David, Débora Leite, additional, and Basto, Maria-Benedita, additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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