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Saki Hamano,1 Eisuke Ochi,2 Yosuke Tsuchiya,3 Erina Muramatsu,4 Kazuhiro Suzukawa,5 Shoji Igawa1 1Department of Sports Nutrition, Nippon Sport Science University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2Graduate School of Education, Okayama University, Okayama, 3Laboratory of Health and Sports Sciences, Meiji Gakuin University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 4Department of Natural Sciences, Nippon Sport Science University, Setagaya, Tokyo, .5Laboratory of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Nippon Sport Science University, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan Objective: Canoe sprint is divided into canoe and kayak. The difference between the two competitions is in physical performance. The aim of the present study was to compare and investigate the relationship between physical characteristics and fitness between the two canoe sprint competitors. Methods: Subjects were 11 canoe paddlers (C) and 12 kayak paddlers (K). They underwent anthropometric characteristics, body composition and fitness tests, and 120 s all-out tests using a canoe and kayak ergometer. The unpaired t-test was used to test for significant differences between disciplines, while Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between each measurement item and the performance test. Results: The age, height, body mass, body mass index, and total body fat were, C: 20.6±0.9 yr, 172.8±5.2 cm, 70.8±7.8 kg, 23.7±1.9, 14.4%±3.5%; and K: 19.7±1.2 yr, 172.8±5.3 cm, 69.5±7.8 kg, 23.2±2.1, 12.1%±3.6%, respectively. No significant differences were seen in any of the items for physical characteristics or fitness between C and K. A correlation analysis of performance tests and each measurement item revealed a positive correlation with low-speed isokinetic knee extension and flexion strength for C only (extension: r=0.761; flexion: r=0.784; P

We evaluated the impact of carbapenem shortage on antimicrobial practice and patient outcome at a tertiary care center. During the shortage, hospital antimicrobial practice could be safely managed through additional antimicrobial stewardship measures including treatment guidance and mandatory preauthorization. Antimicrobial shortage may present a unique opportunity for promoting antimicrobial stewardship., Competing Interests: YD has served on advisory boards for Gilead, GSK, Moderna, MSD, Shionogi, and Meiji Seika, received honorarium from Gilead, Shionogi, and bioMerieux, and received research funding from Entasis and Shionogi unrelated to the work. All other authors reported no conflicts of interest relevant to this article., (© The Author(s) 2023.)

The doubly labeled water (DLW, 2 H 2 18 O) method for calculating the total production of CO 2 over several days is currently considered to be the most accurate technique for the measurement of total energy expenditure (TEE), and the results obtained using this method have been used to review energy requirements. Presently, there is limited data available on TEE in Japanese children. The objective of this study was to assess the TEE in pre-school Japanese children using the DLW method. We used a cross-sectional population of 140 children (69 boys and 71 girls) aged 3-6 years. TEE was measured using the DLW method over 8 days under free-living conditions. The average weights (kg) of the boys and girls were 15.6 ± 2.5 and 15.0 ± 2.1 for the 3-4 years old and 19.8 ± 3.8 and 19.6 ± 2.7 for the 5-6 years old, respectively. The corresponding TEE (kcal/day) was 1260.9 ± 357.8 and 1265.2 ± 408.0, and 1682.3 ± 489.0 and 1693.1 ± 473.3, respectively, showing a significant difference with respect to age. Furthermore, TEE per body weight (kcal/kg/day) was 83.2 ± 29.2 and 84.9 ± 26.6, and 85.4 ± 23.2 and 86.7 ± 22.6, respectively. However, when TEE was adjusted for body weight or fat-free mass, there were no age or sex differences. We conclude that in Japanese children, TEE in those aged 3-4 years was similar to the current Ministry of Health recommendations. However, TEE in children aged 5-6 years was slightly higher than the recommendations. Based on these findings, the present results obtained from a large number of participants will provide valuable reference data for Japanese children., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

A 72-year-old woman with a dry cough and dyspnea on exertion was admitted to our hospital. A chest radiograph showed reticular opacities and volume loss in both lower lung fields. She was troubled with xerostomia and her laboratory test showed positive reaction for anti SS-A and SS-B antibody. Labial biopsy led to a diagnosis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSjS). Lung biopsy specimens obtained by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) revealed interstitial pneumonia. On the sixth postoperative day, hypoxemia acutely worsened and her chest radiograph showed widespread diffuse ground-glass attenuation. A diagnosis of acute exacerbation was made, and steroid and immunosuppressive therapy was started. In spite of intensive therapy, she died due to respiratory failure. We report a rare case of interstitial pneumonia with pSjS resulting in acute exacerbation.

A 29-year-old man was admitted with fever and anorexia. Radiographic examinations of the chest showed a localized peripheral non-segmental air-space consolidation in the right lower lobe. He had a history of exposure to parakeets, and psittacosis was diagnosed based on the elevated serum complement fixation titer against Chlamydia psittaci. The common radiographic finding of psittacosis is ground-glass attenuation radiating from the hilar areas. We report a rare case of psittacosis presenting a localized consolidation, clearly limited to the subpleural region of the lung.

The hydrolysis of trichlormethiazide (TCM) in silk fibroin gel (SFG) prepared in various sugar solutions (such as ribose, fructose, mannose, and glucose solutions) was determined. The hydrolysis rate of TCM differed with the variety of sugars utilized in this study; that is, it decreased in the following order: ribose > fructose > mannose > glucose. To investigate the relationship between the hydrolysis rate of TCM and the physicochemical properties of the sugar molecule, the amount of unfrozen water of sugar molecules was calculated from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The amount of unfrozen water increased with an increase in the number of the equatorial OH groups n(e-OH) per sugar molecule that are able to hydrate favorably to the surrounding water molecules. The hydrolysis rate constant decreased with increase in n(e-OH); glucose, having a large n(e-OH) in this study could effectively stabilize TCM.