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An understanding of genetic information and relationships among traits is required for an improvement programme to be successful. Therefore, this study aims to estimate certain (co)variance components for bodyweights Mecheri sheep collected at various ages. The data consisted of 2 768 records that were produced by the progeny of 110 sires and 748 dams maintained in the tropical climatic conditions of Tamil Nadu, India, between 2010 and 2020. Computations of the genetic parameters were made using Bayesian methods with Gibbs sampling. The direct heritability estimates for weight at birth (BWT), weaning (WWT), 6 months (6WT), 9 months (9WT) and one year old (12WT) were 0.155, 0.262, 0.069, 0.111 and 0.067, respectively. The maternal heritabilities obtained for the pre- and post-weaning traits were low, with the mean values for BWT, WWT, 6WT, 9WT and 12WT being 0.067, 0.030, 0.036, 0.040 and 0.039, respectively. The estimates of additive genetic correlations between bodyweights at the various ages were positive and of variable magnitude ranging from 0.198 (BWT-12WT) to 0.970 (6WT-9WT). The heritability of WWT was higher than the weights at other ages, and indicated the presence of significant genetic variation in this trait. There were also high correlations between WWT and post-weaning weights. Thus, WWT, recorded early in life, could be used as a selection criterion for improving the growth traits.

This article presents a small-scale Vivaldi wideband antenna. The proposed antenna has a large bandwidth and high radiation level with the compact structure. Simulated and rendered using a substratum of FR-4, a total of 20 mm2 of 17 mm2 is proposed antenna. The declared design resonance is 5.8 GHz (4.94GHz – 7.61GHz) with a bandwidth for impedance of 2.67 GHz. The efficiency is improved by 98.9% and 3.66 dB which is included in the proposed architecture are applications for IoT, 5G, WLAN, the Smart Transport System (ITS) and RFID.

Gut microbiota is essential for the development of obesity and related comorbidities. However, studies describing the association between specific bacteria and obesity or weight loss reported discordant results. The present observational study, conducted within the frame of the PREDIMED-Plus clinical trial, aims to assess the association between fecal microbiota, body composition and weight loss, in response to a 12-month lifestyle intervention in a subsample of 372 individuals (age 55-75) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Participants were stratified by tertiles of baseline body mass index (BMI) and changes in body weight after 12-month intervention. General assessments, anthropometry and biochemical measurements, and stool samples were collected. 16S amplicon sequencing was performed on bacterial DNA extracted from stool samples and microbiota analyzed. Differential abundance analysis showed an enrichment of Prevotella 9, Lachnospiraceae UCG-001 and Bacteroides, associated with a higher weight loss after 12-month of follow-up, whereas in the cross-sectional analysis, Prevotella 2 and Bacteroides were enriched in the lowest tertile of baseline BMI. Our findings suggest that fecal microbiota plays an important role in the control of body weight, supporting specific genera as potential target in personalized nutrition for obesity management. A more in-depth taxonomic identification method and the need of metabolic information encourages to further investigation.

Background: The Mediterranean diet is a well-recognized healthy diet that has shown to induce positive changes in gut microbiota. Lifestyle changes such as diet along with physical activity could aid in weight loss and improve cardiovascular risk factors. Objectives: To investigate the effect of an intensive lifestyle weight loss intervention on gut microbiota. Methods: This is a substudy of the PREDIMED-Plus (Prevention con Dieta Mediterrdnea-Plus), a randomized controlled trial conducted in overweight/obese men and women (aged 55-75 y) with metabolic syndrome. The intervention group (IG) underwent an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention based on an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity promotion. and the control group ((Xi) underwent a non-energy-restricted MedDiet for 1 y. Anthropometric, biochemical, and gut microbial 16S rRNA sequencing data were analyzed at baseline (n = 362) and 1-y follow-up (n = 343). Results: IG participants had a weight loss of 4.2 (IQR, -6.8, -2.5) kg compared with 0.2 (IQR, -2.1. 1.4) kg in the CG (P < 0.001). Reductions in BMI, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and triglycerides and an increase in HDL cholesterol were greater in IG than inCG participants (P < 0.05). We observed a decrease in Butyricicoccus, Haentophilus. Ruminiclostridium 5, and Eubacterium hall in the IG compared with the CG. Many genera shifted in the same direction within both intervention groups, indicating an overall effect of the MedDiet. Decreases in Themophilus. Coprococcus 3, and few other genera were associated with a decrease in adiposity parameters in both intervention groups. Changes in Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 were positively associated with changes in MedDiet adherence. Conclusions: Weight loss induced by an energy-restricted MedDiet and physical activity induce changes in gut microbiota. The role of MedDiet-induced changes on the host might be via short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, whereas with energy restriction, these changes might be modulated with other mechanisms, which need to be explored in future studies.

France was the first country to implement GST to reduce tax- evasion. Europeancountries have one rate of GST as they do not have poor families, unlike in India, wherefamilies cannot be burdened with the same tax as the rich. All credits will be online and somepenalties are like criminal activity. So it is threatening for the small businessman who is nowfree from Taxes. GST will be levied only at the final destination of consumption based onVAT principle and not at various points (from manufacturing to retail outlets). .Presently, atax is levied on when a finished product moves out from a factory, which is paid by themanufacturer, and it is again levied at the retail outlet when sold.