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5. Towards Institutionalization of One Health in Eastern and Southern Africa

Author

Richards, Shauna, Knight-Jones, Theo, Angombe, Simon, Becker, John, Bukachi, Salome A., Chirenda, Joconiah, Araujo, Lucinda, Nys, Hélène, Desta, Hiwot, Fafetine, Jose, Fevre, Eric, Freeman, Rachel, Grace, Delia, Hamoonga, Raymond, Hared, Yusuf Abdi, Hassim, Ayesha, Iraki, Bibiana, Justine, Okello, Kaba, Mirgissa, Kankya, Clovice, Karembu, Margaret, Kimaro, Esther G., Lukuyu, Ben, Matope, Gift, Mor, Siobhan M., Munyeme, Musso, Mutua, Florence, Mtegha, Chiku, Patel, Ekta, Pfukenyi, Davies, Pule-Meulenberg, Flora, Roesel, Kristina, Shirima, Gabriel, Shyaka, Anselme, Wood, Catherine, Yussuf, Buke, and Caron, Alexandre

Published
2024
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6. Retrospective analysis of laboratory diagnostic data to assess the seasonal and proportional distribution of major tick-borne diseases in cattle from selected smallholder farms, Zambia

Author

Silwamba Isaac, Chijikwa Jeremiah, Mutemwa Vigirio K., Chanda James, Nkhata Augustine, Chapple Jenny, Sialyobo Misheck, Mutale Juliet, Zgambo Natasha, Chama Nicholas, Muyangana Lungowe, Phiri Philip, Munyeme Musso, Nalubamba King S., Mainda Geoffrey, and Muma John Bwalya

Subjects
tick-borne diseases, cattle, smallholder farmers, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are endemic in Zambia and several other Sub-Saharan countries. They affect livestock production by causing high morbidity and mortality, resulting in increased production losses in terms of live-weight gain, milk production, off-take rates, and draft power. Herein, we applied a facility-based design to assess the proportion and seasonal distribution of theileriosis, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and heartwater in cattle from selected smallholder farms in Lusaka and Central provinces of Zambia using laboratory records for microscopic examination of haemoparasites. The overall proportions for theileriosis, babesiosis, and anaplasmosis were 33.7% (95% CI: 30.7–38.2%), 8.3% (95% CI: 6.4–10.9%), and 0.5% (95% CI: 0.1–1.4%), respectively. Heartwater was detected in all the six laboratory records reviewed. Lusaka province had the highest proportion of theileriosis at 30.2% (95% CI: 25.5–35.3%), followed by babesiosis, 8.5% (95% CI: 5.8–11.9%), and anaplasmosis, 0.3% (95% CI: 0.01–1.6%). Similarly, Central province had the highest proportion of theileriosis at 39.5% (95% CI: 33.8–45.4%), followed by babesiosis, 8.4% (95% CI: 5.5–12.2%), and anaplasmosis, 0.7% (95% CI: 0.1–2.5%). Among the districts, Rufunsa district had the highest proportion for theileriosis at 70.6% (95% CI: 44.0–89.7%), followed by Kafue, 54.5% (95% CI: 23.4–83.3%), and Shibuyunji, 51.4% (95% CI: 34.0–68.6%). Analysis of seasonal variation revealed no statistical difference between the dry and wet seasons for theileriosis, babesiosis, and anaplasmosis. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between Central and Lusaka provinces for babesiosis and anaplasmosis except for theileriosis. These data may have implications on farmers’ herd health management strategies with respect to TBDs, and farmers should be sensitized for effective implementation of risk-based disease control.

Published
2023
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12. Autochthonous Leishmania infantum in Dogs, Zambia, 2021

Author

Squarre, David, Chambaro, Herman M., Hayashida, Kyoko, Moonga, Lavel C., Qiu, Yongjin, Goto, Yasuyuki, Oparaocha, Elizabeth, Mumba, Chisoni, Muleya, Walter, Bwalya, Patricia, Chizimu, Joseph, Chembensofu, Mwelwa, Simulundu, Edgar, Mwasinga, Wizaso, Banda, Nelly, Mwenda, Racheal, Yamagishi, Junya, Nalubamba, King S., Banda, Fredrick, Munyeme, Musso, Sawa, Hirofumi, and Fandamu, Paul

Subjects
Dogs -- Diseases, Zoonoses -- Risk factors, Leishmaniasis -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease of humans and animals, is estimated to affect [less than or equal to] 1 million persons annually (https://www.who.int/ health-topics/leishmania). The disease is caused by intracellular [...]

Published
2022
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14. Antimicrobial Use Survey and Detection of ESBL- Escherichia coli in Commercial and Medium-/Small-Scale Poultry Farms in Selected Districts of Zambia.

Author

Sinyawa, Taona, Shawa, Misheck, Muuka, Geoffrey M., Goma, Fusya, Fandamu, Paul, Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, Khumalo, Cynthia Sipho, Mulavu, Malala, Ngoma, Masuzyo, Chambaro, Herman Moses, Kamboyi, Harvey Kakoma, Kajihara, Masahiro, Sawa, Hirofumi, Suzuki, Yasuhiko, Higashi, Hideaki, Mainda, Geoffrey, Munyeme, Musso, Muma, John Bwalya, Nyantakyi, Christian Owusu, and Egyir, Beverly

Subjects
POULTRY farms, ESCHERICHIA coli, WHOLE genome sequencing, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, MULTIDRUG resistance
Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Escherichia coli from food animals is a rising problem, and heavy antimicrobial use in poultry is a contributing factor. In Zambia, studies linking poultry-associated AMR and antibiotic use (AMU) are rare. This study aimed to investigate commercial and medium-/small-scale poultry farmers' usage of antimicrobials based on a questionnaire survey in ten districts of Zambia. In addition, the study characterized extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates obtained from poultry in the same districts. Data regarding knowledge and usage of antimicrobials were collected from commercial and medium-/small-scale poultry farmers using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. At the same time, cloacal samples were collected and analyzed. One hundred and fifty E. coli isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using eight antibiotic classes. The isolates were further screened for ESBL production by streaking them on cefotaxime (CTX)-supplemented MacConkey agar, then subjecting them to sequencing on a NextSeq. The questionnaire survey showed that more medium-/small-scale than commercial poultry farmers used antimicrobials (OR = 7.70, 95% CI = 2.88–20.61) but less prescriptions (OR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.00–0.08). Susceptibility testing revealed that resistance was highest to ampicillin (128/148, 86.5%) and tetracycline (101/136, 74.3%) and that the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) (28/30, 93.3%) was high. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of eight (8/30, 26.7%) isolates with CTX Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ≥ 4 µg/mL revealed the presence of ESBL-encoding genes blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-55, and blaTEM. WGS also detected other AMR genes for quinolones, aminoglycosides, phenicols, tetracycline, macrolides, and folate-pathway antagonists. Altogether, the questionnaire survey results showed a higher proportion of AMU and lower prescription usage among medium-/small-scale farmers. In addition, our results emphasize the circulation of ESBL-producing E. coli strains with associated MDR. It is critical to educate farmers about AMR risks and to encourage responsible usage of antimicrobials. Furthermore, there is a need to strengthen regulations limiting access to antimicrobials. Finally, there is a need to establish a one health system to guide public health response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Drivers of antimicrobial resistance in layer poultry farming: Evidence from high prevalence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and enterococci in Zambia

Author

Mudenda, Steward, primary, Bumbangi, Flavien Nsoni, additional, Yamba, Kaunda, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Malama, Sydney, additional, Mukosha, Moses, additional, Hadunka, Mwendalubi Albert, additional, Daka, Victor, additional, Matafwali, Scott Kaba, additional, Siluchali, Godfrey, additional, Mainda, Geoffrey, additional, Mukuma, Mercy, additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard Mudenda, additional, and Muma, John Bwalya, additional

Published
2023
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19. CLIMATIC DETERMINANTS OF COVID-19 CASES AND DEATHS IN UGANDA: 2020-2022

Author

Okello, Justine, primary, Nyakarahuka, Luke, additional, Muleme, James, additional, Atuheire, Collins, additional, Seruwagi, George, additional, Opiyo, Felix Lakor, additional, Kakuru, Glet Bitariho, additional, Muwanguzi, David, additional, Malata Phiri, Andrew, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Kankya, Clovice, additional, and Thomas, Lian, additional

Published
2023
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20. Marburgvirus in Egyptian Fruit Bats, Zambia

Author

Kajihara, Masahiro, Hangombe, Bernard M., Changula, Katendi, Harima, Hayato, Isono, Mao, Okuya, Kosuke, Yoshida, Reiko, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Eto, Yoshiki, Orba, Yasuko, Ogawa, Hirohito, Qiu, Yongjin, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Mwizabi, Daniel, Munyeme, Musso, Squarre, David, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, and Takada, Ayato

Subjects
Bats (Animals), Marburg virus disease, Disease susceptibility, Genomics, Primates, Hemorrhagic fevers, Ebola virus, Health
Abstract

The genus Marburgvirus, like Ebolavirus, belongs to the family Filoviridae and consists of virus species that cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. Marburgvirus contains 1 species, Marburg [...]

Published
2019

22. Genomic Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Resistant to Second-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in Lusaka, Zambia

Author

Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, primary, Solo, Eddie Samuneti, additional, Bwalya, Precious, additional, Kapalamula, Thoko Flav, additional, Mwale, Kaemba Kunkuta, additional, Squarre, David, additional, Shawa, Misheck, additional, Lungu, Patrick, additional, Barnes, David Atomanyi, additional, Yamba, Kaunda, additional, Mufune, Tiza, additional, Chambaro, Herman, additional, Kamboyi, Harvey, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard Mudenda, additional, Kapata, Nathan, additional, Mukonka, Victor, additional, Chilengi, Roma, additional, Thapa, Jeewan, additional, Nakajima, Chie, additional, and Suzuki, Yasuhiko, additional

Published
2023
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23. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from laying hens in Zambia: implications and significance on one health

Author

Mudenda, Steward, primary, Malama, Sydney, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Matafwali, Scott Kaba, additional, Kapila, Penjaninge, additional, Katemangwe, Patrick, additional, Mainda, Geoffrey, additional, Mukubesa, Andrew Nalishuwa, additional, Hadunka, Mwendalubi Albert, additional, and Muma, John Bwalya, additional

Published
2023
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24. Phenotypic Characterization and Antibiograms of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface Using a One Health Approach Among Households in Wakiso District, Uganda

Author

Muleme, James, primary, Kankya, Clovice, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Musoke, David, additional, Ssempebwa, John C, additional, Isunju, John Bosco, additional, Wambi, Rogers, additional, Balugaba, Bonny Enock, additional, Sekulima, Tahalu, additional, Mugambe, Richard K, additional, Cadmus, Simeon, additional, and Kajumbula, Henry M, additional

Published
2023
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25. Risk factors associated with zoonotic tuberculosis at the animal-human interface in a tuberculosis-endemic sub-Saharan country.

Author

MONDE, Ngula, MUNYEME, Musso, SIZIYA, Seter, ZULU, Mildred, CHONGWE, Gershom, KABELENGA, Elijah, DAKA, Victor, SIAME, Kabengele Keith, TEMBO, Rabecca, and MALAMA, Sydney

Subjects
CATTLE carcasses, TUBERCULOSIS, TUBERCULOSIS in cattle, CONTACT tracing, RAW milk, FACTOR analysis
Abstract

We aimed to assess the proportion of tuberculosis in humans and tuberculosis (TB)-associated abattoir condemnations from the animal sector, as well as determine risk factors of zoonotic tuberculosis at the animal-human interface in Zambia. The study involved 255 presumptive TB patients and 156 cattle carcasses and was conducted from April 2020 to December 2021. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were performed for risk factor analysis for zoonotic TB. The overall proportion of bovine tuberculosis in traditional cattle and the proportion of tuberculosis among presumptive TB patients were 39.7% and 10.2%, respectively. Consumption of raw milk (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.73–4.28) and history of previous contact with a TB patient (AOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.17–2.95) were risk factors for zoonotic TB at the animal-human interface of Zambia. Therefore, community campaigns and sensitization on zoonotic TB transmission are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Cryptosporidiosis Among Livestock and Dogs in Kasese District, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Kankya, Clovice, primary, Okello, Justine, additional, Natweta Baguma, James, additional, Wambi, Rogers, additional, Rose Ninsiima, Lesley, additional, Tubihemukama, Methodius, additional, Tricia Kulabako, Christine, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Hartnack, Sonja, additional, Okello, Walter, additional, Bugeza, James, additional, and Muleme, James, additional

Published
2023
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30. Health workers’ perspectives on the occurrence and management of antimicrobial resistance at the human-animal-environment interface in Uganda

Author

Muleme, James, primary, Kibira, Simon P.S., additional, Ssempebwa, John C., additional, Mugambe, Richard K., additional, Kankya, Clovice, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Kisaka, Stevens, additional, Isunju, John Bosco, additional, Ninsiima, Lesley Rose, additional, and Musoke, David, additional

Published
2023
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32. Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship

Author

Kainga, Henson, primary, Phonera, Marvin Collen, additional, Chikowe, Ibrahim, additional, Chatanga, Elisha, additional, Nyirongo, Hlupikire, additional, Luwe, Mike, additional, Mponela, James, additional, Kachisi, Vincent, additional, Kamanga, Nathani, additional, Chulu, Julius, additional, Njunga, Gilson, additional, Nabadda, Daisy, additional, Fonchin, Alyce, additional, Kallu, Simegnew Adugna, additional, Mudenda, Steward, additional, Tembo, Rabecca, additional, Zulu, Mildred, additional, Mwaba, Florence, additional, Mbewe, Natalia, additional, Mpundu, Prudence, additional, Samutela, Mulemba Tillika, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Muma, John Bwalya, additional, and Simulundu, Edgar, additional

Published
2023
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33. Identifying Bacteria with Public Health Significance from Farmed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Zambia

Author

Chitambo, Bertha, Munyeme, Musso, and Hang’ombe, Bernard

Abstract

Zambia has seen rapid development in aquaculture, and in recent years, the industry has experienced disease outbreaks where fish have increasingly become a potential contributor to emerging bacterial zoonotic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial pathogens with zoonotic potential in apparently healthy fish and water from their habitat. A total of sixty-three fish were sampled, and fifty-nine water samples were collected from the habitats of these fish. Bacteria were cultured from the internal organs of fish and water, and these were identified through standard bacteriological methods comprising morphological characterization, Gram-staining, and a panel of biochemical tests. The following bacterial pathogens with zoonotic potential were identified at a farm prevalence of Aeromonas (13.2%), Bacillus (2.1%), Clostridium (2.1%), Escherichia coli (0.7%), Klebsiella (6.9%), Lactococcus (2.1%), Listeria (0.7%), Staphylococcus (18.1%), and Streptococcus (0.7). Other bacteria with varying significance as fish pathogens identified included Acinetobacter (2.1%), Aequorivita (1.4%), Aerococcus (1.4%), Bordetella (2.1%), Carnobacterium (10.4%), Citrobacter (3.5%), Corynebacterium (1.4%), Dermatophilus (1.4%), Enterococcus (2.1%), Flavobacterium (4.2%), Micrococcus (6.9%), Planococcus (1.4%), Proteus (1.4%), Pseudomonas (6.3%), Rhodococcus (1.4%), Shewanella (1.4%), Streptococcus (0.7%), and Vagococcus (0.7%). The current study provides baseline information for future reference and the implementation of public health guidelines with regard to potential zoonotic diseases in fish.

Published
2023
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34. Control of paratuberculosis: who, why and how. A review of 48 countries

Author

Whittington, Richard, Donat, Karsten, Weber, Maarten F., Kelton, David, Nielsen, Søren Saxmose, Eisenberg, Suzanne, Arrigoni, Norma, Juste, Ramon, Sáez, Jose Luis, Dhand, Navneet, Santi, Annalisa, Michel, Anita, Barkema, Herman, Kralik, Petr, Kostoulas, Polychronis, Citer, Lorna, Griffin, Frank, Barwell, Rob, Moreira, Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo, Slana, Iva, Koehler, Heike, Singh, Shoor Vir, Yoo, Han Sang, Chávez-Gris, Gilberto, Goodridge, Amador, Ocepek, Matjaz, Garrido, Joseba, Stevenson, Karen, Collins, Mike, Alonso, Bernardo, Cirone, Karina, Paolicchi, Fernando, Gavey, Lawrence, Rahman, Md Tanvir, de Marchin, Emmanuelle, Van Praet, Willem, Bauman, Cathy, Fecteau, Gilles, McKenna, Shawn, Salgado, Miguel, Fernández-Silva, Jorge, Dziedzinska, Radka, Echeverría, Gustavo, Seppänen, Jaana, Thibault, Virginie, Fridriksdottir, Vala, Derakhshandeh, Abdolah, Haghkhah, Masoud, Ruocco, Luigi, Kawaji, Satoko, Momotani, Eiichi, Heuer, Cord, Norton, Solis, Cadmus, Simeon, Agdestein, Angelika, Kampen, Annette, Szteyn, Joanna, Frössling, Jenny, Schwan, Ebba, Caldow, George, Strain, Sam, Carter, Mike, Wells, Scott, Munyeme, Musso, Wolf, Robert, Gurung, Ratna, Verdugo, Cristobal, Fourichon, Christine, Yamamoto, Takehisa, Thapaliya, Sharada, Di Labio, Elena, Ekgatat, Monaya, Gil, Andres, Alesandre, Alvaro Nuñez, Piaggio, José, Suanes, Alejandra, and de Waard, Jacobus H.

Published
2019
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35. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella Isolated from Chickens and Humans in Wau, South Sudan

Author

Saad, Shereen, primary, Jubara, Ambros, additional, Wani, Charles, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Taha, Alfateh, additional, Mudenda, Steward, additional, Zulu, Mildred, additional, Mwasinga, Wizaso, additional, Samutela, Mulemba, additional, Tembo, Rabecca, additional, Muleya, Walter, additional, Kwenda, Geoffrey, additional, and Hang’ombe, Bernard Mudenda, additional

Published
2022
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36. Epidemiology of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producingEscherichia coliat the human-animal-environment interface in Wakiso district, Uganda

Author

Muleme, James, primary, Musoke, David, additional, Balugaba, Bonny E., additional, Kisaka, Stevens, additional, Makumbi, Frederick E., additional, Buregyeya, Esther, additional, Isunju, John B., additional, Rogers, Wambi, additional, Mugambe, Richard K., additional, Kankya, Clovice, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, and Ssempebwa, John C., additional

Published
2022
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37. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Enterococcus species isolated from laying hens in Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia: a call for AMR surveillance in the poultry sector

Author

Mudenda, Steward, primary, Matafwali, Scott Kaba, additional, Malama, Sydney, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Yamba, Kaunda, additional, Katemangwe, Patrick, additional, Siluchali, Godfrey, additional, Mainda, Geoffrey, additional, Mukuma, Mercy, additional, Bumbangi, Flavien Nsoni, additional, Mirisho, Robert, additional, and Muma, John Bwalya, additional

Published
2022
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39. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of community pharmacy professionals on poultry antimicrobial dispensing, use and resistance in Zambia : implications on antibiotic stewardship and WHO AWaRe classification of antibiotics

Author

Mudenda, Steward, Mukosha, Moses, Godman, Brian, Fadare, Joseph, Malama, Sydney, Munyeme, Musso, Hikaambo, Christabel Nang'andu, Kalungia, Aubrey Chiconyi, Hamachila, Audrey, Kainga, Henson, Bumbangi, Flavien Nsoni, Daka, Victor, Mfune, Ruth Lindizyani, Mainda, Geoffrey, Mufwambi, Webrod, Mpundu, Prudence, Kasanga, Maisa, Saad, Shereen Ahmed Mohammed, and Muma, John Bwalya

Subjects
RM
Abstract

Globally, the inappropriate dispensing and use of antibiotics in animals has contributed to the development of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Zambia, there is insufficient infor-mation among community pharmacy professionals on antibiotic use (AMU) and AMR in food-producing animals. This study assessed community pharmacy professionals' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding poultry antibiotic dispensing, use, and bacterial AMR the Lusaka district of Zambia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 community pharmacy pro-fessionals between February and April 2022 using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17. Of the total participants (n=178), 51.1% (n=91) were pharmacists. The most dispensed antibiotic was oxytetracycline, a Watch antibiotic, mainly without prescrip-tions. Good knowledge of AMU and AMR was associated with work experience for more than one year (p=0.016), while good practices were associated with male gender (p=0.039) and work expe-rience of more than one year (p=0.011). The study found moderate knowledge, positive attitudes and moderate practices of pharmacy professionals on poultry AMU and AMR. There was high dispensing of poultry antibiotics without prescriptions, which calls for strict implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programs in poultry production in Zambia to reduce AMR.

Published
2022

40. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Community Pharmacy Professionals on Poultry Antibiotic Dispensing, Use, and Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in Zambia: Implications on Antibiotic Stewardship and WHO AWaRe Classification of Antibiotics

Author

Mudenda, Steward, primary, Mukosha, Moses, additional, Godman, Brian, additional, Fadare, Joseph, additional, Malama, Sydney, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Hikaambo, Christabel Nang’andu, additional, Kalungia, Aubrey Chichonyi, additional, Hamachila, Audrey, additional, Kainga, Henson, additional, Bumbangi, Flavien Nsoni, additional, Daka, Victor, additional, Mfune, Ruth Lindizyani, additional, Mainda, Geoffrey, additional, Mufwambi, Webrod, additional, Mpundu, Prudence, additional, Kasanga, Maisa, additional, Saad, Shereen Ahmed Mohammed, additional, and Muma, John Bwalya, additional

Published
2022
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45. Human-wildlife interactions

Author

Le Bel, Sébastien, Jori, Ferran, Nyirenda, Vincent R., Munyeme, Musso, Hanyire, Tapiwanashe, Usman, Muhammad Faizan, Nsende, Evans, La Grange, Mike, and Mapuvire, George

Published
2022

46. Seropositivity rates of zoonotic pathogens in small ruminants and associated public health risks at informal urban markets in Zambia

Author

Lysholm, Sara, Fischer, Klara, Lindahl, Johanna, Munyeme, Musso, Wensman, Jonas Johansson, and Johansson Wensman, Jonas

Subjects
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Abstract

Informal livestock markets are an important source of animal-derived proteins for growing urban populations in countries such as Zambia. In parallel, they can also constitute pathways of zoonotic pathogen transmission to humans. This risk is aggravated by limited disease monitoring and poor control systems with regards to biosecurity and public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the risks for spread of zoonotic diseases in Zambia's two largest informal small ruminant markets, located in Lusaka and Kasumbalesa, through combining seroepidemiology with interviews and observations. In April, May and September 2018, serum samples (n = 237) were collected and analysed for antibodies for the zoonotic pathogens Brucella spp., Coxiella (C.) burnetii and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), using commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In addition, slaughterhouse activities were observed and semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions held with slaughterhouse workers and small ruminant traders, focusing on the handling of animals and meat, and the perceptions of zoonotic disease risks at slaughter and consumption. The study found seropositivity rates of 10.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.60-14.7) for Brucella spp., 5.9% (95% CI 3.27-9.71) for C. burnetii, and 0.8% (95% CI 0.10-3.01) for RVFV. Interviews with value chain members and observations at the slaughterhouse revealed unsanitary procedures and multiple occupational hazards for slaughterhouse workers. This study showed that the Zambian informal small ruminant trade system poses risks to public health, and that these risks are exacerbated by a lack of information about food-borne diseases and how associated risks can be mitigated amongst value chain actors. The results of this study can be used to formulate preventive measures to improve informal meat markets and reduce the risks to public health.

Published
2022

48. Awareness of Antimicrobial Resistance and Associated Factors among Layer Poultry Farmers in Zambia: Implications for Surveillance and Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs

Author

Mudenda, Steward, primary, Malama, Sydney, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard Mudenda, additional, Mainda, Geoffrey, additional, Kapona, Otridah, additional, Mukosha, Moses, additional, Yamba, Kaunda, additional, Bumbangi, Flavien Nsoni, additional, Mfune, Ruth Lindizyani, additional, Daka, Victor, additional, Mwenya, Darlington, additional, Mpundu, Prudence, additional, Siluchali, Godfrey, additional, and Muma, John Bwalya, additional

Published
2022
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49. Crossing the Line: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Transboundary Animal Diseases Along the Tanzania-Zambia Border

Author

Lysholm, Sara, primary, Lindahl, Johanna F., additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Misinzo, Gerald, additional, Mathew, Coletha, additional, Alvåsen, Karin, additional, Dautu, George, additional, Linde, Siri, additional, Mitternacht, Lydia, additional, Olovsson, Emelie, additional, Wilén, Elsa, additional, Berg, Mikael, additional, and Wensman, Jonas J., additional

Published
2022
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50. Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Tuberculosis in Slaughtered Cattle, Malawi

Author

Kapalamula, Thoko Flav, primary, Kawonga, Francis, additional, Shawa, Misheck, additional, Thapa, Jeewan, additional, Chizimu, Joseph Yamweka, additional, Nyenje, Mirriam Ethel, additional, Mkakosya, Rajhab Sawasawa, additional, Hayashida, Kyoko, additional, Gordon, Stephen, additional, Nakajima, Chie, additional, Munyeme, Musso, additional, Hang’ombe, Bernard Mudenda, additional, and Suzuki, Yasuhiko, additional

Published
2022
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