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The closure of ileostomy is associated with significant morbidity, the most common being surgical site infection (SSI), ranging up to 41%. This study compared the stoma site SSI rates after either the conventional-linear closure (CLC) or purse-string closure (PSC).The study conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study of elective loop-ileostomy closures from June 2015 to January 2021. Patient demographics, surgical techniques and outcomes, including SSI rates, were analysed using SPSS ver.27.Hundred and six patients underwent loop-ileostomy closure, 91.5% (n = 97) had CLC of which 67% (n = 65) were stapled. Male patients comprise 67.9%, with a median age of 62. The median BMI was 27. The median surgical time, LOS and interval time to closure were 66 min, 4.5 days and 5.5 months, respectively. The SSI rate was 19.6% (n = 19) for CLC and 11.1% (n = 1) for PSC. The SSI rate was significantly reduced to 3.7% (P 0.001) in CLC when the site was washed with betadine. Multivariate logistic regression controlled for statistically insignificant confounders showed that stoma site betadine wash was significantly and independently associated with reduced SSI risk (P = 0.026). Other significant factors which reduced SSI risk were prophylactic antibiotic therapy (P = 0.004), operative time 60 min (P = 0.021), and having the closure done3 months post the formation surgery (P = 0.040).This study found that stoma SSI risk was independently and significantly reduced when CLC stapled site was washed with betadine. This low-cost intervention that significantly reduced skin closure site SSI rates is readily available and can easily be adopted into clinical practice.

Post-operative management after phaeochromocytoma resection includes monitoring of blood pressure and blood sugar, and vigilance for haemorrhage. Guidelines recommend 24 h of continuous blood pressure monitoring, usually necessitating HDU/ICU admission. We hypothesised that most patients undergoing phaeochromocytoma resection do not require post-operative HDU/ICU admission. We aim to describe current Australian and New Zealand perioperative management of phaeochromocytoma and determine whether it is safe to omit HDU/ICU care for most patients.We collected retrospective data on patients undergoing excision of phaeochromocytoma in 12 centres around Australia and New Zealand between 2007 and 2019. Data collected included preoperative medical management, anaesthetic management, vasopressor support, HDU/ICU admission and complications.A total of 223 patients were included in the study, 173 (77%) of whom were admitted to HDU/ICU post-operatively. The group of patients treated in ICU was similar to the group of patients treated on the ward in terms of demographic and tumour characteristics, and there were significant differences in the proportion of patients admitted to HDU/ICU between centres. Of patients admitted to ICU, 71 (41%) received vasopressor support. This was weaned within 24 h in 55 (77%) patients. Patients with larger tumours ( 6 cm) and a transfusion requirement are more likely to require prolonged inotropic support. Among patients admitted to the ward, there were no complications that required escalation of care.Although not widespread practice in Australia and New Zealand, it appears safe for the majority of patients undergoing minimally invasive resection of phaeochromocytoma to be admitted to the ward post-operatively.

In the original version of the article there were formatting errors in Table 4. Following is the corrected table.

Objectives To investigate influenza vaccination uptake rates, attitudes and motivations towards influenza vaccination among student health care workers (HCWs). Material and methods Self-reported influenza vaccination uptake among student HCWs at The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia (UNDAF) was surveyed before and after implementation of a peer-led, student-centered campaign to raise awareness of, and improve access to, influenza vaccination. Data were weighted and analysed using logistic regression. Results Pre-campaign influenza vaccination uptake was 36.3% (95% CI = 31.8%–40.8%), with students identifying lack of awareness of both the Australian Government's recommendations and university policy, cost, and inconvenience of vaccine access as key barriers. Post-campaign vaccination coverage increased significantly to 55.9% (95% CI = 52.2%–59.6%). Multivariate logistic regression, controlled for statistically insignificant confounders of age and gender, showed that being a student HCW in 2014 (campaign year) was significantly and independently associated with influenza vaccination (OR 2.2, 95% CI = 1.7–2.9, P Conclusions Student HCWs' influenza vaccination uptake improved significantly following a low-cost, peer-led promotional campaign. This approach can be adapted to other settings.

The kinetics of the degradation of the herbicide glyphosate in distilled water and river water containing river sediment were investigated over a period of 12 days. No appreciable degradation of glyphosate was observed in distilled water, while rapid degradation occurred in the river water plus sediment from the outset, suggesting that the degradation is mainly microbial. An immediate 35% loss from solution of glyphosate due to adsorption to suspended sediment particles and deposition to the bottom sediment was observed in the river water plus sediment experiment. Subsequently, two linear rates of degradationwere observed in the water phase of this experiment: an initial rapid degradation followed by a slower breakdown