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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is key to achieving viral load suppression and ending the HIV epidemic but monitoring and supporting adherence using current interventions is challenging. We assessed the feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness of MedViewer (MV), a novel intervention that provides real-time adherence feedback for patients and providers using infra-red matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) for mass spectrometry imaging of daily ART concentrations in patients' hair. We used mixed methods to feasibility test MV at a busy Infectious Diseases (ID) clinic, enrolling 16 providers and 36 patients. Providers underwent standardized training; patients and providers watched an 8-min informational video about MV. We collected patient and provider data at baseline and within 24 h of clinic visits and, with patients, approximately 1 month after clinic visits. MedViewer was feasible, liked by patients and providers, and perceived to help facilitate adherence conversations and motivate patients to improve adherence. Trial Registration: NCT04232540., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of the relationship between employment and retention in HIV care among gay and bisexual men and transgender women in Guatemala. We interviewed gay and bisexual men ( n  = 18) and transgender women ( n  = 9) receiving care at HIV clinics in three Guatemalan cities. Thematic coding and narrative analysis were used to describe employment experiences and identify employment factors that enabled or hindered retention within the broader context of participants' lives. Employment types ranged from formal, salaried positions to informal jobs; several participants were unemployed. Intersecting stigma related to HIV status, sexual orientation and gender identity reduced participants' ability to find and maintain stable, adequately compensated work. Job opportunities were particularly limited for transgender women due to discrimination related to gender identity. Among gay and bisexual men, discrimination related to HIV was the most salient barrier to employment. Three main employment-related determinants of retention were identified: work schedule, relationships with employers, and income. HIV care and treatment services should be strategically located and have flexible hours tailored to the employment schedules and needs of key populations living with HIV. Social protection programmes are needed to foster quality employment opportunities that facilitate attendance at HIV care appointments.