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1. Reducing HIV-related stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings: a systematic review of guidelines, tools, standards of practice, best practices, consensus statements and systematic reviews

Author

Feyissa GT, Lockwood C, Woldie M, and Munn Z

Subjects
HIV, stigma, guideline, systematic review, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Garumma Tolu Feyissa,1–3 Craig Lockwood,3 Mirkuzie Woldie,1,2,4 Zachary Munn3 1Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; 2Ethiopian Evidence Based Healthcare Centre, JBI Center of Excellence, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; 3School of Public Health, The Joanna Briggs Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 4Department of Health Economics, Management and Policy, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia Introduction: Policy makers and health professionals prefer to use preappraised and summarized evidence. Stigma and discrimination (SAD) reduction activities and programs are needed to improve the quality of care delivered to people living with HIV and the success of HIV-related prevention, care and treatment programs. The objective of this review was to identify and describe systematic reviews, best practices, consensus statements, standards of practice and guidelines that addressed SAD among healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: All documents in the form of systematic reviews, best practices, consensus statements, standards of practice and guidelines were considered for inclusion. The search strategy aimed to find both published and unpublished studies reported in English with unlimited date range in Excerpta Medica Database from Elsevier (EMBASE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Psychological Information (PsycINFO) database and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Websites of organizations and guideline databases were also searched. Two individuals independently appraised the quality of the documents using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews. Data extraction was done using a customized tool that was developed to record the key information of the source that is relevant to the review question. Results: Twelve records (six guideline-related documents and six systematic reviews) were included in the review. Interventions and recommendations developed to reduce HIV-related SAD were categorized into information-based, structural, biomedical, counseling and support, skills building and contact interventions. Conclusion: Implications for practice: Interventions that reduce HIV-related SAD are broadly categorized into information-based, structural, biomedical, counseling and support, skills building and contact interventions. Because of limited methodological description of the included documents, it was difficult to draw recommendations for policy and practice. Implications for research: Future studies need to use up-to-date instruments to measure SAD. Further studies of greater methodological quality are needed. Guidelines, tools and best practice documents that aim to reduce HIV-related SAD should be developed with the considerations of research evidence on the specific setting and specific targeted populations. Keywords: HIV, stigma, guideline, systematic review

Published
2018

4. Development and testing of a tool to foster shared decision-making between patients and healthcare professionals in clinical practice guidelines

Author

Fischer, L, Scheibler, F, Schaefer, C, Karge, T, Langer, T, Schewe, LV, Florez, ID, Li, S, Maes-Carballo, M, Munn, Z, Perestelo-Perez, L, Puljak, L, Stiggelbout, A, Pieper, D, Fischer, L, Scheibler, F, Schaefer, C, Karge, T, Langer, T, Schewe, LV, Florez, ID, Li, S, Maes-Carballo, M, Munn, Z, Perestelo-Perez, L, Puljak, L, Stiggelbout, A, and Pieper, D

Published
2024

9. Scoping reviews - when and how to conduct and report

Author

Pieper, D, Alexander, L, Brandao, E, Evans, C, Godfrey, C, Khalil, H, McInerney, P, Munn, Z, Peters, M, Pollock, D, Tricco, A, Pieper, D, Alexander, L, Brandao, E, Evans, C, Godfrey, C, Khalil, H, McInerney, P, Munn, Z, Peters, M, Pollock, D, and Tricco, A

Published
2022

10. Trends in guideline implementation: an updated scoping review

Author

Peters, S, Sukumar, K, Blanchard, S, Ramasamy, A, Malinowski, J, Ginex, P, Senerth, E, Corremans, M, Munn, Z, Kredo, T, Remon, LP, Ngeh, E, Kalman, L, Alhabib, S, Amer, YS, Gagliardi, A, Peters, S, Sukumar, K, Blanchard, S, Ramasamy, A, Malinowski, J, Ginex, P, Senerth, E, Corremans, M, Munn, Z, Kredo, T, Remon, LP, Ngeh, E, Kalman, L, Alhabib, S, Amer, YS, and Gagliardi, A

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Guidelines aim to support evidence-informed practice but are inconsistently used without implementation strategies. Our prior scoping review revealed that guideline implementation interventions were not selected and tailored based on processes known to enhance guideline uptake and impact. The purpose of this study was to update the prior scoping review. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies published from 2014 to January 2021 that evaluated guideline implementation interventions. We screened studies in triplicate and extracted data in duplicate. We reported study and intervention characteristics and studies that achieved impact with summary statistics. RESULTS: We included 118 studies that implemented guidelines on 16 clinical topics. With regard to implementation planning, 21% of studies referred to theories or frameworks, 50% pre-identified implementation barriers, and 36% engaged stakeholders in selecting or tailoring interventions. Studies that employed frameworks (n=25) most often used the theoretical domains framework (28%) or social cognitive theory (28%). Those that pre-identified barriers (n=59) most often consulted literature (60%). Those that engaged stakeholders (n=42) most often consulted healthcare professionals (79%). Common interventions included educating professionals about guidelines (44%) and information systems/technology (41%). Most studies employed multi-faceted interventions (75%). A total of 97 (82%) studies achieved impact (improvements in one or more reported outcomes) including 10 (40% of 25) studies that employed frameworks, 28 (47.45% of 59) studies that pre-identified barriers, 22 (52.38% of 42) studies that engaged stakeholders, and 21 (70% of 30) studies that employed single interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to our prior review, this review found that more studies used processes to select and tailor interventions, and a wider array of typ

Published
2022

11. Dietary Supplements in People with Metastatic Cancer Who Are Experiencing Malnutrition, Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Frailty: A Scoping Review.

Author

Johal, J, Han, CY, Joseph, R, Munn, Z, Agbejule, OA, Crawford-Williams, F, Wallen, MP, Chan, RJ, Hart, NH, Johal, J, Han, CY, Joseph, R, Munn, Z, Agbejule, OA, Crawford-Williams, F, Wallen, MP, Chan, RJ, and Hart, NH

Abstract

Cancer-associated malnutrition, or cachexia, stemming from cancer or its treatments, is particularly prevalent in metastatic cancers, and is often interrelated with sarcopenia and frailty. Evidence suggests that dietary supplements play a role in managing these conditions. As metastatic cancer cells are associated with notable genomic and phenotypic alterations, response to dietary supplements may differ between metastatic and non-metastatic cancers. However, research in this area is lacking. This scoping review aims to identify the dietary supplements that have been studied in patients with metastatic cancers and malnutrition-related conditions, along with their proposed effects, mechanisms, outcome measures, and tools used. A systematic search was conducted across databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and clinical trial registries. Of the initial 6535 records screened, a total of 48 studies were included, covering a range of dietary supplements-vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, fiber, and others. While the types of dietary supplements included varied across cancer types, omega-3 and carnitine were investigated most often. Proposed relevant attributes of dietary supplements included their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory properties. Overall, there was a paucity of interventional studies, and more randomized controlled trials are warranted.

Published
2022

13. The MethodologicAl STandards for Epidemiological Research (MASTER) scale demonstrated a unified framework for bias assessment

Author

Stone, J.C., Glass, K., Clark, J., Ritskes-Hoitinga, M., Munn, Z., Tugwell, P., Doi, S.A., Stone, J.C., Glass, K., Clark, J., Ritskes-Hoitinga, M., Munn, Z., Tugwell, P., and Doi, S.A.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a unified framework for assessment of the methodological quality of analytic study designs. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A systematic review of 393 methodological quality assessment tools that updated a previous assessment with 100 tools. Tool items were extracted, examined and reworded. Bias domains and finally methodological standards to be fulfilled were defined. RESULTS: There were 36 unique methodological safeguards that were categorized into seven methodological standards to be fulfilled in the MASTER scale. These methodological standards reflect initial and ongoing equivalence in particular areas, including equal recruitment, equal retention, equal ascertainment, equal implementation, equal prognosis, sufficient analysis, and temporal precedence. CONCLUSION: This approach unifies existing methods for methodological quality assessment and will be useful for (1) clinical researchers when a bias assessment of clinical research studies is required across analytical designs, (2) promoting a unified framework for bias assessment.

Published
2021

14. Use of GRADE for assessment of evidence about prognostic factors: rating certainty in identification of groups of patients with different absolute risks

Author

Foroutan, F, Guyatt, G, Zuk, V, Vandvik, PO, Alba, AC, Mustafa, R, Vernooij, R, Rodriguez, I, Munn, Z, Roshanov, P, Riley, RD, Schandelmaier, S, Kujipers, T, Siemieniuk, R, Avbar, CC, Schunemann, H, and Iorio, A

Subjects
R1, RA
Abstract

The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to rating certainty in the results of research studies was initially developed for therapeutic questions. The approach considers: study design, risk of bias; inconsistency; imprecision; indirectness, publication bias; magnitude of effect; and dose-response. Questions about prognosis bear great relevance for decision-making in health care. Studies of prognosis can inform individuals about their likely outcome: for instance, in patients with a new diagnosis of cancer, are they likely to be alive or dead in five years. Further, prognostic studies can aid decisions in those considering treatment: for instance, is one's risk high enough to use medication to prevent cardiovascular disease. It follows that health care professionals and patients need to know how confident they can be regarding such prognostic estimates. We have previously provided guidance for using the GRADE approach to determine certainty in estimates of future events in broad categories of patients (overall prognosis). Prognostic studies may also provide more or less robust estimates of the association between patient characteristics (such as their age, sex, and coexisting illness) and undesirable or desirable outcomes. GRADE's approach to certainty of the evidence aims to inform clinicians and patients of the trustworthiness of the estimates from systematic reviews of studies addressing such individual prognostic factors.

Published
2020

15. The eCOVID-19 living recommendations map and gateway to contextualisation

Author

Stevens, A, Lotfi, T, Akl, EA, Falavigna, M, Kredo, T, Mathew, JL, Avey, MT, Brignardello-Petersen, R, Chu, DK, Dewidar, O, Duda, S, Dietl, B, Flottorp, S, Hajizadeh, A, Iorio, A, Klugar, M, Langendam, MW, Litynska, J, Moja, L, Neumann, I, Nowak, A, Piggott, T, Reinap, M, Solo, K, Smith, M, Tugwell, P, Turgeon, AF, Vist, G, Welch, V, Wright, JM, Al-Hakim, L, Cotoi, C, Davoli, M, Dearness, K, Harrow, E, Kantorova, L, Khabsa, JP, Klugarova, J, Mertz, D, Munn, Z, Navarro, T, Parrish, R, Persaud, N, Pottie, K, Rada, G, Reveiz, L, Hayes, A, Kuchenmuller, T, Mittman, N, Rodin, R, Alhazzini, W, Alonso-Coello, P, Brozek, J, Hartling, L, Loeb, M, Mbuagbaw, L, Meerpohl, JJ, Mustafa, RA, Nieuwlaat, R, Santesso, N, and Schunemann, HJ

Published
2020

30. Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*SYSTEMATIC reviews, *CATHETERS, *PARENTERAL feeding, *NEWBORN infant nutrition, *EVIDENCE-based nursing, *META-analysis
Abstract

A summary of a systematic review which aimed to assess the effectiveness of percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates is presented. The cochrane review contains a meta-analysis of four trials including 368 infants. The characteristics of the evidence are discussed. The relevance and implications of the review for nursing are explored.

Published
2008
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31. Home vs. inpatient treatment for deep vein thrombosis.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*SYSTEMATIC reviews, *EVIDENCE-based nursing, *CARDIOVASCULAR disease treatment, *THROMBOSIS, *HEPARIN, *META-analysis, *CLINICAL trials
Abstract

A summary of a systematic review which aimed to assess the effectiveness of home treatment compared with inpatient treatment of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is presented. The cochrane review contains a meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials. The characteristics of the evidence are discussed. The relevance and implications of the review for nursing are explored.

Published
2008
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32. Care delivery and self-management strategies for adults with epilepsy.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*EPILEPSY, *SELF-management (Psychology), *SICK people, *MEDICAL care, *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, *PATIENT education
Abstract

The article presents a review of the study "Care Delivery and Self-Management Strategies for Adults With Epilepsy," by P. M. Bradley and B. Lindsay. The aim of the review is to determine if special models for care delivery and self-management strategies are more effective than general care. Coping and understanding of epilepsy and compliance with treatment have increased in trials for self-management education. The review concludes that clinical judgment is needed to determine the caring method that would suit people with epilepsy.

Published
2008
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33. Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*SMOKING cessation, *OPERANT behavior, *BEHAVIOR therapy, *CORONARY disease, *MYOCARDIAL infarction, *SMOKING
Abstract

The article presents a review of the study "Psychosocial Interventions for Smoking Cessation in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease," by J. Barth, J. Critchley and J. Bengel. It is said that when a smoker quit smoking after a cardiovascular event, the likelihood of mortality and myocardial infarction will be lessened. Among the interventions evaluated are behavioral therapeutic interventions and telephone support. The review concludes that psychosocial interventions are effective.

Published
2008
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34. Follow-up strategies for patients treated for non-metastatic colorectal cancer.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*COLON cancer, *CANCER patients, *CLINICAL trials, *NURSING research, *METASTASIS
Abstract

The article presents a systematic review of a study which investigated follow-up strategies for patients treated for non-metastatic colorectal cancer. It is noted that eight randomized controlled trials (RCT) with 2141 participants met the inclusion criteria for the review. The implications of the study for nursing and research are cited including the need for further trials to assess outcomes for which there is limited evidence.

Published
2008
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35. Interventions for reducing anxiety in women undergoing colposcopy.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*ANXIETY in women, *COLPOSCOPY, *PSYCHOLOGY of women, *META-analysis, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *NURSING research
Abstract

The article presents a systematic review of a study which investigated the effectiveness of interventions used for reducing anxiety in women undergoing colposcopy. The type of review used was Cochrane, including meta-analysis of trials. The article also cites the study's implications for nursing and research, including a need for rigorously conducted large-scale randomized controlled trials to assess the interventions assessed in the review.

Published
2008
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36. Lidocaine for pain relief in burn injured patients.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*SYSTEMATIC reviews, *DRUG efficacy, *LIDOCAINE, *PAIN management, *BURN patients, *NURSING practice
Abstract

The article presents a background on the systematic review which aimed to determine the effectiveness of lidocaine to relieve pain in patients with burn injuries. The relevance of the systematic review for nursing practice is discussed. The characteristics of evidence as well as the implications for nursing and research are explored.

Published
2008
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37. Mobilization strategies after hip fracture surgery in adults.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*SYSTEMATIC reviews, *TOTAL hip replacement, *TREATMENT of fractures, *PHYSICAL therapy, *BONE fractures in old age, *NURSING practice
Abstract

The article presents a background on the systematic review which aimed to determine the effectiveness of different mobilization strategies utilized posthip fracture surgery in adults. The relevance of the systematic review for nursing practice is discussed. The characteristics of evidence as well as the implications for nursing and research are explored.

Published
2008
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38. Nursing administration of medication via enteral tubes in adults.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*NURSING services administration, *HEALTH services administration, *DRUGS, *CLINICAL trials, *MEDICAL care
Abstract

The article presents a full review report on nursing administration of medication via enteral tubes in adults. In this review, two randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included, along with one prospective controlled trial and six observational studies. A liquid form is preferable to a solid form for administration of medication through an enteral tube to prevent occlusion. It has been noted that medication in liquid form is preferable over solid form for administration via enteral tubes to reduce the risk of occlusion.

Published
2008
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39. Minimizing undernutrition in the older inpatient.

Author

Munn Z

Subjects
*MALNUTRITION, *OLDER patients, *CLINICAL trials, *NUTRITION, *HOSPITAL food service
Abstract

The article presents a full review report on minimizing undernutrition in the older inpatient. Undernutrition can have serious implications including delayed recovery and increased likelihood of suffering from medical complications. In this review, twenty-nine studies with 4021 participants were included. Also included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, longitudinal studies, cohort studies, case control and time series. In four studies, changing the hospital diet to improve nutrition was assessed.

Published
2008
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44. Connect the dots.

Author

Munn Z, Moola S, McArthur A, and Jayasekara R

Published
2009

47. The role of scoping reviews in reducing research waste

Author

Hanan Khalil, Micah D.J. Peters, Patricia A. McInerney, Christina M. Godfrey, Lyndsay Alexander, Catrin Evans, Dawid Pieper, Erica B. Moraes, Andrea C. Tricco, Zachary Munn, Danielle Pollock, Khalil, H, Peters, MDJ, McInerney, P, Godfrey, CM, Alexander, L, Evans, C, Pieper, D, Moraes, EB, Tricco, AC, Munn, Z, and Pollock, D

Subjects
research waste, reporting, Epidemiology, quality, methodology, scoping reviews
Abstract

Objective: Scoping reviews and evidence map methodologies are increasingly being used by researchers. The objective of this article is to examine how scoping reviews can reduce research waste. Study design and setting: This article summarises the key issues facing the research community regarding research waste and how scoping reviews can make an important contribution to the reduction of research waste in both primary and secondary research. Results: The problem of research waste is an enduring challenge for global health, leading to a waste of human and financial resources and producing research outputs that do not provide answers to the most pressing research questions. Research waste occurs within primary research but also in secondary research such as evidence syntheses. The focus of scoping reviews on characterising the nature of existing evidence on a topic and of including all types of evidence, potentially reduces research waste in five ways: (i) identifying key research gaps on a topic, (ii) determining appropriate outcome measures, (iii) mapping existing methodological approaches, (iv) developing a consistent understanding of terms and concepts used in existing evidence, and (v) ensuring scoping reviews do not exacerbate the issue of research waste. Conclusion: To ensure that scoping reviews do not themselves end up contributing to research waste, it is important to register the scoping review and to ensure that international reporting standards and methodological guidance are followed. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2022

48. Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach

Author

Catalin Tufanaru, Cindy Stern, Edoardo Aromataris, Alexa McArthur, Zachary Munn, Micah D J Peters, Munn, Z, Peters, MDJ, Stern, C, Tufanaru, C, McArthur, A, and Aromataris, E

Subjects
Scoping review, Debate, Epidemiology, Decision Making, Evidence-based healthcare, Guidelines as Topic, Health Informatics, Choice Behavior, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, systematic review, Humans, Relevance (law), 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:R5-920, Evidence-Based Medicine, Scope (project management), Management science, Publications, Research Personnel, Review Literature as Topic, Systematic review, Trustworthiness, Research Design, Evidence based healthcare, scoping review, Psychology, lcsh:Medicine (General), Inclusion (education), evidence-based healthcare, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Evidence synthesis, Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract

Background: Scoping reviews are a relatively new approach to evidence synthesis and currently there exists little guidance regarding the decision to choose between a systematic review or scoping review approach when synthesising evidence. The purpose of this article is to clearly describe the differences in indications between scoping reviews and systematic reviews and to provide guidance for when a scoping review is (and is not) appropriate. Results: Researchers may conduct scoping reviews instead of systematic reviews where the purpose of the review is to identify knowledge gaps, scope a body of literature, clarify concepts or to investigate research conduct. While useful in their own right, scoping reviews may also be helpful precursors to systematic reviews and can be used to confirm the relevance of inclusion criteria and potential questions. Conclusions: Scoping reviews are a useful tool in the ever increasing arsenal of evidence synthesis approaches. Although conducted for different purposes compared to systematic reviews, scoping reviews still require rigorous and transparent methods in their conduct to ensure that the results are trustworthy. Our hope is that with clear guidance available regarding whether to conduct a scoping review or a systematic review, there will be less scoping reviews being performed for inappropriate indications better served by a systematic review, and vice-versa usc Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2018
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49. An International educational training course for conducting systematic reviews in health care: the Joanna Briggs Institute's comprehensive systematic review training program

Author

Craig Lockwood, Zac Munn, Kylie Porritt, Cindy Stern, Matthew Stephenson, Micah D J Peters, Zoe Jordan, Susan Bellman, Stern, C, Munn, Z, Porritt, K, Lockwood, C, Peters, MDJ, Bellman, S, Stephenson, M, and Jordan, Z

Subjects
Best practice, Globe, 03 medical and health sciences, Face-to-face, 0302 clinical medicine, Health care, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Nursing, Medical education, education, 030504 nursing, business.industry, Research, Teaching, Standardized approach, Cornerstone, General Medicine, Evidence-based medicine, Systematic review, medicine.anatomical_structure, Research Design, evidence-based health care, methodologies, 0305 other medical science, business, Psychology, Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract

Background: The cornerstone of evidence-based health care is the systematic review of international evidence. Systematic reviews follow a rigorous, standardized approach in their conduct and reporting, and as such, education and training are essential prior to commencement. Aims: This study reports on the evolution of the Joanna Briggs Institute Comprehensive Systematic Review Training Program (JBICSRTP) as an exemplar approach for teaching systematic review methods. Results: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) is an international research and development center at the University of Adelaide, South Australia. Its mission is to promote and facilitate evidence-based best practice globally, largely through the provision of education and training. JBI was one of the first to consider all forms of evidence in systematic reviews, and as such, implementation of standardized training was essential. Since 1999, JBI has offered a systematic review training program. The JBICSRTP is now delivered face to face over 5 days, with an optional online component; the content aligns to that proposed in the Sicily statement. Over the last 3 years, JBI and its Collaboration have trained over 3,300 people from over 30 countries. A ”train-the-trainer” (TtT) style program was established to cope with demand, and to date, hundreds of trainers have been licensed across the globe to deliver the JBICSRTP. Linking Evidence to Action: Providing standardized training materials, ensuring open and ongoing communication, and adopting a TtT style program while still allowing for local adaptability are strategies that have led to the establishment of a highly skilled global training network and ensured the success and longevity of the JBICSRTP. usc Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2018

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