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Ada Regina Trindade de Almeida,1,2 Elisa Raquel Martins C Marques,1,2 Letícia Arsie Contin,1,2 Camila Trindade de Almeida,2 Mariana Muniz3 1Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; 2For Trials Pesquisa Clínica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; 3Dermatology Private Office, São Paulo, SP, BrazilCorrespondence: Ada Regina Trindade de Almeida, R. Turiassu, 390 - cjs 113-114 - Perdizes, São Paulo, SP, 05005-000, Brazil, Email artrindal@uol.com.brBackground: The subdermal injection of calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) can improve the mechanical properties of the skin, providing immediate correction and stimulating the endogenous production of collagen, elastin, angiogenesis, and dermal cell proliferation; however, few studies have examined the neck region.Purpose: This study assessed the clinical and ultrasonographic improvement induced by two sessions of subdermal injection of hyperdiluted (1:4) CaHA for neck rejuvenation in 22 women.Patients and Methods: A quasi-experimental longitudinal trial (before and after) was performed by enrolling 22 adult women with mild and moderate neck aging (grades 1 and 2) on Merz Neck Volume Scale at rest (laxity) and Neck Horizontal Lines. They were submitted to two sessions of subdermal hyperdiluted CaHA (D0 and D45) treatments and assessed clinically and ultrasonographically at D0, D45, and D120. The main outcomes were the blinded photographic assessment (Merz scales of neck laxity and horizontal lines), dermal thickness (at three points), and the GAIS (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale) score.Results: The mean (SD) age was 43.5 (5.6) years. At the inclusion, the Merz scores for neck laxity were mild for 27% and moderate for 73% of participants, and the Merz scores for necklines were mild for 32% and moderate for 68%. At D120, scores decreased in 86% (95% CI 68– 99%) of the participants by at least one degree on the necklines scale and in 82% (95% CI 73– 90%) for neck laxity. According to the GAIS, 91% (95% CI 77– 99%) of the participants evidenced improvement at D120. The mean dermal thickness increased by 15% (95% CI 8– 21%) at D120. No severe adverse effects were recorded, and high satisfaction was reported by 82% of the participants.Conclusion: Two sessions of subdermal hyperdiluted CaHA were well-tolerated and improved necklines, neck laxity, and dermal thickness in adult women with mild and moderate cervical aging.Keywords: rejuvenation, biostimulatory treatment, neocollagenesis, calcium hydroxylapatite, neck, collagen, dermis

Bianca Viscomi,1 Gladstone Faria,2 Claudia A Hernandez,3 Luiz Perez,4 Julieta Spada,5 Victoria De la Fuente,6 Mariana Muniz7 1Dermatologist, Bianca Viscomi Dermatologia Private Practice, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Plastic Surgeon, Gladstone Institute Private Practice, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Dermatologist, MD Dermatology Private Practice, Medellin, Colombia; 4Dermatologist, Espaço Mira Private Practice, São Paulo, Brazil; 5Dermatologist, Dermatología y Estética Private Practice, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 6Dermatologist, Senshi Derma Clinic Studio Private Practice, Mexico City, Mexico; 7Dermatologist, Mariana Muniz Dermatologia Private Practice, São Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Bianca Viscomi, R Correia Dias, 530 suite 131, São Paulo, SP, 04104-001, Brazil, Tel +5511 97222-0525 ; +55113051-2304, Email biancaviscomi@yahoo.com.brAbstract: A well-defined jawline is aesthetically pleasing, so that rejuvenation of the jawline is becoming part of routine aesthetic practice. Restoring balance to the lower face without surgical intervention requires a multiple treatment approach, among which the minimally invasive injectables play a central role. Nevertheless, amidst the plethora of different injectable products available, choosing the option that best suits the patient’s need can be a challenge. A panel of experts sought to describe herein 4 clinical cases, illustrating the Contouring Plus technique, which provides a practical guidance for lower third assessment, choice of products, and treatment execution, especially among hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite, aiming for immediate, as well as mid-to-long-term results.Keywords: rejuvenation, biostimulation, neocollagenesis, collagen, calcium hydroxylapatite, hyaluronic acid, jawline treatment

Harmful plastic debris found on beaches and in the oceans are not limited to drinking straws or bags. There are several synthetic organic polymers that can be used to make different kinds of plastic materials and have resulted in billions of tons of waste that can reach the aquatic biome and are harmful to freshwater and marine communities as well as humans. Small pieces, known as microplastics, are very small (<5mm) and can readily be ingested by marine organisms, causing dangerous threats to the food supply chain. Although plastic debris appears as particles of varying size, shape, color, and chemical composition, its origin or source cannot easy be identified by the naked eye. Sometimes, it is also difficult to identify whether debris is made of plastics materials. However, plastic debris sources can be revealed by applying basic concepts of the interaction of infrared radiation with matter. If a sample is irradiated with infrared light, a part of the radiation can be absorbed and provide detailed information about the structure of chemical compounds, such as the arrangement of nuclei and chemical bonds within the molecule. Chemical features of a molecule allow identification of the type of polymer that makes up a plastic material. In this paper the authors describe a multidisciplinary approach to teaching the interaction of infrared light and the vibrating process of molecules to characterize plastic pollutants. The practical classes involve both indoor and outdoor activities, divided into four steps: choice of case study site; plastic debris sampling; sample preparation and physical and chemical characterization of plastic debris (size, color, shape and polymer type); data interpretation and identification of the main plastic debris sources. The first three steps, which include outdoor activities, can also be performed by students of all ages, as well as by geography, environmental science and biology teachers who are fundamental in multidisciplinary studies. The data interpretation step that involves the polymer identification is performed at the laboratory, by using ATR-FTIR and/or optical transmittance sensor systems. Finally, the identification of the main plastic debris sources and the final conclusions are tasks that can be performed in a multidisciplinary way.

We have commissioned a high-energy glass-laser at the Large Plasma Device (LAPD) to study the interaction of a dense laser-produced plasma with a large (17 m) magnetized plasma. First experiments with an energy of the laser blow-off an order of magnitude higher than previous work (Gekelman et al. in J. Geophys. Res. 108(A7):1281, 2003) produced large amplitude Alfvén waves (δ B ⊥ /B 0≈15%). We will discuss the potential of this facility for collisionless laboratory astrophysics experiments.

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