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A major obstacle to sustainable city growth in the context of growing urbanization is efficient wastewater treatment. This study analyzes the current wastewater concerns, with a focus on Saharanpur, a class-II city facing unique challenges because of its limited infrastructure. It emphasizes the repercussions on the environment and human health as well as the lack of suitable healthcare and infrastructure. Incorporating design considerations, treatment methodologies, and resource recovery strategies, the research suggests a customized wastewater treatment framework for Class-II cities. In order to overcome both financial and cultural barriers, the decentralized sewage treatment plants (STPs) employ a staged approach that involves stakeholder engagement. The results provide innovative ideas and useful insights to manage sewage difficulties, underscoring the city's pressing need for increased environmental resilience and wastewater sustainability. Predicted sewage generation data over time horizons in key zones (Praduman Nagar, Nazirpura & Badshapur) emphasize the need for timely interventions and offer Class-II cities a comprehensive plan to enhance their wastewater management in the face of urban growth.

The materials of the expedition of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University on Lake Gusinoye in August 2019 made it possible to assess the hydrological structure of the lake, the distribution of the flow of the main tributaries and wastewater from the Gusinoozerskaya state district power station. An analysis of the distribution of the chemical components and nutrients showed that dynamic mixing plays a significant role in the lake regime. The increase in the content of nutrients and mineralization components is insignificant and is determined by the flow of municipal sewage from settlements, from former quarries and mines, and mineralized groundwater.