Search

The authors assess the effectiveness of campaigns designed to increase the sport activities of migrant workers in Qatar, host nation of the FIFA Men's World Cup Qatar 2022TM. The authors used the integrative model of behavioral prediction (IM) as a guide and conducted ethnographic interviews with migrant workers in Qatar. The results suggest that the respondents have very low participation rates, positive attitudes towards the sports campaigns and desire to participate more but are hampered by environmental factors beyond their control including time off of work, transportation and money. Utilization of external factors is necessary for the management and assessment of sports campaigns targeted at migrant workers and by extension, other populations. The inclusion of external elements from the IM is especially important in the design of sports campaigns targeted at migrant workers. Focusing exclusively on internal perceptions, attitudes and beliefs risks missing the factors that prevent the campaigns from succeeding. Sports opportunities are not often targeted at migrant laborers nor assessed; the study fills this gap. The external factors from the IM are underutilized. The study addresses this gap and provides valuable insight that can guide the management and assessment of sports and leisure opportunities for migrant workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanomaterials (NMs) have significant technological advantages due to their unique properties but their release into the environment also carry potential eco-toxicological risks. Cu 2 O NMs have numerous industrial and commercial applications, however less is known about the risks to human health and ecosystems. This study investigated different shapes of nano-Cu 2 O (cubic and octahedron) with humic acid (HA: 2 mg/L and 10 mg/L) on the reproduction, growth, survival rate and Cu accumulation in the two-generations of Daphnia Magna species. Nano-Cu 2 O cubic and octahedron shapes were analyzed by SEM, demonstrating {111} and {100} facets. The results indicated that octahedron has the more evident toxic effect than cubic shape for both generations. Continuous exposure to nano-Cu 2 O exhibited negative effects on body length, cumulative neonates and Cu accumulation in filial generation F (1). Survival rate of Cu 2 O octahedron was the least 66%, while Cu 2 O cubic was 73% for parental generation F (0). In addition, HA showed a significant reduction in the toxicity of nano-Cu 2 O for both generations, leading to an enhanced survival rate, body length and reproduction. This study provides insights of the long-term effect of different shapes of nano-Cu 2 O in the existence of humic acid to the multi-generations ecosystem., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)