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The health sector and the funds allocated to it, due to its impact on the strengthening of the human capital through productivity, play an important role in the economic growth and human development of countries. If these credits are not allocated optimally, especially in the form of capital asset acquisition, it will make the health sector unable to provide optimal health care services. In this regard, the purpose of the present article is to provide a model for allocating the funds for the acquisition of capital assets of the health sector in Khorasan Razavi to the cities of this province. To this end, a multi-criteria decision-making method has been used on the basis of satisfaction and statistics and information related to credits and indicators of the health sector of Khorasan Razavi province with emphasis on deprived and less developed areas. The findings of this study indicate the highest optimal share for the cities of Mashhad, Binalood, and Zaveh and the lowest optimal share for the city of Gonabad from the total credits related to the acquisition of capital assets of the health sector of Khorasan Razavi.

The understanding of microorganism’s biodiversity in the peatland soil through non-cultivation based approach provide important inputs towards prediction of the ecosystem response towards the changing environment. The challenge that hindered the success to obtain high quality DNA from peat soil lies in the physicochemical characteristics such as low pH and high humic acid content. There are two general approaches that have been extensively applied for soil microbial DNA extraction, which are direct DNA extraction protocol and indirect DNA extraction protocol. The only step differentiate between these two protocols is the later includes additional cell separation method from soil micro-aggregates preceding DNA extraction process. Therefore, several improved and modified methods in conventional DNA extraction and purification methods are reviewed in this paper to cater all the highlighted issues as to obtain high-quality DNA for peatland metagenomics soil studies.

Integrated watershed management is considered as a new principle for development planning and management of water and soil resources emphasizing on socio-economic characteristics of the region to sustainable livelihoods without vulnerability for plants and the residents of an area. This research, in line with the objectives of integrated management, has been carried out for modelling and evaluating the effects of ecological, socio-economic consequences resulting from the implementation of the proposed management plans on the vegetation changes with a focus on the problems in Simindasht catchment, located in Semnan and Tehran Provinces. After standardization of indices by distance method and weighing them, the scenarios were prioritized using multi-criteria decision-making technique. Trade-off analysis of the results indicates that in the integrated management of Simindasht catchment more than one single management solution, covering all aspects of the system can be recommended in different weighting approaches. The approach used herein, considering the results of different models and comparing the results, is an efficient tool to represent the watershed system as a whole and to facilitate decision making for integrated watershed management.

When facing a strategic leadership problem, a decision maker must choose an appropriate reasoning strategy for a given situation. Complex strategic choices sets focus upon providing deliberate and methodical support for decision- makers engaged in strategic decision making. The increasing interest in the subject of leadership reflects the considerable importance of this phenomenon. This study in short presents methods of strategic leadership selection in construction. There could to be separated five levels of a decision maker: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient and expert. Each of them acts in different way. While working in complex environments, the human decision makers can always face situations where time constraints, high stakes, multiple players, ill-structured problems and situations are presenting strategic decision making the information is used to make high-risk decisions. There exists wide range of methods, which could to be applied to the leadership strategy selection. Based on literature overview, a LEVI 3.0 program based strategy selection model is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to establish a new managerial talent assessment model for the assessors of the IC packaging industry in Taiwan. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method, with the capability of obtaining information in more systematic and efficient ways, contributes to the effectiveness of evaluating and managing relevant managerial competence activities. Borda function, FAHP method, Fuzzy Delphi method and questionnaire survey were used in the study. Meanwhile, an empirical study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the FAHP in the managerial talent assessment model, which aims to improve the quality of the decision making, and to be referred to further managerial talent-related activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]