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333 results on '"Mullen, Charles A."'

12. Effluent Gas Flux Characterization during Pyrolysis of Chicken Manure

Author

Clark, Sydney C, Ryals, Rebecca, Miller, David J, Mullen, Charles A, Pan, Da, Zondlo, Mark A, Boateng, Akwasi A, and Hastings, Meredith G

Subjects
Climate Action, biochar, pyrolysis, gas flux, poultry char, greenhouse gases, chicken manure, Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Science and Management, Chemical Engineering
Published
2017

23. Solid-State Nmr 13c Sensitivity at High Magnetic Field

Author

Rienstra, Chad, primary, Han, Ruixian, additional, Borcik, Collin G., additional, Wang, Songlin, additional, Warmuth, Owen A., additional, Geohring, Kevin, additional, Mullen, Charles, additional, Incitti, Mario, additional, and Stringer, John A., additional

Published
2023
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36. Pyrolytic Conversion of Cellulosic Pulps from "Lignin-First" Biomass Fractionation.

Author

Mullen, Charles A., Ellison, Candice, and Elkasabi, Yaseen

Subjects
*SWITCHGRASS, *LIGNOCELLULOSE, *LIGNINS, *BIOMASS, *BIOMASS chemicals, *DEPOLYMERIZATION, *AROMATIC compounds, *PHENOLS
Abstract

Utilization of lignin is among the most pressing problems for biorefineries that convert lignocellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals. Recently "lignin-first" biomass fractionation has received increasing attention. In most biorefining concepts, carbohydrate portions of the biomass are separated, and their monomeric sugar components released, while the relatively chemically stable lignin rich byproduct remains underutilized. Conversely, in lignin-first processes, a one-pot fractionation and depolymerization is performed, leading to an oil rich in phenolic compounds and a cellulosic pulp. Usually, the pulp is considered as a fermentation feedstock to produce ethanol. Herein, the results of a study where various cellulosic pulps are tested for their potential to produce valuable products via pyrolysis processes, assessed via analytical pyrolysis (py-GC), are presented. Samples of herbaceous (switchgrass) and woody biomass (oak) were subjected to both an acid-catalyzed and a supported-metal-catalyzed reductive lignin-first depolymerization, and the pulps were compared. Fast pyrolysis of the pulps produced levoglucosan in yields of up to about 35 wt %. When normalized for the amount of biomass entering the entire process, performing the lignin-first reductive depolymerization resulted in 4.0–4.6 times the yield of levoglucosan than pyrolysis of raw biomass. Pulps derived from switchgrass were better feedstocks for levoglucosan production compared with pulps from oak, and pulps produced from metal-on-carbon catalyzed depolymerization produced more levoglucosan than those from acid-catalyzed depolymerization. Catalytic pyrolysis over HZSM-5 produced aromatic hydrocarbons from the pulps. In this case, the yields were similar from both feedstocks and catalyst types, suggesting that there is no advantage to lignin fractionation prior to zeolite-catalyzed catalytic pyrolysis for hydrocarbons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. Looking Toward the Future: An Affiliated Educational System for Optometry.

Author

Mullen, Charles F.

Abstract

An opportunity exists for the Veterans Administration, Association of Schools of Optometry, and American Optometric Association to establish a large-scale affiliated optometric education system, enhancing optometric care, education, and clinical research opportunities. These agencies can develop an efficient, cost-effective national model for eye care provision that minimizes duplicated services. (MSE)

Published
1993

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