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2. Anterior Knee Surgical Approaches

Author

Cole, Wendell W., III, Weldy, John M., Logan, Catherine, Mulcahey, Mary K., Waterman, Brian, Section editor, Jones, Kristofer, Section editor, Sherman, Seth L., editor, Chahla, Jorge, editor, LaPrade, Robert F., editor, and Rodeo, Scott A., editor

Published
2024
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3. Part I: Background and Clinical Considerations for Stress Fractures in Female Military Recruits.

Author

Abbott, Alexandra, Wang, Cindy, Stamm, Michaela, and Mulcahey, Mary K

Subjects
Allied Health and Rehabilitation Science, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Humans, Female, United States, Child, Fractures, Stress, Military Personnel, Risk Factors, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Lower Extremity, Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Strategic, Defence & Security Studies, Clinical sciences, Health services and systems
Abstract

IntroductionStress fractures (SFx) represent a significant proportion of musculoskeletal injuries in military recruits internationally. Incidence rates as high as 40% have been reported, varying by country and branch of military cohorts. Tibial SFx are the most common, followed by other lower extremity sites, and are related to the emphasis on running during training. SFx disproportionately affect female recruits, similarly to a disparity demonstrated in female athletes.MethodsA literature review of articles relevant to our review was conducted using PubMed, utilizing keywords stress fracture, military, recruits, diagnosis, management, treatment, prevention, epidemiology, background, and/or female. Articles older than 10 years old (prior to 2010) were not considered. Review articles were considered, but if a research article was cited by a review, the research was included directly. Articles with primary military data, members of the military as subjects, especially when female recruits were included, were strongly considered for inclusion in this review.ResultsSFx can cause medical morbidity and financial burden and can require discharge from military service. SFx management in the military has cost the United States approximately $100 million annually, which may be underestimated due to lost duty hours or medical discharge with resulting compensation. However, SFx incidence rates have been demonstrated to be reducible with concerted efforts in military cohorts.ConclusionThis review, Part I of a two-part series, provides updated information for multidisciplinary management of SFx in female military recruits. There are many similarities to management in athletes, but unique nuances of the military recruit require specific knowledge to reduce the high incidence rates of injury.

Published
2023

4. Part II: Risk Factors for Stress Fractures in Female Military Recruits.

Author

Abbott, Alexandra, Wang, Cindy, Stamm, Michaela, and Mulcahey, Mary K

Subjects
Allied Health and Rehabilitation Science, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Nutrition, Injuries and accidents, Male, Humans, Female, Fractures, Stress, Military Personnel, Risk Factors, Vitamin D, Body Mass Index, Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Strategic, Defence & Security Studies, Clinical sciences, Health services and systems
Abstract

IntroductionStress fractures (SFx) represent a significant proportion of injuries in military recruits internationally. Stress fractures disproportionately affect female recruits, a disparity that has similarly been consistently demonstrated in female athletes. Stress fractures result in medical morbidity, financial burden, and medical discharge from military service. This review presents current literature regarding SFx risk factors to identify and/or mitigate in this high-risk population.MethodsA literature review was conducted using PubMed to find relevant articles. We utilized keywords stress fracture, military, recruits, female, risk factors, modifiable, non-modifiable, overuse, nutrition, and/or prevention. Articles older than 10 years (published before 2010) were not considered. Review articles were considered, but if a research article was cited by a review, the research was included directly. Articles with primary military data, members of the military as subjects, especially when female recruits were included, were strongly considered for inclusion in this review.ResultsModifiable risk factors for SFx include nutritional deficiency, especially of iron, vitamin D, and possibly calcium, poor physical fitness, suboptimal training programming for injury development and recovery, load carriage, and military footwear. Non-modifiable risk factors include female sex, greater height, lower weight and body mass index in females but lower or higher weight and body mass index in males, lower body fat percentage, and lower bone mineral density. In addition, menstrual dysfunction, low energy availability, later age at menarche, and iron deficiency pose unique risks to female recruits. Preventive measures include leadership education, programs with recovery considerations, and risk factor screening.ConclusionThis review, Part II of a two-part series, guides multidisciplinary management of military recruits, especially females, who are at risk for developing SFx. Unique nuances of the military recruit require specific knowledge to reduce high incidence rates of injury internationally.

Published
2023

22. Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability

Author

Peebles, Liam A., Golijanin, Petar, Peebles, Annalise M., Mulcahey, Mary K., Provencher, Matthew T., Milano, Giuseppe, editor, Grasso, Andrea, editor, Brzóska, Roman, editor, and Kovačič, Ladislav, editor

Published
2023
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45. Reimagining the Path of an Unmatched Orthopaedic Residency Application: A Survey of Program Directors

Author

Bryant, Stewart A., Jardaly, Achraf H., Ponce, Brent A., Guthrie, S. Trent, Slone, Harris, Bruce, Jeremy R., Wilson, Andrew W., White, Charles Cody, Razi, Afshin, Aiyer, Amiethab, Sobel, Andrew, Krishnamurthy, Anil B., Rogerson, Ashley, Jackson, Benjamin, Cone, Brent M., Scannell, Brian, Wentz, Brock T., Paulino, Carl, Lin, Carol, Gatt, Charles J., Pasque, Charles, Eberson, Craig, Wongworawat, Daniel, LaPorte, Dawn, Ode, Gabriella, Dyer, George, Vrabec, Gregory A., Grabowski, Gregory, Vrabec, Gregory, Badkoobehi, Haleh, Purtill, James, Brooks, Jayson, Klena, Joel, Andrawis, John, Sewards, Joseph M., Weistroffer, Joseph, Patt, Joshua, Wright-Chisem, Joshua, Hicks, Justin J., Beebe, Kathleen S., Leitch, Kellie, Gundle, Kenneth, Templeton, Kimberly, Geaney, Lauren E., Leddy, Lee, Yakkanti, Madhusudhan, Schenker, Mara, Mulcahey, Mary K., Beal, Matthew D., Kfuri, Mauricio, Harrington, Mel, Johnson, Michael D., Hartman, Michael, Kogan, Monica, Turner, Norman, Osborn, Patrick, Dougherty, Paul, Tornetta, Paul, White, Peter, Rajani, Rajiv, Cohn, Randy, Decker, Robert C., Muchow, Ryan D., Fitzgerald, Ryan, Ames, S. Elizabeth, Mehta, Samir, Porter, Scott E., Poon, Selina, Gilbert, Shawn, Balach, Tessa, Scharschmidt, Thomas, Payne, William K., Levine, William N., and Khalafallah, Youssef M.

Published
2023
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